河北省邢台市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语测试试题【含答案】

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页河北省邢台市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语测试试题一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）YosemiteNationalParkYosemiteNationalParkislocatedinCalifornia,USA．ItissurroundedbySierraNationalForesttothesoutheastandStanislausNationalForesttothenorthwest.TheNationalParkServicemanagesthispark,whichcovers759,620acresinfourcounties:Tuolumne,Mariposa,Mono,andMadera.In1984,itwasrecognizedasaWorldHeritageSitebecauseofitsgranitecliffs(花岗岩峭壁),waterfalls,clearstreams,thickforest,lakes,mountains,andbio-diversity.About95percentoftheparkiswildanduntouched,makingitoneofthelargestnaturalhabitatsintheSierraNevada.GeographyThepark’slandscapeismostlymadeofgraniteandolderrocks.Around10millionyearsago,theSierraNevadamountainsroseandtilted,whichincreasedthesteepnessofstreamandriverbeds,formingdeep,narrowcanyons.Onemillionyearsago,glaciers(冰川)formedinhigherareasandmoveddown,carvingtheU-shapedYosemiteValley.HistoryEuropeanAmericansettlersfirstenteredthevalleyin1851.Othertravelersenteredearlier,butJamesD．SavageiscreditedwithdiscoveringtheareathatbecameYosemiteNationalPark.NativeAmericanshadlivedintheareafornearly4,000years,althoughhumansmayhavefirstvisitedaslongas8,000to10,000yearsago.Yosemiteplayedanimportantroleintheideaofnationalparks.GalenClarkandothersworkedhardtoprotectYosemiteValley,leadingtoPresidentAbrahamLincolnsigningtheYosemiteGrantin1864,whichpreservedtheland.In1890,JohnMuirledasuccessfulmovement,helpingtoestablishYosemiteValleyanditssurroundingareasasaNationalPark.Yosemitedrawsaboutfourmillionvisitorseachyear.Mostvisitorsspendthemajorityoftheirtimeinthevalley’ssevensquaremiles.1．WhatmakesYosemiteNationalParklistedasaWorldHeritageSite?A．Itsexplorationhistory. B．Itsextremelylargearea.C．Itsconvenientlocation. D．Itsrichnaturalresources.2．WhatisthepercentageofYosemiteNationalParkremainingawilderness?A．About50%. B．About75%.C．About85%. D．About95%.3．WhodiscoveredYosemiteValleyaccordingtothetext?A．JohnMuir. B．GalenClark.C．JamesD．Savage. D．AbrahamLincoln.WestsideFarmersMarkethelditsannual(每年的)CollegeNightonTuesday,Sept.3toengagestudentswiththesummermarket.Thiseventallowedcollegestudentstoexplorelocalfarmingandsmallbusinesses.Manystudentswereexcitedtoattend.SeniorAlexSaunderssaid,“Iwantedtocomeanyway,butwhenIsawitwasCollegeNight,IknewIhadtobethere.”TheWestsideFarmersMarkethasrunonTuesdaysfromJunetoOctoberfor17years,featuringmanyspecialevents,whichrangefromCollegeNighttoanapplepumpkinfestival.“Beyondtheuniqueproductstheysell,thevendors(摊贩)haveincredibleskillsandlovetoshareandteach,”saidWestsideMarketManagerJessicaDiSalvo.Themarketalsopresentsacheapopportunitytogetfreshfood,especiallyforcollegestudents.