大学英语六级模拟试卷570

大学英语六级模拟试卷570

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledIsRichSecond

GenerationtheFallenGeneration?Youshouldwritealleast150wordsfollowingthe

outlinegivenbelow.1.新闻舆论使“富二代”一词进入人们的视线2.有人认为富二

代是堕落的一代3.我的看法IsRichSecondGenerationtheFallenGeneration?

标准答案：IsRichSecondGenerationtheFallenGeneration?Recentlybrowsing

throughthenewspaperortheInternet,youmayfindmanypiecesofnewsaboutthe

extravaganceofcertaingroupofyoungpeople.Theyarelivingingrandvillas,

possessingluxuriouscars,expensiveclothesandjewels.Someofthemareevenfondof

showingofftheirluxuriestothepublic.Nowwcnamethemthe"richsecondgeneration".

Ofcourse,everyonehastherighttochoosehislifestyle,whetheritbeplainor

extravagant.Butitiswell-knownthatnopainnogain,somanypeoplebegantoquestion

thebehaviorsoftherichsecondgeneration:Arctheseyoungpeoplewastingthewealth

laboriouslyaccumulatedbytheirparents?Whatelsecantheydoexceptindulgence?

Manypeopleequatetherichsecondgenerationwiththefallengeneration.Tobefrank,

theidle,arrogantandextravagantrichsecondgenerationdoesdisgustme,butIcan'tsay

thatallofthemareincurablydegenerate.Therearemoreyoungwealthypeoplelooking

uptotheirparentsasrolemodelstoadvanceevenmore.Ithink,withguidance,theonce

spoiledrichsecondgenerationcouldalsobeproductiveandsociallyconsciouspeople.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

GameTheory:ClimateTalksDestinedtoFailAmodestlysuccessfuloutcomefromthe

latestroundofinternationalclimatechangenegotiationsinCancun,Mexico,has

supportersbreathingahugesighofrelief.Afterlastyear'ssessioninCopenhagen,

Denmark,mostgovernmentsandactivistswereputonthedefensivetoprovethat

multilateralactiononglobalwanningwasevenpossible.Theynowfeeljustified.But

evenasoptimismstrengthensaheadofthenextyear'smajorconferenceinSouth

Africa,oncfamouspredictorsaysit'sstillmorelikelythatwellseearepeatof

Copenhagen'sperformancetowardtheendof2011.Lastyear,BruceBuenodeMesquita,

aNewYorkUniversityprofessorandpartnerinaManhattanconsultancy,famously

predictedtheflatoutcomeatCopenhageninanarticlehepennedforForeignPolicy

magazine,onemonthbeforethatconferencebegan.Confidenceinthecomputermodelhe

designedthatledtothatconclusioninformshisviewsonwherethetalksareheaded

next;Namely,multilateralnegotiationswillnotfixtheclimatechangeproblem,regardless

ofwhatU.N.officialsandothersclaim,"It'sdepressing,itiswhatitis,butunfortunately

itwasright,“BuenodeMcsquitasaidinaninterview.'Wegotnothingoutof

Copenhagen."BuenodeMesquitamakesalivingbycalculatingthelikelyoutcomesto

variousscenariosunderthelensofgametheory,amathematicaltoolpoliticalscientists

usetobetterunderstandhowpowerrelationshipsinformvariousstrategiesin

negotiations.Byapplyingnumericalvaluestotheinfluenceandattitudesofactors,hehas

usedhisprivatesoftwaretoaccuratelypredicttheoutcomeofelections,foreignaid

spendingdecisionsandtheCopenhagentalks."Universaltreatieshaveoneoftwo

qualities,"BuenodeMesquitasaidinexplainingthemodeling."Theydon'taskpeopleto

changewhatthey'redoing,andsothey'rehappytosignon...oritasksforfundamental

changesinbehavioranditlacksmonitoringandpunishingprovisionsthatarecredible."

Hismainargument:Governmentsprobablywon'tconcludeamajorinternationaltreatyto

reduceatmosphericconcentrationsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,ever.

