2024年中考英语试题分类汇编：任务型阅读（补全短文完成表格）解析版

专题08任务型阅读（补全短文，完成表格）

类型一、补全短文：

根据短文内容，从短文后的A〜F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。有一个为多余选项

A.

（2024成都中考真题）

Takingagreatphotoisnoteasyandtherearelotsofthingstoconsider.Howdoyouchooseand

organizeyoursubjectswithinyourphoto?71Herearesometipsfromtheart,designand

photographyexperts.

Findafbcus.Whentakingapicture,askyourself,"What'sthefocus?^^Ifyouaretakingapictureofa

crowdedstreet,chooseasubjectwhichdrawsyoureye.72Ififsalandscapephotoofafield,the

fbcuscouldbeabigtree.

73It'sabitboringtoputyoursubjectrightinthemiddle.Placeitalittleontheleftorrightof

yourphoto.Imagineyourphotoisdividedintoathree-by-threegrid（网格）ofboxes.Oneofthecomersof

yourcentralsquareiswhereyourfbcusshouldbe.

Createcolorfulcontrasts（对比）.Colorinapictureismoreeasilynoticedifithasacontrast.74

Theywillstandoutmoreiftheyaretakenbesideagreystonewall,orphotographedagainstabrightblue

sky.

Trydifferentangles.Toaddmoreinteresttoaphoto,trytakingitfromdifferentangles.Thismeans

youneedtomovearound,takingphotosfromdifferentsides,fromaboveorfrombelow.Forexample,ifyou

photographabuildingfromaplaneitlookstinybutaphotoofthesamebuildinglookingupfromthestreet

makesitlookhuge.75

Practicemakesperfect.Tryeverythingfortheperfectshot.

A.Placethephotocorrectly.

B.Itcantelladifferentstory.

C.Remembertheruleofthirds.

D.Thinkaboutfocus,color,lightandmore.

E.Itcouldbeapersonwearingbrightcolors.

F.Ifyoutakeapictureofyellowflowers,don'tfillyourpicturewiththem.

【答案】71.D72.E73.C74.F75.B

【解析】

【导语】本文主要就如何拍好照片提出了几点建议。

【71题详解】

根据"Howdoyouchooseandorganizeyoursubjectswithinyourphoto?”可知，止匕处应回答和组织

照片中的主题，如何选择，D选项“想想焦点、颜色、光线等等”符合，故选D。

【72题详解】

根据"Ifyouaretakingapictureofacrowdedstreet,chooseasubjectwhichdrawsyoureye.”可矢口，提

到了在拥挤的街道上拍照，可能选择什么作为吸引自己眼球的参照物，E选项“可能是一个穿亮色衣

服的人”符合，故选E。

【73题详解】

根据"Imagineyourphotoisdividedintoathree-by-threegrid（网格）ofboxes.“可知，想象你的照片

被分成一个3乘3的格子，也就是要运用一定的法则来拍照，C选项“记住三分法则”符合，故选C。

【74题详解】

根据"Colorinapictureismoreeasilynoticedifithasacontrast”可知，此处应提到了某种颜色，F

选项“如果你拍一张黄花的照片，不要用它们填满你的照片”符合，故选F。

【75题详解】

根据"Trydifferentangles.Toaddmoreinteresttoaphoto,trytakingitfromdifferentangles”可矢口，止匕

处介绍从不同角度拍摄带来的好处，B选项“它可以讲述一个不同的故事”符合，故选B。

B.

（2024达州中考真题）

Everyonewantstobehappybutsometimesitcanbedifficulttomakeit.46

Smile.

Whenyou'rehappy,yousmile.Butbelieveitornot,whenyousmile,italsomakesyouhappy.

47

Doexercise.

Exerciseisn'tjustgoodforyourbody.48Itdoesn'tmatterwhatkindofexerciseyoudo.Try

playingbasketball,dancinginyourbedroom,orrunningwithyourdog.

Listentomusic.

Musicisalwaysagoodwaytobringmorehappinessintoyourlife!Musiccanhelpyourelaxafter

hardwork.Therearesomanyfeel-goodsongsandtheycansurelymakeyoufeelhappier.

49

Whynotspendtimeoutdoorsifyou'refeelingdown?Asimplewalkinthepark,visitinganearby

town,oreventakingyourlunchbreakoutsidecanworkwonders.

Dowhatyoulove.