“It’scheaperthangoingtoagrocerystoreformostofitforalotbetterquality,”Saunderssaid.ThemarketcontinuesuntilOctober8.EvenifyoumissCollegeNight,therearemoreeventscomingup,likeCraftNightnextTuesday.“OurfirstCraftNightonAugust6wasreallygreat.AcoupleofvendorswereevenUniversityofRochesterstudents,”DiSalvosaid.Forthoseinterestedincommunityservice,theWestsideFarmersMarketoffersmanyvolunteeropportunities.“Weneedsupportinvariousroles,whichcanmeetyourneeds,”DiSalvoexplained.YoucanvisitthewebsiteandfilloutanapplicationorcallDiSalvodirectly.DiSalvofeltCollegeNightwasasuccessbutmentionedideasforimprovement.“Afestiveatmospherewithgameswouldbefun,”shesaid.Themarketwaslivelyallafternoon.DiSalvowasthankfulforeveryonewhovisited.“I’mnotsurehowtheyfoundout,butI’mgladtheycame.Ilookforwardtoseeingthemagain,”shesaid.4．WhatisthemainpurposeofCollegeNight?A．Tocelebratetheendofhotsummer.B．Toshowstudentshowtorunabusiness.C．Toinvolvecollegestudentsinlocalfarming.D．Toprovidewell-paidjobsforcollegestudents.5．WhatdidSaunderssayaboutthefoodattheWestsideFarmersMarket?A．Itisrichinvarieties. B．Itisfreeforstudents.C．Itissoldatgoodprices. D．Itshouldbeimprovedforbetterquality.6．HowcanyougetvolunteeropportunitiesofferedbytheWestsideFarmersMarket?A．Byapplyingonline. B．Bymailingaself-introductionform.C．Bysigningupearly. D．BywritingtoDiSalvo.7．WhatcanweknowaboutCollegeNight?A．Itwasputoff. B．Itwaswellreceived.C．Itwasfirstheldthisyear. D．Itwasperfectforall.Despitethehopesofbothastronomersandsciencefictionfansalike,Venusmayneverhavebeenhabitabletolife.ThisistheconclusionofanewstudyoutoftheUniversityofCambridge,whichhasbeenpublishedinthejournalNatureAstronomy.Today,Venusisanextremelyhotplanet,withsurfacetemperaturesaround867°F,athickatmospheremademostlyofcarbondioxide(CO2),andasurfacepressure92timesthatofEarth.Yettheplanethasbeenlongtheorizedtohavebeenhabitablemanymillionsofyearsago,withoceansofliquidwater.Theresearchers,however,foundthatVenus’satmosphereistoodrytohavesupportedoceans.Theplanet’satmospherelacksenoughwater,whichwouldhaveevaporated(蒸发)astheplanetwarmedovertime.TherearetwomaintheoriesaboutVenus’shistory:Eithertheplanethasalwaysbeenashotasitistoday,sowaterneverexistedinliquidform,orVenusgraduallybecamehotterduetothegreenhouseeffect,causinganywatertoevaporate.TheCambridgeteamtookadifferentapproachbystudyingVenus’scurrentatmosphericchemistry.Theycalculated(计算)theratesatwhichwaterandothergasesaredestroyedinVenus’satmosphere.UnlikeEarth’svolcanoes,whichreleasemostlywatervapor,Venus’svolcanoesreleaseonlyabout6%water.ThissuggeststhatVenus’svolcanicmagmacontainsverylittlewater.Thestudyalsohighlightedthat,unlikeEarthandMars,Venusshowsnosignsoferosion(侵蚀)causedbyliquidwater.Sinceliquidwaterisnecessaryforlifeasweknowit,thelackofsuchevidencemakesitunlikelythatVenuseversupportedEarth-likelife.WhilewemaynotknowforcertainifVenuseversupportedlife,thestudysuggeststhatitlikelyneverhadoceans.Thisdiscoveryaffectsthesearchforlifeonotherplanets,especiallythosesimilartoVenus.NASA’sDAVINCImission,expectedtoreachVenuslaterthisdecade,mayprovidefurtheranswers.UnderstandingVenus’shistorycanhelpguidethesearchforlifebeyondEarth.8．