广西壮族自治区2023-2024学年高二下学期开学联合检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广西壮族自治区2023-2024学年高二下学期开学联合检测英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWithover70%ofthecountryblanketedinforest,BhutanisrichinoutdooractivitiesandcharmingvillagesthatshowcaseadistinctiveculturefoundnowhereelseontheEarth.HereareourpicksforthebestplacestoaddtoyourBhutantravelinglist.ParoLessthan10minutesawayfromtheairport,thehistoricriversidetownofParoisknownfortheNationalMuseum,RinpungDzongandsymbolicTiger’sNestMonastery.WanderalongParo’sstreetsandtheParoWeekendMarkettoexploreshopsandstandsofferinghandmadesouvenirs.Whenyou’veworkedupanappetite,stepintoanyrestaurantforfresh,handmademomodumplings.ThimphuInBhutan’scapitalcity,spendthedaycreatingyourownstampsattheBhutanPostalMuseum,touringthemassiveThimphu’smuseumsandwatchingpolicemenmanuallydirecttraffic(therearenotrafficlightsintheentirecity).Whenthesunsetsbelowthemountains,enjoyyourselfatbarslikeGreyArea,apopularartbarwithlivemusicwhereyoucanshout“tashidelek!”,aXizang’sexpressionforgoodluckandhealth.PunakhaBelovedforriversidefarmswherecowseatamongriceandpepperfields,Punakhaishometowhatisitsmostbeautifultemple,whichsitsalongthePunakhaRiver.Punakha’slowaltitudemeansittendstobehotterandsunnierthannearbytownsanddistricts,whichmeansyou’llneedtotakeprecautionstoavoidsunburn.KhomaFashionloverscanexpecttovisitbehindthecurtaininBhutan’stextilecenter,Khoma.IntheeasterndistrictofLhuentse,thisvillageishometoroughly1,000residents—andfewcars.Khoma’sartisansspendtheirdaysweavingdelicatepatternsanddesignsontraditionalBhutaneselooms(织布机),creatingcolorsfromthearea’smineralsandplants.21.WhatisrecommendedforvisitorstravelinginThimphu?A.Actingasapoliceman. B.Enjoyingthenightlife.C.Purchasingancientstamps. D.Tryinghandmadedumplings.22.WhatshouldvisitorscarrywhiletravelinginPunakha?A.Food. B.Lifejackets. C.Sunblock. D.Warmingclothing.23.Whichattractionbestsuitstouristswhoareinterestedintraditionalcrafts?A.Paro. B.Thimphu. C.Punakha. D.Khoma.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不丹的旅游目的地。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenthesunsetsbelowthemountains,enjoyyourselfatbarslikeGreyArea,apopularartbarwithlivemusicwhereyoucanshout“tashidelek!”,aXizang’sexpressionforgoodluckandhealth.(当太阳落山时，你可以在GreyArea这样的酒吧里尽情享受，这是一家很受欢迎的艺术酒吧，有现场音乐，你可以在那里大喊“tashidelek!”，这是西藏人对好运和健康的表达)”可知，建议在廷布旅游的游客享受夜生活。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Punakha’slowaltitudemeansittendstobehotterandsunnierthannearbytownsanddistricts,whichmeansyou’llneedtotakeprecautionstoavoidsunburn.(普纳卡的低海拔意味着它往往比附近的城镇和地区更热、更阳光，这意味着你需要采取预防措施，避免晒伤)”可知，游客在普纳卡旅行时应该携带防晒霜。故选C。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Khoma’sartisansspendtheirdaysweavingdelicatepatternsanddesignsontraditionalBhutaneselooms(织布机),creatingcolorsfromthearea’smineralsandplants.(科马的工匠们每天都在不丹传统的织布机上编织精美的图案和图案，用该地区的矿物和植物创造出色彩)”可知，Khoma最适合对传统工艺感兴趣的游客。故选D。BMs.McIntyre,38,workedasapublisher.Shesufferedbraincancerandherhealthgotworsedespitesomemedicaltreatment.Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory,knewthatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.Thegroupcanpayoffmedicalbillsforabout100timeslessmoneythantheycost.Inotherwords,forevery100donated,thegroupcanpayoff10,000inunpaidmedicalbills.Unfortunately,Ms.McIntyrepassedawaybeforelong.Mr.GregorypostedamessageforMs.McIntyreonhersocialmediaaccounts.