Andeveniftheydo,anysuchtreatywon'tactuallywork.ThustheessenceoftheKyoto

Protocol（京都议定书），nowscheduledtoexpireattheendof2012,hesaid.That

agreementwasachievedbecausedevelopingcountriesdon'thavetodoanythingto

comply,andthushappilysignedon,whiledevelopedcountriesweresatisfiedthatthey

facednoactualpunishmentfornotmeetingtheiremissionsreductiontargets.Andeven

then,theUnitedStatesfeltcompelledtolaterleavethetreaty,afurtherindicationofthe

difficultyoftheclimatechangeproblem,saidBuenodeMesquita.Industrialnationsact

individually,butpublicsupponweakensInotherwordsJusibecauseclimatechangeisa

seriousproblemdoesn'tmeanpoliticianswillcometogethertoactuallydosomething

aboutit,hcsaid.Firstandforemost,leaderswilkbyandlarge,actonwhatkeepsthemin

powerorhelpsthemtogetre-elected,andpromisingtheirconstituentslighteconomic

painnowforvaguelyunderstoodbenefitsyearsintothefutureisn'tawinningformula.u

Peoplehaveatendencytoslidetooeasilyfromthefactsofamattertothepolitical

responseasifthefactssimplydictatewhatpoliticiansdobecausepoliticiansaregoingto

dowhatisgoodforsociety,"saidBuenodeMesquita."It'sanice

thought;unfortunately,it'snothowithappens.Politiciansareoutforpoliticians."The

modelingheledhisstudentsthroughlastyear,usingthesamemethodologythathasmade

hisNewYorkfirm,Mesquita&RoundcllLLC,asuccess,predictsthatoverthenext30

to40years,developednationswillgraduallyadoptemissionsstandardsmorestrictthan

thosecalledforunderKyotoProtocolinfitsandstarts.Atthesametime,realpublic

supportforthesemoveswillgraduallyweaken.That'sbecauseemissionsrateswill

continuetoincreaseinBrazil,Indiaandotherrapidlydevelopingnations,morethan

offsettinganycutsachievedinthericherworld.Althoughnegotiatorsareaimingfor

steepcutsinemissionsby2050,thecomputermodelpredictsthatbythistime,theworld

willcometorealizethatmultilateraleffortssimplyaren'tworking.Andbytheendofthe

century,"politicalwillfortougherregulationswillhavedriedupalmostcompletely,"

BuenodeMesquitawritesinhisForeignPolicypiece.Thereasoningbehindthemodelis

spelledoutinBuenodeMesquita's2009bookThePredictioneer'sGame:Usingthe

LogicofBrazenSelf-interesttoSeeandShapetheFuture.ACentralIntelligenceAgency

assessmentsayshismethodologyis90percentaccurate.PeterWood,amathematician

andfellowattheAustralianNationalUniversitywhostudieshowgametheoryappliesin

climatenegotiations,seesaninherentprisoners*dilemmaatworkhere."Climate

negotiationsthemselvesarenotaprisoners'dilemma,butaddressinggreenhousegas

emissionsintheabsenceofinternationalcoordinationisverysimilartoaprisoners'

dilemma,leadingtoasub-optimaloutcomeWoodexplained."Thisisbecause(almost)

everycountrywantsglobalemissionreductions,butwouldpreferthatsomeoneelsetake

ontheburden."SothenwhydidtheMontrealProtocolwork?Woodisn'tasfatalisticas

BuenodeMesquita'smodel.Hebelievesanewglobaltreatycanbeachievedby

December2011,orattheveryleastasetofindividualagreementsalongthelinesspelled

outatCancun-moneyforadaptationinthedevelopingworld,ananti-deforestation

strategy,andothersteps.Thekeyistoovercomethefree-riderproblembyincorporating

theappropriateincentivesthatwillgetnationstocooperate."Onewaythatthiscould

workistolinkcooperationonclimatechangewithcooperationonotherissues,suchas

trade,"saidWood."Ifacountryintroducesacarbonprice,itmayalsowanttointroduce

a'bordertaxadjustment'onemissions-intensiveimportedgoods."TheNYUprofessor

agreesthatmankindcaneventuallysolvetheproblem,justnotalongthelines

governmentsarecurrentlyattemptingto."Thenature...ofinternational,globaltreatiesis

thattheyalmostalwaysfailtodoanything,"hesaid."Peoplegetsocaughtupinthe

flowerywordstheydon'tfocus,frommypointofview,onwheretheymighthavea

politicalshotatbeingsuccessful."There'snologicalbasisinthefamoussayingthat"

globalproblemsrequireglobalsolutions,"hesays,contendingthataseriesoflocalized,

grass-rootsorunilateralinitiativescanadduptoasolutionifpursuedappropriately.

