江西省上饶市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题含听力

上饶市20232024学年度下学期期末教学质量检测高二英语试卷（满分150分考试时间120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhendoesthemallopenonSunday?A.At9:00am. B.At10:00am. C.At11:00am.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Stratfordmall.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Couldyoutellmeyourbusinesshours?W:Weopenat10:00amandcloseat8:00pmonweekdays.OnSaturday,weopenfrom10:00amto6:00pm.OnSunday,weopen1hourlaterthanusualandcloseat5:00pm.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyisthecameraputonthebird’sback?A.Todoscientificresearch.B.Tocatchpeople’seyes.C.Totakebetterpictures.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Wow,canyouseethecamerainthevideo?It’sjustonthebird’sback.M:Oh,hereitis.Scientistswanttostudythephysicsofflightwhilethebirdsarehunting.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome. B.Onaplane. C.Inahotel.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HiMichael,thefirstclasscabinlookslikeasmallhotelroom.Lookatthesofas,doublebeds,televisions,desks.And...M:That’strueNancy.Wewillhaveawonderfultravelexperienceintheair.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthecat?A.Shelikestostayalone.B.Thedog’sbarkingfrightensher.C.Thetreeistoohighforhertojump.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mycat’supinthattree,andshewon’tedownwhenIcallhername.Ithinkit’stoohighforhertojump.M:Yourneighbour’sdogisbarking.Ifhestops,thenshe’lledownonherown.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Doctorandpatient.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Recently,I’vebeengettingheadachesandmyeyesdon’tseemtofocusproperly.Imayneedglasses,butI’mnotentirelysure.W:eoverhereandI’lltestyoureyes.First,youshouldlookatthisvisionchart.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatdoesthewomansuggestMarkdoatweekends?A.Dosomeoutdooractivities.B.Haveagoodrestathome.C.Visitfriendsmoreoften.7.HowdoesMarklikewindsurfing?A.It’sboring. B.It’sinteresting. C.It’stiring.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Mark,youalwayssitdownandwatchTVatweekends.Don’tyouthinkit’sboring?M:Iamusuallybusywithwork.Itisakindofrelaxationforme.W:Ofcourse,it’syourbusiness,butyoushouldhavebetterrecreationthanwatchingTV.Youshouldgetoutofthehousejustlikeme.M:Howdoyouusuallyspendtheweekends?W:Well,IdomountainhikingonSaturdayandIgowindsurfingwithmyfriendsonSunday.M:Thewindsurfingmustbeattractive.I’vealwayswantedtotryit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdidthespeakersdojustnow?A.Theysawafilm.B.Theygaveaperformance.C.TheywatchedthePekingOpera.9.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Arestaurant. B.Atheaterhall. C.Alibrary.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】M:ThePekingoperaisamazing.I’mcuriousabouthowtheydidit.Ithewaytheysing.W:Theymusthavepracticedalot.1minuteonthestageneeds10yearspracticeoffstage.M:Lookattheelectronicbulletinboardattheentranceofthetheatrehall.Itlistssomeshowsthatwillbeonnextweek.W:Hmm,thisone,thedrunkenbeauty,it’sarealclassic.I’dliketoebackagain.Letmebookticketsfornextweekend.M:That’sgreat.NowIfeelalittlehungry.Shallwegrabsomethingtoeatnearby?W:OK,let’sgo.I’lltreatyoutoItalianfood.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatdoesXuHongdoudointhevillage?A.Sherunsacafe.B.Sheconductsasurvey.CShedoesvolunteerwork.11.Whatmakeslongjourneyspossible?A.Moderntransportation.B.Anonlineserviceprovider.C.fortableacmodations.12.