河南省郑州市2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次质量预测（一模）英语试题 含解析

郑州市2025年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语试题卷本试卷分四部分，考试时间120分钟，满分150分（听力成绩算作参考分）。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthewomangotothehospital?A.Bytaxi. B.Bybus. C.Bycar.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wouldyoucallataxitotakemetothehospital?Icancatchabusthatlate.M:Callataxi?I’lldriveyouthereinmycar.W:Thanksalot.2.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthespeakersprobablygettothetheater?A.At6:30. B.At6:45. C.At7:00.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:We’llhavetohurryifwedon’twanttomissthebeginningofthefilm.M:What’sthetimenow?W:It’salreadysixthirty.M:Well,ittakesonlyfifteenminutestogettothetheater,andthefilmdoesn’tbeginuntilseveno’clock.Okay,I’mready.Let’sgo.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisMary?A.Aworker. B.Astudent. C.Asalesgirl.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Maryisgettingaparttimejobinasupermarketorafactorynextweek.W:Shouldn’tsheconcentrateonherschoolworkinstead?M:Ithinkyouarequiteright.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thelanguagethemanusesinclass.B.ThereasonwhythemanteachesEnglish.C.Thewaythemanlearnsaforeignlanguage.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:ToteachthosestudentsEnglish,doyouhavetospeaktheirlanguagequitewell?M:No,quitetheopposite.TheyimprovegreatlywhentheclassisorganizedinEnglish.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Bossandemployee. C.Waiterandguest.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hellolady.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Well,I’maguestofroom524.I’mintownvisitingforafewdays.IneedtogetmycarrepairedbeforeIgotopickupmyteacher.M:Okay,thereisarepairshopnearby.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whereistheflat?A.Itisoppositeasupermarket.B.Itisfarfromasubwaystation.C.Itisasixminutes'walkfromapark.7.Whatwillthewomandoat5:00p.m.today?A.Gotorenttheflat. B.Payavisittotheflat. C.Showthemanaroundtheflat.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,two,two,three,zero,five,zero,five,fiveM:Hello.I’mphoningabouttheflat.W:Well,whatwouldyouliketoknow?M:Canyoutellmewhereitis,please?W:Well,theflatisinWellington.We’reacrossfromasupermarketandasixminuteswalkfromthesubwayanditisnottoofarfromaparkM:Andhowmuchistherent?W:500dollarsamonthM:Isee.CanIgoandseetheflatthisafternoon?Aboutfouro’clock.W:Fiveo’clockwillbefine.I’llseeyouthen.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhydidBobcallNancy?A.Toaskherforaticket. B.Toinvitehertoaconcert. C.Tohelphercleanherhouse.9.WhatwillNancydotomorrowmorning?A.Gotothemovies. B.Seeafriend. C.Enjoysomemusic.10.WhenwillNancygotoatennismatch?A.Thisevening. B.Tomorrowevening. C.NextSaturdayafternoon.