“Ifyou’rereadingthis,Ihavepassedaway,”thepostbegan.Thenthepostexplained,“Tocelebratemylife,I’vearrangedtobuyupothers’medicaldebtsandthendestroythedebts.”Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.Mr.GregoryplannedaspecialeventinDecembertocelebrateMs.McIntyre’slifeandtoannouncehowmanymillionsofdollarsofmedicaldebtshereffortshadpaidfor.24.WhydidMs.McIntyrefeelluckierthansomeotherpeople?A.Thedoctorseventuallycuredher. B.Herdiseasedidn’tbecomeworse.C.Shehadadecentjobbeforebeingill. D.Shehadsecurityaboutmedicalcare.25.HowdidMs.McIntyreandherhusbandhelpothers?A.Bypayingfortheirdailydebts. B.Bygivingawaymoneytothem.C.Byriddingthemofdebtsfromtreatments. D.Bypurchasingmedicalinsuranceforthem.26.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thepublicinvolvement. B.Thecouple’scommitment.C.Theoperationofawebsite. D.Theincreaseofmedicaldebts.27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMs.McIntyre?A.Humorousandelegant. B.Influentialandunderstanding.C.Cautiousandpromising. D.Enthusiasticandadaptable.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了38岁的麦金太尔和丈夫建立了名为RIP医疗债务的组织，来帮助那些无力支付医疗债务的人。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.(但她意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他一些人幸运。她有保险来支付医疗费用)”可知，麦金太尔觉得自己比其他人幸运因为她有医疗保障。故选D。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.(尽管她的健康状况每况愈下，麦金太尔还是决定帮助尽可能多的人还清医疗债务。这对夫妇开始向一个名为RIP医疗债务的组织捐款，该组织致力于为他人偿还未付的医疗债务)”可知，麦金太尔女士和她的丈夫通过偿还他人的治疗债务帮助别人。故选C。【26题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.(这对夫妇在一个网站上建立了一个页面，为这个目的筹集资金。他们原本希望筹集到大约2万美元。尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)”可知，第四段的主要内容是公众参与。故选A。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory,knewthatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.(但麦金太尔和她的丈夫格雷戈里知道，许多癌症患者因为医疗费用而面临艰难的决定，最终欠下的钱远远超过了他们的支付能力)”可知，麦金太尔女士能够理解他人的处境，结合第四段“Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.(尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)”可知，麦金太尔女士很有影响力。故可推知，麦金太尔女士有影响力和理解他人。故选B。CCanyounameafamouselephant?Babar,perhaps?OrDumbo?Thoughthesenamesmaybememorabletohumans,theysoundnothinglikethenameselephantsgiveeachother.“Ifyou’reanelephant,yournameissomethingmorelikealow,rumblingsound(隆隆的声音),”scientistssay.ResearchershavefoundthatAfricanelephantsemitsoundsinresponsetoindividualsintheirsocialgroup,andthereceiversrespondaccordingly.Researchersrecorded527elephantcallsinnorthernKenyaand98callsinsouthernKenya.Theythendistinguishedwhichmemberswereseparatedfromtheherdatthetimeofeachcall,orwhichmemberswereclosetotheherd.Researcherscorrectlyidentifiedthereceiversof20.3%ofthe625recordedcalls.Thismarksastepforwardinunderstandinghowthesehighlyintelligentanimalscommunicate.“There’sacontactrumble,ananti-predatorrumbleandagreetingrumble.Ifyoulookataspectrogram(声谱图)withyoureyes,theyalllookalmostexactlythesame,”saidCaitlinO’Connell-Rodwell,anelephantbiologistatHarvardMedicalSchool.“That’swhyartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenexciting.Itallowsustoreallyfigureoutwhattheelephantsaresaying.”Asitturnedout,thecallsweredistincttothereceivers.Evencallsfromdifferentcallerstothesamereceiverweresimilar.Thepatternwaslessobviousthanitwasbetweenasinglecallerandhisorherreceiver.Thismaybebecauserumblesencodemultiplemessagesatthesametime,sotheAIsystemincomputermodelmaynothavebeenabletopickoutthe“name”usedineachcall.