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Worried. B.Grateful. C.Interested.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Avacationplan. B.Anewtravelstyle. C.Apopularcourse.【答案】10.C11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:David,didyouwatchthepopularTVseriesMeetYourselfduringyourwintervacation?M:Yes,andIknowtheheroineXuiHongdutravelstoavillageinYunnanprovinceandvolunteersatalocalcafe.Shegetsfreemealsinreturn.Herexperienceisclosetovolunteertravel.W:Whatisvolunteertravel?M:Itreferstoanewtypeoftakingatrip,allpartsofthepurposeofthetripistoparticipateinanarrangedserviceopportunitytohelpothers.Accordingtowisetour,anonlineprovideroftravelInformation.Duringthetrip,volunteertravelersoftenprovideservicesliketeaching,cooking,animalcaring,andculturalactivities.Thevolunteersoffertheirhelpinexchangeforfreeordiscountedacmodation,mealsandlaundryactivitiesorclasses.W:Itseemsasiftheselongjourneyscouldonlybemadepossibleinrecentyearsbymoderntransportation.M:That’strue.Ithasindeedbeenagrowingtrendforurbanresidentstovolunteerinruralareas.Theynotonlygetatasteofrurallife,butalsocancatchsomerelieffromtheirbusylives.W:Soundsinteresting.Whynottryatriplikethisoneday?Itwillmeanalottous.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatistheman?A.Ahost. B.Adesigner. C.Adirector.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofmakingclothesbyusingplasticbottles?A.It’scostefficient.B.It’stotallyunacceptable.C.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.16.Howmanyplasticbottlesareneededtomakeatonofthread?A.67,000. B.62,000. C.42,000.17.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthepriceoftheclothes?A.Itisincreasingrapidly.B.Itwillbeonadownwardtrend.C.Itrangesfrom300to500yuan.【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodeveningandweletothisweek’sbusinessworld.Tonight,we’veinvitedAliaDuma,thepany’sdesigndirectoroffashion,brandDuma.ShewillgiveussomeInformationaboutclothesmadeoutofplasticbottles.Hello,MissDuma.Howdidyougetthisidea?W:Youknow,billionsofwaterbottlesarebeingthrownaway.Thesebottlestakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Ithinkwecanusethemtocreateclothesandhelptheenvironment.M:Awesome.Istheprocessofmakingclothesplicated?W:Infact,itisrathersimple.First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremeltedandshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread.Wecanthenusethethreadtomakeclothes.M:Howmanyplasticbottlesdoesittaketomakeatonofthread?W:Ittakes67,000bottles.Thisreducescarbonemissionsby4.2tonsandwateruseby6.2tons.M:Amazing.Butsomepeoplemighthavedoubtsaboutwearingsuchclothes.W:Theydon’thavetoworryatall.Plasticthreadcanbemadeintocotton,silk,orevenwool.Theycanfindtheansweroncauseartistawebsitethatfocusesoninnovativeindustries.M:That’sright.Whataboutthepriceoftheclothes?W:Itrangesfrom500to￥3,000.However,thepricewillfallwhenmorepaniesfollowthesustainabilitypathtakenbymybusiness.M:Thankyouforlettingusknowsomuch.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatdothe“digitalpickledvegetables”referto?A.Anewtypeofvegetable.B.Videospeoplewatchwhileeating.C.Digitalgamessuitableforfamilymembers.19.Whatcouldthe“digitalpickledvegetables”resultin?A.Eatingmoreautomatically.B.Havingnoappetitegradually.C.Focusingone’sattentiononfood.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.IntroducingaTVprogram.B.Tellingpeoplehowtoformagoodhabit.C.Explainingaphenomenonamongyoungpeople.