2025年中考英语第一次模拟试卷01（广州专用）（解析版）

2025年中考英语第一次模拟试卷01（广州专用）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.难度系数：0.60。5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、语法选择(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Akind-heartedman,seeingabutterflystruggling(努力)tofreeitselffromitscocoon,verygently,hehelpedopenthecocoon.Thebutterfly1,butcouldnotfly.Themandidn’tknowthatonlythroughthebirthstrugglecanthewingsgrow2enoughforflight.Icallthestory“learningtolovewithanopenhand.”IamlearningthatImustfreetheoneIlove,forifItrytocontrolIlose3Itrytohold.4ItrytochangesomeoneIlovebecauseIfeelIknowhowthatpersonshouldbe,Itakeawayanimportantright(权力)ofhisorhers,5righttotakeresponsibilityforoneselfandtochooseone’sownlife.Nomatterhowkindmypurposeis,Icanlimitandhurthimorherbythekindestacts6protectionorconcern.AsIlearnandpracticemoreandmore,IcansaytotheoneIlove:“Iloveyou,Ivalueyou,IrespectyouandItrustthatyouhavethepower7allthatitispossibleforyoutobecome.Iloveyou8muchthatIcansetyoufreetowalkbesidemeinjoyandinsadness.Iwillshareyourtears,butIwillnotaskyou9.Iwillcareandcomfortyou,butIwillnotholdyouupwhenyoucanwalk10.Iwillstandreadytobewithyouinyourloneliness11Iwillnottakeawayfromyou.SometimesIwillbeangryandwhenIam,IwilltrytotellyouopenlysothatIneednothateour12.IcannotalwaysbewithyouorhearwhatyousayfortherearetimeswhenImustlistentomyselfandcareformyself,andwhenthathappens,Iwillbeas13withyouasIcanbe.”I14tosaythistothoseIloveandforwhomIcare.AndIalwaysremind15:lovingwithanopenhand.1．A．freed B．hasfreed C．wasfreeing D．wasfreed2．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．strongly3．A．why B．when C．what D．whose4．A．Although B．If C．Unless D．Until5．A．the B．a C．an D．/6．A．in B．about C．with D．of7．A．become B．tobecoming C．tobecome D．became8．A．very B．too C．really D．so9．A．don’tcry B．nottocry C．notcrying D．notcry10．A．alone B．lonely C．loneliness D．lone11．A．who B．where C．how D．which12．A．differs B．differences C．differently D．different13．A．morehonest B．themosthonest C．honest D．honestly14．A．learned B．amlearning C．waslearning D．hadlearned15．A．I B．me

C．myself

D．mine【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．B5．A6．D7．C8．D9．B10．A11．D12．B13．C14．B15．C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了一个通过蝴蝶破茧而出的故事来阐述“以开放的心态去爱”的观点。作者认为，真正的爱不是控制和改变对方，而是给予对方自由，尊重对方的选择和决定。作者通过自身的学习和实践，表达了对所爱之人的尊重、信任和支持，并强调了在爱中保持开放心态的重要性。1．句意：蝴蝶被释放了，但飞不起来。freed过去式；hasfreed现在完成时；wasfreeing过去进行时；wasfreed一般过去时的被动语态。根据主语“Thebutterfly”可知，应是被放飞自由，要用被动语态。根据文章时态为一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态即“wasfreed”。故选D。2．句意：这个人不知道，只有经过出生的挣扎，翅膀才能长得足够强壮，可以飞翔。strong强壮的；stronger更强壮的；strongest最强壮的；strongest强壮地。根据句式结构可知，“grow”后接形容词，表示主语逐渐变得某种状态或特质，副词enough修饰形容词原形即“strong”。故选A。3．句意：我正在学习，我必须解放我所爱的人，因为如果我试图控制，我就会失去我试图抓住的东西。why为什么；when何时；what什么；whose谁的。根据句式结构可知，该句为宾语从句。根据空后“Itrytohold”可知，应用“what”作“hold”的宾语，故选C。4．句意：如果我试图改变我爱的人，因为我觉得我知道他应该是什么样的人，我就剥夺了他或她的一项重要权利，即为自己负责和选择自己生活的权利。Although尽管；If如果；Unless除非；Until直到。根据句式结构可知，该句为“if”引导的条件状语从句，句首首字母大写。故选B。5．句意：如果我试图改变我爱的人，因为我觉得我知道他应该是什么样的人，我就剥夺了他或她的一项重要权利，即为自己负责和选择自己生活的权利。