【答案】8.B9.B10.C【解析】【原文】M:HelloNancy.ThisisBob.Howareyou?W:Fine,thankyou.Abittoobusythough.YouknowI’mtryingtoputeverythinginorderinmynewhouse.M:Oh,Isee.Well,Iwaswonderingifyou’dliketogotoaconcerttomorrowevening.AndifIremembercorrectly,youdidsayyoulikecountrymusic.W:Yes,that’sright,butIdon’tthinkIcan.Margarethasalreadyaskedmetoseeafriendtomorrowmorningandthenwe’regoingtothemoviesintheevening.Infact,shehasgottheticketsfortomorrowevening.M:WhataboutnextSaturday?W:Well,Ihaveatennismatchthatafternoon.Itwillbeoverbyfiveo’clock.M:Theconcertstartsat7:30PM.W:That’llbefine.M:I’llcallyouwhenIgetthetickets.W:Okay,byefornow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhathappenedtoAnniewhenshewas13?A.Shelosthersight. B.Shefelloffthebike. C.Shedroppedoutofschool.12.HowdidSusanraisemoney?A.Byridingabike. B.ByinvitingAnnie. C.Bypersuadingsocialmedia.13.HowlongdidittakeAnnietofinishthetrip?A.Twoweeks. B.Threeweeks. C.Fiveweeks.【答案】11.A12.A13.C【解析】【原文】M:Intheprogramtoday,wehave14-year-oldSusan.Susanhasjustcompletedalongbikerideonherowninordertohelpthefamiliesofblindchildren.Susan,whydidyoudecidetomakethistrip?W:Well,itstartedbecausemyfriendAnniehadanaccidentlastyearandlosthersight.Shewasonly13thenandIsawallofthestresstheaccidentputonherfamily.IjustthoughtfamilieslikeAnnie’sneededhelp.M:Andwhyabikeride?W:AnnieandIusedtogobikingtogether,soIthoughtshewouldappreciateit.M:Howdidyougetpeopletogivemoney?W:Ipostedinformationonsocialmedia,butIalsowentdoortodoorinmytownjustexplainingwhatIwasdoingandhowpeoplecouldhelp.M:Sohowlongdidthetriptake?W:Ittookmetwoweekstofinishthefirstpartofthetripandanotherthreeweekstocompletetherest.Intheend,Iraisednearly20,000pounds,anddonationsarestillcomingin.People’skindnessisjustamazing.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whateventisthemangoingtoattendtomorrow?A.Awedding. B.Ameeting. C.Aninterview.15.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hechangedhisshoes. B.Hehadasuitadjusted. C.Heboughtsomeclothes.16.Whatcolorofshoeswillthemanbuy?A.Blue. B.Black. C.Brown.17.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atashop. B.Atthetailor’s. C.Athome.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Jamie,doyouhaveyourclothesreadyforyourfriend’sweddingtomorrow?M:Almost,Sandra.Thebluesuitfromlasttimeisstillgood.JustneededalittleadjustingandIhaditdoneatthetailor’syesterday.ButIhavetogetnewshoesforthewedding.TheonesIboughtlasttimearenotreallyinfashionanymore.Plus,IwanttomakesureIlooksmartfortheinterviewnextSunday.W:Thosebrownshoes,Ithinktheyarequitemodern.Youevenworethemtothelastbigmeetingandeveryonecommentedonhowgoodyoulooked.M:Icomparedthemtosomeofthelateststylesandtheydon’tlookthatmodernanymore.Theblackcolorisinfashionnow.W:Isupposeyou’reright.Stylesdochangefairlyquicklyafterwefinishthehousework.Let’sgoshopping.M:OK.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hostingaprogram. B.Teachingamusicclass. C.Talkingabouttechnology.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutmusictechnology?A.Itcanimprovesingingskills.B.Itcanturnsoundsintomusicalnotes.C.Itcanautomaticallycorrectmistakes.20.Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetowardmusictechnology?A.Positive. B.Critical. C.Doubtful.【答案】18A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Welcomeeveryonetoourradioprogramtoday.We’regoingtotalkabouthowtechnologyischangingthewaymusicismade.Inthepast,musiciansonlyusepenandpapertowritetheirmusic.Butnow,withcomputerandphoneapps,creatingmusichasbecomemucheasier.Musicianscansimplysingasong,andthentheseappswillturnitintomusicalnotes.Andthat’snotall.Thesemodernappshavesomereallycoolfunctions.Whenmusiciansmakemistakes,theseappsalsoallowthemtoedittheirmusicwithjustafewtapsonthescreen.Theycanmovethingsaround,tryoutdifferentsounds,andcreatemusiclikethey’reinarecordingplace,allfromtheirphones.Soeventhoughsomemusiciansstillliketowritemusicbyhand,technologyhasreallychangedthegame.It’sanexcitingtimetobeamusician,withsomanynewpossibilitieswaitingtobeexplored.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe9thAsianWinterGameswillkickoffonFebruary7,2025inHarbin,Heilongjiangprovince.Therewillbe34countriesandregions—themostintheevent’shistory—takingpartintheGames.HerearesomefunfactsabouttheGames.Torch(火炬)Thetorchstands735mmtallandisinspiredbyabeautifullilac(丁香花),Harbin’scityflower.Thethemeofitsdesign,“Surging”,aimstoexpressthestrongenergyoflifeinnature.Itshowsthatthe9thAsianWinterGameswillbefilledwithenthusiasmandpassion.Thedesignofthetorchtakestheformofafloweringlilac,integratingcolorssuchasChinaRed,LilacPurpleandSnowWhite,symbolizingthesincerity,warmth,openness,andinclusivenessofHeilongjiangprovinceandthecharacteristicsofthehostcity,Harbin.Emblem(徽章)Theemblem,named“Breakthrough”,combinessymbolsofshorttrackspeedskaters,flowingribbons(丝带)andlilacs.Itscolors,inshadesofblueandpurple,reflectthebeautyofsunlightoniceandsnow.Thefigure’sshapelooksliketheChinesecharacter“九”,representingthe9thGames,and“合”,representingunityandfriendship.Throughthisemblem,HarbinextendsawarmwelcomeandexpresseshopesforsharedgrowthamongAsiancountries.Mascots(吉祥物)ThemascotsfortheGames,BinbinandNini,aretwolovableSiberiantigers.Binbinrepresentsicesportsandwearsiceskates,whileNini,representingsnowsports,ridesasnowboard.Theirnames—“Binbin”from“Harbin”and“Nini”fromtheChinesewordfor“you”—cometogethertoformamessage:“Harbinwelcomesyou!”ThesetigermascotswereinspiredbytworealtigersborninHarbinandrepresentvaluesofstrength,courageandpositivity.EventsTheupcomingGameswillfeature64eventsintotal,with31%makingtheirfirstappearance,includingneweventsinspeedskating,shorttrackspeedskatingandskimountaineering.Notably,skimountaineeringwillalsobeincludedintheMilanoCortina2026WinterOlympics,makingtheAsianWinterGamesatestinggroundforthesport.21.Wheredidtheideaforthetorchcomefrom?A.AcuteanimalinSiberia. B.Aspeediceskaterinaction.C.Aflowingribboninthewind. D.Abeautifulflowerofthehostcity.22.Whatcommonmessagedotheemblemandthemascotscarry?A.Asharedfuture. B.Awarmwelcome.C.Unityandfriendship. D.Courageandpositivity.23.WhatisspecialabouttheupcomingGames?A.OneoftheeventswillbeincludedintheOlympics.B.Thenumberofathleteparticipantswillbreaktherecord.C.HalfoftheeventswillappearattheGamesforthefirsttime.D.ManyneweventswillbetestedfortheOlympicsattheGames.