江西省新八校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末联考英语试题【含答案】

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页江西省新八校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末联考英语试题一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）BookingProcessofHostelworldHostelworldisthelargesthostelbookingplatform.BookingthroughHostelworldiseasy.Youcaneitherusetheregularwebsiteordownloadtheappandthenfollowthestepsbelow.Inputnecessarydetailsonly·destination·preferredproperty(thehostelofyourchoice!)·numberofguests(onlyyouorwithfriends?)·andnumberofnight(withcheck-indateandcheck-outdate)Hereyouhave2bookingoptionsNon-flexibleBookingWiththenon-flexiblebookingyourdepositisnon-refundable.Again,thisisNON-REFUNDABLE!StandardFlexibleBookingThestandardflexiblebookingcostsanextrafee(only€1.00perguest)andyourdepositisprotected.Incaseofacancellationyoucanusethisdeposittomakeadifferentbooking.Obviously,asabackpackerandtraveleronabudget,youwanttosaveeventhat1€.Ourbestadvicewouldbetomakethenon-refundablebookingfordatesyouare100%certainabout.Thatbeingsaid,forbusydatesandcities,itmakessensetogowiththeflexiblebooking.ThiscanbecitieslikeBarcelona,Paris,London,AmsterdamandRome.Forpayments,youmayusea·validcreditcard·debitcardBestPriceGuaranteeHostelworldhasabestpriceguarantee.Ifyoufindacheaperpriceonadifferentwebsite,youcanstillbookforthatpricewithHostelworld.Theystate:“BestPriceGuaranteeIfyoufindabookingcheaperonanyotherwebsite,we’llrefundyouthedifference.”1．Whichofthefollowingisrecommendedtochoosethenon-flexiblebooking?A．Abackpackeronatightbudget. B．AtravelerplanningtovisitLondon.C．Atouristvisitingduringpeakseason. D．Abusinessmanwithanuncertainschedule.2．WhatwillHostelworlddoifyoufindacheaperpriceonanotherwebsite?A．Askyoutopaythedifference. B．Offermuchlowerpricetoyou.C．Contactyoutocancelyourbooking. D．Returntheoverchargedfeestoyou.3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Topromotebudgettraveltips. B．TodescribehostelsinHostelworld.C．TointroduceHostelworldbookingprocess. D．ToencourageflexiblebookinginHostelworld.GideonMendel,aphotojournalistwhohasbeendocumentingclimatechangethroughhisseries“SubmergedPortraits”.Startinghisprojectin2007,Mendel’sgoalistomaketheimpactofclimatechangeonhumandeeplyfelt,movingawayfromtypicalimageryofglaciersandpolarbearstofocusonflood-affectedindividuals.Hegoeswherethefloodsare—floodstypicallylinkedtoclimatechange.Butinsteadofracingtocaptureongoingstormsandrainfall,hewaitsforthewatertosettleandtriestocapturethetrauma(创伤)enduredbycommunities.Hissubjectsstandstillintheirfloodedhomes,creatingheart-breakingimagesthatconveybothaesthetic(美学的)beautyandprofoundcontent.Theseportraitscomefrom13differentfloodzonesacrosstheglobe,demonstratingthewideexistenceofclimatechangeimpacts.AsMendelcontinueshiswork,heshiftstowardsvideo,creatinginstallations(装置)likeDeluge,whichispartofthephotographyexhibition“Coal+Ice”atNewYork’sAsiaSociety.Theexhibition,showingvideosoffloodsurvivorsreturninghome,emphasizesthepersonalandglobalconsequencesofclimatechange.“Hemakesithumanandreal,thatweareallvulnerableandimpactedbyclimatechange,regardlessofwhereweliveorwhatourincomeis,”commentedTzeporahBerman,chairandfounderoftheFossilFuelNon-ProliferationTreatyInitiative,afterviewingDeluge.“Hebringstolifenotjustwhat’shappeninginthelandscapebutshowsthedespairinpeople’sfaces.”Mendel’slong-termmissiontoportraytraumaconnectsdeeplywithhisfamilyhistoryoftheHolocaust,influencingbothhisartisticandactivistpursuits.Despitetheconnection,hesays,“Realactiviststakerisksandgotoprisonandputthemselvesontheline.Ionlyputmypicturesonline.”4．WhateffectmayMendel’sphotographsoffloodsurvivorshaveonviewers?A．Calming. B．Touching. C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.5．