“Itjusthighlightsthecomplexityofwhat’sgoingon.Andwe’renotskilledenoughinthesemeasurementstofigureoutwhat’sgoingon,”saidCaitlin.However,theresearchshowshowelephantsarenavigatingthroughalargelandscapeandcanstillkeepintouchwithspecificindividuals.Itallowsthemtospreadoutmuchfurtherandstillhaveveryclosetabsonindividuals,notjustthegroup.28.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A.Elephantsseemtohavetheirownnames.B.Elephants’soundsdifferfromotherspecies.C.Elephants’namessoundexactlylikehumans’.D.Elephants’namessounddifferentfromeachother.29.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Bygroupingtheelephantsbasedonintelligence.B.Byobservingtheelephants’reactionstothecalls.C.Byanalyzingtherelationshipwithintheelephants.D.Bycopyingtheelephants’voicetocalltheirnames.30.WhatisthefunctionofAIintheresearch?A.Simplifyingtheprocess. B.Creatingaspectrogram.C.Lettingoutvariousrumbles. D.Makingouteachrumble.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdoelephantscontacteachother? B.Whydoelephantsmaketheirvoice?C.Doelephantsnameoneanother? D.Doelephantsliketobecalled?【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究显示了大象是如何在广阔的景观中导航的，并且仍然可以与特定的个体保持联系。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段““Ifyou’reanelephant,yournameissomethingmorelikealow,rumblingsound(隆隆的声音),”scientistssay.ResearchershavefoundthatAfricanelephantsemitsoundsinresponsetoindividualsintheirsocialgroup,andthereceiversrespondaccordingly.(科学家说：“如果你是一头大象，你的名字更像是一种低沉的隆隆声。”研究人员发现，非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应)”可推知，大象似乎有自己的名字。故选A。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchersrecorded527elephantcallsinnorthernKenyaand98callsinsouthernKenya.Theythendistinguishedwhichmemberswereseparatedfromtheherdatthetimeofeachcall,orwhichmemberswereclosetotheherd.Researcherscorrectlyidentifiedthereceiversof20.3%ofthe625recordedcalls.(研究人员在肯尼亚北部记录了527次大象的叫声，在肯尼亚南部记录了98次。然后，他们区分出在每次鸣叫时，哪些成员离开了鹿群，哪些成员离鹿群很近。在625个呼叫记录中，研究人员正确识别了20.3%的接收者)”可知，研究人员通过观察大象对叫声的反应进行他们的研究。故选B。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thismaybebecauserumblesencodemultiplemessagesatthesametime,sotheAIsystemincomputermodelmaynothavebeenabletopickoutthe“name”usedineachcall.(这可能是因为隆隆声同时编码了多个信息，所以计算机模型中的人工智能系统可能无法挑选出每个呼叫中使用的“名称”)”可知，人工智能在研究中的作用是辨认每一次隆隆声。故选D。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Canyounameafamouselephant?Babar,perhaps?OrDumbo?Thoughthesenamesmaybememorabletohumans,theysoundnothinglikethenameselephantsgiveeachother.(你能说出一头著名的大象的名字吗？可能是巴巴？还是丹波？虽然这些名字对人类来说可能很难忘，但它们听起来一点也不像大象给彼此起的名字)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究显示了大象是如何在广阔的景观中导航的，并且仍然可以与特定的个体保持联系。可知，C选项“大象会互相命名吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。DAsasayinggoes,you’reonlyasoldasyoufeel,butwhatifdifferentpartsofyourbodyagedatdifferentspeeds?Itturnsouttheydo.Thestudyabouttheageofourbodiesshowsthatdifferenttissuesinsideusareeffectivelydifferentages.In2012,ProfessorSteveHorvathattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,lookedatsomethingnew—DNAmethylation(甲基化),anaturallyoccurringprocessinwhichDNAischemicallychangedovertime.HorvathanalyzedtheDNAin8,000tissuesamplesfromdifferentpartsofthebodyindifferentpeopletostudythesemarkers.Whathefoundwasstriking—theamountofmethylationincellsfrommostpartsofthebodywasagoodpredictoroftheperson’sage.Buttherewereinconsistencies.Breasttissue,forinstance,agesrapidly,whereasmuscleagesslowly.Theratesofageingarealsodifferentinmenandwomen.