【答案】21.D22.B23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了2025年第九届亚洲冬季运动会的相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章Torch(火炬)部分中“Thetorchstands735mmtallandisinspiredbyabeautifullilac(丁香花),Harbin’scityflower.(火炬高735毫米，设计灵感来源于哈尔滨的市花——美丽的丁香花。)”可知，火炬的设计灵感来自于主办城市哈尔滨的市花——丁香花。故选D。【22题详解】推理判断题。由文章Emblem(徽章)部分中“Throughthisemblem,HarbinextendsawarmwelcomeandexpresseshopesforsharedgrowthamongAsiancountries.(通过这个会徽，哈尔滨向亚洲各国发出了热情的邀请，并表达了共同成长的愿望。)”和Mascots(吉祥物)部分中“Theirnames—“Binbin”from“Harbin”and“Nini”fromtheChinesewordfor“you”—cometogethertoformamessage:“Harbinwelcomesyou!”(它们的名字分别取自“哈尔滨”的“滨”和中文“你”的“妮”，合起来寓意“哈尔滨欢迎你！”。)”可知，二者共同传递了“热烈的欢迎”。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“TheupcomingGameswillfeature64eventsintotal,with31%makingtheirfirstappearance,includingneweventsinspeedskating,shorttrackspeedskatingandskimountaineering.Notably,skimountaineeringwillalsobeincludedintheMilanoCortina2026WinterOlympics,makingtheAsianWinterGamesatestinggroundforthesport.(即将到来的运动会将总共设置64个比赛项目，其中31%为首次亮相的项目，包括速度滑冰、短道速滑和滑雪登山等新增项目。值得注意的是，滑雪登山也将被纳入2026年米兰科尔蒂纳冬奥会，这使得亚洲冬季运动会成为该项目的试验场。)”可知，特别之处在于其中一个项目滑雪登山，将被列入奥运会。故选A。BAfewyearsago,weboughtaLegoTajMahal(泰姬陵)formydad’sbirthday,hopingtocombinehisloveforarchitecturewithfamilytime.Eachevening,mydadandIgatheredaroundthelargediningtabletobuildthemodel.Wefacedthousandsoftinywhitepieces,eachpackagedwithprecisioninnumberedplasticbags,accompaniedbyathickinstructionbook.Theeveningspassedquickly,andthebuildingrosebeforeoureyes.Wecouldseeoureffortsproducinggoodresults,andasweturnedtotheboringtaskoforderingthecoloredbricksonthebuilding’sfloor,ourconversationtootookaturn.Wewereamazedbyhowcomplexthemodelwasanditsinstructionbook.Werealizedthebookitselfwasaworkofart,beautiful,butalsosurprisinglydetailedandclear.Itprovideduswiththecomfortofcertainty.Weknewifwefollowedalltheinstructions,wewouldendupwithamodelthatlookedexactlylikethepictureonthebox.Ifwemadeamistake,allwehadtodowastorepeatourstepsandstartagain.Life,however,doesnotfittogethersoneatlyandrarelyprovidesuswithsuchclearinstructions.Wetalkedoverourrespectivelives,decisionsmade,andactionsandchoicesnevertaken.Dadreflectedonalifewelllived,andI,inmymid-thirties,ontheuncertainpaththatlayahead.Here,weweretheexpertarchitectsdoingtheassembling(组装),butoutintheworld,weweretheonesbeingassembled.Wethinkwe’reincontrol,butourchoicesareshapedbyforcesbeyondourcontrol.Inthefaceofuncertainty,wehavetoproceed,trustingbothintheprocessandtheendresult.Sometimes,onthedaysIreturnhome,IgotothespareroomtolookatthecompletedLegomodel,whichbringsforthasenseofhappinessandcomfort.Itremindsmethatlifeisbuiltslowly,withmistakes,anelementofuncertaintyandnoinstructionbook.Itshowsthatconsideration,warmthandfaithwillresultinalifewelllived.Lifeitselfisnotaboutwhatwemateriallycreateorleavebehind,butratherhowwelivedit.24.