BuenodeMesquitawouldevenliketoapplyhisgametheorymodelingagain,toseeifit

canprovidecluesastowhysomemultilateralagreements,liketheMontrealProtocol,do

work.Unfortunately,nogovernmentorinstitutionseemsinterested,hesays,perhaps

fearfuloftheconclusionsthatwouldbereached."Actually,I,withcolleaguesinGermany

andNetherlands,putinseveralgrantproposalstodothat,andnotjusttodothatbutalsoto

identifystrategicsforimprovingoutcomes,"hesaid."Wcnevergetfunded."

2、Whatdogovernmentsandactiviststhinkofmultilateralactiononglobalwarming?

A、Theythinkitispossible.

B、Theydefendagainstit.

C、Theythinkitmayachieveasuccessfuloutcome.

D、Theythinknationsshouldsighforit.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查政府和活动家们是如何看待针对全球变暖的多方行动的。定

位句指出，在去年的哥本哈根会议以后，大多数政府和活动家都要去证明此多方行

动是可行的。A)是对原文的同义转述，故为本题答案。

Theprobableresultsofvariousscenarioscanbecalculatedbyusing.

A、politicaltools

powerrelationships

C^gametheory

D、strategicsinnegotiations

标准答案：c

知识点解析：本题考查各种情况的结果的可能性都可以通过什么计算出来。定位句

提到可以用gametheory"博弈论”来计算这些可能性，probableresults是原文中

likelyoutcomes的同义转述；原文中的underthelensof意为“通过透镜看”，此处相

当于byusing。故答案为C）。

4、BuenodeMesquitamainlyarguesthatgovernmentsmaybeunwillingto.

A、ensurethesignedtreatyworks

B、agreeonreducingconcentrationsofcarbondioxide

C、askpeopletochangewhattheyaredoing

D、monitorandpunishthosewhoviolatethetreaty

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查BuenodeMesquita认为政府不情愿做什么事情。定位句指

出，政府可能不会缔结关于减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的大气浓度这一国际条

约。B）是对原文的同义转述，故为本题答案。

5、ThattheUnitedStatesleftthetreatysuggeststhat.

A、thedevelopedcountriesareunwillingtocomply

theKyotoProtocolwillexpireinafewmonths

C、theclimatechangeproblemisdifficulttosolve

D、theemissionsreductiontargetshavebeenachieved

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查美国退出《京都议定书》说明了什么。定位句指出，美国感

到受迫退出《京都议定书》说明应对气候变化问题的困难。C）是对原文的同义转

述，故为本题答案。

6、AccordingtoBuenodeMesquita,whatdecidespoliticians'responsestoclimate

change?

A、Whetheritbenefitsthepeople.

B、Whetheritbenefitsthesociety.

C、Whetheritbenefitstheenvironment.

D、Whetheritbenefitsthemselves.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查或据BuenodeMesquita的看法，是什么因素决定了政客们

对于气候变化所做出的应对。定位段指出，人们倾向于认为有益社会这一因素是决

定政客们做出应对的因素，但事实不是这样，政客们只会出于自己作为政客的目的

来做出应对。D）是原文的同义转述，故为本题答案。

7、ThemodelingbyBuenodeMesquitapredictsthat.

A^thericherworldwillacceptmorestrictemissionsstandards

B>publicsupportfbiiicheiworldwillcuiiliuue,thoughilweakenslorpoorerworld

C^developednationswillleaveKyotoProtocolbecauseit'stoostrict.

D、emissionsrateswillbehigherindevelopingnationsthanindevelopednations

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查BuenodeMesquita的modeling能够准确预测什么。由定位

段可知，这个建模预测发达国家将逐渐采取更加严格的排放标准。A）是原文的同

义转述，故为本题答案。

8、WhichaspectofMesquita'smethodologyishighlyapprovedbyCentralIntelligence

Agency?

A、Itsefficiency.

B、Itsaccuracy.