“Therearemanymedicalimplications,fromcancertoprematureageingdiseases,”saysHorvath.Ithasalreadybeenestablishedthattissuethatlookssignificantlyoldercouldbecancerous.Horvath’sstudyfoundthatcanceroustissuehasabiologicalageonaverage36yearsolderthanasubject’sactualage.Couldthisknowledgehelpuslivelonger?“Ifthemarkersrelatetoaprocessthatcausesageing,thenitwouldbetheoreticallypossibletoslowdownageingbycarefullytargetingDNAmethylation,”saysHorvath.Butbeforescientistsgottoworkondealingwithmethylation,theyfirstneededtoestablishwhetherthesechangeswerethecauseofageingorjustabyproductofanotherprocess.Now,a2023studyfromtheUniversityofMichiganhasbackedupProfessorHorvath’sfindings,whichmeanstheycansafelymakefurtherstudiesofmethylation.“OurmainaimwastoseewhetherbiologicalageaccelerationmeasuredfromDNAmethylationwaspredictiveofhealthoutcomesanddeath,”saidresearchassociateprofessorJessicaFaul.“Itturnedoutthatitislargelythecase.YoucanusecertainDNAmethylationmarkerstopredictageandage-relatedoutcomesquitewell.”32.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadinthetopicofthetext. B.Tosummarizethewholetext.C.Tooffersuggestionstoreaders. D.Tostimulatereaderstoimagine.33.WhatdoweknowaboutHorvath’sdiscoveryaboutmethylation?A.Ithelpspeoplelivemuchlonger. B.Itdoesn’talwayspredictone’sage.C.Itexistsinsomepartsofone’sbody. D.Itcausesthedifferentratesofageing.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“backedup”inparagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Consulted. B.Contradicted. C.Approved. D.Predicted.35.HowdoesJessicaFaulfindDNAmethylationasapredictorofhealth?A.Avoidable. B.Unrealistic. C.Risky. D.Potential.【答案】32.A33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最新研究发现DNA甲基化可以帮助我们预测一个人的年龄，文章解释了研究开展的经过以及人们对此的看法。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Asasayinggoes,you’reonlyasoldasyoufeel,butwhatifdifferentpartsofyourbodyagedatdifferentspeeds?Itturnsouttheydo.Thestudyabouttheageofourbodiesshowsthatdifferenttissuesinsideusareeffectivelydifferentages.In2012,ProfessorSteveHorvathattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,lookedatsomethingnew—DNAmethylation(甲基化),anaturallyoccurringprocessinwhichDNAischemicallychangedovertime.(俗话说，你的年龄取决于你的感觉，但如果你身体的不同部位以不同的速度衰老呢？事实证明确实如此。关于我们身体年龄的研究表明，我们体内不同的组织实际上代表着不同的年龄。2012年，加州大学洛杉矶分校的史蒂夫·霍瓦特教授研究了一些新的现象——DNA甲基化，这是一种自然发生的过程，DNA随着时间的推移发生化学变化)”可知，第一段的目的是引出文章主题。故选A。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Buttherewereinconsistencies.Breasttissue,forinstance,agesrapidly,whereasmuscleagesslowly.Theratesofageingarealsodifferentinmenandwomen.(但也有不一致之处。例如，乳房组织衰老得很快，而肌肉衰老得很慢。男性和女性的老龄化速度也不同)”可知，霍瓦特关于甲基化的发现并不总是能预测一个人的年龄。故选B。【34题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“whichmeanstheycansafelymakefurtherstudiesofmethylation”可知，现在，密歇根大学2023年的一项研究意味着他们可以安全地对甲基化进行进一步的研究，说明这项研究支持了霍瓦特教授的发现，故划线词意思是“支持”。故选C。