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sexperienceofbuildingtheLegomodel?A.Simpleanduninteresting. B.Imaginativeandenjoyable.C.Complicatedandrewarding. D.Challenginganddiscouraging.25.WhatdoestheauthorlearnfromassemblingtheLegomodel?A.Liferequirestobeplannedcarefully. B.Lifedoesn’tcomewithclearguidance.C.Mistakesinlifecanalwaysbecorrected. D.Life’suncertaintymakesitmoreexciting.26.Howdoestheauthorsuggestwedealwithuncertaintyinlife?A.Byavoidingmakinganychoice. B.Byfocusingoninstantendresults.C.Byseekinginstructionsfromothers. D.Bymovingforwardwithconfidence.27.WhatdoesthecompletedLegomodelmeantotheauthor?A.Thevalueofhardworkinlife. B.Theachievementoflifegoals.C.Thejourneyoflivingone’slife. D.Thejoyofstayingwithfamilies.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了和父亲一起搭建泰姬陵乐高模型的经历，并由此引发对生活的思考，乐高模型有明确的说明书，但生活没有，尽管充满不确定性，我们也要带着信心前行。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Wefacedthousandsoftinywhitepieces,eachpackagedwithprecisioninnumberedplasticbags,accompaniedbyathickinstructionbook.Theeveningspassedquickly,andthebuildingrosebeforeoureyes.Wecouldseeoureffortsproducinggoodresults,andasweturnedtotheboringtaskoforderingthecoloredbricksonthebuilding’sfloor,ourconversationtootookaturn.(我们面对着成千上万的白色小零件，每一个都用精确编号的塑料袋包装着，附有一本厚厚的说明书。夜晚过得很快，那座建筑在我们眼前升起。我们可以看到我们的努力产生了良好的效果，当我们转向订购大楼地板上的彩色砖块的无聊任务时，我们的谈话也发生了变化)”可知，搭建乐高面对数千个小小的白色积木，可推理出这个过程是复杂的；同时因搭建的建筑物在我们眼前逐渐升起，我们能看到努力正在结出果实，即作者搭建乐高模型的经历复杂而有益。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Life,however,doesnotfittogethersoneatlyandrarelyprovidesuswithsuchclearinstructions.Wetalkedoverourrespectivelives,decisionsmade,andactionsandchoicesnevertaken.(然而，生活并没有如此整齐地结合在一起，也很少给我们提供如此清晰的指示。我们谈论各自的生活，所做的决定，以及从未采取的行动和选择)”可知，作者从组装乐高模型中学到了人生没有明确的指引。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Inthefaceofuncertainty,wehavetomoveon,trustingbotintheprocessandtheendresult(面对不确定性，我们必须继续前进，既相信过程也相信最终结果)”可知，作者建议我们充满信心地前进来处理生活中的不确定性。故选D。27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sometimes,onthedaysIreturnhome,IgotothespareroomtolookatthecompletedLegomodel,whichbringsforthasenseofhappinessandcomfort.Itremindsmethatlifeisbuiltslowly,withmistakes,anelementofuncertaintyandnoinstructionbook.Itshowsthatconsideration,warmthandfaithwillresultinalifewelllived.Lifeitselfisnotaboutwhatwemateriallycreateorleavebehind,butratherhowwelivedit.(有时，在我回家的日子里，我去空余的房间看完成的乐高模型，这带来了一种幸福和舒适的感觉。它提醒我，生活是慢慢建立起来的，充满了错误，不确定因素，没有说明书。它表明，体贴，温暖和信念会导致一个美好的生活。生活本身不在于我们创造了什么或留下了什么，而在于我们如何生活)”可知作者认为看见完成的乐高模型，让作者想起生活是慢慢构建的，有错误，有不确定性因素，生活本身不在于我们物质上创造或留下的东西，而在于我们如何度过它，可推理出对作者来说完成的乐高模型象征着人生之旅，故选C。