the特指；a一；an一；/不填。根据空后“totakeresponsibilityforoneselfandtochooseone’sownlife”可知表特指为自己负责和选择自己生活的权利，应用“the”。故选A。6．句意：无论我的目的是多么善良，我都可能通过最善意的保护或关心行为来限制和伤害他或她。in在里面；about关于；with和；of……的。根据空前“thekindestacts”以及空后“protectionorconcern”可知，该空表所属关系即“of”。故选D。7．句意：随着我越来越多地学习和练习，我可以对我爱的人说：“我爱你，我重视你，我尊重你，我相信你有能力成为你所能成为的一切。”become原形；tobecoming介词+动名词；tobecome不定式；became过去式。根据句式结构可知，该空应用不定式作目的状语。故选C。8．句意：我是如此地爱你，以至于我可以让你自由地与我同甘共苦。very非常；too太；really真地；so如此。根据空后“that”可知，该空应填“so”构成“so...that”句式。故选D。9．句意：我会和你一起流泪，但我不会要求你停止哭泣。don’tcry不要哭泣；nottocrynot+不定式；notcryingnot+动名词；notcrynot+动词原形。根据空前“askyou”可知，该结构为“asksbnottodosth”即“让某人不做某事”。故选B。10．句意：我会关心你，安慰你，但当你能独立行走时，我不会阻拦你。alone独自；lonely孤独的，形容词；loneliness孤独，名词；lone孤独的。根据空前“walk”动词可知，该空要用副词修饰动词。故选A。11．句意：我会随时准备在你的孤独中陪伴你，我不会把你的孤独带走。who谁；where哪儿；how如何；which哪个。根据句式结构可知，该句是定语从句，先行词是物，所以关系代词用which。故选D。12．句意：有时我会生气，当我生气的时候，我会尽量坦率地告诉你，这样我就不必讨厌我们之间的分歧。differs不同于，动词；differences不同，名词；differently不同地，副词；different不同的，形容词。根据空前“our”可知，该空应用名词形式。故选B。13．句意：我不可能总是和你在一起，听你说什么，因为有时候我必须倾听自己，关心自己，当这种情况发生时，我会尽可能诚实地对你。morehonest更诚实的；themosthonest最诚实的；honest诚实的；honestly诚实地。根据句式结构可知，该空应用形容词作表语，“as...as”中间要用原形。故选C。14．句意：我正在学着对我爱的人和我关心的人说这句话。learned过去式；amlearning现在进行时；waslearning过去进行时；hadlearned现在完成时。根据语境可知，该句要用现在进行时表达我正在做的事情。故选B。15．句意：我总是提醒自己：放手去爱。I我，主格；me我，宾格；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据空前“Ialwaysremind”可知，该空要用反身代词“我自己”即“myself”。故选C。二、完形填空(共10题，每小题1分，满分10分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。Onceayoungmanwasaskedtopaintaboatofarichman.Whilepainting,he16asmallholeintheship’shull(船体)andquietlyfixedit.Afterfinishinghiswork,theyoungmangotpaidandleft.Theboat’sowner17attheyoungman’shousethenextdaywithmuchmoney,fargreaterthanthepaintingpayment.“You’vealreadygivenme18forpaintingtheboat,Sir!”saidthesurprisedyoungman.“Thisisn’tforthepaintjob,it’sforrepairingthe19.”saidtherichman.“Butitwassuchalittleservice.Youdon’tneedto20methatmuch.”saidtheyoungman.“Mydearboy,IforgottheholewhenIaskedyoutopainttheboat.Afteryoufinishedpaintingit,my21tooktheboatandwentonafishingtrip.Then,Isuddenlyrememberedthehole.Iwasscaredtodeath.Imaginehow22IwaswhenIsawthemreturnhomesafely.Afterthat,I23checkedtheboatanddiscoveredthatyouhadrepairedthehole.You24mychildren’slives.”saidtherichman.So,nomatterwhat,where,whenorhow,trytobe25.Becausesometimes,thesmallestactofkindnessmaybeworthmoretoothers.16．A．burnt B．dug C．made D．discovered17．A．grewup B．gaveup C．showedup D．cheeredup18．A．advice B．money C．presents D．prizes19．A．hole B．house C．painting D．shelf20．A．save B．tell C．pay D．ask21．A．parents B．kids C．wife D．friends22．A．thankful B．lonely C．bored D．lovely23．A．luckily B．carefully C．recently D．comfortably24．A．gave B．helped C．lost D．protected25．A．brave B．patient C．helpful D．humorous【答案】16．D17．C18．B19．A20．C21．B22．A23．B24．D25．C【导语】本文讲述了一个年轻人在给富人的船涂油漆时顺手修补了船上的洞，这个小小的善举无意间拯救了富人孩子的性命。16．句意：在给船上油漆时，他发现船体上有一个小洞，于是悄悄地把它修好了。burnt燃烧；dug挖；made制作；discovered发现。根据“Whilepainting,he…asmallholeintheship’shull”可知，年轻人发现船有个洞。故选D。17．