WhatisamisunderstandingaboutVenusfromparagraph2?A．Itispackedwithawiderangeofwildlife.B．Itishabitablewithoceansofliquidwater.C．Itbecomeshotterduetothegreenhouseeffect.D．IthasathinneratmospherethanthatofEarth.9．HowdidtheCambridgeteamconductthestudy?A．Byreferringtopreviouslypublishedarticles.B．ByanalyzingVenus’satmosphericchemistry.C．BycreatinganenvironmentsimilartoVenus’s.D．BycooperatingwiththescientistsfromNASA．10．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoNASA’sDAVINCImission?A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Favourable.11．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．OceansonVenusMayNeverHaveExistedB．ItWouldbePossibletoMakeVenusLivableC．Astronomers’DreamWillbeRealizedSoonD．ResearchProvedaClassicTheoryisCorrectLastweek,abadeventstrucktheBandhavgarhTigerReserve,anationalparkinthehillsofcentralIndia.Fourwildelephantswerefounddead,andsixothersfromthesamegroupwereverysick.Despiteeffortstotreatthem,allsixelephantsdiedwithintwodays.Forestofficialsandresearchersalikewereinconfusionandwonderedwhatbroughtdownthesestronganimals.Theyfocusedonafungus(真菌)thatinfectskodomillet,atypeofgrainthatelephantseatintheregion.Thisisnotthefirsttimethatanimalsorpeoplehavebecomeillafterconsumingkodomillet.Inhumaninfectioncases,treatmentwithstomachwashinghelpedpeoplerecover,butanimalslikedogsandelephantsdidnotsurviveaftereatingthemillet.In1985,acaseofkodomilletpoisoninginhumansledresearcherstoinvestigate.Theyfoundthatthemilletwasinfectedbytwotypesoffungiwhichproduceatoxin(毒素)calledcyclopiazonicacid(CPA).Laterstudiesshowedthatothertypesoffungicanalsoproducethistoxin.BackinBandhavgarhTigerReserve,researchersbelievethatthesefungicausedtherecentdeathsoftheelephants.Testsontheelephants’bodiesfoundhighlevelsofCPAintheirstomachs.MycologistKaustuvSanyalexplainedthatfungireleasespores(孢子)thatspreadthroughtheair.Thesesporesfavourwetconditions,whichiswhyfungalgrowthincreasesafterrain.TheregionaroundtheBandhavgarhTigerReservehasheavyrainsandalongrainyseason,creatingaconduciveenvironmentforthefungustogrowonthemillet.Despitetheseriouseffectsofthetoxinonanimalsandhumans,thefungidonotharmtheplants.Researchersarestillstudyinghowthefungiaffectplants.AlthoughtherearethehighlevelsofCPAintheelephants’bodies,theexactcausehasnotbeenconfirmed.Forestofficialsplantosendmilletsamples(样品)fromtheareatoexpertsforfurthertesting.Thiscouldhelpdetermineifthefungiwereresponsibleforthedeathsoftheelephants.12．HowdidforestofficialsfeelabouttheeventintheBandhavgarhTigerReserve?A．Calm. B．Impatient.C．Disappointed. D．Puzzled.13．Whydoestheauthormentionthecasein1985?A．Toshowthepoisonofthementionedfungi.B．Toexplainacureforcancer.C．Todisplaythefungusvarieties.D．TopraisesomescientistsinIndia.