Ifyouwanttobehappy,you'dbetterbewiththingsorpeoplethatmakeyoufeelgood.50

Whateverhappens,keepinagoodmoodeveryday!

A.Enjoynature.

B.Ahealthybodyisimportanttoyou.

C.Ifsalsogoodforyourmind.

D.Forexample,ifyoulikewatchingmovies,thenjustdothat!

E.Herearesomequickwaystomakeyoufeelhappier.

F'Sopracticesmilingevenwhenyoudon'tfeellikeit.

【答案】46.E47.F48.C49.A50.D

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍几个快速让你感觉更快乐的方法。

【46题详解】

根据"Everyonewantstobehappybutsometimesitcanbedifficulttomakeit.”和后文可矢口，此处承

上启下，引出对后文的介绍，选项E“这里有一些快速让你感觉更快乐的方法。”符合语境，故选E。

【47题详解】

根据"Whenyou'rehappy,yousmile.Butbelieveitornot,whenyousmile,italsomakesyouhappy.”

可知，本段建议微笑，选项F“所以，即使你不喜欢微笑，也要练习微笑。”符合语境，故选F。

[48题详解】

根据"Exerciseisn'tjustgoodforyourbody.“可知，此处介绍锻炼不仅对身体有好处，选项C“这对

你的头脑也有好处。”符合语境，故选C。

【49题详解】

根据"Whynotspendtimeoutdoorsifyou5refeelingdown?Asimplewalkinthepark,visitinga

nearbytown,oreventakingyourlunchbreakoutsidecanworkwonders.”可知，本段建议花点时间在户外，

选项A“享受大自然。”符合语境，故选A。

【50题详解】

根据"Dowhatyoulove.”可知，本段建议做你喜欢的事，选项D“例如，如果你喜欢看电影，那

就去看吧！”符合语境，故选D。

C.

（2024凉山中考真题）

Differentcountrieshavedifferentmannersaboutsocialsituations.InMexico,peopleshakehands

whentheymeetforthefirsttime.InBrazil,peoplesometimeskiss.InKorea,peopleusuallybow.Doyou

knowChinesefistandpalmsalute（拱手礼）？ItisoneofclassicgreetingmannersinChina.6]

Theoccasionsofmakingfistandpalmsalute

Forcenturies,Chinahasbeenknownasa“LiyiZhibang”.Nowadays,Chineseusuallyshakehands

whenmeetingothers,butsometimestheyalsomakefistandpalmsalute.62Peoplemakefistand

palmsalutewhentheyvisitsomeoneduringtheSpringFestivalorattendsomeone'sweddingceremony,

birthdaypartyandsoon.

Thehistoryoffistandpalmsalute

63ItstatedinWestZhouDynasty.Ifpeoplemetstrangers,theywouldprepareforafightif

necessary,andhandswerealwaysreadyforholdingweapons（武器）.Holdinghandstogetherpointedto

themselveswasameaningofexpressingkindness.LateritbecameoneoftraditionalChinesemannerswhen

meetingeachother.

64

Howdoyoumakefistandpalmsaluteproperly?First,standatattention.Then,ifyouareaman,

right-handhalf^fist,andthenleft-handholdtheright-handinfrontofyourchest.Forawoman,left-hand

half-fist,thenright-handputtheleft-handonthetop.Next,watcheachother,raisebothhandstobrow（额头）

andbenddown.65Also,youcouldsaysomeluckygreetingwordstoeachotherforthreetimes.

A.Nowlefslearnmoreaboutit.

B.Thewaytomakefistandpalmsalute

C.Whenandwheredopeopleuseit?

D.Itisoftenwidelyusedamongwesterncountries.

E.Finally,shakehandstowardseachotherforthreetimes.

F.Fistandpalmsalutehasahistoryofmorethan3000years.

【答案】61.A62.C63.F64.B65.E

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的拱手礼。

【61题详解】

根据"ItisoneofclassicgreetingmannersinChina.”及下文的介绍可知，此处是一句承上启下的话,

来介绍一些有关拱手礼的内容，A选项“现在让我们进一步了解它”符合，故选A。

【62题详解】

根据"PeoplemakefistandpalmsalutewhentheyvisitsomeoneduringtheSpringFestivalorattend

someone'sweddingceremony,birthdaypartyandsoon”可知，此处提到了何时何地使用拱手礼，C选项

“人们在何时何地使用它”符合，故选C。

【63题详解】

根据"ItstatedinWestZhouDynasty.”可知，介绍拱手礼的历史，F选项“拱手礼已有3000多年的

历史”符合，故选F。

【64题详解】

根据"Howdoyoumakefistandpalmsaluteproperly”可知，介绍使用拱手礼的正确方式，B选项

“拱手礼的方式”符合，故选B。

【65题详解】

根据"First...Next”可知，此处应提到最后怎么做，E选项“最后，互相握手三次”符合，故选E。

完成表格阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，并将其答案的完整形式写

在答题卡上相应的位置。每空一词。

D.

（2024眉山中考真题）

"Look!Hereisablack-facedspoonbill（琵鹭）attheFutianMangrove（红树林）Ecological（生态的）

Park,“saidYanZihan,a15-year-oldstudentfromShenzhen,Guangdong.16

Someexpertssaid,"'SpoonbillscanlivehappilyinShenzhenbecausemangrovesprovidethemwith

foodandhome.Generally,thespecialplantsgrowinwarmplacesbythesea.”

17Soitsmangroveareahasincreasedfrom22,000hectares（公顷）in2001to27,000

hectarestoday,makingChinaoneofthefewcountriesintheworldwithanincreaseinmangroveareas.

Recently,theworld'sfirstinternationalmangrovecenterhasbeensetupinShenzhen.18Local

governmenthastriedhardtoprotectmangroves.Forexample,backinthe1990swhenthecitywasbuilding

aroadalongthecoast,insteadofjustcuttingdownthemangroves,theydecidedtomovetheroad260

meterstothenorth.19

TheprotectionofmangrovesisalsogoodforthepeoplelivinginShenzhen.Theparkhostsfunevents

likethespoonbillfestivalandtheotter（水獭）festival.20Studentscanlearnaboutnaturethrough

programslikeresearchingonmangrovesordesigningthepark.From2019on,over3,000studentsand

teachershavetakenpartineducationalactivitiesaboutwetlandsatthepark.

A.Chinaworkshardtoprotectmangroves.

B.Thetransportationbecamemoreconvenientthanbefore.

C.Peoplecanjoiningamesandcreatepicturebooksabouttheanimals.

D.Thisdecisionhelpedtosavetheimportantmangroveecosystem（生态系统）inthecity.

E.Hefeltveryexcitedtoseethiskindofendangeredbirds.

F.Thecityishometo296.18hectaresofmangrovesaccordingtoPeoplesDaily.

【答案】16.E17.A18.F19.D20.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在红树林保护方面中国、政府和人民所做的努力。

【16题详解】

根据“Look!Hereisablack-facedspoonbill（琵鹭）attheFutianMangrove（红树林）Ecological（生态

的）Park”可知，此处介绍一个学生在福田红树林生态园看到了一只黑脸琵鹭。故选项E“看到这种濒

临灭绝的鸟类，他感到非常兴奋。”符合语境。故选E。

【17题详解】

根据"Soitsmangroveareahasincreasedfrom22,000hectares（公顷）in2001to27,000hectares

today…”可知，本段介绍中国在保护红树林方面作出的努力。故选项A“中国努力保护红树林。”符合

语境。故选A。

【18题详解】

根据"Recently,theworld'sfirstinternationalmangrovecenterhasbeensetupinShenzhen....Local

governmenthastriedhardtoprotectmangroves.”可知，本段介绍深圳市内的红树林情况以及当地政府为

保护红树林作出的努力。故选项F“据《人民日报》报道，这座城市拥有296.18公顷的红树林。”符合

语境。故选F。

【19题详解】

根据"Forexample,backinthe1990swhenthecitywasbuildingaroadalongthecoast,insteadofjust

cuttingdownthemangroves,theydecidedtomovetheroad260meterstothenorth”可知，止匕处介绍深圳市

政府为保护红树林采取的举措产生的影响。故选项D“这一决定有助于拯救该市重要的红树林生态系

统。”符合语境。故选D。

【20题详解】

根据"Theparkhostsfuneventslikethespoonbillfestivalandtheotter（水獭）festival.“可知，止匕处介

绍保护红树林对深圳人民的好处，公园举办了一些有趣的活动，人们可以参与到其中。故选项C“人

们可以参加游戏，制作关于动物的图画书。”符合语境。故选C。

E.