CArtificialintelligence(AI)mightbethebiggestwinneroftheNobelPrizein2024.USscientistJohnHopfieldandBritish-CanadianGeoffreyHintonwonthe2024NobelPrizeinphysicsfordiscoveriesandinventionsinmachinelearningthatpavedthewayfortheAIrapidgrowth,accordingtoReuters.In1982,Hopfieldcreatedanetworkthathelpscomputersstoreandrecallpatterns,similartohowourbrainsrememberthings.Ayearlater,HintondevelopedtheBoltzmannmachine,whichallowscomputerstolearnindependentlytoreoognizepatternsindata,suchasidentifyingspecificobjectsinimages.AsfortheNobelPrizeinchemistry,USscientistsDavidBakerandJohnJumper,alongwithBritishcomputerscientistDemisHassabis,wontheprize.HalftheprizewasawardedtoBaker“forcomputationalproteindesign”whiletheotherhalfwassharedbyJumperandHassabisfortheirdevelopmentoftheAImodelAlphaFold2.Scientistsstruggledfordecadestopredicthowproteinsfoldintotheir3Dshapesthatdeterminetheirfunction.However,AlphaFold2,developedbyAIresearchlaboratoryDeepMind,canaccuratelypredictthe3Dstructuresofnearlyallknownproteins,showinggreatpotentialinthefieldofdrugdevelopment.“AIcanbeapowerfultoolforsolvingproblemsthatinvolveobtainingoutputsfrominputs,showingitsgreatpotentialinscientificresearch,”ProfessorYangMaojunfromTsinghuaUniversitytoldScienceandTechnologyDaily.Inhisview,AIapplicationsarenotlimitedtofieldslikebiology,chemistryorphysics.TheirrangemainlydependsonhowwellproblemsfromtherealworldcanbeabstractedintoaformthatAIcanlearnandprocess,andwhetherthereissufficientreal-worlddatatotrainandbuilddeeplearningnetworks.AI'simportanceinscientificresearchisincreasinglyevident.YangbelievesthatscientistsshouldactivelyacceptthistrendwhileremainingawareofAI'slimitations.HintonexpressedasimilarconcernattheNobelpressconference.“Wealsohavetoworryaboutanumberofpossiblebadconsequences,particularlythethreatofthesethingsgettingoutofcontrol,”hesaid.“Humanscarrytheresponsibilityforusingthisnewtechnologyinasafeandethical(合乎道德的)way,forthegreatestbenefitofhumankind,”saidEllenMoons,chairoftheNobelCommitteeforPhysics.28.WhatwasJohnHopfield’scontributiontothe2024NobelPrizeinphysics?A.Inventinganewlearningmachine. B.Designinganewtypeofdataprocessor.C.CreatinganAImodelforimageanalysis. D.Developinganetworkforpatternstorage.29.WhyisAlphaFold2importantinthefieldofdrugdevelopment?A.Itcanforecastproteinfoldingpatterns. B.Itcanproducenewproteinsfordruguse.C.Itcanidentifyproteinsrelatedtodiseases. D.Itcananalyzethegeneticordersofproteins.30.WhatmaydeterminethepotentialofAIapplicationsaccordingtoYangMaojun?A.TheaccuracyofAItrainingdata. B.Theeffectivenessofmachinelearning.C.Theavailabilityofenoughreal-worlddata. D.Thelevelofreal-worldproblemsettlement.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AIalsohasitsweakpoints. B.AIshouldbenefithumankind.C.AIstealstheshowattheNobelPrize. D.AImayrunoutofcontrolinthefuture.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述人工智能可能是今年诺贝尔奖的最大赢家。美国科学JohnHopfield和英裔加拿大人GeoffreyHinton获得了诺贝尔奖物理学奖，他们的发明为人工智能的快速发展铺平了道路。诺贝尔化学奖也有与人工智能相关的贡献。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In1982,Hopfieldcreatedanetworkthathelpscomputersstoreandrecallpatterns,similartohowourbrainsrememberthings.(1982年，Hopfield创建了一个网络，帮助计算机存储和回忆模式，类似于我们的大脑记忆事物的方式)”可知，JohnHopfield对2024年诺贝尔物理学奖的贡献是发明了一种存储模式的网络，故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Scientistsstruggledfordecadestopredicthowproteinsfoldintotheir3Dshapesthatdeterminetheirfunction.However,AlphaFold2,developedbyAIresearchlaboratoryDeepMind,canaccuratelypredictthe3Dstructuresofnearlyallknownproteins,showinggreatpotentialinthefieldofdrugdevelopment.