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conducive”inparagraph5mean?A．Dangerous. B．Helpful. C．Changeable. D．Difficult.15．Whatdotheforestofficialsintendtodointhenextstage?A．Cutthenumberofvisitorstotheregion.B．Encouragefarmerstogrowkodomillet.C．Findouttherealanswerstothedeadelephants.D．Announcethathuntingisillegalinthepark.Sinceretiringfromfootball,Tomhasreflectedonhisimpactontheteamsheplayedfor.Althoughmostofhisexperiencescomefromsports,webelievetheseactionscanbeappliedtovariousorganizations.16.Thefirstlessoninleadershipistoprioritize(优先处理)theteam,evenduringpersonalchallenges.Whencompetingforaposition,Tomlostfairandsquaretoanotherplayer,whomhesupportedinpractice.Despitehisdisappointment,hecontributedtotheteam’ssuccess.Showappreciationforunsungheroes.17.Forexample,Swift,afullback(后卫),workedhardtoblockdefensesbuthardlyreceivedpraise.TomlearnedtorecognizeSwift’scontributions,whichgavehimaboostinmorale(士气).ThismadeTomunderstandthateveryoneneededtofeelvalued.Setthestandardandcreateacultureof100%effort.Tomwaspartofahardworkinggroupduringhisearlyseasons.18.Bypushingeachothertogobeyondbasicexpectations,theydevelopedacultureofcommitmentthatbenefitedeveryone.Communicatehonestly.Anotherleadershipruleisbeingopenaboutexpectations.Tommadeitapointtocommunicatehisstandardshonestly,allowingteammatestounderstandwheretheycouldimprovewithoutfeelingattacked.19.Recognizeindividualmotivations.20.Somearemotivatedbycontracts(合同),orbytheirimageinthemedia.Greatleadersunderstandthesedifferentdriversandmotivateeffectively.Adaptingcommunicationstylestosuitindividualplayersleadstobetterperformance.A．AlwaysputtheteamfirstB．EveryplayerhasuniquedriversC．PrepareyourselfforpersonalchallengesD．ThesecrettoyoursuccessislearningfromfailuresE．Insports,someplayersdonotgettherecognitiontheydeserveF．ThishonestbehaviorhelpsplayersgrowandstrengthensteambondsG．Theteamhelditselfaccountableforeffort,workingforexcellencetogether二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）Ilovedjumpinginrainpuddles(水坑)asakid.Mymother’s21,“Walkbetweentheraindrops”,usedtodelightme.However,asanadolescent,itstartedtomakemeimpatient.Whenhearingmy22of“That’simpossible”,shegentlytouchedmyhand,tellingmeitwas23onlyifIhadfaith.Icountered(反驳)withmybeliefinumbrellas.Shethensaidnomatterhowhardit24,youcouldbreathe.I25,sayingthatI’dstillgetwet.Shesaidrainwasunavoidablebutabreathcould26.Astimewentby,mother’swords27withme.Inthefollowingdecades,I’ve28manyrainstorms.I’vecometoappreciatethesignificanceofstopping,andthenItakeabreathandgetmystrength.Beforestandingbesidemyfather’sbedforthelasttime,Itookadeepbreath,29,“Iloveyou.I’lltakecareofMom.”Idrewonthememoriesandfoundthe30togiveafinalspeechinhishonor.Itookabreathandhuggedmydaughtertightlywhenthedoctorinformedheraboutthe31ofherbabyscan:Therearerisksforthebaby.Weheldeachotherup,andthen32apprehended(领会)theforceofbelievingandopenedourheartstothenewlifethatwouldarrivefourmonthslater.Whenmydoctorsaid,“Yourcancerisgettingworse,”Itookabreath,33,“Whatdowedonext?”Tenyearslater,Ibreatheinstrengtheachdayandrememberthatrain34.Mymother’sbelief,“Walkbetweentheraindrops,”35againandagain.Sheisright.It’spossibletowalkbetweenraindrops.21．