高考英语大二轮复习讲义专题一阅读理解4时文报道

A(2017·甘肃甘谷二中一模)TheHealthyHabitsSurvey(调查)showsthatonlyaboutonethirdofAmericanseniorshavecorrecthabits.Herearesomefindingsandexpertadvice.1．Howmanytimesdidyoubrushyourteethyesterday?·Finding：Afull33%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.·Step：Removethe300typesofbacteriainyourmoutheachmorningwithabatteryoperatedtoothbrush.Brushgentlyfor2minutesatleasttwiceaday.2．Howmanytimesdidyouwashyourhandsorbatheyesterday?·Finding：Seniors，onaverage，bathefewerthan3daysaweek.Andnearly30%washtheirhandsonly4timesaday—halfofthenumberdoctorsremend.·Step：Wetouchourfacesaround3,000timesaday—ofteninvitinggerms(病菌)toenterourmouth，nose，andeyes.Usetoiletpapertoavoidtouchingthedoorhandle.And，mostimportantly，washyourhandsoftenwithhotrunningwaterandsoapfor20seconds.3．Howoftendoyouthinkaboutfightinggerms?·Finding：Seniorsarenotfightinggermsaswellastheyshould.·Step：Beawareofgerms.Doyouknowitisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchensponge(海绵)thatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse？Tokillthesegerms，keepyourspongeinthemicrowavefor10seconds.语篇解读本文为应用文，题材为介绍说明类——调查报告。本文介绍了对美国年长者健康生活习惯的调查结果及专家建议。1．WhatisfoundoutaboutAmericanseniors?A．Mostofthemhavegoodhabits.B．Nearly30%ofthembathethreedaysaweek.C．Allofthemarefightinggermsbetterthanexpected.D．Aboutonethirdofthembrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一条调查结果“Afull33%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.”可知D项正确。2．Doctorssuggestthatpeopleshouldwashtheirhands.A．twiceaday B．threetimesadayC．fourtimesaday D．eighttimesaday答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二条调查结果中30%的年长者一天洗手四次，而这个数目是“halfofthenumberdoctorsremend(医生建议数目的一半)”，故医生建议每天洗手的次数应该是八次。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Weshouldkeepfromtouchingourfaces.B．Therearelessthan300typesofbacteriainthemouth.C．Akitchenspongecancarrymoregermsthanatoilet.D．Weshouldwashourhandsbeforetouchingadoorhandle.答案C解析细节理解题。在第三条调查结果中的Step部分，作者用了一个强调句型“...itisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchensponge(海绵)thatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse？”来说明：不是你的洗手间而是你厨房里的海绵携带更多的病菌。故选C项。B(2017·甘肃天水甘谷二中一模)Menarespendingmoreandmoretimeinthekitchenencouragedbycelebrity(名人)chefslikeGordonRamsayandJamieOliver，accordingtoareportfromOxfordUniversity.Theeffectofthecelebrityrolemodels，whohavegivencookingamoremanlypicture，hasbinedwithamoregeneraldrivetowardssexualequalityandmennowspendmorethantwicetheamountoftimepreparingmealsthantheydidin1961.AccordingtotheresearchbyProf.JonatahnGershuny，whorunstheCentreforTimeResearchatOxford，mennowspendmorethanhalfanhouradaycooking，upfromjust12minutesadayin1961.Prof.Gershunysaid，“Themaninthekitchenispartofamuchwidersocialtrend.Therehasbeen40yearsofsexualequality，butthereisanother40yearsprobablytoe.”Women，whoagenerationagospentnearlytwohoursadaycooking，nowspendjustonehourandsevenminutes—agreatfall，buttheystillspendfarmoretimeinthekitchenthanmen.Someexpertshavenamedthesemeninapronsas“Gastrosexuals(menusingcookingskillstoimpressfriends)”，whohavebeeninspiredtopickupakitchenknifebythesuccessofRamsay，OliveraswellasothermalecelebritychefssuchasHughFearnleyWhittingstall，MarcoPierreWhiteandKeithFloyd.