《电子信息类专业英语》课件-第9章

Unit9ComputerNetworks英文产品说明书的阅读

Inthe1960s,almostimmediatelyaftercomputersbecamewidespread,thedesiregrewtoconnectcomputerstogether.Originallytheaimwastoallowtheexchangeofinformation(programs,datafiles)betweentheusersofdifferentmainframes.Whensmallercomputersbecameavailableandspreadinlargenumberswithinasingleorganization,connectionsbetweenthesesmallcomputersbecameattractivefortheshareduseofresourcesaswell.Theresultingsystems,inwhichcomputersofpossiblydifferenttypeandsizeareconnectedbutfullyretaintheirautonomy,arecalledcomputernetworks.

Computernetworks,world-widenetworksof(large)computersarereferredtoaswideareanetworks(WAN)andcampus-widenetworksof(small)computersarereferredtoaslocalareanetworks(LAN).

Toreducethedesigncomplexity,networkarchitectureisviewedasaseriesoflayerorlevels.Eachlayer(orlevel)consistsofprotocolsthatusefunctionsoflowerlayersandprovideservicestothehigherlayers.Eachlayerperformswell-definedfunctions,andcanbeoflimitedcomplexity.Togetherthelayersimplementthefacilitiesofthenetwork.

TheapproachtonetworkarchitectureandimplementationwasstandardizedintheInternationalStandardsOrganization’sOSIreferencemodelforOpenSystemsInterconnection(OSI).ThemodelcontainssevenlayersandisshowninFig.9-1.

Fig.9-1ThemodelofOSI

Theincreasedcapabilitiesofthenetworksallowproviderstoofferawidervarietyofcommunicationservicesthanthetraditionalvoiceservices.Howweobtainnewsandentertainment,conductbusinessandeducation,andaccomplishscientificandtechnicalresearchwillallbeaffected.Networkscanbeanalog,inwhichinformationisrepresentedbycontinuoussmoothlyvaryingsignals,ordigital,inwhichinformationisrepresentedbydiscreteon/offsignals.

Therearethreemajorcategoriesofnetworksdistinguishedprimarilybygeographywide-areanetworks,metropolitan-areanetworks,andlocal-areanetworks.Thebenefitofnetworkisthatitcantransmitinformationrapidlyandeasilyamongwidelyseparatedpeople;peoplecansharehardwareandsoftwareresourcesonthenetwork;acomputernetworkcanalsoprovidehighreliabilitybyhavingalternativesourceofsupply.

Asthesenetworkshavegrowninpopularity,theyhavebeguntointerconnect,creatingaglobalcollectionofpeopleandcomputersthatareabletoelectronicallycommunicatewithoneanother.

英文产品说明书的阅读

在生产企业中，经常会遇到产品、仪器的英文说明书，介绍使用方法、操作步骤、注意事项等。技术人员应当能够快速阅读英文说明书，这也是评价技术人员综合素质的一项标准。

下面我们通过一份JBL音箱的说明书来了解英文产品说明书的特点。

YourJBLPlatinumSeriesSpeakersfeaturethenewAudioZone,showninthepicture.TheAudioZoneincludes:

1.Powerswitch(backlit)—convenientlyallowsquickpowerdownwhennotinuse,ortomutethesound.Simplypushandreleasethepowerbutton—lightindicateswhenpowerison.

2.HeadphoneJack(耳机插口)—allowsyoutoconnectmoststereoheadphonesforyourpersonallisteningpleasure.

3.Audio-inport(音频输入端口)—anadvancedfeaturethatletsyouquicklyconnectyourfavoriteDigitalMP3playeroranyportableaudiodeviceandplayanyaudiodirectlythroughthespeakers.Simplypluginyourplayertheportandcontrolvolumefromyourplayer.

ImportantNote:Toconnectyourfavoriteportableaudiodeviceyoumustpurchaseamini-stereocable(3.5mm/3.5mmplug),availableatmostlocalelectronicsstoresandPCretailers(零售商).

说明书具有以下特点：

1．文体简洁

ReadtheinformationifyouhavetheproblemssettingupyourHPprinter.

如果安装惠普打印机时遇到问题，请阅读本资料。

Selecttheprogrambythechannelselectionkeysontheremotecontrol.

通过遥控器上的选择键选择频道。

2．操作步骤清晰、逻辑性强

ConnectyourcomputertotheInternet,andthenclick“InstallCONNECTPlayer”,andthenfollowtheon-screeninstructions.Paycloseattentiontothedisplayednotesandinstructions.

先将你的电脑连接到网络，点击“InstallConnectPlayer”，然后按照屏幕上的指示说明进行操作。密切注意所列出的事项和说明。(MP3说明书)

3．句子多使用无人称的祈使句

KeeponpressingtheVOLUMEUPbuttonforincreaseinvolume.

连续按音量递增按钮，音量增大。

Soundphonenumbersautomatically.

来电自动语音播报。

4.常配以插图直观解释

例如：计算机的电源接线说明如下所示：

·ConnectingthePowerCords

①Iffitted,removethelabelcoveringthecomputer’spowerconnector.

②Connectthepowercordstothedisplayandthecomputer.

③Connectthedisplay’spowercordandthecomputer’spowercordtoagroundedoutlet.

5.某些动词使用频率较高。

例如：place,set,insert,make,put,click,connect,avoid,push等。

Placethedisplayontopofthecomputer.

将显示器放置于计算机上。

Pushinthepowerswitch,powerindicatorwillbeilluminated.

按下电源开关，电源指示灯将显示发光。

Insertthebatteryholderintotheremotecontroller.

把电池座插入遥控器。

6.对可能造成产品损坏或安全隐患的地方都以醒目的文字或图形提醒用户注意。

例如：注意(Note,Caution),警告(Warning)等。

Warning：Donotremovethecover(orback);therearenouserserviceablepartsinside.

警告：请不要拆卸外壳(或后盖)