被动语态讲解讲解很详细练习很到位

被动语态讲解讲解很详细练习很到位被动语态基本用法当句子得主语就是动作得执行者时,谓语得形式就是主动语态。当句子得主语就是动作得承受者时,谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来。1、They

make

shoesinthatfactory、主语+及物动词+宾语Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory、一般现在时:S(主语)+am/is/are+过去分词变为被动语态Hisbrotherwashesbowlsevery

day、主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday、改为被动语态TheyplayfootballonSunday、Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening、Theyoftenuseputersinclass、WemakethesemachinesinBeilun、PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK、FootballisplayedbythemonSunday、ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening、putersareoftenusedbytheminclass、ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun、EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK、您知道这些被动句得否定句和一般疑问句吗？2、They

bought

tenputerslastterm、Tenputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm、2一般过去时:S+was/were+过去分词Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday、主谓宾(受动者)Thelittlebabywaslookedafterbyhimyesterday、Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear、Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday、Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow、Theyusedthisroomforresting、Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago、Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear、Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday、Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow、Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem、Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago、3、They

willfinish

theworkintendays、Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays、3一般将来时:S+will+be+过去分词Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow、主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow、大家学习辛苦了，还是要坚持继续保持安静Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek、Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow、Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon、Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring、UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow、Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek、Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow、Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon、Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring、TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow、4、Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

、Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy、4情态动词:S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1、Hecantakecareofthebaby、2、Lucymaydrawthepictures、3、Youmustturnoffthelights、4、TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell、5、Jimcoulddoityesterday、Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim、ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy、Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou、Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem、ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday、Youmusthandinyourpositionsafterclass、Yourpositionsmustbehandedinafterclass、Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththeputer、Agreatmanyletterscanbewrittenwiththeputerbyhim、Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow、Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow、5现在进行时:

S+am/is/are+being+过去分词

现在进行时:

TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons、Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradio、Wearepaintingtherooms、Theroomsarebeingpainted、I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight、Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight、6过去进行时:

S+was/were+being+过去分词过去进行时:

—Whydidn'ttheydrivethereontime?—Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad、Becausetheroadwasbeingmended、Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere、Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear、We

havemade

twentymorekeys、Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus、7现在完成时:

S+have/has+been+过去分词、现在完成时:

Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff、

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff、Wehavebroughtdowntheprice、Thepricehasbeenbroughtdown、8过去将来时:

Themanagersaidtheywouldpletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear、Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbepletedbytheendoftheyear、Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible、Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible、9、过去完成时:

WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets、WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout、Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader、

Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader、

10:动词不定式得被动语态betodo----betobedonebegoingtodo---begoingtobedoneBeabouttodo---beabouttobedoneEg:HeistoreadanovelAnovelistobereadbyhimTheyaregoingtoholdameetingtomorrow、Ameetingisgoingtobeheldtomorrow、Theyareabouttoshootthemurderer、Themurderdrisabouttobeshotbythem、被动语态中得特殊情况1、不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词。e、g、Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass、被动句:Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass、e、g、Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool、被动句:Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool、

2、当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补),并且宾补就是省去“to”得动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上“to”e、g、Theymakeusdoallthework、被动句:Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem、e、g、Weoftenhearhersingsongs、被动句:Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus、e、g、Isawhimwalktoschool、被动句:Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme、这些动词真奇怪,主动句中to离开,被动句中to回来。(let,have,make,feel,see,watch,hear,notice…)3、当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语就是指人,一个就是指物),将其中指人得宾语提前作被动句得主语时,另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来;如就是将指物得宾语提前作被动句得主语,在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”

。常见加to得动词有give,send,teach,write,show,pass,ask,tell…常见加for得动词有make,draw,buy…e、g、Hegivesmeaflowereveryday、

被动1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday、

被动2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday、e、g、Mymotherboughtmeaputer、