【答案】18B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】W:Haveyouheardofthedigitalpickledvegetables?Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeatingthatmaketheirfoodmoreappetizing.Nowadays,manyyoungpeopleinChinaarekeptpanybyTVshowsorshortvideosduringameal.Theybelievethattheirfoodistastierwiththedigitalpickles.Canthishabitaffectyourdiet?Accordingtoaresearchpaperpublishedin2019,youmayeatmoreunconsciously.Theresearchteamasked62volunteerstofollowdifferenteatingpatternsonfourdifferentdays.Thepatternsincludedeatingwhilelookingatthemobilephone,readingmagazinesandwithoutdistraction.Afteranalyzingtheirdiets.theteamdiscoveredthatwheneatingwithadistraction,ourattentioncanbedistracted,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpected.Thisstudysuggeststhatifyou’reeatingordrinking,whileyourattentionisdistractedbyahighlyengagingtask,you’relesslikelytobeabletotellhowfullyoufeelthisworks,notonlyforeatingmeals,butotherdemandingtasksaswell.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AThewintersolsticeisofficiallythestartofanewseason.Itmarkstheshortestdayandlongestnightoftheyear.Sincebeforerecordedhistory,thewintersolsticehastraditionallymeantatimeofrenewalandritualforpeopleallovertheworld.Herearesomeancientwintersolsticecelebrationsfrombothhemispheresandhowthey’remarked.ShabeYaldaForhundredsofyears,Iranianshavegatheredonthewintersolstice.TheycelebrateYaldawithfoodanddrink.Yaldameansbirthorrebirth.TheholidayisdedicatedtothesungodMithra.Nutsandfruitssuchaspomegranatesandwatermelonsaresymbolic.Theirredhues(颜色)representdawnandlife.Theholidaycelebrateslightwinningoverdarkness.DongzhiInChineseDongzhiliterallymeans“winter’sarrival.”ItisoneofthesolartermsinthetraditionalChinesecalendar.TraditionallycelebratedasanendofharvestfestivalduringtheHanDynasty,todayitisanimportanttimetospendwithfamilyandeataheartymealoftangyuanordumplings.ItdependsonwhatpartofChinaonelivesin.SoyalFortheNativeAmericanHopitribeintheSouthwest,theSoyalceremonyisimportant.Decemberisthemonthwhenprotectivespiritscalledkatsinasbringthesunbackfromitslongslumber(睡眠).Itlastsupto16days.Ceremoniesincludegiftgiving,dancing,andstorytelling.TojiInJapan,thewintersolsticeeswithseveralritualsandcustomstowelethereturningsun.Onecustomdatesbackhundredsofyears.Itinvolvestakingahotbathwithyuzu,acitrusfruitknownforitshealingproperties.Othertraditionsincludeeatingfoodsthatcontainthe“n”sound(likeudon乌冬).Theyarebelievedtobringgoodluck.21.Whatdoesthewintersolsticemean?A.Theendofwinterseason.B.Thebeginningofthespringseason.C.Thelongestdayandtheshortestnightoftheyear.D.Theshortestdayandthelongestnightoftheyear.22.WhatdoesShabeYaldatraditionallycelebrate?A.Thearrivalofspring. B.Theendoftheharvestseason.C.Thevictoryoflightoverdarkness. D.Thestartofthenewyear.23.WhatisamontraditioninJapanduringthewintersolstice?A.Eatingtangyuanordumplings. B.Takingahotbathwithyuzu.C.Makingsnowsculptures. D.Givinggifts,dancingandstorytelling.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四个古老冬至庆祝活动。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itmarkstheshortestdayandlongestnightoftheyear.(它标志着一年中最短的白天和最长的夜晚)”可知，冬至意思是一年中最短的白天和最长的夜晚。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ShabeYalda部分中“Theholidaycelebrateslightwinningoverdarkness.(这个节日庆祝光明战胜黑暗)”可知，ShabeYalda传统上庆祝光明战胜黑暗。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Itinvolvestakingahotbathwithyuzu,acitrusfruitknownforitshealingproperties.(它包括用柚子泡热水澡，柚子是一种以治疗功效而闻名的柑橘类水果)”可知，日本在冬至的常见传统是用柚子泡热水澡。