“Iwasmarriedin1974.Whenmyfathercametovisitmeafewweekslater，IwaswearinganapronwhenIopenedthedoor.Helaughed，”saidProf.Gershuny.“Thatwouldneverhappennow.”Twothirdsofadultssaythattheyetogethertoshareatleastthreetimesaweek，evenifitisnotnecessarilyaroundakitchenordiningroompointedoutthatthefamilymealwasnowrarelyeatenbyallofitsmembersaroundatable—withmany“familymeals”infacttakenonthesofainthesittingroom，andsharedbyfamilymembers.“Thefamilymealhaschangedalot，andfewofuseat—asIdidwhenIwasachild—atleasttwomealsadaytogetherasafamily.Butithassurvivedinadifferentformat.”语篇解读牛津大学的一篇报道说，男性下厨的时间比以前多了。一方面的原因是男性名人厨师的影响，另一方面更多的是男女平等观念的影响。4．Whatisonereasonbehindthetrendthatmenspendmoretimecookingthanbefore?A．Thedevelopmentofsexualequalitycampaign.B．Theinfluenceofpopularfemalechefs.C．Thechangeoffemale’sviewoncooking.D．Theimprovementofcooks’status.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theeffectofthecelebrityrolemodels，whohavegivencookingamoremanlypicture，hasbinedwithamoregeneraldrivetowardssexualequality...”可知，男性名人在电视上展示厨艺和受到性别平等的心理驱使，导致男性在做饭上花得时间更多了。故选A。5．Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthetimemenandwomenspendoncooking?A．Menspendmoretimecookingthanwomennowadays.B．Itwilltake40yearsbeforemenspendmoretimeatthestovethanwomen.C．Womenspendmuchlesstimeoncookingthanbefore.D．Thereisasharpdeclineinthetimemenspendoncookingparedwith1961.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知，女性下厨的时间比以前少了，但是还是比男性多。故选C。6．HowdidProf.Gershunyseethefamilymealaccordingtothepassage?A．Ithasbeeathingofthepast.B．Itisverydifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.C．Itshouldn’tbeadvocatedinmoderntimes.D．Itisbeneficialtothestabilityofthefamily.答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Thefamilymealhaschangedalot，andfewofuseat...Butithassurvivedinadifferentformat.”可知，现在家人在一起聚餐和以前不同了。故选B。7．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheChangesofFamilyMealsB．EqualityBetweenMenandWomenC．Cooking—aThingofthePastforWomenD．CookingintoaNewTrendforMen答案D解析标题归纳题。根据第一段的内容可知，本文的主旨是男人下厨做饭成为新潮流。故选D。C(2017·吉林长春外国语学校期中)ThisyearRio，ahostoftheOlympics2016，isintheinternationalspotlight.★Phelpsputsspotlightoncupping(拔火罐)OlympicgoldmedalistMichaelPhelpsledAmericanswimmerstoagoldmedalinthe4×100meterrelay，butwhatgrabbedmediaattentionandledtostoriesandphotosaroundtheglobewerethepurpleandredcirclesonhisback.MichaelPhelpsoftheUSAisseenwithredcuppingmarksonhisshoulderashepetesduringthe2016RioOlympicsmen’s200mbutterflyinRiodeJaneiro，Brazil，Aug8,2016.★FacialexpressionsofChineseswimmerFuYuanhuigoesviralChina’swomen’sswimmerFuYuanhuihascreatedasensationonlinenotjustbywinningthebronzemedalinthe100mbackstrokepetition，butalsobyherfacialexpressionsduringthepostsemifinalinterviewwithChinaCentralTelevision(CCTV)onMonday.Whenaskedwhethersheheldbackforthefinal，Fureplied，“No，Iutilizedmy‘prehistorical’power.”Whatshemeantwasthatshehadsparednoeffortsinthesemifinal.Sincethen，thesocalled“prehistoricalpower”hasgoneviralandbeeanewInternetmeme.