A．warning B．dream C．belief D．complaint22．A．response B．secret C．decision D．impression23．A．unsuccessful B．achievable C．typical D．traditional24．A．blew B．blocked C．snowed D．rained25．A．objected B．promised C．failed D．understood26．A．makeamess B．makeamistake C．makeamove D．makeadifference27．A．compared B．traveled C．competed D．argued28．A．missed B．described C．weathered D．avoided29．A．voicing B．screaming C．approving D．lying30．A．wisdom B．courage C．advice D．excuse31．A．procedure B．reward C．identity D．outcome32．A．partly B．safely C．gradually D．rarely33．A．inquiring B．guessing C．expecting D．assuming34．A．stops B．pours C．waits D．strengthens35．A．booms B．rings C．changes D．disappears三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CarpetsareanimportantpartoflifeinXinjiang,aregionwithacarpet-weaving(织)traditionthatdatesbackover2,000years.Thesehandmadewoolcarpetsaremorethandecorations;theycarryculturalsignificanceand36(vivid)sharestoriesthroughtheirdelicatepatternsanddesigns.InXinjiang,carpetsaremorethanhousehold37(item),andtheypreservememoriesandbringpeopletogether.Familiesoftengatheroncarpetstoenjoymealsandchats.Cleaningcarpetscanbecome38sharedactivity,withchildrenhelpingtoremovedustandcreatingcherishedmemories.Artists39(transform)traditionalXinjiangcarpetswithinnovativedesignsinthelastfewyears.AprojectinHotan,aregionknown40itsskilledcarpetweavers,bringstogethermodernartistsandtraditionalcraftsmanship.Theseteameffortsaim41(update)theimageofHotancarpets,makingthemmodernandartisticwhilepreservingtheirheritage.Theprocessstartswithartistscreatingdrawings,42arethenwovenintocarpetsbylocalweavers.Somedesigns43(display)notonlymaintaintraditionalelementsbutaddnewelementstocreateafreshstory.Theprojecthighlightsthededicationoftheweavers,whosecarefulworkbringseachdesigntolife.Thesecarpetscombinethe44(creative)ofmodernartwiththelong-standingskillsofXinjiang’sweavers,45(show)thebeautyandvarietyofthisancientcraft.四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）46．假定你是李华，你校上周举行了“文明骑行”的签名活动。请你写一篇短文给校英文报投稿，内容包括：1.活动的时间和地点；2.活动的内容；3.活动的影响。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：banner条幅

civilized文明的“CivilizedCycling”SignatureCampaign____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasveryyoung,myparentsandImovedfromChinatotheUnitedStatesbecausemyfatherwasappointedasmanageroftheAmericanbranch.Atfirst,everythingseemedstrangeandoverwhelming.Thelanguagebarrierwasthetoughestpart,butslowly,IadaptedtomynewsurroundingsandbecamefluentinEnglish.Schoolbecameeasier,friendsweremade,andlifeinAmericastartedtofeellikebeingathome.However,myparentshaddifferentideas.TheyinsistedthatwespeakChineseathome.TheyevenwentasfarastoteachmeChinesecharactersandmakemereadclassicChineseliterature.Irememberspendinglonghourseveryweekendpracticingwritingcharacters,myhandcramping(抽筋)fromtheeffort.Myparentswouldquizmeonmyvocabulary,andI’dhavetorecitepoemsandpassagesfromancienttexts.Atthetime,Icouldn’tunderstandwhytheyweresodeterminedaboutit.Ioftenresisted,frustratedbythedifficultyandwonderingwhyIhadtoholdontosomethingthatseemedirrelevanttomylifeintheUS.Myfatherwouldpatientlyexplain,“Althoughwe’relivingintheUS,wemustn’tforgetourroots.Ourlanguageisapartofwhoweare.”Despitehisexplanations,myteenagemindwastoostubborntoappreciatehiswisdom.Hewouldsitwithme,showingmethestrokes(笔画)ofeachcharacter,explainingtheirmeanings,andsharingstoriesaboutourancestors.Hisvoicewascalmandencouraging,evenwhenIgrewimpatientandwantedtogiveup.“Thesecharacterscarryourhistory,”hewouldsay.“Theytellthestoryofwherewecomefrom.”AsIgrewolder,myperspectivestartedtoshift.ThemoreIlearnedaboutmyheritageandourfamily’shistory,themoreIbegantovaluetheeffortsmyparentshadmadetokeepourculturealive.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AtripbacktoChinawasaturningpointforme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BackintheUS,IwasdeterminedtopromotetheChineselanguage.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案【答案】1．D2．D3．C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了约塞米蒂国家公园的基本概况、地质信息及历史发展。【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In1984,itwasrecognizedasaWorldHeritageSitebecauseofitsgranitecliffs(花岗岩峭壁),waterfalls,clearstreams,thickforest,lakes,mountains,andbio-diversity.(1984年，它因其花岗岩峭壁、瀑布、清澈的溪流、茂密的森林、湖泊、山脉和生物多样性而被认定为世界遗产)”可知，约塞米蒂国家公园被列为世界遗产地是因为其丰富的自然资源。故选D项。2．细节理解题。根据第一段中“About95percentoftheparkiswildanduntouched,makingitoneofthelargestnaturalhabitatsintheSierraNevada.(大约95%的公园是野生的，未被开发过，使其成为内华达山脉最大的自然栖息地之一)”可知，约塞米蒂国家公园约95%的区域仍然是荒野。故选D项。3．细节理解题。根据History部分第一段中“Othertravelersenteredearlier,butJamesD.SavageiscreditedwithdiscoveringtheareathatbecameYosemiteNationalPark.(其他旅行者进入得更早，但JamesD.Savage被认为是发现约塞米蒂国家公园的人)”可知，JamesD.Savage是发现约塞米蒂山谷的人。故选C项。【答案】4．C5．C6．A7．B【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了WestsideFarmersMarket(西区农贸市场)举办的年度大学之夜活动，以及该市场的相关信息。【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第一段“WestsideFarmersMarkethelditsannual(每年的)CollegeNightonTuesday,Sept.3toengagestudentswiththesummermarket.Thiseventallowedcollegestudentstoexplorelocalfarmingandsmallbusinesses.(西区农贸市场于9月3日星期二举办了年度大学之夜活动，旨在让学生参与夏季市场。这个活动让大学生能够探索当地农业和小型企业)”可知，大学之夜的主要目的是让大学生参与当地农业。故选C项。5．细节理解题。根据第四段中Saunders的话“It’scheaperthangoingtoagrocerystoreformostofitforalotbetterquality(这比去杂货店买大部分东西都要便宜，而且质量也要好得多)”可知，Saunders说西区农贸市场的食物价格合理，质量好。故选C项。6．细节理解题。根据第六段中“YoucanvisitthewebsiteandfilloutanapplicationorcallDiSalvodirectly.(你可以访问网站并填写申请表，或者直接打电话给DiSalvo)”可知，可以通过在线申请获得西区农贸市场提供的志愿者机会。故选A项。