C、Itsreasoning.

D^Itsprediction.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查美国中央情报局高度赞许Mesquita的方法的哪一方面。定

位句指出，美国中央情农局评价说他的方法达到90%的准确率，也就是说该方法

的准确性得到肯定。accuracy是原文中accurate的名词形式，故B）为本题答案。

9、AccordingtoPeterWood,withoutinternationalcoordination,addressinggreenhouse

gasemissionsisquitelike.

标准答案：aprisoners'dilemma

知识点解析：本题考查PelerWood认为如果没有国际合作，应对温室气体排放就

像什么。根据定位句可知，在缺乏国际合作的情况下，应对温室气体排放就像囚徒

困境，无法得到最好的结果。quitelike相当于原文中的verysimilarto,故a

prisoners^ilemma为本题答案。

10、Theincorporationoftheappropriateincentives,whichwillmakenationscooperate

witheachother,willovercome.

标准答案：thefree-riderproblem

知识点解析：本题考查适当的激励措施可以解决什么。定位句指出，关键是通过合

并能促使国家间合作的、适当的激励措施以克服搭便车的问题。故thefree-rider

problem为本题答案。

11、Toseewhysomemultilateralagreementswork,BuenodeMesquitawouldagain

applyhis.

标准答案：gamethcor）zmodeling

知识点解析：本题考查为了解某些多边协议能够起作用的原因，BuenodeMesquita

会再一次应用什么。根裾定位句可知，BuenodeMesquita可能会再次应用其博弈论

建模来考查为什么某些多边协议能够起作用。故game由corymodeling为本题答

案。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分0）

12、

A、Impossible.

B>Reasonable.

C^Troublesome.

D^Attainable.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：对话中女士问是否能在男士那里住几大，并表示她白天上班只有晚上

过去睡觉。男士回答说当然不可以。outofthequeslion意为“不可能的"，与

impossible相当,故答案为A)。

13、

A、Unstructuredsportactivity.

B、Unattainedafterschoolplay.

C^Over-protectiveparents.

D、Super-demandingcoaching.

标准答案：c

知识点.析：对话中，男士问女士更愿意让孩子自由玩耍，还是进行有计划的体育

运动。女士说，人人都同意孩子应该多活动，但具体怎么活动是个问题；实际上，

孩子在随意的活动中很少受伤，可一旦父母或教练参与进来，反而容易导致孩子受

伤。因此，女士认为造成孩子受伤的原因是C)“保护过度的父母”。D)“超高要求的

训练指导''是对原文accach的曲解。

14、

A^Thereisn'tanyhopeforthewoman'sboyfriend'srecovering.

B、It'ssillyworryingaboutthingsbeyondtheircontrol.

C、Scienceissoadvancedthatitwillmakevegetablestalk.

D^Everythingwillworkitselfoutjustfineeventually.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：女士说，Tracy看起来很难过，听说Tracy的男朋友在事故中严重受

伤成了植物人.男十说，医生说Tracy的男朋友仍然有望恢复健康,再说医学技术

越来越发达，说不定哪天植物人也可以和家人、朋友沟通。故D)“一切顺其自然”

为本题答案。

15、

A^Callingtosaygoodbyebeforeleaving.

B、Visitingafriendonabusinesstrip.

C、Askingforadateoverthetelephone.

D^Seeingacolleagueoffattheairport.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：对话中，女士打电话告别，说她的飞机7：25起飞，让男士代她向全

家人问好。男士祝女士一路顺风，记得下次来华盛顿出差时再找他。因此，对话中

的双方在A)“离别前通电话告别”。

16、

A、Thepriceismorereasonable.

B、Onemightbeentitledtoapartialrefund.

C^Thebooksareinbettercondition.

D、Onecanreturnorexchangethebooks.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：对话中，男士说课本太贵了，他干脆在网上买好了，网上价格更合

理。女士说，如果你在这里买，那么学期末课本保存完好的话，那还可以把旧课本

退回来，打折回收。因此，在书店买书的好处是B)”或许能得到部分补偿金额”。

D)“能够退换货”，女士只说书保存完好才能打折回收，因此D)不符合事实，故排

除。

17、

A、Hehassomethingmoreimportanttodo.

B、Hewasattheschoolcommitteethen.