被动1Iwasboughtaputerbymymother、

被动2Aputerwasboughtformebymymother、(一)语态转换时要注意得问题1、把主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词得时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词得数要与新主语保持一致。

Wehaveboughtanewputer、Anewputerhasbeenbought、(正确)Anewputerhavebeenbought、(错误)

2、含有双宾语得主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中得一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。

Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday、Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday、

如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当得介词,如上句还可以说:

Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday、保留宾语注意:一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词to,如:

bring,give,lend,offer,pass,promise,sell,show,teach,tell等。

Thecupwithmixturewasshowedtotheclass、

Mybikewaslenttoher、

一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词for,如:

buy,cook,choose,fetch,get,,make,order,等。

Mothermademeanewskirt、(Anewskirtwasmadeforme、)

Themeatwascookedforus、

练习:将下列句子变为被动句。

1、LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully、LiLei’sfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei、2、Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom、Thebabywaslookedafterbythemotherintheroom、3、Wetookcareofthethings、Thethingsweretakencareofbyus、4、Theygaveussomework、Weweregivensomeworkbythem、Someworkwasgiventousbythem、5、Theboymadethemlaughallthetime、Theyweremadetolaughallthetimebytheboy、6、Mymotherbuysmeabike、Abikeisboughtformebymymother、Iamboughtabikebymymother、

1、Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings、Knives____________forcuttingthings、2、Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth、Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth、EXERCISESareusedarecleaned(变被动语态)5、Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday、He___________________________onlytwomealsaday、6、Nowpeoplecanuseputerstohelpthem、Nowputers___________________tohelpthem、wasmadetohavecanbeused3、Ifoundtheticketonthefloor、________________________onthefloor、4、Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime、She_____________toreturnthebookintime、Theticketwasfoundwastold9、Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps、1)____________________somewonderfulstamps、2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________、weweregivenweregiventous7、Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8、Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished10、TheteacheraskedTomtoturnontheputer、Tom_______________toturnontheputer、11、Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework、Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory、wasaskedisdone12、Hecanmendthebikeintwodays、Thebike___________________intwodays、13、Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday、Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday、canbemendedmustbetaken14、ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman、German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool、15、Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem1、Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful、They____welland____already、sell;havebeensoldoutB、sold;hadsoldoutC、sell,selloutaresold;havebeensoldout2、IsawDaveinliftthismorning、----Really?He___aroundhereforalongtime、A、won’tbeseenB、wasn’tseeC、hasn’tbeenseenD、hadn’tbeenseen3、Thewindowisdirty、----Iknow、It___forweeks、hasn’tcleanedB、didn’tcleanC、wasn’tcleanedD、hasn’tbeencleaned4、Thehero’sstory___differentlyinthenewspapers、wasreportedB、wasreportingreportsD、reported5、Whydidyouleavethatposition?----I___abetterpositionatIBM、offerB、offeredC、amofferedD、wasoffered6、Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool___abroadtostudymedicinelastyear、A、sentB、weresentC、hadsentD、hadbeensent7、Thepoliceman’sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich___placedundertheMinister’scar、hasbeenB、wasbeingC、hadbeenD、wouldbe8、Millionsofpounds’worthdamage____byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight、A、hasbeencausedB、hadbeencausedC、willbecausedD、willhavebeencaused9、Whentheoldman___towalkbacktohishouse,thesun____itselfbehindthemountain、started;hadalreadyhiddenhadstarted;hadalreadyhiddenC、hadstarted;washidingD、wasstarting;hid10:Thewater___coolwhenIjoinedintothepoolformorningexercise、wasfeltB、isfeltC、feltD、feels11:Themomentthe28thOlympicGames___open,thewholeworldcheered、declaredB、havebeendeclaredC、havedeclaredD、weredeclared12、MrGreenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone____、blamedB、blamingC、toblameD、tobeblamed13、Inaroomabovethestore,whereaparty____,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable、A、wastobeheldB、hasbeenheldC、willb