故选B。BIfyouspentanytimeinAnnArborduringthesummeroverthelastfewyears,you’veprobablyeacrosssomeofartistDavidZinn’ssidewalkworks.Recently,sidewalkdrawingsfromselftaughtartistDavidZinnhavebeenpopularsincesomeofhisworkswereshownonsocialmediawebsites.Thankstoothers’help,Zinnwillnowbebringingsomeofhisfavoriteworksintothehomesofhisfans.Earlierthismonth,Zinnsuccessfullyraised$30,000topublishan80Pagebookofhisworks.Thechalkartisthasbeeknownforhisbrightlycoloredlittlecreaturesdottingthepavement.Hemanagestobringcreaturestolifewithnothingmorethanaboxofcolorfulchalksandgreatimagination.What’smore,hemakeshiscutelittlecharactersinternetwithobjectsonthestreets,andtheresultisquitecharming.Oneofhismaincharactersisthegreenslug(鼻涕虫)hehasnamedSluggo.Davidhascreatedloadsoffunsituationsfeaturingthelittlegreenslug.Whenaskedwhyhedrewinimpossibleplaces,herepliedthatourlivesmightnotbeassetandpredictableaswethoughttheywere.“ThedrawingshavebeentheresultofwalkingarounduntilIeacrossaplacethatasksforsomething.”hesaid.David’sfavoritechalkdrawingexperiencehappenedattheAnnArborSummerFestivalfouryearsago.Hedrewastrangelookingcreaturewithaholerunningthroughthemiddleofitsstomach.Hehadnoideawhyheputtheholethere;hewasjustdrawingthatwhiletalkingtokids.Aboutanhourlater,hewalkedpastthesamespotandfoundthatsomeonehadfilledthecreature’s“stomachhole”withatinypileofcandy.Thismadethestreetartistveryhappyforreasonshecouldnotentirelyexplain.24.HowcanZinnbringsomeofhisworksintofans’homes?A.Bydrawingattheirhomes. B.Bydrawingonmediawebsites.C.Bypublishingabookofhisworks. D.Bycollectingsomemoneyfromfans.25.WhydidZinn’sworksbeepopular?A.Becausehecoulddrawinmanyimpossibleplaces.B.Becausehisgreatcreativitymadehisworkscharming.C.Becausehisworldfamousgreenslughashelpedhimgetattention.D.Becausehewalkedaroundandfoundplacesthatneededadrawing.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph5referto?A.Places. B.Lives. C.Drawings. D.Characters.27.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.OneofDavid’simpressivedrawingexperiences.B.AninterestingstoryaboutDavid’sroutinework.C.Thereasonforcreatingastrangelookingcreature.D.ThemeaningofDavid’sdrawingacreature.【答案】24.C25.B26.B27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位叫做DavidZinn的艺术家。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thankstoothers’help,Zinnwillnowbebringingsomeofhisfavoriteworksintothehomesofhisfans.Earlierthismonth,Zinnsuccessfullyraised$30,000topublishan80Pagebookofhisworks.(多亏了其他人的帮助，Zinn现在将把他最喜欢的一些作品带到他的粉丝家里。本月早些时候，Zinn成功筹集了3万美元，出版了一本80页的作品集)”可知，通过出版一本作品集，Zinn将他的一些作品带到粉丝的家中。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thechalkartisthasbeeknownforhisbrightlycoloredlittlecreaturesdottingthepavement.Hemanagestobringcreaturestolifewithnothingmorethanaboxofcolorfulchalksandgreatimagination.What’smore,hemakeshiscutelittlecharactersinternetwithobjectsonthestreets,andtheresultisquitecharming.(这位粉笔艺术家因其点缀在人行道上的色彩鲜艳的小动物而闻名。他成功地用一盒彩色粉笔和丰富的想象力给生物赋予了生命。更重要的是，他让他可爱的小角色和街上的东西上网，结果很有魅力)”可知，他伟大的创造力使他的作品迷人且受欢迎。故选B。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Whenaskedwhyhedrewinimpossibleplaces,herepliedthatourlivesmightnotbeassetandpredictableaswethoughttheywere”可知，当被问及为什么他在不可能的地方画画时，他回答说，我们的生活可能不像我们想象的那样固定和可预测。