(几十年来，科学家们一直在努力预测蛋白质如何折叠成决定其功能的3D形状。然而，人工智能研究实验室DeepMind开发的AlphaFold2可以准确预测几乎所有已知蛋白质的3D结构，在药物开发领域显示出巨大的潜力)”可知，AlphaFold2可以预测蛋白质的折叠模式，因此在药物开发领域非常重要，故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Inhisview,AIapplicationsarenotlimitedtofieldslikebiology,chemistryorphysics.TheirrangemainlydependsonhowwellproblemsfromtherealworldcanbeabstractedintoaformthatAIcanlearnandprocess,andwhetherthereissufficientreal-worlddatatotrainandbuilddeeplearningnetworks.(在他看来，人工智能的应用并不局限于生物、化学或物理等领域。它们的范围主要取决于现实世界中的问题能在多大程度上抽象成人工智能可以学习和处理的形式，以及是否有足够的现实世界数据来训练和构建深度学习网络)”可知，杨茂君认为足够的现实世界数据的可用性决定了人工智能应用的潜力，故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Artificialintelligence(AI)mightbethebiggestwinneroftheNobelPrizein2024.(人工智能可能是2024年诺贝尔奖的最大赢家)”可知，文章主要在围绕着AI在2024年诺贝尔奖中不但实现了零的突破，而且所占的比重很大来展开，所以C项“AIstealstheshowattheNobelPrize(人工智能在诺贝尔奖上抢尽风头)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。DAjourneytoItalyissettobecomeevenmoreexpensive.Lastsummer,thecountryintroducedaproposaltoraisethetouristtax.Currently,manyItaliancitieschargetaxesofupto5eurosonanovernightstay.Thenewplanintroducesatiered(阶梯式的)system:5eurospernightforeconomyroomsunder100euros,10eurosforstandardroomspricedbetween100and400euros,15eurosforhigh-endroomsrangingfrom400to750eurosand25eurosforluxuryaccommodationsabove750euros.Italy,withitsrichculturalheritageandamazingcoastlines,hasalwaysbeenatopspotfortourists.However,theincreasingnumberofvisitorsisbecomingoverwhelming.AccordingtotheWorldTourismOrganization,Italywelcomed57.2millionforeigntouristsin2023,whichhasledtoseveralissues.FortuneMagazinereportedloudnoise,crowdedspaces,importantshopsbeingreplacedbysouvenirstallsandrisingrentsdrivenbyapartmentsbeingchangedintoshort-termrentals(出租房).Thesuggestedtaxaimstotacklethechallengesposedbyovertourism.However,sometouristsareopposedtothehightax.“Increasingthetaxwouldbeprofiteering(牟取暴利).Iwouldgoelsewhere,toothercountriesthatdon’thavesuchatax,”FabeaWiegandfromSwitzerlandtoldFortuneMagazine.Whileintroducingatouristtaxisamethodusedbymanycountriestomanagetouristnumbers,itisessentialnottotakeittoextremes.TheEconømistemphasizesthecrucialrolepolicymakersplayindeterminingtheleveloftourismtax.Itisimportanttosetataxthatisaffordableformosttourists.Forinstance,Venicechargesadaypassofonly5euros.Despiteitssmallamount,thisfeecancontributetoenhancinglocalservicessuchaswastemanagementandheritagepreservation,benefitingbothresidentsandvisitors.Eventhoughhightaxmaypreventsometouristsfromgoingtocertaindestinations,tourismtaxis“notacausefordespair”forcountries,saidTheEconømist.Iftouristschooseotherdestinationsduetothetax,lesser-knownareascouldseizethechancetoattractvisitors.Meanwhile,populardestinationscouldadaptbypromotingmoreaffordablechoicestotourists,strikingabalancebetweenlocals’andvisitors’needsandpromotingsustainabletourism.