Whatdoweknowabout“Coal+Ice”?A．Itfocusesonhistoricalfloodevents.B．Ithighlightstheimpactofclimatechange.C．ItgivesbirthtoinstallationslikeDeluge.D．Itdisplaystheaestheticbeautyoffloodzones.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Mendelonlycaresaboutonlineexposure.B．Mendeltakesthesamerisksasrealactivists.C．Mendelholdsahumbleattitudetowardshisefforts.D．Mendel’smissionisirrelevanttohisfamilyhistory.7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMendel?A．Devotedandsympathetic. B．Passionateandhumorous.C．Ambitiousandcourageous. D．Thoughtfulandgenerous.Marmosets,thosesmallandadorablemonkeysnativetoSouthAmerica,arefarmoresophisticatedthantheyappear.Accordingtoanewstudy,membersofmarmosettroopsusespecificvocalizations—“pheecalls”—tocalleachotherbynames.Anamingsystemlikethisisnotrivialdiscoveryinanyspecies,consideringhowfewwildanimalsareknowntohaveone.Itisthefirsttimesuchbehaviorhasbeenobservedinprimatesotherthanhumans.Torevealthesecretsofmarmosets,theresearchersrecordednaturalconversationsbetweenpairsofmarmosets,whocouldnotseebutcouldheareachother.Theyfoundthatmarmosetsusepheecallstoengageinturn-takingdialoguesandevenidentifydetailsaboutwhoeverisproducingthem.Thedistinctivefeaturesandflexibilityofthesecallssuggestthatmarmosetsmightusethemtolabelandcommunicatewitheachotherwithintheirsocialgroups.Interestingly,thisbehaviorextendsbeyondcloselyrelatedindividuals,indicatingthatmarmosetslearnnamesandpronunciationdetailsfromfellowtroopmembers.MarmosetsinhabitthickrainforestcanopiesacrossaswathofSouthAmerica,wherevocallylabelingeachindividualtroopmembermightofferanadaptiveadvantage,theresearchersnote.Visibilityislimitedinthesedensetreetops,butusingvocallabelsasnamesmightassistmarmosetsinstayingconnectedandworkingtogetherasagroupwhiletheyarespendingsignificantamountsoftimeoutofeachother’ssight.Infact,thismightevenhintathowsomeofourprehumanancestorsdevelopedsocialcommunicationandlanguage.“Marmosetsliveinsmallmonogamous(一夫一妻制)familygroupsandtakecareoftheiryoungtogether,muchlikehumansdo,”Omersays.“Thesesimilaritiessuggestthattheyfacedcomparableevolutionarysocialchallengestoourearlypre-linguisticancestors,whichmighthaveledthemtodevelopsimilarcommunicatingmethods.”8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trivial”inparagraph1mean?A．Rare. B．Significant. C．Complicated. D．Unimportant.9．Whatdidtheresearchersdiscoveraboutpheecallsusedbymarmosets?A．Theyarevocalizationsuniquetomarmosets.B．Theyareabandonedbycloselyrelatedindividuals.C．Theyarefixedwithoutflexibilityindialogues.D．Theyareusedforcommunicationandidentification.10．Inwhichwaymightvocallabelingbenefitmarmosetsintherainforest?A．Defendingeachindividualtroopmember.B．Enhancingthevisibilityintherainforest.C．Maintainingsocialbondsinlowvisibilityconditions.D．Spendingmoretimewithcloselyrelatedindividuals.11．Whatmightcontributetomarmosets’similarcommunicatingmethodsasearlyhumanancestors?A．Smallfamilygroups. B．Similarsocialchallenges.C．Identicallivingenvironments. D．Comparablelinguisticsystem.Theapproachisanearlyexampleof“self-healinggrid(输电网)”technology,whichusesAItodetectandrepairproblemssuchaspowercutsautonomouslyandwithouthumaninterventionwhenissuesoccur,suchasstorm-damagedpowerlines.Althoughfurtherresearchisneededbeforethissystemcanbeimplementedandscaledtoreal-worldpowergrids,itisstillanexcitingdevelopmentforthenation’stroubledpowergrid,accordingtoresearchers.Powergridsworldwidefacechallengesfromincreasingextremeweatherevents,cyberattacks,andrisingdemand.Therefore,it’scrucialtodeveloptoolsthatmodernizethesystemandmakeitmoreresilient(有适应力的)againstfuturepowercuts.TheNorthAmericangridisavast,complexnetworkoftransmissionanddistributionlines,generationfacilities,andtransformersthatinefficientlydeliverselectricityfrompowersourcestoconsumers.Usingvariousscenariosintestnetworks,theresearchteamdemonstratedthatitssolutioncanautomaticallyidentifyalternativeroutestotransferelectricitytousersbeforeapowercutoccurs.Oncetrained,theAI-drivensystemcanrerouteelectricalflowinmicroseconds,vastlyoutpacingcurrentprocessesinvolvingclassicalengineeringtechniquesorhumanintervention,whichcantakeminutestohours.Theirgoalistoquicklyfindthebestpathtosendpowertothemajorityofusers.Theyusemachinelearningalgorithmsongraphstounderstandcomplexrelationshipsinpowernetworks.Thishelpsthemseehowcomponentsareconnectedandhowelectricityflows.Theyalsorelyonreinforcementlearning,whereavirtualagentispositionedinasimulation(模拟)environmentoftherealproblem—tosystematicallyplayoutscenariosandprogressivelylearnfromthisexperience.Anexampleofknowledgegainedfromsuchexperiencewouldbeifalinefaultblockselectricity,thesystemcanrearrangeusingswitchesanddrawpowerfromneighbouringsources,likesolarpanelsorbatteriesonauniversitycampusorbusiness.Afterfocusingonpreventingpowercuts,theresearchersnowaimtodevelopsimilartechnologytorepairandrestorethegridfollowingdisruptions,likethosecausedbynaturalhazards.12．WhyistheNorthAmericangridmentionedinParagraph2?A．Toshowcasethenecessityforgridmodernization.B．Toillustratethecomplexityofmodernpowernetworks.C．Toemphasizeitsuniquechallengesnotfoundelsewhere.D．Toshowithasadopted“self-healinggrid”technology.13．Whatistheadvantageoftheself-healinggridsystem?A．Itallowsthepowergridtogeneratemoreelectricity.B．Itinvolvesnecessaryclassicalengineeringtechniques.C．Itautomaticallytransferselectricitytousersondemand.D．Itsignificantlyquickenstheprocessofreroutingelectricity.14．Howmightthesystemhandlealinefaultblockingelectricity?A．Bywaitingforhumanintervention.B．Bygettingridofsolarpanelsandbatteries.C．Byredirectingandusingpowerfromnearbysources.D．Byusingatraditionalpowerdistributionmappingsystem.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．GridModernization:ARoadtoSelfHealingB．Self-HealingGridTechnology:FullofPotentialC．Al-DrivenRerouting:KeytoEnergy-EfficiencyD．Al:PreventingPowerCutswithMachineLearningTheworldcheeredwhen12boysandtheirfootballcoach,whohadbeentrappedinacaveinnorthernThailandforovertwoweeks,wererescuedonJuly10.Thecoach,a25-year-oldformermonknamedEkapolChantawong,reportedlytaughttheboysmeditationtopassthetime,staycalm,andconserveenergy.16So,whatexactlyismeditation,andcanittrulybebeneficial?Meditation,apracticewithrootsinvariousphilosophies,fundamentallyinvolvesmindfulnessofthepresentmoment.Inmindfulnessmeditation,individualsstrivetoshiftattentionawayfromdistractingthoughtsandfocusonlyonthehereandnow.17Evenbrieflysilencingone’smindamidstworkpressuresordigitaldistractionsrequirespractice.Meditationcontributestoimprovingnotjustmental,butphysicalhealthaswell.Studieshaveshownthatitcanincreaseimmunefunctionandreducechronicpain.Meditationhasalsoproventobeeffectiveindecreasinginstancesofdepression,anxietyandstress.Itcanalsosharpenyourmind,helpyourfocusandattention,andimproveyourmemory.1819Afewminuteseachdaycanmakeadifference.Setasidebothtimeandspace,becauserushingthroughitwoulddefeatthepurpose.WearcomfortableclothingandfindaquietspotawayfromdistractionslikeTVsorpets.Sitcross-leggedonthefloororuprightinachair,avoidinglyingdowntopreventsleepiness.Asyousettle,breathedeeplyandobserveyourimmediatesensationswithoutjudgment.Initially,itmightbetoughtoquietthenoiseinyourhead.20Overtime,meditationwilldefinitelybecomeacomfortableandrewardingpractice,fosteringinnerpeaceandenhancingoverallwellbeing.A．Keeppracticinganddon’tgiveup!B．Toembarkonameditationjourney,startsmall.C．