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““OurmainaimwastoseewhetherbiologicalageaccelerationmeasuredfromDNAmethylationwaspredictiveofhealthoutcomesanddeath,”saidresearchassociateprofessorJessicaFaul.“Itturnedoutthatitislargelythecase.YoucanusecertainDNAmethylationmarkerstopredictageandage-relatedoutcomesquitewell.”(研究副教授杰西卡·福尔说：“我们的主要目的是看看通过DNA甲基化测量的生物年龄加速是否能预测健康状况和死亡。”“事实证明，情况基本上是这样的。你可以使用某些DNA甲基化标记来很好地预测年龄和与年龄相关的结果。”)”可知，杰西卡·福尔认为DNA甲基化作为健康的一个预测因素是很有潜力的。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peoplearealwayslivingwithtechnologynowadays.Herecomesasmarthome,whichiscontrolledbythetouchofabutton.____36____Thisactslikearemotecontroltoactivatehouseholdsystemsandmonitorinsidetemperatures.Ifdonesuccessfully,asmarthomesystemwillbeintegratedsoseamlesslythatahouseholdwillappeartorunitself.Homeautomationisdesignedtointroduceefficiencytoahome.____37____Anefficientsmarthomeusessensorstopreventoverwateringofoutdoorgardensandcontrolroomtemperatures,allofwhichcanreduceexpenses.Inadditiontocostsavings,homeautomationoftenprovidesasenseofsecuritytohomeowners.Familieswithchildrenorelderlyadultsinthehomemaybereassuredbysomesafeguardsinsmarthomesecurity,likefirealarmsthatalerttheappropriateagenciesintheeventofaproblem.Lightingactivationrunsontimers,whichcanbealifesaverifanovenisleftonwhensomeoneleavesthehome.____38____Homeautomationisnotjustforsafety,however.____39____Withacentralizedcontrolunit,apersondoesnothavetoleavethecouchtoturndowntheblindsorevenordergroceries,whichcanbeautomated.____40____Suchahomebecomesdependentontechnologyforroutinetasks.Ifsomethinggoeswrongwiththecentralautomationunit,itisnotjustoneapplianceatriskasmalfunctionscandisruptsystemsthatarevitaltorunningahome.Asaresult,forallpeople,ahomecanbecomeaplaceoftechnicalfaultsthatrepeatedlyrequirerepair.A.Asmarthomedoesn’tapplytoallfamilymembers.B.Itachievesthisbysavinghomeownerstimeandmoney.C.Therearesomedrawbackswithanautomatedhomesystem.D.Itcanalsoprovideconvenienceforpeoplelivinginthehome.E.Homeautomationdependsonfurnitureandhometemperatures.F.Throughhomeautomation,anentirehousecanbeconnectedviaasmartcontroller.G.Besidesprotectingpeople,italsoofferssecurityforexpensiveitemsinsidearesidence.【答案】36.F37.B38.G39.D40.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了智能家居的工作方式以及好处。【36题详析】根据上文“Peoplearealwayslivingwithtechnologynowadays.Herecomesasmarthome,whichiscontrolledbythetouchofabutton.(现在人们总是和科技生活在一起。智能家居问世了，只要按一下按钮就可以控制)”以及后文“Thisactslikearemotecontroltoactivatehouseholdsystemsandmonitorinsidetemperatures.Ifdonesuccessfully,asmarthomesystemwillbeintegratedsoseamlesslythatahouseholdwillappeartorunitself.(它就像一个遥控器，可以激活家用系统并监控室内温度。如果成功的话，一个智能家居系统将被无缝集成，以至于一个家庭似乎可以自己运行)”可知，后文提到了一个智能家居系统将被无缝集成，推测本句是在说明家庭自动化将房子连接起来的方式。故F选项“通过家庭自动化，整个房子可以通过智能控制器连接起来”符合语境，故选F。【37题详析】根据上文“Homeautomationisdesignedtointroduceefficiencytoahome.(家庭自动化的目的是提高家庭的效率)”以及后文“Anefficientsmarthomeusessensorstopreventoverwateringofoutdoorgardensandcontrolroomtemperatures,allofwhichcanreduceexpenses.Inadditiontocostsavings,homeautomationoftenprovidesasenseofsecuritytohomeowners.(高效的智能家居使用传感器来防止室外花园浇水过多和控制室内温度，所有这些都可以减少费用。除了节省成本外，家庭自动化还经常为房主提供安全感)”可知，后文提到了节省成本，推测本句启示后文，是在说明家庭自动化可以省钱，故B选项“它通过节省房主的时间和金钱来实现这一点”符合语境，故选B。