句意：第二天，船主带着一大笔钱出现在年轻人的家里，远远超过了上漆的费用。grewup成长；gaveup放弃；showedup出现；cheeredup使振奋。根据“Theboat’sowner...attheyoungman’shousethenextday”可知，船的主人出现在年轻人家里。故选C。18．句意：先生，你已经给我油漆船的钱了！advice建议；money钱；presents礼物；prizes奖品。根据“You’vealreadygivenme…forpaintingtheboat”可知，富人已经支付了涂油漆的钱了。故选B。19．句意：这不是给粉刷工作的，而是给补洞的钱。hole洞；house房屋；painting绘画，粉刷；shelf架子。根据“asmallholeintheship’shull(船体)”可知，富人第二次给钱是因为年轻人补了船体的洞。故选A。20．句意：你不需要付我那么多钱。save节约；tell告诉；pay支付；ask询问。根据“Youdon’tneedto…methatmuch”可知，年轻人认为富人不需要给自己支付这么多钱。故选C。21．句意：你刷完后，我的孩子们就乘船去钓鱼了。parents父母；kids孩子；wife妻子；friends朋友。根据“mychildren’slives”可知，富人的孩子乘船去钓鱼。故选B。22．句意：想象一下，当我看到他们安全回家时，我是多么感激。thankful感激的；lonely孤独的；bored无聊的；lovely可爱的。根据“whenIsawthemreturnhomesafely”可知，孩子们钓鱼安然无恙地回来了，富人非常感激。故选A。23．句意：在那之后，我仔细检查了船，发现你修复了洞。luckily幸运地；carefully仔细地；recently最近；comfortably舒服地。根据“I…checkedtheboatanddiscoveredthatyouhadrepairedthehole”可知，富人仔细检查船身，发现了年轻人的善举。故选B。24．句意：你保护了我孩子们的生命。gave给；helped帮助；lost失去；protected保护。根据“youhadrepairedthehole”可知年轻人将船体的洞补好了，使孩子们出海钓鱼得以安全无恙地返回，他的善举保护了孩子们的生命。故选D。25．句意：所以，无论何时何地，无论如何，都要尽力提供帮助。brave勇敢的；patient耐心的；helpful有帮助的；humorous幽默的。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了年轻人帮助把船身的洞补上，救助了富人孩子的生命，所以无论何时何地都要帮助他人。故选C。阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一部分阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从26-40各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项。AWheneveryoneinChinaisgettingreadyforthetraditionalChineseNewYear,aChineseAIappisshiningaroundtheworld.TheChineseartificialintelligence(AI)appDeepSeekbecamethemostdownloadedfreeappontheAppleAppStoreworldwide,followedbyChatGPTfromOpenAI,GeminifromGoogle,andLlama2fromMeta.Withthissuccess,stocks(股票)relatedtoDeepSeekrosequicklyonMonday,withmanystartingthedaymorethan10percenthigher.Itisbelievedtobringabigredenvelopetoshareholders.InJanuary2025,theChineseAIcompanyDeepSeekintroduceditsnewopensourcemodel,DeepSeekR1.ItisreportedthatthismodelmadeanimportantbreakthroughbyusingdeeplearningtechniquesthatlettheAIdevelopreasoning(推理)skillsonitsown.Asaresult,intaskssuchasmath,coding,andlanguagereasoning,themodelworksaswellasthetopmodelsfrombigcompanieslikeOpenAI,andinsomefields,itevenoutperformstheworld’sbestapps.Whatimpressestheworldmostisthatthedevelopersusedlesspowerfulchipsthanthoseusedbyleadingcompetitors.Moreover,boththenumberofchipsandthenumberofdevelopersontheteamarelowerthanthoseofindustryleaders.Thismeansthatthecostforuserswillbelowerthanthatofferedbyothercompetitors.Theappquicklyattractedglobalattention.PeopleinSiliconValleystartedwonderinghowitsdevelopersalmostcaughtupwithAmericanrivals.MarcAndreessen,awell-knowninvestorinSiliconValley,saidonX(Twitter),“DeepseekR1isoneofthemostamazingandimpressivebreakthroughsI’veeverseen.”DeepSeekmeansalottoChinaanditsAIindustry.ItmarkstheriseofChineselargemodelsontheglobalstage.However,withthisprogresscomesnewchallenges.Therapiddevelopmentofsuchpowerfultechnologyhasalsoattractedcriticismfromabroad,includingcyberattacksandotherformsofunfriendlybehavior.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperforms”meaninparagraph3?A．