（2024南充中考真题）

Ifsportsaresomethingthatinterestsyou,youmustwanttoknowhowtobegoodatthem.Succeeding

atasporttakesskill.3]Skillalonemaytakeyoufar,butyou'llnevergoallthewaywithoutthe

rightattitudeandteamspirit.Thefollowingtipscanhelpyoubeabettersportsplayer

Joinasportsteam.Ifyou9reinterestedinsports,joiningateamisagoodwaytostart.32You

arelikelytodevelopfriendshipswithatleastsomeofyourteammembers.Besides,evenifyourskillsare

low,joiningateamwillimproveyourskills.

Setbigbutrealistic（现实的）goalsforyourself.Thisdoesnotmeanbeingunrealistic,orsaying

you'regoingtogoprofessionalwithinayear.Instead,youshouldtakealookatwhatyouare,anddecide

whereyouthinkyouwouldliketobe.33

Beagoodsport.Beinggoodatsportsmeansmorethanphysicalstrengthandspeed.34Ifyou

failinamatch,acceptthelossandshowrespecttootherplayersfortheirvictory.Treatlossasalearning

experience.Findoutwhatyoudidwrong,andthentrytoimproveitforthenextgame.

35Ifspossibletogetsocrazyaboutwinningthatyouforgetwhyyouwanttobegoodatthe

verybeginning.Nottakingthetimetoenjoythesportyouplayresultsinafastburnout.Whetheryou're

practisingorplayingacompetition,rememberitisthejoythatmatters.

A.Letyourselfhavefun.

B.Stayfocusedonthecompetition.

C.Exercisingwithothersisveryenjoyableandencouraging.

D.Inordertobetrulygreat,youneedtobepositivetowardsfailure.

E.Breakabiggoaldownintosmallparts,andachievethemstepbystep.

F.However,otherthingsshouldbeconsideredifyouwanttobeagoodsportsplayer.

【答案】31.F32.C33.E34.D35.A

【解析】

【导语】本文介绍了如何成为一名更好的运动员。

【31题详解】

根据"Succeedingatasporttakesskill."和"Skillalonemaytakeyoufar,“可矢口，此处存在转折，单凭

技术可能会让你走得更远，也需要考虑其他方面。选项F“然而，如果你想成为一名优秀的运动员，

还应该考虑其他事情。”符合语境。故选F。

【32题详解】

根据"Ifyou'reinterestedinsports,joiningateamisagoodwaytostart.”可知，加入团队是进行体育

锻炼一个好的开始。选项C“和别人一起锻炼是非常愉快和令人鼓舞的。”符合语境。故选C。

【33题详解】

根据"Setbigbutrealistic（现实的）goalsforyourself.”可知，此处内容和设定目标相关。选项E“把

一个大目标分解成一个个小目标，一步一步地去实现。”符合语境。故选E。

【34题详解】

根据"Ifyoufailinamatch,acceptthelossandshowrespecttootherplayersfortheirvictory.”可矢口，

此处是说我们要积极接受失败。选项D“为了成为真正伟大的人，你需要积极地面对失败。”符合语境。

故选D。

【35题详解】

根据"Whetheryou'repractisingorplayingacompetition,rememberitisthejoythatmatters.,9RT知，

本段主要讲述运动时快乐很重要。选项A“让自己玩得开心。”符合语境。故选A。

F.

（2024遂宁中考真题）

Adolescence（青春期）isadifficulttimeforteenagers.Ittakesplacewhenyou'reagedbetween

thirteenandnineteen.56Forexample,youusedtobehappytobewithyourparents,butnowyou

needyourownspace.Inthepast,yourparentsmademostdecisionsfbryou,butnowyouwanttodecide

thingsbyyourself.

Infact,thesechangesareperfectlynormal.Butifsimportanttorememberthatthey511influenceyour

relationshipwithyourparents.57

First,letyourparentsknowyoulovethemallthetime.58Theymaynotsayso,butthey911

probablyfeelasenseofloss.

Secondly,59Youmayfeeltheseareunnecessary,butyourparents5mainworryisjusttokeep

yousafe.Sotryyourbesttofollowtherulesandsticktothem.Itmayfeellikeatroubletoalwaysremember

tophonethemandletthemknowwhereyou're,butmaketheeffortanyway.