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“DiSalvofeltCollegeNightwasasuccessbutmentionedideasforimprovement.(DiSalvo觉得大学之夜很成功，但提到了改进的想法)”以及“Themarketwaslivelyallafternoon.DiSalvowasthankfulforeveryonewhovisited.(整个下午市场都很热闹。DiSalvo对每一位来访者都表示感谢)”可推知，大学之夜活动受到了大家的欢迎。故选B项。【答案】8．B9．B10．D11．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项剑桥大学的新研究，该研究认为金星可能从未适合生命存在，因为其大气层过于干燥，无法支持海洋的存在，这一发现影响了在其他星球上寻找生命的探索。【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Today,Venusisanextremelyhotplanet,withsurfacetemperaturesaround867°F,athickatmospheremademostlyofcarbondioxide(CO2),andasurfacepressure92timesthatofEarth.Yettheplanethasbeenlongtheorizedtohavebeenhabitablemanymillionsofyearsago,withoceansofliquidwater.(今天，金星是一颗极其炎热的行星，表面温度约为867华氏度，厚厚的大气层主要由二氧化碳组成，表面压力是地球的92倍。然而，长期以来，人们一直认为这颗行星在数百万年前是宜居的，有液态水的海洋)”可知，第二段中提到的关于金星的误解是“它适合居住，有液态水的海洋”。故选B项。9．细节理解题。根据第四段中“TheCambridgeteamtookadifferentapproachbystudyingVenus’scurrentatmosphericchemistry.(剑桥大学的研究团队采取了不同的方法，他们研究了金星当前的大气化学)”可知，剑桥大学团队是通过分析金星的大气化学来进行研究的。故选B项。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“NASA’sDAVINCImission,expectedtoreachVenuslaterthisdecade,mayprovidefurtheranswers.UnderstandingVenus’shistorycanhelpguidethesearchforlifebeyondEarth.(美国宇航局的DAVINCI任务预计将在本世纪晚些时候到达金星，可能会提供进一步的答案。了解金星的历史有助于指导我们在地球之外寻找生命)”可知，作者认为NASA的DAVINCI任务可能会提供进一步的答案，对寻找地球之外的生命有帮助，由此可推知，作者对NASA的DAVINCI任务持支持态度。故选D项。11．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Despitethehopesofbothastronomersandsciencefictionfansalike,Venusmayneverhavebeenhabitabletolife.ThisistheconclusionofanewstudyoutoftheUniversityofCambridge,whichhasbeenpublishedinthejournalNatureAstronomy.(尽管天文学家和科幻迷都抱有同样的希望，但金星可能永远都不适合生命居住。这是剑桥大学发表在《自然天文学》杂志上的一项新研究得出的结论)”、第三段中“Theresearchers,however,foundthatVenus’satmosphereistoodrytohavesupportedoceans.(然而，研究人员发现，金星的大气过于干燥，无法支持海洋的存在)”和倒数第二段中“WhilewemaynotknowforcertainifVenuseversupportedlife,thestudysuggeststhatitlikelyneverhadoceans.(虽然我们可能无法确定金星是否曾经支持过生命，但这项研究表明，金星上可能从未有过海洋)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项剑桥大学的新研究，该研究认为金星可能从未适合生命存在，因为其大气层过于干燥，无法支持海洋的存在，文章整体都在说明金星可能从未有过海洋。故A项“OceansonVenusMayNeverHaveExisted(金星上可能从未存在过海洋)”能概括文章内容，最适合作文章标题。故选A项。【答案】12．D13．A14．B15．C【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了印度班达迦老虎保护区因大象食用受真菌感染的珍珠粟而死亡的事件，研究人员怀疑真菌产生的毒素是罪魁祸首，并计划进一步检测粟的样本以确认原因。【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Forestofficialsandresearchersalikewereinconfusionandwonderedwhatbroughtdownthesestronganimals.(森林官员和研究人员都很困惑，想知道是什么让这些强壮的动物倒下)”可知，森林官员对保护区发生的这一事件感到困惑。故选D项。13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In1985,acaseofkodomilletpoisoninginhumansledresearcherstoinvestigate.Theyfoundthatthemilletwasinfectedbytwotypesoffungiwhichproduceatoxin(毒素)calledcyclopiazonicacid(CPA).Laterstudiesshowedthatothertypesoffungicanalsoproducethistoxin.(1985年，一宗人类珍珠粟中毒的案例引发了研究人员的调查。他们发现粟被两种真菌感染，这两种真菌会产生一种叫作环哌唑酸(CPA)的毒素。