Performsworse.B．Performsequally. C．Performsbetter. D．Performsnaturally.27．WhichofthefollowingareadvantagesofDeepSeekoveritscompetitors?①DeepSeekcanreasononitsown.②DeepSeekperformsbetterthanitscompetitorsinallfields.③Itusedlesspowerfulchips.④Itusedfewerchips.⑤Thenumberofdevelopersonitsteamislower.⑥Thecostforuserswillbelower.A．①,③,④,⑤,⑥ B．①,②,③,④,⑥C．①,②,③,⑤,⑥ D．②,③,④,⑤,⑥28．WhydoesthewritermentionMarcAndreessen?A．TointroducethefamousSiliconValleyinvestorMarcAndreessen.B．TosuggestthatAmericaninvestorsareworriedaboutChineseAItechnology.C．ToprovethatDeepSeekisthemostdownloadedappintheworld.D．TocomparetheachievementsofAIathomeandabroad.29．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．DeepSeekistheonlyAIAPPknownaroundtheworld.B．DeepSeekwillleadtheworld’slargemodelindustries.C．DeepSeekgainsfullysupportworldwide.D．CriticismfromabroadmaybringchallengestoDeepSeek.【答案】26．C27．A28．B29．D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国人工智能应用程序DeepSeek在全球获得成功，但也面临来自国外的批评等挑战。26．词句猜测题。根据第三段“intaskssuchasmath,coding,andlanguagereasoning,themodelworkswellasthetopmodelsfrombigcompanieslikeOpenAI,andinsomefields,itevenoutperformstheworld’sbestapps.”可知，前文提到在一些任务中该模型和大公司顶级模型表现一样好，后面“even”表示递进，可推理出在一些领域它比世界上最好的应用程序表现得更好。故选C。27．细节理解题。根据第三段“ItisreportedthatthismodelmadeanimportantbreakthroughbyusingdeeplearningtechniquesthatlettheAIdevelopreasoning(推理)skillsonitsown.”可知AI能自主推理，①正确；根据第四段“Whatimpressestheworldmostisthatthedevelopersusedlesspowerfulchipsthanthoseusedbyleadingcompetitors.Moreover,boththenumberofchipsandthenumberofdevelopersontheteamarelowerthanthoseofindustryleaders.Thismeansthatthecostforuserswillbelowerthanthatofferedbyothercompetitors.”可知，使用更弱的芯片、更少的芯片和更少的开发者且成本更低，故③④⑤⑥正确；文中提到在一些领域表现更好，并非所有领域，②错误。故选A。28．细节理解题。根据第五段“MarcAndreessen,awell-knowninvestorinSiliconValley,saidonX(Twitter),‘DeepseekR1isoneofthemostamazingandimpressivebreakthroughsI’veeverseen.’”，马克・安德森是硅谷知名投资者，他对DeepSeekR1给予高度评价，间接反映出美国对中国AI技术进步的关注和潜在担忧。故选B。29．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,withthisprogresscomesnewchallenges.Therapiddevelopmentofsuchpowerfultechnologyhasalsoattractedcriticismfromabroad,includingcyberattacksandotherformsofunfriendlybehavior”可知，随着进步带来了新挑战，国外的批评包括网络攻击等不友好行为，会给DeepSeek带来挑战。故选D。BAfterlearningaboutthelifeofthemasterpoetwholivedabout1,300yearsagointhehistoricaldocumentaryLiBai,manyyoungChineseviewershavepreferredtalkingaboutpursuing(追求)theirdreamsonsocialmedia.InthedocumentaryDuFu—China’sGreatestPoet,ahistoriansaid,“Du’spoemsareasimportantinChineseliteraryhistoryasShakespeareistopeopleinBritain.”ThisremarkcanalsobeusedforLi’spoems.LivingintheTangdynastyduringthe“GoldenAgeofChinesePoetry”,Liusedhistalenttopushpoetrytoanewheight.“IfDuFuisthegreatestpoetinChina,thenLiBaiisthemosttalentedpoetinthehistoryofChinesepoetry,”anexpertinancientChineseliteratureemphasized.MuchofLi’slifeisreflectedinhispoems;hisromance,heroism,andfreedomwhiletravellingaroundthemountainsandriversofChina,andhishardlifeexperiences.HesawtheTangdynasty’samazingprosperity(繁荣),anddreamedaboutbeinganexcellentofficertoservethecourt(朝廷),butexperiencedchallengeafterchallengeuntilhisdeath.LiBaihaswongreatreputation(声誉)amongChinesenetizens(网民).Thestoryofthepoet’slifehasarousedmanyyoungChineseinterest.