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overwhelming”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Enormous. B.Powerful. C.Frightening. D.Confusing.33.WhydidItalyconsiderintroducingahighertax?A.TokeepvisitorsfromvisitingItaly.B.Toincreasetheprofitsfromtourism.C.Todealwithproblemscausedbyovertourism.D.Toreduceunfaircompetitioninthetourismindustry.34.WhatwasFabeaWiegand’sattitudetowardraisingthetouristtax?A.Objective. B.Disapproving. C.Sympathetic. D.Indifferent.35.WhatdoesTheEconomistthinkaboutthetouristtax?A.Itmaynegativelyaffectlocalservices. B.Itwillbeharmfultosustainabletourism.C.Itwillreducetheinflowofforeignvisitors. D.Itmaybebeneficialtolesspopulardestinations.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。意大利之旅将变得更加昂贵。去年夏天，该国提出了一项提高旅游税的提案。文章解释了这一举措背后的原因以及人们对此的看法。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Italy,withitsrichculturalheritageandamazingcoastlines,hasalwaysbeenatopspotfortourists.(意大利拥有丰富的文化遗产和迷人的海岸线，一直是游客的首选)”；后文“AccordingtotheWorldTourismOrganization,Italywelcomed57.2millionforeigntouristsin2023,whichhasledtoseveralissues.(根据世界旅游组织的数据，意大利在2023年接待了5720万外国游客，这导致了几个问题)”以及however表示转折，可知，意大利受游客欢迎，因为游客数量变得越来越巨大，所以导致了一些问题。故划线词意思是“巨大的”。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AccordingtotheWorldTourismOrganization,Italywelcomed57.2millionforeigntouristsin2023,whichhasledtoseveralissues.FortuneMagazinereportedloudnoise,crowdedspaces,importantshopsbeingreplacedbysouvenirstallsandrisingrentsdrivenbyapartmentsbeingchangedintoshort-termrentals(出租房).(根据世界旅游组织的数据，意大利在2023年接待了5720万外国游客，这导致了几个问题。《财富》杂志报道说，噪音大，空间拥挤，重要的商店被纪念品摊位取代，由于公寓被改成短租而导致租金上涨)”可知，意大利考虑征收更高的税收是为了解决过度旅游造成的问题。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Increasingthetaxwouldbeprofiteering(牟取暴利).Iwouldgoelsewhere,toothercountriesthatdon’thavesuchatax,”FabeaWiegandfromSwitzerlandtoldFortuneMagazine.(“增税就是牟取暴利。我会去其他地方，去其他没有这种税的国家，”来自瑞士的FabeaWiegan告诉《财富》杂志。)”可知，FabeaWiegand对提高旅游税是不赞成的。故选B。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Eventhoughhightaxmaypreventsometouristsfromgoingtocertaindestinations,tourismtaxis“notacausefordespair”forcountries,saidTheEconomist.Iftouristschooseotherdestinationsduetothetax,lesser-knownareascouldseizethechancetoattractvisitors.(《经济学人》表示，尽管高税收可能会阻止一些游客前往某些目的地，但对国家来说，旅游税“不是绝望的原因”。如果游客因为征税而选择其他目的地，不太知名的地区可以抓住机会吸引游客)”可知，《经济学人》认为旅游税可能对不太受欢迎的目的地有益。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenparentsareontheirphonesalot,whatwillhappentotheirkids?Parentswhostareattheirscreensinsteadoftalkingtotheirkidsaren’tjustmodelingpoorbehavior,buttheycouldbepreventingtheirchildren'slanguagedevelopment,anewstudyfound.Parentswhousescreensmorehavechildrenwhousescreensmore.Andthosechildrenhavealowertalentingrammarandvocabulary.Whenscreensareinuse,eitherbyaparentorachild,thereislesstalking,teachingandreadinginhouse-holds.___36___What’smore,whenkidswatchscreenswiththeirparents,thestudyfounditdoesn’thelptheirlanguageskills.___37___Forexample,kidsages24to30monthslearnnewverbswhentheyaretaughtthrougha