C^Hewantstobreakupwiththegirl.

D、Hehaslittletimetopreparefordinner.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：女士责备男士说，他答应和她共进晚餐，但没有守约，是个大骗子。

男士说，虽然这话很难听，但或许今天他顾不上女士了，他只有24小时从零开始

做出某个东西，然后呈献给学校的委员会看。因此，男士没有守约的原因是A)“他

有更重要的事情去做

18、

A、There5resomeofherfavoriteclothes.

Shealwaysgetsgreatdiscountsthere.

C、Everythingthereisinfactverypretty.

D、Shecanbuyniceclothesatlowprices.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：对话中，男士问女士是否曾经在二手服装店买过衣服?女士说，她当

然在那里买过衣服，其实二手店的商品质量还好、价格绝对便宜，而且会砍价的话

还能有额外的折扣。因此，女士喜欢二手服装店的原因是D)“她在那里能以低价买

到好看的衣服

19、

A^Alltheolddecentjobswillvanishforever.

B、Additionalhigh-qualityjobswillemerge.

C、Somejobswillbereplacedbynewones.

D^Jobswillrequiresomewhatdifferentskills.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：对话中，女士说以前找个好工作没这么难，好工作都到哪里去了?男

士说好工作并没有平白无故地消失，一部分会重新出现，但并不是全部，另一部分

会被新出现的高水平、高要求的工作代替。因此男士对就业市场的前景的看法是

C）“部分工作会被新出现的工作所取代”。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分,共3分。）

20、

ANHisphysicalattribute.

B、Hiscompetitivespirit.

C^Hisself-confidence.

D、Hisloveforswimming.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：男士说他最看重菲尔普斯的地方就在于菲尔普斯拥有超强的竞争精

神。故答案为B）。

21、

A^Competitivenessandtechniques.

B、Skilllevelandmentality.

C、Interestsandspecialties.

D^Psychologicalqualities.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：对话中，男士说他看运动员，最先看进取精神，其次看技巧水平，故

答案为A）。

22、

A、Providingfeedbackfbrhim.

B、Guidinghimthroughdifficulties.

C、Instructingandmotivatinghim.

D、Beingthereforhimwhenneeded.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：对话最后，男士提到，好的教练能做的最重要的事就是给你反馈，故

答案为A）o

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Atypeofplane.

B>Ahotairballoon.

C^Akite-shapedairship.

D、Apassengerjet.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：女士问Aircruise是不是一种飞机，男士否认了，并说它实际上是一

种风筝式的飞行物。女士又说，听起来好像是一种热气球，男士说这种飞行物的动

力不是热空气，而是氢气。由此可见，答案为C）。

24、

A、Ilcanflyunder12,000feet.

B、Itissmallandcrowded.

C、Itisgoodtotheenvironmentbutalittlebitnoisy.

D、Itisfasterthanpassengerjet.

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：男士提到，Aircruise的飞行高度是12,000英尺，但如果要观赏地面

上有趣的东西的话，它也能在仅仅几百英尺的高度飞行。他还提到它决不同于那些

又小又拥挤的客机，虽然速度要慢很多，但是非常舒适惬意，而且既环保又安静。

故答案为A）o

25、

A、Itisnotdangerousatallduetoadvancedtechnology.

B、Itisnotasdangerousasbeforethankstotechnologydevelopment.

C、Itisverydangeroussincetechnologydevelopsslowly.

D^Itisstillratherdangerousbecauseofincapabilityofscientists.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：女士询问Aircruise是不是很危险，男士回答说这在过去是非常危险

的，但科技在发展，科学家们也正在积极研究更加可持续发展、更环保的交通方

式。由此可见，他的言下之意是现在已不像以前那么危险。故答案为B）。

26、

A、Uncertain.

B、Optimistic.

C、Pessimistic.

D^Ignorant.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：女士询问男士，Aircuise是否已经投入生产了。男士说还没有，但他

说有很多人都在关注。由此可见，他对Aircruise的前景是乐观的。故答案为B）。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Yourfolks.

B>Politedrivers.

C^Trafficjams.

D^Painsinhead.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章开头堤到在洛杉矶驾车时经常会遇见的几种情况，如交通堵塞、

人流车流拥挤、不礼貌的司机等。四个选项中只出现了交通堵塞这一项。故答案为

C）o

28、

A、Ihcyarcnotalargegroup.