可知，they指的是“生活”，故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“David’sfavoritechalkdrawingexperiencehappenedattheAnnArborSummerFestivalfouryearsago.Hedrewastrangelookingcreaturewithaholerunningthroughthemiddleofitsstomach.Hehadnoideawhyheputtheholethere;hewasjustdrawingthatwhiletalkingtokids.Aboutanhourlater,hewalkedpastthesamespotandfoundthatsomeonehadfilledthecreature’s“stomachhole”withatinypileofcandy.Thismadethestreetartistveryhappyforreasonshecouldnotentirelyexplain.(大卫最喜欢的粉笔绘画经历发生在四年前的安娜堡夏季艺术节上。他画了一个奇怪的生物，胃中间有一个洞。他不知道为什么要在那里挖洞;他和孩子们聊天时画的。大约一个小时后，他走过同一个地方，发现有人在它的“胃洞”里塞了一小堆糖果。这让这位街头艺术家非常高兴，原因他也无法完全解释)”可知，本段主要讲述了David一次印象深刻的绘画经历。故选A。CEwastecanbeabandonedcellphones,laptopsorreallyanyothertypeoftechdevicethatgetsthrownaway.Andaccordingtorecentdatareports,theamountofelectronicwasteisreachingstaggeringheights,somuchsothatthecapacityforrecyclingsimplyisn’tenough.There’sgrowingconcernoverthepotentialenvironmentalissuesthatmightbecausedifwedon’tfindasufficientwaytofightthesegrowingpilesofewaste.ManyelectronicsthrownawayhavebeensenttodevelopingcountriesinAfricawheretheyarebeingdismantled(拆开)andpartsofthemarereused.Butthisisjustoneelectronicwasteland.AnalarmingnewU.N.reportsaysthatsince2010,theamountofglobalewastehasgrownfivetimesfasterthanitcanbecollectedandrecycled.Accordingtothestudy,arecord62millionmetrictonsofewastewasproducedin2022.That’sanincreaseof82%from2010.Theworldisontracktogenerateawhopping(巨大的)82milliontonsofewastein2030.AhighlevelofficialwiththeInternationalTelemunicationUnionsaystheamountofewasteisuptothemanufacturerstomakeadifferencebygivingdevicesalongerlifecycle.Whilesomecountrieshavecarriedoutenvironmentalregulationstotackletheproblem,someareworkingonamoregrassrootslevel.PlacesliketheFixingFactoryinLondonareteachingconsumerstomakemoresustainablechoices.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”mean?A.Shocking. B.Disappointing. C.Confusing. D.Frustrating.29.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph3show?A.Howchallengingitistodealwithewaste.B.Howmuchtheamountofglobalewasteis.C.Howseverethesituationofglobalewasteis.D.Howabandonedelectronicshavebeendealtwith.30.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthesituationofglobalewaste?A.Objective. B.Approving. C.Dismissive. D.Indifferent.31.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.Theseriousconsequenceewastecauses.B.Themethodofhowtodealwithewaste.C.Thereasonforthegenerationofewaste.D.Anintroductiontoewaste.【答案】28.A29.C30.A31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子废物的现状，以及全球正在采取措施来应对日益增长的电子废物问题。【28题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Andaccordingtorecentdatareports,theamountofelectronicwasteisreachingstaggeringheights,somuchsothatthecapacityforrecyclingsimplyisn’tenough.”（并且根据最近的数据报告，电子垃圾的数量正在达到staggering高度，如此之多，以至于回收能力根本不够用。）中的“somuchsothatthecapacityforrecyclingsimplyisn’tenough”可知，电子垃圾的数量之多，以至于回收能力不够用，说明其数量之多是令人震惊的。故划线词staggering意思是shocking(令人震惊的)。故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“AnalarmingnewU.N.reportsaysthatsince2010,theamountofglobalewastehasgrownfivetimesfasterthanitcanbecollectedandrecycled.Accordingtothestudy,arecord62millionmetrictonsofewastewasproducedin2022.That’sanincreaseof82%from2010.Theworldisontracktogenerateawhopping(巨大的)82milliontonsofewastein2030.”（联合国一份令人警醒的新报告称，自2010年以来，全球电子垃圾的数量增长速度比收集和回收的速度快了五倍。该研究称，2022年产生了创纪录的6200万吨电子垃圾。这比2010年增加了82%。到2030年，全球预计将产生8200万吨电子垃圾。）可知，这些数据表明全球电子垃圾的数量增长速度之快以及预计产生的数量之大，说明全球电子垃圾的形势严峻。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，作者在文章中客观描述了全球电子垃圾的现状、问题以及处理方式的挑战，没有表现出明显的个人情感倾向，如赞同（Aapproving）、轻视（Dismissive）或冷漠（Indifferent）。因此，作者的态度是客观的（Objective）。