★BritainwinsfirstOlympicdivinggoldinmen’ssynchronized3mspringboardBritain’sJackLaugherandChrisMearsendedChina’sgoldmedalmonopoly(垄断)overdivingeventsattheRioOlympicsbywinningthemen’ssynchronized3mspringboardfinalonWednesday，thecountry’sfirsteverOlympicgoldmedalindiving.LaugherandMearsfinishedwithasixroundtotalof454.32points，just4.11pointsaheadofsilvermedalistsMikeHixonandSamDormanoftheUSAattheMariaLenkAquaticsCenter.China’sCaoYuanandQinKaitookthebronzewith443.70points.语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了里约奥运会上的一些热点聚焦。8．WhatattractedmediaattentionwithPhelps’winningthegoldmedal?A．Hisgreatleadership.B．Hisscarsonhisback.C．Thecuppingmarksonhisback.D．Hisachievementshemadeinthemen’s200mbutterfly.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一条新闻下面第一段中的“whatgrabbedmediaattentionandledtostoriesandphotosaroundtheglobewerethepurpleandredcirclesonhisback”可知，Phelps获得冠军时引起媒体注意的是他背上拔火罐后留下的痕迹。故选C。9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyFuYuanhuibecamethespotlight?A．Herdevotionanddeterminationtoswimming.B．Herachievementinthe100mbackstrokepetition.C．Herfacialexpressionsduringthepostsemifinalinterview.D．Herhumourousreplytothereporter—socalled“prehistoricalpower”．答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二条新闻下面的“China’swomen’sswimmerFuYuanhuihascreatedasensationonlinenotjustbywinningthebronzemedalinthe100mbackstrokepetition，butalsobyherfacialexpressions...”以及“Sincethen，thesocalled‘prehistoricalpower’hasgoneviralandbeeanewInternetmeme.”可知，B、C和D三项内容都是傅园慧获得媒体关注的原因。根据排除法可知，选A。10．Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdnews?A．Chinadidn’twinanygoldmedalsindivingeventsattheRioOlympics.B．BritainbecamethegoldmedalmonopolistofdivingeventsattheRioOlympics.C．MikeHixonandSamDormanoftheUSAtooksilverwith447.81points.D．BritainhadneverwontheOlympicdivinggoldmedalbeforetheRioOlympics.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三条新闻下面的“Britain’sJackLaugherandChrisMearsendedChina’sgoldmedalmonopoly(垄断)overdivingeventsattheRioOlympicsbywinningthemen’ssynchronized3mspringboardfinalonWednesday，thecountry’sfirsteverOlympicgoldmedalindiving.”可判断出，英国在此之前从未在奥运会上获得跳水冠军。故选D。11．Wheredoesthistextprobablyefrom?A．Ahistorytextbook. B．Anewsreport.C．Adetectivenovel. D．Atravelbrochure.答案B解析文章出处题。根据文章内容可判断出，本文主要是介绍了里约奥运会上的一些热点聚焦，因此，本文最有可能来自新闻报道。故选B。D(2017·第三次全国大联考)Despitelongtermuncertainties，Brexit(英国脱欧)offersatreasuretroveofpotentialopportunitiesforChinaUKandChinaEuropeanUnion(EU)relationsinthefuture，withChinaeyeingapotentialfreetradeagreementwiththeUKforwiderworldmarketentranceandRMBinternationalization，Chineseexpertssaid.TheUK’sbreakawayfromEUmembershipopensthedoortofreertradewithChina，currentlytheUK’ssixthlargestexportdestinationandthirdlargestsourceofimports.Contrarily，itcouldallowChineseproductsthatmeetUKstandardstoenteravastswathofmonwealthnationsinAfrica，LatinAmericaandSouthAsia，accordingtoWeiJianguo，vicechairmanofBeijingbasedthinktankChinaCenterforInternationalEconomicExchanges(CCIEE)onFriday.ExistingChinaUKmechanismsare“poisedtoaccelerate”，Weisaid，citingthe1.7billionpound(2.12billion)RoyalAlbertDocksproject.InMay2013，ChinesedeveloperABPsealedthemegadealwithLondontoturnitshistoricdockintoa3.5millionsquarefootofficeplex，makingitabustlingAsianbusinessportandLondon’sthirdbusinessdistrict.InOctober2015，witnessedbyChinesePresidentXiJinpingandUKthenPrimeMinisterDavidCameron，China’sCITICConstructionsignedadealtobeetheproject’sgeneralcontractor.OnNov.10,2016，fourmajorChinesebanksagreedtofollowuponitsfinancing.Refuting(反驳)reportsthatsomeChineseenterprisesviewBritainasmerelyaspringboardtoenterthewiderEuropeanmarket，andthatBrexitwouldjeopardizethiseffect，WeisaidthatisnotthecasebasedonwhatheobservedduringrecentvisitstoJiangsuandZhejiangProvinces，bothstrongholdsofprivatepanieswithglobalreach.“ImetpeoplefromHuawei，GeelyAutoandmanymoreprivateenterprises.Theysaidtheydon’tseeanyinvestmentasasteppingstonetoanother，becauseeachnewmarketisdifferent，”Weisaid.WeiexpressedoptimismaboutthefutureofChinaUKrelations，citing，amongotherfactors，thesofarmildnatureoftheUK’sdeparturefromtheEU.TheeconomyoftheUKhasmaintainedgoodmomentumaftertheBrexitannouncement.In2016，itsGDPincreasedby1.8percent，thehighestrateinWesternEuropeandsecondfastestintheG7groupafterGermany.UKisamainhubfortheoffshoretradingofChinesecurrency.Thetwocountrieswillcontinuetobenefitfromtheirhighlyplementaryeconomies，withChinainneedofhelpwithgreenfinanceandtheUKwantingChineseexportsofmechanicalproducts，textiles，rawmaterialsandhighspeedrailinvestment，saidZhangYansheng，chiefresearcheratCCIEE.“AChinaUKfreetradeagreementwillestablishSinoBritishrelationsasanexampleofChina’s‘newformofgreatpowerrelationships’withdevelopedcountries.ItmightalsopavethewayforaChinaEUBilateralInvestmentTreaty(BIT)，”saidDingYifan，aneconomistattheStateCouncil’sDevelopmentResearchCenter.语篇解读文章主要阐述了英国脱欧对于中国而言更是个发展对外关系的好时机。12．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．BrexitbenefitsbothUKandEUalot.B．BrexithasposedgreatopportunitiesforChina.C．BrexitmaycausegreatlossforEU.D．BrexitisstilluncertainforUKandChina.答案B解析主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和全文的内容可知文章讲的是英国脱欧对于中国而言更是个发展对外关系的好时机。故选B。13．WhatcanweconcludefromPara.2－3?A．TheUK’sbreakawayfromEUmembershiphasrestricteditsfreetradewithChina.B．UKhasbeenthesixthlargestexportdestinationandthirdlargestsourceofimporttoChina.C．OnlyaftermeetingUKstandardscanChineseproductseintothemarketofmonwealthnations.D．TheRoyalAlbertDocksprojecthasbeenagreatchallengetoChinaUKrelationship.答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“itcouldallowChineseproductsthatmeetUKstandardstoenteravastswathofmonwealthnationsinAfrica，LatinAmericaandSouthAsia”可知选C。14．WhichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinPara.4?A．Strengthen. B．Resist.C．Damage. D．Promote.答案C解析词义猜测题。依据画线词所在段落的意思可知：之前曾有报道称一些中国企业只不过将英国视为一个进入更广阔欧洲市场的跳板，而英国脱欧会损害这一效果，魏建国批驳了这一报道。故选C。15．WhatcanbeinferredaccordingtowhatDingYifansaid?A．Chinaonlyattachimportancetotherelationshipswithwesterncountries.B．SinoBritishrelationisthemostpowerfulrelationshipintheworld.C．ChinaUKfreetradeagreementcanensuregoodSinoBritishrelationsforever.D．TheimprovedrelationshipofSinoBritishmayaswellhaveagoodeffectonChinaEUrelations.答案D解析推理判断题。依据文章最后一段D