B、Theyaresosmall.

C^Theyfollowasimpleprocedure.

D、Theyarcpolitetooneanother.

标准答案：c

知识点.析：文章中间部分提到蚂蚁遵循着一个简单的程序，回家的蚂蚁有着优先

通行权。这也就是它们能够保证交通状况井然有序的原因。故答案为C）。

29、

A、Peopledon'tlikeantsverymuch.

B、Therearcmorepeoplethanants.

C、Thetrafficsituationismoreterribleinpeople'slife.

D^Peoplecan'tfollowabehavioralnilelikeants.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章接近结尾处提到数以千计的人群是无法像蚂蚁那样遵循着某种行

为准则的。这也就是人类无法复制蚂蚁例子的原因。故答案为D）。

30、

A、Thefunnycenterstartstowork.

Twopartsinthelefthemisphereslightup.

C、The"ha-ha"responseismade.

D、Thejokesareremembered.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章中间部分中提到，当人在看到某种滑稽的东西时，其左脑中的两

个区域会首先产生反应。故答案为B）。

31、

A、Twobrainregionsstarttobecomeactive.

Onebrainregionisassociatedwithemotion.

C^Onebrainregionisassociatedwithmemoryformarion.

D、Everyplotdetailisrememberedbythebrain.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章中提到，在人看到有趣的东西几秒钟之后，脑中另外两个区域会

变得活跃。故答案为A）。

32、

A、Becausethereisafunnycenterinthebrain.

B、Becauseitisfunnyenoughtomakeuslaugh.

C、Becausemanyregionsinthebrainareassociated.

D、Becauseonebrainregionassociatedwithemotionbecomesactive.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章接近结尾处提到，变得活跃的两个区域之一是能够左右人的情绪

的，这就是人类在听到笑话后能够产生愉悦感并且发笑的原因。故答案为D）。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A^Howtobecomeadoctor.

B、Howtogetintoamedicalschool.

C、Theexpenseforstudyinginmedicalschools.

D^StudyprogramsinAmericanmedicalschools.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本文在开头就提到，在美国成为一名医生不容易，成为医生的第一步

就是进入医学院。而在之后的篇幅中，都在谈论如何进入医学院。冈此，本文的主

旨是如何进入医学院。故答案为B）。

34、

A、Itisanarticlewhichcommentsonmedicalschools.

B、Itisanorganizationwhichprovidestrainingprograms.

C^Itisatelevisionprogramwhichintroducesthejobsinhospitals.

D、Itisapublicationwhichprovidesinformationaboutmedicalschools.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文中提到，人们可以通过很多途径来了解医学院。其中一种途径就是

一本名叫PrincetonReview的杂志。这本杂志有很多关于学校、培训课程以及工作

的介绍。故答案为D）。

35、

A、ItisofferedonlyintheUnitedStatesandCanada.

B>Itisdoneoncomputerbyapplicants.

C、Itincludesreasoning,socialscienceandwriting.

D、ItisprovidedbyAmericanHospitalAssociation.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文中提到，申请过程的一个重要部分是要进行MCAT考试，由美国

医学院协会提供，在电脑上进行。在美国和其他国家都有此考试。故答案为B）。

36、

A、Itisrequiredfbrentrancetosomespecialmajors.

B、Theapplicantswillbeinterviewedbyaschoolrepresentative.

C、Halfoftheapplicantsinterviewedwillbeeliminated.

D、Itismoreimportantthanthetestandtherecordsincollege.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文中提到，要进入医学院通常都需要面试，这表示要和一名学校老师

进行谈话。故答案为B）。

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题分，共

〃分。）

TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofEducationsaystherearcmorethan2,400American

collegesanduniversities.About100ofthesefour-yearschoolsbeganaspublic[Bl]

colleges,andcontinuetoteachagriculture.Theyarecalledland[B2]

collegesoruniversities.Federallandgrantssupportedthebuildingofmostofthe

[B3]stateuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.Theideaofthelandgrantcollege

was[B4]morethan100yearsagobyCongressmanJustinSmithMorrillof

Vermont.In1862,hewrote[B5]tocreatesuchacollegeineachstate.The

namelandgrantcamefromthekindof[B6]providedbythefederal

government.Itgaveeachstatethousandsofhectaresofland.Themoney[B7]

bythelandwastobeusedtosupportthecollege.The[B8]government

wantedpeopleineachstatetolearnbetterwayslofarm.Mr.Morrillandothers[B9]

.Alaterlawhelpedagriculturalcollegesdevelopnewideasinfarmscience.