Finally,it'sallaboutcommunication!60Tellthemwhatyoudidtodayandletthemknow

whereyou5regoing.Besides,askforadviceifyouneed.Allinall,themoreyoucommunicatewiththem,

themorethey911trustyou.

A.followyourfamilyrules.

B.Keeptalkingtoyourparents.

C.followyourparents5suggestions.

D.Asyourbodychanges,youalsobegintothinkandfeeldifferently.

E.Intheireyes,theyhaveforeverlostthelittlechildyouusedtobe.

F.Thenhowcanyoumakesurethatyougetonwellwithyourparents?

【答案】56.D57.F58.E59.A60.B

【解析】

【导语】本文主要讲了青春期怎样才能和父母相处融洽。

【56题详解】

根据"Adolescence（青春期）isadifficulttimeforteenagers.Ittakesplacewhenyou'reagedbetween

thirteenandnineteen....Forexample,youusedtobehappytobewithyourparents,butnowyouneedyour

ownspace.”可知，此处介绍青春期的变化，选项D“当你的身体发生变化时，你也开始有不同的想法

和感觉。”符合语境，故选D。

【57题详解】

根据"Butifsimportanttorememberthatthey'llinfluenceyourrelationshipwithyourparents.”和后

文可知，介绍如何跟父母相处，选项F“那么你如何确保你和你的父母相处得很好呢？”符合语境，故

选F。

【58题详解】

根据"Theymaynotsayso,butthey911probablyfeelasenseofloss.“可知，此处提到父母的失落感，

选项E“在他们眼里，他们永远失去了曾经的你。”符合语境，故选E。

【59题详解】

根据"Sotryyourbesttofollowtherulesandsticktothem.”可知,此处建议遵守规则并坚持下去,

选项A“遵守你的家规。”符合语境，故选A。

[60题详解】

根据"Finally,ifsallaboutcommunication!”可知，此处与沟通相关，选项B"继续和你的父母说话。”

符合语境，故选B。

G.

（2024宜宾中考真题）

Whyaregoodeatinghabitsimportant?Yourbodyislikeasuper-strong,super-speedymachine,and

thefoodyoueatiswhatkeepsyougoing.3]Eatingtherightfoodhelpsyourbodyrunsmoothlyand

staystrong.

Giveyouenergy'

Thefoodyoueatgivesyouenergytorun,jumpandplay.Proteins（蛋白质）areagoodchoice.

32

Helpyougrow.

Areyoutryingtogettallerandstronger?Eatingthingssuchaschicken,fishandbeansdoesgoodto

yourgrowth.

33

Somefoodsareliketinydoctors.Fruitsandvegetables,suchasapplesandcarrots,haveanactive

influenceonyourbodyifsomethinggoeswrong,likewhenyouhavealittlecold.

Keepyouslim.

Sometimespeopleeattoomuchsugarorfattyfoods,andifslikeputtingtoomuchweightinyour

backpack.34Eatingagoodmixoffoodscanhelpyoustaylight.

Howcanyoustarteatingbetter?Firstly,eatallkindsoffoods.35Don'tbetoopicky（挑食）.

Next,havethreemealsaday.Youaresupposedtohaveeachmealontime.Lastly,drinkwater.Asagarden

needswatering,yourbodyneedswatertoo.

A.Makeyouhealthy.

B.Exerciseeveryday.

C.Eachkindisgoodforyourhealth.

D.Itgetsheavyandmakesyoutired.

E.Ifsjustlikeputtingtherightoilinyourcar.

F.Eggsandmilkprovidepowerforeverymovementyoumake.

【答案】31.E32.F33.A34.D35.C

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍良好的饮食习惯很重要，并给出一些吃得更好的建议。

【31题详解】

根据"Yourbodyislikeasuper-strong,super-speedymachine,andthefoodyoueatiswhatkeepsyou

going.”可知，此处将身体和机器作比较，选项E“这就像给你的车加对油一样。”符合语境，故选E。

【32题详解】

根据"proteins（蛋白质）areagoodchoice.”可知，此处提到蛋白质，鸡蛋和牛奶都富含蛋白质，选

项F“鸡蛋和牛奶为你的每一个动作提供能量。”符合语境，故选F。

【33题详解】

根据"Somefoodsareliketinydoctors.”可知，有些食物就像小医生，可以帮你健康，选项A”让你

健康。”符合语境，故选A。

【34题详解】

根据"Sometimespeopleeattoomuchsugarorfattyfoods,andifslikeputtingtoomuchweightin

yourbackpack.”可知，吃太多的糖或高脂肪的食物就像在你的背包里放了太多的重量，选项D“它变得

很重，让你很累。”符合语境，故选D。

【35题详解】

根据"Firstly,eatallkindsoffoods....Don'tbetoopicky（挑食）.”可知,此处建议吃各种各样的食物,

不要挑食，选项C“每一种都对你的健康有益。”符合语境，故选C。

H.