___▲___Forexample,“Whatwouldwedoifourdreamscouldn’tbereached,justlikeLi?”SomenetizenswrotethatunlikeLi,theymightchangetoanotherdreaminordernottogivethemselvestoomuchpressureorunhappiness,whileothernetizenssaidtheywouldchooseto“holdonstraighttotheend”.“Infact,manypeoplewholikeLiBai’spoemslikethespiritheexpressed—thespiritofnevergivingupanddreamingaboutdoingsomethinggoodtohelpsociety,justlikemanyyoungpeoplewhohavethesamedreaminthisera,”anexpertinancientChineseliteraturesaid.30．WhichisoneofthecommonthemesofLiBai’spoems?A．Technology. B．Bravery. C．Politicalpower. D．Wealth.31．WhyisShakespearetalkedaboutinParagraph2?A．ToexplainthemeaningofShakespeare’spoemsinBritain.B．TopraisethepopularityofShakespeare’spoemsintheworld.C．TodescribetheinfluenceofLiBai’spoemsonEnglishpeople.D．ToshowtheimportanceofLiBai’spoemsinChineseliteraryhistory.32．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinto__▲__inParagraph5?A．Youngnetizensaskquestions.B．Manyyoungpeopletrytorealizetheirdreams.C．ManyyoungpeopleareinterestedinChinesehistory.D．AncientChinesepoetsencourageyoungpeopletochallengelife.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“holdonstraighttotheend”mean?A．Dosomethinggoodtohelpsociety.B．Sticktotheirdreamsandnevergiveup.C．Experiencechallengesoneafteranother.D．Changetoanotherdreamwhenfacingdifficulties.【答案】30．B31．D32．A33．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了中国古代诗人李白，他的诗歌以及现代年轻人对其看法。30．推理判断题。根据“MuchofLi’slifeisreflectedinhispoems:hisromance,heroism,andfreedomwhiletravellingaroundthemountainsandriversofChina,andhishardlifeexperiences.”可知李白的诗中反映了他的浪漫、英雄主义和自由，以及他艰难的生活经历。结合选项，推断勇敢是他诗歌常见的主题。故选B。31．细节理解题。根据“‘Du’spoemsareasimportantinChineseliteraryhistoryasShakespeareistopeopleinBritain.’ThisremarkcanalsobeusedforLi’spoems.”可知此处提到莎士比亚是为了说明李白诗歌在中国文学史上的重要性，就像莎士比亚对英国人一样重要。故选D。32．推理判断题。根据“Forexample,‘Whatwouldwedoifourdreamscouldn’tbereached,justlikeLi?’”可推断此处指网友们提出了很多问题。故选A。33．词句猜测题。根据“...theymightchangetoanotherdreaminordernottogivethemselvestoomuchpressureorunhappiness,whileothernetizenssaidtheywouldchoose”可知有些人为了不给自己太大的压力或不快乐，他们可能会换一个梦想，而其他网民则表示他们会选择坚持到底，因此猜测该短语意为“坚持到底，永不放弃”。故选B。CFromlunchboxesanddrinkingbottlestofurnitureandclothes,plasticisusedtomakelotsofeverydaythings.Whenthesethingsarethrownaway,someofthemendupintheseas.Theplastictakeshundredsofyearstobreakdown.Biodegradable(可生物降解的)plasticswereinventedtodealwiththisproblem.Biodegradableplasticscanbreakdownnaturally,butthenewproblemistheycannotbreakdowncompletelyinthesea.Instead,theybreakdownintoverysmallpiecescalledmicroplastics,whichareofteneatenbyfish,birdsandotheranimals.Themicroplasticsareknowntobeharmful.Recently,scientistshaveinventedanewkindofplasticwhichcouldhelpsolvethismicroplasticproblem.ItwascreatedbyresearchersattheRIKENCentreforEmergentMatterScienceinJapan.Unlikeotherbiodegradableplastics,thenewplasticfullydissolves(溶解)insaltyseawater.Whenthenewplasticdissolves,itbreaksupintotheseparatesubstances(物质).Andthensmalllivingthingsinseawatercanbreakthemdowncompletely.Studieshaveshownthattheplasticcanbreakdowninafewhoursinseawater,andinaround10daysinsoil.Thenewplastichasotherbenefits,too.Itisnotpoisonous.Whenitisburned,thegas(气体)itproduceswon’tpollutetheenvironment.Theplasticcanbemadehardorshapedintodifferentformsattemperaturesabove120℃,soitcouldbeusedtomakevariouskindsofthings.TakuzoAida,wholedtheresearch,saidthenewplasticis“strongandrecyclable”,andcanbeusedinlotsofways,forexample,inreplacingsingle-useplastics.JoaquinMartinezUrreaga,fromPolytechnicUniversityofMadrid,calledtheidea“apromisingproducttodealwithmarinepollution”.34．Whatisthedisadvantageofbiodegradableplastics?A．They’reunabletobreakdownnaturally.B．Theyusedmuchseawatertobreakdown.C．Ittakeslongtimeforthemtobreakdown.D．Themicroplasticstheyproduceharmanimals.35．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”refertoinParagraph3?A．Themicroplastics. B．Separatesubstances. C．Smalllivingthings. D．Biodegradableplastics.36．Howdoesthepassageshowthebenefitsofthenewkindofplastic?①Bytellingstories.②Byraisingquestions.③Bygivingfacts.④Byofferingopinions.A．①③ B．①② C．③④ D．②④37．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Totellthevalueofplastic. B．Toshowtheproductsofplastic.C．Tointroduceanewkindofplastic. D．Toexplaintheproblemsofplastic.【答案】34．D35．B36．C37．C【导语】本文是介绍一种新型塑料。34．细节理解题。根据“Biodegradableplasticscanbreakdownnaturally,butthenewproblemistheycannotbreakdowncompletelyinthesea.Instead,theybreakdownintoverysmallpiecescalledmicroplastics,whichareofteneatenbyfish,birdsandotheranimals.Themicroplasticsareknowntobeharmful.”可知生物降解塑料可以自然分解，但新的问题在于它们无法在海中完全分解。相反，它们会分解成非常微小的碎片，这些碎片被称为微塑料，经常被鱼类、鸟类和其他动物吞食，微塑料是有害的。故选D。35．词句猜测题。根据“Unlikeotherbiodegradableplastics,thenewplasticfullydissolves(溶解)insaltyseawater.Whenthenewplasticdissolves,itbreaksupintotheseparatesubstances(物质).Andthensmalllivingthingsinseawatercanbreakthemdowncompletely.”可知与其他生物降解塑料不同，这种新型塑料能在咸海水中完全溶解。当这种新型塑料溶解时，它会分解成独立的物质。然后，海水中的微小生物可以完全将这些物质分解。因此them指代“独立的物质”，故选B。36．推理判断题。文章中提到“Studieshaveshownthattheplasticcanbreakdowninafewhoursinseawater,andinaround10daysinsoil.”这是通过给出事实来展示新型塑料的好处。同时，文章还引用了研究人员的意见，如“TakuzoAida,wholedtheresearch,saidthenewplasticis‘strongandrecyclable’,andcanbeusedinlotsofways,forexample,inreplacingsingle-useplastics.”和“JoaquinMartinezUrreaga,fromPolytechnicUniversityofMadrid,calledtheidea‘apromisingproducttodealwithmarinepollution’.”这是通过提供意见来展示新型塑料的好处。故选C。37．主旨大意题。文章从可生物降解塑料的问题出发，引出了新型塑料的发明及其优点，因此文章的主要目的是介绍一种新型塑料。故选C。