故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段首先介绍电子垃圾的定义，第二段讲述全球电子垃圾的数量之多以及由此带来的环境问题，第三段具体介绍全球电子垃圾的增长速度之快以及预计产生的数量之大，第四段介绍国际社会为应对电子垃圾问题所做出的努力。由此可知，文章主要介绍了电子垃圾，包括其定义、现状以及应对措施。因此，文章的最佳标题为“Anintroductiontoewaste”（电子垃圾介绍）。故选D项。DWeknowthatwhatweeatanddrinkhasasignificantimpactonourhealth,andanewstudyhasfoundanotherconnectionbetweendrinkingcoffeeandbeinglesslikelytodevelopParkinson’sdisease.Lookingatdatacollectedon184,024individualsacrossanaverageof13years,theinternationalteamofresearchersbehindthestudyfoundthatcoffeeconsumershadalowerriskofgettingParkinsonthanthosethatdidn’tdrinkcoffeeatall.Thisisn’tthefirststudytofindalinkbetweencoffeeandParkinson,butitgoesfurtherthanpreviousresearchinthewayitlooksatbiomarkersofcaffeineintakeyearsaheadofParkinson’sdiseasebeingdiagnosed.Thetop25percentofcoffeedrinkerswerefoundtobe40percentlesslikelytodevelopParkinson,paredtothosewhodidn’tdrinkcoffeeatall.Acrossallcoffeeconsumersinthestudy,theriskreductionmeasuredvariedbetweenapproximately5to63percent,dependingonthecountry.Whiletheassociationstillheldwhenfactorssuchassmokinganddrinkingwereaccountedfor,it’sstillnotenoughtoprovedirectcauseandeffect.However,theredoesseemtobesomethingaboutcaffeineanditselementsthatisprotectingpeople’sbrains.Basedonpreviousresearch,it’sthoughtthatthewaycaffeinekeepsdopamine(多巴胺)flowinginthebrainmightbethereasonfortheseeffects.Parkinsoninthebrainischaracterizedbyareductionindopamine,duetoalossofnervecells.Consideringthewaythatcaffeinehitsourneurons,it’sperhapsnotsurprisingthatthereappearstobearelationshipwithneurodegenerativediseases.However,aswe’restillnotsurehowexactlyParkinson’sgetsstartedinthebrain,it’sdifficulttobesure.“Unraveling(解开)thebiologicalactionofcaffeineonParkinson’sdiseasenotonlycarriesimportantpublichealthimplicationsbutalsoenhancesourunderstandingofParkinson’sdiseaseetiologyandfosterspotentialpreventionstrategies,”theresearcherssaid.32.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byanalyzingcollecteddata. B.Byparingexperiments.C.Byusingpreviousresearchdata. D.Byparingpeopleindifferentfields.33.WhatmakescaffeinehelpprotectagainstParkinson’sdisease?A.Ithelpsreducethelevelsofdopamineinthebrain.B.Ithelpsincreasetheflowofdopamineinthebrain.C.Ithelpsreducetheproductionofnervecellsinthebrain.D.Ithelpsincreasetheproductionofnervecellsinthebrain.34.Whichstatementaboutthenewstudyistrue?A.ItisthefirsttimetofindalinkbetweencaffeineandParkinson.B.IthasconfirmedwhenParkinsongetsstarted.C.IthasprovedthedirectcauseandeffectofParkinson.D.Ithasasignificanteffectonpublichealth.35.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Adetectivestory.C.Asciencejournal. D.Adietmagazine.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了咖啡因有利于减缓帕金森病。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Lookingatdatacollectedon184,024individualsacrossanaverageof13years,theinternationalteamofresearchersbehindthestudyfoundthatcoffeeconsumershadalowerriskofgettingParkinsonthanthosethatdidn’tdrinkcoffeeatall.(研究人员研究了平均13年收集的184,024人的数据，发现喝咖啡的人患帕金森病的风险比不喝咖啡的人低)”可知，研究人员通过分析收集到的数据进行他们的研究。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Parkinsoninthebrainischaracterizedbyareductionindopamine,duetoalossofnervecells.(大脑中的帕金森氏症的特点是由于神经细胞的损失，多巴胺减少)”可知，咖啡因有助于预防帕金森病是因为它有助于增加大脑中多巴胺的流动。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Unraveling(解开)thebiologicalactionofcaffeineonParkinson’sdiseasenotonlycarriesimportantpublichealthimplicationsbutalsoenhancesourunderstandingofParkinson’sdiseaseetiologyandfosterspotentialpreventionstrategies,”theresearcherssaid.