（2024自贡中考真题）

Doyoulikestaycation（宅度假）？Itcanberelaxingandsavemoney.4]

Firstly,youcantravelinyourcitylikeatourist.42Youmightdiscoversomethinggreat

rightwhereyoulive.Youcantrydifferentfoodsatlocalrestaurants,too.

43Choosemoviesthatyouloveortheonesyou'veneverseenbefore.Makeyourliving

roomcomfortable.Havethelightsoffforabettermovieexperience.

44Cleanyourdeskorputawayyourbooks.Thismightnotsoundlikefun,butitfeelsgreat.

Youwillcreateapeacefulspacewhereyoucanenjoyspendingtime.

Lastly,youcanstartasmallgardenorplantsomeflowers.45Watchingyourplantsgrow

everydaycanbringalotofjoy.

Allinall,youdon'tneedtogofartohaveawonderfulholiday.Themostimportantthingistohave

fun.

A.It'sagoodideatogotothemovietheater.

B.Organizingyourroomisalsoagoodidea.

C.Herearesomeideasforagreatstaycation.

D.Visitlocalmuseums,parks,ornewplacesinyourcity.

E.Youcanwatchmovieswithsnacksanddrinksathome.

F.Gardeningisapeacefulhobbythatcanmakeyouhappy.

【答案】41.C42.D43.E44.B45.F

【解析】

【导语】本文给出一些宅度假的建议。

【41题详解】

根据"Doyoulikestaycation（宅度假）？Itcanberelaxingandsavemoney.”和后文可知，介绍一些宅

度假的建议，选项C“这里有一些很棒的宅度假的建议。”符合语境，故选C。

【42题详解】

根据"Firstly,youcantravelinyourcitylikeatourist.”可知，此处建议像游客一样在自己的城市旅

行，选项D“参观当地的博物馆、公园或你所在城市的新地方。”符合语境，故选D。

【43题详解】

根据"Choosemoviesthatyouloveortheonesyou'veneverseenbefore.Makeyourlivingroom

comfortable.”可知，此处建议在家看电影，选项E“你可以在家里边看电影边吃零食和饮料。”符合语

境，故选E。

[44题详解】

根据"Cleanyourdeskorputawayyourbooks.”可知,此处建议整理房间，选项B“整理你的房间

也是一个好主意。”符合语境，故选B。

[45题详解】

根据"Lastly,youcanstartasmallgardenorplantsomeflowers.”可知，此处建议建一个小花园或种

植一些花，选项F“园艺是一种平和的爱好，能让你快乐。”符合语境，故选F。

类型二：完成表格

A.

（2024成都中考真题）

根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。

Humanshavelongtriedtopredict（预测）theweather.Fromthehuntersofancienttimestotoday's

pilots,predictingrainorshinecanshapepeople'slifeandmakeadifference.

In650BC,theBabylonianstriedtopredicttheweatherbasedontheappearanceofclouds.Around

340BC,Aristotle,afamousGreekthinkerandscientist,wroteMeteorologica.Itintroducedthetypesof

weather,suchasrain,cloudandlightning.Aristotlebelievedthattherewaswater,airandfirearoundthe

Earth.Itwasalmost2,000yearsbeforehisideaswerereplacedbynewones.

By300BCinChina,acalendardividedtheyearinto24festivalsgradually,eachfestivalrelatedtoa

typeofweather,liketheRainWater（thestartofthespringrains）,theWakingofInsects（thespringthunder

awakenssleepinginsects）andsoon.Thatwasusefulforfarmerstoplanwhentoplantandharvest（收获）.

Peopleusedlotsofwaystopredicttheweatheroverthecenturies.Youmighthaveheardthe

expressionslike“Redskyatnight,sailor'sdelight”,whichsuggestsaredskyintheeveningisfollowedby

goodweather.Thishasabasisinscience,asdoestellingwinddirectionthroughsmokefromthefire.Onthe

otherhand,somethoughtthatifsheepcrowdedtogether,itmeantrain.Butthereisn'tanysciencebehindit.