DLYINGFLATFORSPACESCIENCEYouwouldthinkthatnoonewouldpaysomeonejusttolieinbed.However,thisisexactlywhathappenedinarecentexperimentheldbytheEuropeanSpaceAgency.Theywantedtostudyhowlivinginspacecouldinfluenceanastronaut’sbody.Thevolunteerscan’tleavetheirbedsduringthetwo-monthstudy.Thisexperimentiscalled“Bedrest”.Let’stakealook.Whatdothevolunteersdo?Thevolunteersinclude12menagedbetween20and45.Thebedistilted(倾斜)towardstheheadend,usuallyat6degrees.Atleastoneshouldershouldbetouchingthebedatalltimes,includingduringmeals,showersandtoiletvisits.Theresearchersmonitorhowtheirbodiesreact.Whyupside-down?Thevolunteersareinaslightlyupside-downposition,andbloodstartstorushtotheirheads.Theirmovesarelimitedsotheirmusclesarebecomingweaker.Thisiswhatastronautsexperienceinspaceduringlongstayswithoutgravity(重力).Thispositionallowsresearcherstotestmethodstofightagainstnegativeaspectsoflivinginspace.Agroupofvolunteersarealsoaskedto“cycle”inbed.Abike-likemachineisputattheirfeet,andtheirlegsmoveasifridingarealbike.Thisisacommonexerciseonspacestations.38．Howlongshouldthevolunteersstayinbedduringthestudy?A．20days. B．30days. C．45days. D．60days.39．Whatinformationcanyoulearnfromthisexperiment?A．ItwasorganizedbytheAmericanSpaceAgency.B．It’sacommonsporttoridearealbikeonspacestations.C．Therewerebothyoungwomenandmenvolunteersintheexperiment.D．Thevolunteercouldn’tlethisshouldersleavethebedatthesametime.40．Whydidtheresearchersdotheexperiment?A．Theywantedtochoosethebestastronautsforthespacetravel.B．Theytriedtofindoutwaystohelpastronautsliveinspacebetter.C．Theywantedtotestiftheastronautscouldfinishthespacetravel.D．Theywantedtodesignproperbedsforastronautstorestinspace.【答案】38．D39．D40．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲航天局近期进行了一项独特实验，志愿者们需在床上静躺长达两个月，以模拟宇航员在太空中的生活状态。38．细节理解题。根据“Theywantedtostudyhowlivinginspacecouldinfluenceanastronaut’sbody.Thevolunteerscan’tleavetheirbedsduringthetwo-monthstudy.”可知，在这项为期两个月的研究中志愿者不能离开他们的床，两个月即60天。故选D。39．细节理解题。根据“Thebedistilted(倾斜)towardstheheadend,usuallyat6degrees.Atleastoneshouldershouldbetouchingthebedatalltimes,includingduringmeals,showersandtoiletvisits.”可知，床头端倾斜，至少一只肩膀在任何时候都要接触床，包括吃饭、洗澡和上厕所的时候，即志愿者不能同时让双肩离开床。故选D。40．细节理解题。根据“Thispositionallowsresearcherstotestmethodstofightagainstnegativeaspectsoflivinginspace.”可知，这个实验中志愿者处于微微倒置的状态，血液开始涌向头部，他们的行动受限肌肉变得虚弱，这是宇航员在太空中长时间无重力停留时会经历的情况，研究人员这样做是为了测试对抗太空生活负面影响的方法，也就是试图找出帮助宇航员更好地在太空生活的方法。故选B。第二节、阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入41～45各题空白处的最佳选项。Youngpeopleenjoydifferentkindsofdrinks,thoughtheyknowhowbaddrinksarefortheirhealth.Whataboutyou?41ChrisBailey,apopularblogger(博客作者),triedthisout.Hereiswhathefinds.First,youloseweightfaster.Yeah,youdo!Youdon’thavetoexercisebutjustkeepawayfromdrinksfor9days.42Sowritedownyourresolution(决心)onapieceofpaperandputitonthewall.Andyouwillseetheresultsoon.Sometimeswhenyouhavetostayupforatest,acupofteaorcoffeeisusuallyputatthesideofyourdesk.Butdoyouknow75to85percentofyourbrainiswater?Nothingelse!Justbydrinkingwater,yourbraincanworkefficiently(有效率地).4344Sodrinkingenoughwatercanstopyoufromgettingoldquickly.Ifyouwanttolookyoungandbeautifulaslongaspossible,drinkaglassofwaterrightnow!Keepondoingitforlonger,andyouwillbesurprisedtotouchyoursoftandcleanskin.Lastly,yousavemoney!45Thepriceofwaterismuchlowerthanthatofotherdrinks.Drink5glassesofwatereveryday,orspendmoneyvisitingdoctors.Thinkaboutit!So,whatareyouwaitingfor?A．