(研究人员说：“揭示咖啡因对帕金森病的生物学作用不仅具有重要的公共卫生意义，而且还增强了我们对帕金森病病因的理解，并促进了潜在的预防策略。”)”可知，D选项“它对公众健康有重大影响”正确。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Weknowthatwhatweeatanddrinkhasasignificantimpactonourhealth,andanewstudyhasfoundanotherconnectionbetweendrinkingcoffeeandbeinglesslikelytodevelopParkinson’sdisease.(我们都知道我们的饮食对我们的健康有重大影响，一项新的研究发现了喝咖啡和不太可能患帕金森病之间的另一种联系)”结合文章主要讲述了咖啡因有利于减缓帕金森病。可知，这篇文章可能来自科学杂志。故选C。第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDevelopaGrowthMindsetTherearetwotypesofmindset:fixedmindsetandgrowthmindset.Afixedmindsetkeepsyouinaboxofyourownmaking.However,agrowthmindsetisthatyoubelieveinthepossibilityofchangeandyoucanlearn,develop,andgrow.____36____.WeleChallengesChallengesareopportunitiesforgrowth.Welethechallengesyoufaceinlife.____37____.Ifyouwanttobeabetterbadmintonplayer,youneedtoplayplayerswhoarebetterthanyou.Thereisnochallengeinplayingaplayerwhoseskilllevelislowerthanyours.____38____Itisnaturaltoenjoypraiseandbehurtbycriticalopinions.Butyouneedtoliveyourownlifeanddowhatisrightforyouratherthanbeingpushedaboutbyotherpeople’sviewsonwhatyoushouldbedoing.Alwayschasingotherpeople’sapprovallimitsyourchoicestofollowingwhatisbestforyou.LoveYourCriticsNotallcriticismishelpful—youareclumsy,forexample,labelsthepersonwithoutofferinganyhintforimprovement.Constructivecriticismcontainssuggestionsforimprovedperformanceandisvitaltoyourlearning.Forexample—____39____.Itiscritical,butitcontainsamessageforselfimprovement.Youcanchangewhatyoudoandgetbetterresults.It’saMarathon,notaSprintBeinganindustryexpertorarecognizedspecialisttakestime.Youinvestthetimeinlearningandgrowingasanongoingprocess.Youneedtimetoseekoutandtrynewapproaches,workwithyourhabits,takeclasses,andread.____40____.A.Ididn’tlikeyourwritingB.BeMindfulaboutOtherPeople’sApprovalC.BeLessSensitivetoOtherPeople’sOpinionsD.HerearesomewaystodevelopagrowthmindsetE.YouneedtoworkhardandpatientlytobeanovernightsuccessF.TheymoveyououtofyourfortzoneandimproveyourskillsG.Ididn’tenjoyyourpresentationbecauseIcouldn’thearyouatthebackoftheroom【答案】36.D37.F38.C39.G40.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些培养成长型心态的方法。【36题详解】根据上文“Therearetwotypesofmindset:fixedmindsetandgrowthmindset.Afixedmindsetkeepsyouinaboxofyourownmaking.However,agrowthmindsetisthatyoubelieveinthepossibilityofchangeandyoucanlearn,develop,andgrow.(有两种心态：固定心态和成长型心态。固定的心态让你困在自己制造的盒子里。然而，成长型心态是指你相信改变的可能性，你可以学习、发展和成长)”可知，后文主要列举了培养成长型心态的方法，故D选项“这里有一些培养成长型心态的方法”符合语境，起到引领下文的作用。故选D。【37题详解】根据上文“Challengesareopportunitiesforgrowth.Welethechallengesyoufaceinlife.(挑战是成长的机遇。欢迎你在生活中面临的挑战)”指出，挑战是成长的机遇，应该要欢迎生活中面临的挑战；F选项“他们让你走出自己的舒适区，提高你的技能”承接上文，说明欢迎挑战的原因，选项中“They”指代上文中“challenges”。故选F。38题详解】设空处为小标题；根据本段内容“Itisnaturaltoenjoypraiseandbehurtbycriticalopinions.Butyouneedtoliveyourownlifeanddowhatisrightforyouratherthanbeingpushedaboutbyotherpeople’sviewsonwhatyoushouldbedoing.Alwayschasingotherpeople’sapprovallimitsyourchoicestofollowingwhatisbestforyou.(享受赞美和被批评的意见伤害是很自然的。但你需要过自己的生活，做对你来说正确的事，而不是被别人的观点所左右。总是追求别人的认可会限制你选择最适合自己的东西)”可知，本段的主旨是不要被他人的观点左右，即对他人的意见不敏感。故C选项“对别人的意见不那么敏感”符合语境，故选C。【39题详解】根据上文“Notallcriticismishelpfulyouareclumsy,forexample,labelsthepersonwithoutofferinganyhintforimprovement.Constructivecriticismcontainssuggestionsforimprovedperformanceandisvitaltoyourlearning.Forexample(不是所有的批评都是有益的——例如，你很笨拙，给这个人贴上了标签，却没有提供任何改进的暗示。建设性的批评包含了提升表现的建议，对你的学习至关重要。例如)”可知，本句主要是在举例说明建设性批评。故G选项“我不喜欢你的演讲，因为我在房间后面听不见”符合语境，故选G。【40题详解