Thescienceofweatherpredictionreallytookoffinthe1830swiththeinventionofthetelegraph.It

sentmessagesoverhundredsofthousandsofmiles,soweathermapsweredrawnupandstormsystemswere

studied.Thenextbigstepcameinthe1920swiththeinventionofthe"radiosonde”,aballooncarrying

weatherinstrumentshighabovethegroundtocollectinformation.Expertstooktheinformationandbuilta

pictureoftheweatheroverthefollowingfewdays.

Today,supercomputersareusedtotakedata（数据）fromtheworldandprocessitveryfasttowork

outtheweather.Forexample,theyoncehelpedpredictwhereHurricaneLee,whichhittheUSandCanada,

wouldlandninedaysinadvance（提前）.

0自

040u

自340BC<>/Wistollcformedtheideasaboutweather.

300BC<►InChina.24festivalsguidedpeoplean..-■

Peoplehadmanytopredicttheweather,like3

宫

thesk>>.anirrutlsandsoon.*Theywere3scicm

Tclcgxnphmarkedthe-4-<ofmodemsciencein

0prcdictingttheweather.■

0Racliosondchelpedgictinformationatahigherlevel.

。

.

78.79.80.

【答案】76.science77.farming78.partly79.use80.process

【解析：］

【导语】本文讲述了长期以来，人类一直试图预测天气。

【76题详解】

根据“Thescienceofweatherpredictionreallytookoffinthe1830swiththeinventionofthe

telegraph.”可知预测天气人们从以前靠经验到现在的利用科学，science“科学”，故填scienceo

【77题详解】

根据“By300BCinChina,acalendardividedtheyearinto24festivalsgradually...Thatwasuseful

forfarmerstoplanwhentoplantandharvest（收获）.”可知24节气可以在农业方面指导农民农作，

farming"农业"，故填farmingo

【78题详解】

根据"Peopleusedlotsofwaystopredicttheweatheroverthecenturies...Thishasabasisinscience,

asdoestellingwinddirectionthroughsmokefromthefire.Ontheotherhand,somethoughtthatifsheep

crowdedtogether,itmeantrain.Butthereisn'tanysciencebehindit.”可知几个世纪以来，人们用彳艮多方法

来预测天气，有部分是有科学依据的，partly“部分地”副词修饰形容词，故填partly。

【79题详解】

根据“Thescienceofweatherpredictionreallytookoffinthe1830swiththeinventionofthe

telegraph.”可知电报的发明标志着现代科学在预测天气中的使用，use“使用”，故填use。

【80题详解】

根据"Today,supercomputersareusedtotakedata（数据）fromtheworldandprocessitveryfastto

workouttheweather.”可知超级计算机可以以非常快的速度从世界上获取并处理数据来计算天气。情态

动词can后接动词原形，process”处理"，故填process。

B.

（2024南充中考真题）

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺信息，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上，每

空限填一词。

WelcometotheAmazonrainforest.Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,itplaysanimportantrolein

keepingthebalancedecosystem（生态系统）ontheEarth.Withanareaofaround6millionsquare

kilometers,theAmazonrainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.Thisareahasagreatmanyspecies（物

种）.Actually,oneintenknownspeciesintheworldcanbefoundhere.

Ofthe390,000plantspeciesknowntous,morethan40,000canbefoundintheAmazon.Thereare

differentlevelsintheforest.Atthebottomisasystemofrootsundertheground.Abovethatisleaflitteron

thedarkforestfloor.Thenextlevelismadeupofshorterplantswithlargeleaves.Thentherearethe

toweringancienthardwoods,andfinallythetopsofthetreeswhicharetallerthananyotherleveloftreesin

theforest.Eachleveloftheforestformsitsownlittleworld,hometodifferentkindsoflivingthings.

Morethan1,300speciesofbirdsandover400speciesofmammals（哺孚L动物）hideamongthe

fbresfsplantlife.Thisjaguarisoneexample.Whilealargenumberofjaguarssurvivehere,theyareonly

onepartofthisfbresfsfoodchain（食物链）.Theyfeedonatleast87species,includingfrogs.Thesefrogs,

inturn,feedoninsectswhic