【38题详析】根据上文“Familieswithchildrenorelderlyadultsinthehomemaybereassuredbysomesafeguardsinsmarthomesecurity,likefirealarmsthatalerttheappropriateagenciesintheeventofaproblem.Lightingactivationrunsontimers,whichcanbealifesaverifanovenisleftonwhensomeoneleavesthehome.(家里有小孩或老人的家庭可以通过智能家居安全的一些保障措施来放心，比如火灾报警器，当出现问题时，它会向有关机构发出警报。当有人离开家时，如果烤箱还开着，那么照明激活就可以通过计时器来实现)”可知，本段的主旨是家庭自动化可以保护人们的安全，上文提到了出现火灾等情况，本句为本段最后一句，故说明其他可以保护方面。故G选项“除了保护人们，它还为住宅内的贵重物品提供安全保护”符合语境，故选G。【39题详析】根据上文“Homeautomationisnotjustforsafety,however.(然而，家庭自动化不仅仅是为了安全)”以及后文“Withacentralizedcontrolunit,apersondoesnothavetoleavethecouchtoturndowntheblindsorevenordergroceries,whichcanbeautomated.(有了一个集中控制单元，一个人不必离开沙发就可以拉下百叶窗，甚至可以自动订购杂货)”可知，本句承接上文，继续说明家庭自动化的其他好处，结合后文的例子可知，家庭自动化提供了方便。故D选项“它也可以为生活在家里的人提供方便”符合语境，故选D。【40题详析】根据后文“Suchahomebecomesdependentontechnologyforroutinetasks.Ifsomethinggoeswrongwiththecentralautomationunit,itisnotjustoneapplianceatriskasmalfunctionscandisruptsystemsthatarevitaltorunningahome.Asaresult,forallpeople,ahomecanbecomeaplaceoftechnicalfaultsthatrepeatedlyrequirerepair.(这样的家庭变得依赖于技术来完成日常任务。如果中央自动化单元出现问题，就不仅仅是一台设备有风险，因为故障可能会破坏对家庭运行至关重要的系统。因此，对所有人来说，家都可能成为一个不断出现技术故障、需要修理的地方)”可知，本段提到智能家居可能存在故障，让家成为一个不断出现技术故障、需要修理的地方，即存在缺点。故C选项“自动化家庭系统有一些缺点”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onemorningontheirwalktoschool,9-year-oldKhloeThompsonandhermotherpassedawomanlivingonthestreet.Troubledatthethoughtofpeoplelivingwithoutahome,Khloefeltan____41____tohelp.Atthetime,sheandhergreatgrandmotherworkedtogetherseveraldaysperweektocraftcolorfulbags,which____42____anidea:Fillingupherbeautifulhomemadebagswith____43____forhomelesspersonswhohadfallenon____44____times.Khloehopestoimprovetheirlives,withalltheyneededtomaketheir____45____fromthestreetstostablehousing.Khloe’sgreatgrandmotherwas____46____theideaofhandingouttheirbagstohelpothers,andsheagreedto____47____thecostforthefillingsthatwentintothefirstbatchofbags.Afterthesuccessoftheirfirstbagdeliveries,theywantedtofindawaytocontinuetheir____48____project.TheycreatedaGoFundMepageandposteditonsocialmediatoattractpotential____49____.Theoverwhelming____50____tocampaignmotivatedKhloeandherfamilytolaunchtheirownnon-profitfoundation,KhloeKares,in2015.KhloeKareshasgivenawaymorethan5,000KareBagswhichare____51____ofafewmonths’supplyofbasiccareitems.Theorganizationhas____52____outtohelpmanyothercommunities.NowKhloe____53____workstomotivateotherkidstobecome____54____withintheircommunities.Shewantsotherkidstoknowthattheiractionsmatter.“Youragedoesn’tdetermineyour____55____,”Khloesaid.41.A.invitation B.attraction C.interest D.urge42.A.stirredup B.gaveup C.madeout D.subscribedto43.A.masterpieces B.necessities C.documents D.leftovers44.A.previous B.ancient C.tough D.cultural45.A.angles B.construction C.stands D.transition46.A.infavorof B.inneedof C.onbehalfof D.onaccountof47.A.spare B.reduce C.cancel D.fund48.A.permanent B.charitable C.appropriate D.original49.A.viewers B.netizens C.donors D.residents50.A.access B.commitment C.reaction D.addiction51.A.ashamed B.terrified C.tired D.composed52.A.figured B.branched C.brought D.checked53.A.passionately B.luckily C.apparently D.potentially54.A.desperate B.defeated C.engaged D.curious55.A.score B.impact C.goal D.future【答案】41.D42.A43.B44.C45.D46.A47.D48.B49.C50.C51.D52.B53.A54.C55.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了9岁的科勒·汤普森和家人一起，致力于帮助有困难的人，为此还成立了慈善组织，取得了良好反响。