后来的研究表明，其他种类的真菌也能产生这种毒素)”可知，这里提到1985年人类食用受感染的珍珠粟中毒事件，之后说明研究发现粟被能产生毒素的真菌感染。由此推知，作者的目的是通过这个案例展示文中所提到真菌的毒性。故选A项。14．词句猜测题。画线词的上文“MycologistKaustuvSanyalexplainedthatfungireleasespores(孢子)thatspreadthroughtheair.Thesesporesfavourwetconditions,whichiswhyfungalgrowthincreasesafterrain.TheregionaroundtheBandhavgarhTigerReservehasheavyrainsandalongrainyseason(真菌学家KaustuvSanyal解释说，真菌释放孢子，通过空气传播。这些孢子喜欢潮湿的环境，这就是为什么真菌在雨后生长加快的原因。班达迦老虎保护区周围地区有暴雨和漫长的雨季)”提到真菌的孢子喜欢潮湿环境，雨后真菌生长增加，而该保护区周围降雨量大、雨季长，这对于真菌的生长应该是“有利的”环境，画线词意思应该是“有帮助的，有益的”，与Helpful意思接近。故选B项。15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“AlthoughtherearethehighlevelsofCPAintheelephants’bodies,theexactcausehasnotbeenconfirmed.Forestofficialsplantosendmilletsamples(样品)fromtheareatoexpertsforfurthertesting.Thiscouldhelpdetermineifthefungiwereresponsibleforthedeathsoftheelephants.(尽管大象体内的CPA含量很高，但确切的原因尚未得到证实。森林官员计划将该地区的粟的样本送到专家那里进行进一步测试。这有助于确定这种真菌是否导致了大象的死亡)”可知，森林官员计划送粟的样本去做进一步检测，找出大象死亡的真正原因。故选C项。【答案】16．A17．E18．G19．F20．B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汤姆从足球退役后，对自己在所效力球队中的影响进行了反思，并总结出了可以应用于各种组织的行动经验。【解析】16．根据后文“Thefirstlessoninleadershipistoprioritizetheteam,evenduringpersonalchallenges.(领导力的第一课是要把团队放在首位，即使是在个人面临挑战的时候)”可知，本段强调的是团队的重要性，要把团队放在首位。A选项“Alwaysputtheteamfirst(总是把团队放在第一位)”符合语境，且能够概括本段主旨。故选A项。17．根据后文“Forexample,Swift,afullback,workedhardtoblockdefensesbuthardlyreceivedpraise.TomlearnedtorecognizeSwift’scontributions,whichgavehimaboostinmorale.(例如，后卫斯威夫特努力阻挡防守，但几乎没有得到表扬。汤姆学会了认可斯威夫特的贡献，这提升了他的士气)”可知，本段通过斯威夫特的例子说明，有些运动员并没有得到他们应得的认可。E选项“Insports,someplayersdonotgettherecognitiontheydeserve(在体育运动中，有些运动员并没有得到他们应得的认可)”符合语境，且能够引出下文斯威夫特的例子。故选E项。18．根据前文“Setthestandardandcreateacultureof100%effort.Tomwaspartofahardworkinggroupduringhisearlyseasons.(设定标准，创造百分之百努力的文化。汤姆早年曾是一个努力训练的团队的一员)”以及后文“Bypushingeachothertogobeyondbasicexpectations,theydevelopedacultureofcommitmentthatbenefitedeveryone.(他们通过相互督促，超越基本期望，形成了一种有利于每个人的奉献文化)”可知，本段强调的是团队要设定标准，创造努力的文化，大家共同努力追求卓越。G选项“Theteamhelditselfaccountableforeffort,workingforexcellencetogether(团队对努力负责，共同追求卓越)”符合语境，承上启下，说明了团队共同努力追求卓越的态度。故选G项。19．根据前文“Communicatehonestly.Anotherleadershipruleisbeingopenaboutexpectations.Tommadeitapointtocommunicatehisstandardshonestly,allowingteammatestounderstandwheretheycouldimprovewithoutfeelingattacked.(诚实沟通。另一个领导原则是公开期望。汤姆特别注意诚实地沟通他的标准，让队友们明白他们可以在哪些方面改进，而不会感到被攻击)”可知，本段强调的是诚实沟通的重要性。F选项“Thishonestbehaviorhelpsplayersgrowandstrengthensteambonds(这种诚实的行为有助于球员成长，并加强团队纽带)”符合语境，说明了诚实沟通的好处，与上文逻辑连贯。故选F项。20．根据后文“Somearemotivatedbycontracts,orbytheirimageinthemedia.Greatleadersunderstandthesedifferentdriversandmotivateeffectively.(有些人受合同的激励，或者受他们在媒体上的形象的激励。伟大的领导者理解这些不同的驱动力，并能有效地激励他们)”可知，本段强调的是每个球员都有独特的驱动力。B选项“Everyplayerhasuniquedrivers(每个球员都有独特的驱动力)”与下文相呼应，引出下文关于不同激励因素的内容。故选B项。【答案】21．C22．A23．B24．D25．A26．D27．B28．C29．A30．B31．D32．C33．A34．A35．B【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了小时候