[B10]OnelandgrantschoolisthePennsylvaniaStateUniversityinUniversity

Park,Pennsylvania.About4,000studentsfromothercountriesnowattendPennState.It

costsbetween28,000and34,000dollarsayeartoattend.[BlI].

37、[Bl]

标准答案:agricultural

知识点解析：此处应填入一个名词或形容词修饰colleges。agricultural意为“农业

的”。

38、[B2]

标准答案：grant

知识点解析：此处landgrant为固定搭配，意为“政府赠地后文federalland

grants也可对此空有所提示。

39、[B3]

标准答案：major

知识点解析：此处应填入一个形容词修饰stateuniversities。major意为“主要的”。

40、[B4]

标准答案：developed

知识点解析：根据句子的内容结构以及was,by等标志可以分析出此句为被动语

态，因此此空应填入一个过去分词。develop意为“发展，开发”。

41、[B5]

标准答案：legislation

知识点解析：此处应填入一个名词作宾语。legislation意为“立法机关”。

42、[B6]

标准答案：aid

知识点解析：此空位于。f之后，因此应填入一个名词。aid意为“帮助，援助，

43、[B7]

标准答案：earned

知识点解析：分析句子结构可知此处应填入一个过去分词作后置定语修饰the

moneyoearn意为“赚,挣（钱）

44、[B8]

标准答案：federal

知识点解析：此处应填入一个名词或形容词修饰govemmem,前文提到的federal

gov-emment也可对此空起到提示作用。federal意为“联邦的，国家的”。

45、[B9]

标准答案：sawaneedforuniversitiestoleachagriculturesciencetoimprovewhatwas

thenanimportantnationalindustry

知识点解析：听写关键need,agriculture,science,improve,industry

46、[BIO]

标准答案：Itcreatedanagricultureexperimentcenterateachlandgrantcollegetohelp

farmerssolveproblems

知识点解析：听写关键agricultureexperimentccn-tcr,farmers,solveproblems

47、[Bll]

标准答案：Officialssayitispossibleforgraduatestudentstogetfinancialaidby

workingfortheuniversityasateachingorresearchassistant

知识点解析：听写关键graduatestudents,financialaid,teaching,researchassistant

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

Longlunchoutwithco-workersoralate-nightconversationwithafamilymembermight

seemlikeadistractionfromotherhealthyhabits,suchasgoingtothegymorgettinga

goodnight'ssleep.Butmorethan100years'worthofresearchshowsthathavinga

healthysociallifeisincrediblyimportanttostayingphysicallyhealthy.Overall,social

supportincreasessurvivalbysome50percent,concludedtheauthorsbehindanew

analysis.Thebenefitoffriends,familyandevencolleaguesturnsouttobejustasgood

forlong-termsurvivalasgivingupa15-cigarette-a-daysmokinghabit.Andbythe

study'snumbersjnterpersonalsocialnetworksaremorecrucialtophysicalhealththan

exercisingorbeatingobesity."Idon'tthinkalotofpeoplerecognizethatour

relationshipscanhaveaphysicalimpactaswellasemotional,"saysJulianneHolt-

Lunstad,anassociatepsychologyprofessoratBrighamYoungUniversityandco-author

ofthenewstudy.Theresearchersanalyzedresultsfrom148studies—whichincludeda

totalof308,849participants—goingbacktotheearly20thcentury.Moststudies

assessedsurvivalincontrasttomortalityfromallcauses,althoughtheauthorsrejected

studiesthatfocusedonsuicideoraccidentaldeaths."Thefindingsareveryexcitingand

showhowimportantsocialrelationshipsareforimprovingsurvival/'KiraBirditt,an

assistantresearchprofessoratUniversityofMichigan*sInstituteforSocialResearch,who

wasnotinvolvedinthenewstudy,notedinane-mail.Socialrelationshipsarethoughtto

helpimprovehealtheitherbybuffering（减轻）individualsfromstressfulsituationsor

creatinganormofhealthfulbehaviors."There'saprettylargeliteraturelinkingsocial

relationshipstoavarietyofphysiologicalprocessesthatarelinkedtodiseaselisk,"Holt"