Itisthesameasrunningfor8kilometersaday!B．Youmayrememberthingsquicklyandwell.C．Whatwillhappentoyouifwatertakestheplaceofalldrinks?D．What’smore,waterwashesoutsomethingbadinyourbody.E．Drinkingwaterischeapandeasy.【答案】41．C42．A43．B44．D45．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过ChrisBailey的体验结果介绍了戒饮料只喝水的益处。41．根据“ChrisBailey,apopularblogger(博客作者),triedthisout.”可知，此处提出了关于饮品的建议，选项C“如果水代替了所有的饮料，你会怎么样？”符合语境。故选C。42．根据“First,youloseweightfaster.Yeah,youdo!Youdon’thavetoexercisebutjustkeepawayfromdrinksfor9days.”可知，不必锻炼，只需要喝水，就可以起到减肥的效果，说明喝水与锻炼的效果一样，选项A“这和每天跑8公里是一样的！”符合语境。故选A。43．根据“Nothingelse!Justbydrinkingwater,yourbraincanworkefficiently”可知，只要喝水就能保持大脑高效工作，选项B“你可以很快很好地记住事情。”符合语境。故选B。44．根据“Sodrinkingenoughwatercanstopyoufromgettingoldquickly.”可知，喝足够的水可以防止快速衰老，说明水具有给身体排毒的功能，选项D“更重要的是，水会洗去你身体里的一些有害物质。”符合语境。故选D。45．根据“Thepriceofwaterismuchlowerthanthatofotherdrinks.”可知，水的价格比其他饮料的价格低得多，选项E“饮用水既便宜又容易。”符合语境。故选E。四、写作（共三节，满分30分）第一节

语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。TeacomesfromChina.Manypeoplearoundtheworldenjoyacupofteaeveryday.Thissimpledrinkplaysanimportantroleinmanycountries.Onegreatachievementofteaisitsabilitytobringpeopletogether.Wheneverthereisafestivaltoc46,peopleoftengatherforateaparty.Teaisgoodforhealth,too.Itismadefromthel47ofplant.Greentea,blacktea,andwhiteteaarejustafewexamples.Eachkindhasitsownspecialcolor,smellandgoodness,thusmakingteaapartofab48diettohelppeoplekeepfit.Teaisnotonlyveryp49inourhomelandChina,butalsolovedbymanypeoplea50.Forexample,inBritain,peopleenjoyafternoonteawithsmallsandwichesandcakes.AndinJapan,theteaceremonyisafamoustradition.Inconclusion,teaismorethanjustadrink.Teacultureisoneofthemostinfluentialculturesaroundtheworld.【答案】46．(c)elebrate47．(l)eaves48．(b)alanced49．(p)opular50．(a)broad【导语】本文主要介绍了茶在世界各地的重要性。46．句意：每当有节日要庆祝时，人们常聚在一起举办茶话会。根据“Wheneverthereisafestivalto...”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“庆祝节日”。celebrate“庆祝”，不定式后接动词原形。故填(c)elebrate。47．句意：它是由植物的叶子制成的。根据“Itismadefromthe...ofplant.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“植物的叶子”。leaf“叶子”，此处应用复数leaves。故填(l)eaves。48．句意：每一种都有其独特的颜色、气味和益处，因此使茶成为均衡饮食的一部分，帮助人们保持健康。根据“makingteaapartofa...diettohelppeoplekeepfit”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“均衡饮食”。balanced“均衡的”，修饰名词diet。故填(b)alanced。49．句意：茶不仅在我们的祖国中国非常受欢迎，而且也深受世界各地许多人的喜爱。根据“Teaisnotonlyvery...inourhomelandChina”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“很受欢迎”。popular“受欢迎的”。故填(p)opular。50．句意：茶不仅在我们的祖国中国非常受欢迎，而且也深受世界各地许多人的喜爱。根据“Forexample,inBritain,”可知，此处表示“在国外也收到喜爱”。abroad“在国外”。故填(a)broad。第二节

完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据所给的汉语意思，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）51．去年，Ann被选为去中国交流的学生之一。AnntobeoneoftheexchangestudentstogotoChinalastyear.【答案】waschosen【详解】bechosentobe“被选为”，根据“lastyear”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，主语“Ann”是单数，be动词用was。故填waschosen。52．她期待来中国体验文化习俗。SheChinesecultureandcustoms.