【41题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一想到人们无家可归，科勒就感到不安，她有一种帮助别人的冲动。A.invitation邀请；B.attraction吸引；C.interest兴趣；D.urge冲动。根据后文“Khloehopestoimprovetheirlives”可知，科勒渴望帮助他人，故选D。【42题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A.stirredup激起；B.gaveup放弃；C.madeout理解；D.subscribedto同意。根据后文“anidea:Fillingupherbeautifulhomemadebagswith”指制作袋子激发了一个帮助他人的想法，故选A。【43题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A.masterpieces杰作；B.necessities必需品；C.documents文件；D.leftovers剩菜。根据后文“afewmonths’supplyofbasiccareitems”可知，袋子里装的都是生活必需品。故选B。【44题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A.previous以前的；B.ancient古老的；C.tough艰难的；D.cultural文化的。根据上文“forhomelesspersonswhohadfallenon”可知，无家可归说明是陷入了困境。故选C。【45题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科勒希望改善他们的生活，为他们提供从街头过渡到稳定住房所需的一切。A.angles角度；B.construction建造；C.stands摊位；D.transition过渡。根据后文“fromthestreetstostablehousing”可知，科勒希望为他们提供从街头过渡到稳定住房所需的一切。故选D。【46题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：科勒的曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。A.infavorof支持；B.inneedof需要；C.onbehalfof代表；D.onaccountof由于。根据后文“andsheagreedto”曾祖母同意资助说明她赞成这一做法。故选A。【47题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科勒的曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。A.spare抽出；B.reduce减少；C.cancel取消；D.fund资助。根据后文“thecostforthefillingsthatwentintothefirstbatchofbags”可知，曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。故选D。【48题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在第一次成功送出袋子后，他们想找到一种方法来继续他们的慈善项目。A.permanent永久的；B.charitable慈善的；C.appropriate合适的；D.original起初的。根据上文可知她们为无家可归的人提供必需品，是慈善项目。故选B。【49题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们创建了一个GoFundMe页面，并将其发布在社交媒体上，以吸引潜在的捐赠者。A.viewers观众；B.netizens网民；C.donors捐赠人；D.residents居民。根据上文“TheycreatedaGoFundMepageandposteditonsocialmediatoattractpotential”以及后文引起人们强烈反应，可知建立GoFundMe是为了吸引捐赠者。故选C。【50题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们对这项活动的强烈反应促使科勒和她的家人在2015年成立了他们自己的非营利基金会科勒·卡雷斯。A.access评估；B.commitment承诺；C.reaction反应；D.addiction上瘾。根据后文“tocampaignmotivatedKhloeandherfamilytolaunchtheirownnon-profitfoundation,KhloeKares,in2015”可知，他们建立了非盈利基金会，说明人们对这一活动的反应很好。故选C。【51题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：KhloeKares已经送出了5000多个Kare包，这些包是由几个月的基本护理用品组成的。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.terrified害怕的；C.tired疲惫的；D.composed由……组成（或构成）的，平静的。根据后文“ofafewmonths’supplyofbasiccareitems.”指Kare包是由几个月的基本护理用品组成的。短语becomposedof表示“由……组成”。故选D。【52题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该组织已扩展到帮助许多其他社区。A.figured认为；B.branched扩展，分叉；C.brought带来；D.checked检查。根据后文“outtohelpmanyothercommunities”指她们的慈善组织已扩展到帮助许多其他社区。故选B。【53题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。她想让其他孩子知道他们的行为很重要。A.passionately热情地；B.luckily幸运地；C.apparently显然；D.potentially潜在地。根据后文“workstomotivateotherkids”可知，科勒激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来，对此充满热情。故选A。【54题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。A.desperate绝望的；B.defeated被打败的；C.engaged从事……的，忙碌的；D.curious好奇的。根据后文“Shewantsotherkidstoknowthattheiractionsmatter.(她想让其他孩子知道他们的行为很重要)”可知，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。故选C。【55题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你的年龄并不能决定你的影响力，”科勒说。A.score分数；B.impact影响；C.goal目标；D.future未来。根据上文“Onemorn