Lunstadsays.'*Socialsupporthasbeenlinkedtolowerbloodpressure,andadiverse

collectionofcontactsisassociatedwithbetterimmunesystemfunctioning."Previous

researchhaspointedtohappinessasakeytolongevity.Butinmostofthestudies

reviewedinthenewpaper,socialconnectionswerenotclassifiedintermsoftheir

quality,thuslikelyabundantnegativeassociationsinwiththemorepositiveones.This

meansthebenefitofpositivesocialconnectionsislikelytobeevenhigher."Most

researchshowsthatthenegativeaspectsofrelationshipscanbedetrimental（不利于）to

health/'Holt-Lunsladsays.ButBirditt,whohasalsodoneresearchinthefield,notesthat

someofherwork"indicatesthattheinfluenceofsocialrelationshipsonmortalityis

nuanced（微妙的）anddependsonthetypeofrelationship,thequalityoftherelationship

andthehealthstatusoftheindividual."A2008studyinSocialScience&Medicinethat

sheco-authoredfoundthatpeoplewithchronicillnessesactuallyhadalowermortality

rateiftheyhadnegative-oratleastmoredemanding-relationshipswithfamily

members.Theanalysisalsoassessedwhatkindofstudiesworkedbesttopredicta

person'ssurvival.Questionnaireshadaskedparticipantsatleastafewin-depthquestions

aboutvarioussocialconnections.

48、Whatdoesthenewanalysisreveal?

Alongtimeeatingorlatenightconversationswithothersareharmfulhabits.

B、Enoughsleepandmoderatephysicalexerciseareindispensableforkeepingfit.

C、Ahealthysociallifecanreducetherateofmortalitybyabout50percent.

D、Aharmonioussociallileisthemostcrucialactivityforphysicalhealth.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句可知，社会支持可以提升一半的生

存能力。其中，increasessurvival与C）中的reducetherateofmortality属于同义转

述，故C）为答案。A）“长时间的饭局和深夜长聊是有害的习惯”，并不属于此次研

究的结论且与原文意思相反，故排除；B）“充足的睡眠和适当的锻炼是保持健康必

不可少的条件“，并不属于新发现；D）“和谐的社会生活对于身体健康是最为重要

的“，太过于绝对，故排除。

49、Accordingtotheresearch,whatisthebenefitofsocialinteractions?

A、Theycanreplace15hours'body-buildingaday.

Theyareequivalenttogivingupaserioussmokinghabit.

C、Theycanhelpbeatobesitycausedbylackofexercise.

D、Theycanleadtobetterinteractionbetweenemotionandhealth.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。定位句指出“与朋友、家人甚至同事交往的益处相当于

戒掉一天抽15根烟的坏习惯”，故B）为答案。文章并没有提及社交可以取代一天

15个小时的健身，故排除A）；“社交能够帮助战胜缺少运动而导致的肥胖”与原文

所提到的“个人社交网的作用要比运动和减肥的作用更为关键''意思不符，故排除

C）；D）”能够导致情绪和身体的互相促进作用”，是对原文“很多人没有意识到我们

的关系网对人的情感和身体都产生作用”的曲解，故排除。

50、Welearnfromthethirdparagraphthat.

A、theresearchersinterviewed308,849participantsintotal

B、theresearchersbeganthestudyintheearly20thcentury

C>suicideoraccidentaldeathswerenotincludedintheanalysis

D、thenewstudyfocusedonmortalityratherthansurvival

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据该段第二句可知，作者没有采纳那些侧重于自杀和

交通事故死亡的研究，故C）“自杀和突发死亡不在研究的范围”符合题意，为答

案。根据该段第一句可知，“研究人员对148个研究进行了分析，总共涉及到

308,849人次、并没有访问这些人，故排除A）；“以往这些研究的分析，时间最

早是在20世纪早期”，而不是研究人员从20世纪早期就开始研究，故排除B）；

D