Guidedmeditationscanhelpbeginnersgetstarted.D．Mindfulnesscanbeappliedtoeverydayactivities.E．Despiteitssimplicity,masteringthistechniquecanbechallenging.F．Thatiswhysomeschoolshavestartedteachingmindfulnesstechniques.G．Thispracticedidhelpthemmaintainmentalstrengthduringhardship.二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）NolandKeaulanahasbeenalifeguardfor16years.OnaWednesdayevening,hewas21hisdutyasusualwhenhereceivedanalertonhiswalkie-talkie(对讲机)aboutamissing17-year-oldboy.KahiauKawai,offtheHonolulucoast.Kahiauhadaccidentally22afterhiskayak(独木舟)overturnedduringhishighschoolpractice.AsKeaulanaandotherrescuers23theirwaytotheocean,Kahiauwasstrugglingagainststrongcurrents,and24betweenlyingonhiskayakandtreading(踩)water.“Itwaspretty25outthere,thewaveswerestrongandIjustcouldn’tfightthe26.”Kahiaurecalled.Thefiredepartmentquickly27multipleboats,aircraft,andover50personnel.Keaulanawasoneofthoserescuers,28searchingtheocean,witheverypassinghourbringingadeepeningsenseof29.Aftera(n)30eight-hoursearch,aUSCoastGuardairplanecrewspottedKahim.He31Keaulana—thenearestboater.“Hejustappearedinmy32,treadingwaterandholdingontothekayak.”Kahianwasrescuedafternearly12hoursintheocean.Keaulana,comingfromaNativeHawaiianwatermanfamily,hassavedmanypeople.Savinglives,hesays,ishispassion—and33.“Itreateveryoneasmyownfamilymembers.Thatwholenight,I’mouttheresearchingformyown34.”hesaid.“Beingabletofindhimwasvery35.”21．A．performing B．carrying C．delaying D．securing22．A．sankdown B．floatedaway C．climbedout D．setoff23．A．continued B．felt C．made D．found24．A．remaining B．choosing C．jumping D．switching25．A．gentle B．rough C．smooth D．calm26．A．storm B．wind C．tide D．current27．A．sentout B．putaway C．heldback D．brokethrough28．A．casually B．desperately C．hesitantly D．confidently29．A．worry B．excitement C．delight D．hope30．A．brief B．quick C．thorough D．hurried31．A．texted B．emailed C．radioed D．phoned32．A．sight B．imagination C．memory D．mind33．A．interest B．duty C．hobby D．determination34．A．daughter B．visitor C．son D．survivor35．A．reasonable B．tiring C．surprising D．emotional三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChineseteaartwasbornintheHanDynasty,36(mature)intheSongDynastyandflourishedintheMingandQingdynasties.Chineseteaartmade37(it)aculturalandspiritualicon,symbolizinganoblecharacter.EarlyrecordsofteasetsarescarcebeforetheTangDynasty.However,LuYu’swork,ChaJing,promotedaflourishingofteaculture,38(detail)28distinctteasetswithinasinglechapter.TheteasetsintheSongDynastyaremoregorgeousandmagnificent.Teabottlereplacedwaterboiler,and“chaxian”,functioning39aspoontoblendtea,wasaddedinteasets.A40(compete)gamebasedonteadrinkingacquired41greatreputationduringthistime.Theteabottleusedhasabigbelly,longneck,andparabolicmouthforprecisepouring.IntheMingandQingdynasties,teasetsshiftedbacktosimplerterracottaandporcelain,yettheyweremoresophisticatedthanTangDynasty42(version).Whitecoloredteasets,43colourwasbeautifullysetoffbythegreencoloroftheloosetea,becamemorefavorable.PurpleclaypotteryfromYixing,Jiangsuprovince,thrivedintheQingDynasty.44(remarkable),teainpurpleclayteasetsstilltastesgoodafter45(keep)foronenighteveninhotsummer.四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）46．假定你是李华，上周末参加了学校组织的以“保护绿色，从我做起（ProtectingtheGreenBeginswithMe）”为主题的环保徒步活动（eco-friendlyhikingevent）。请你给校英语报写一篇短文分享这次经历，内容包括：1.徒步的时间和路线；2.徒步中所采取的环保行动；3.你的感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。AnUnforgettableEco-FriendlyHikingEvent___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Inasmalltown,therelivedanoldwomannamedMrs.Thompsonwhowasknownforherkindheart.However,shehadbeenlivingalonesinceherhusbandpassedawayandherreclusive(隐居的)naturekeptherabitapartfromothers.Shelivedalonelylife,withherwell-tendedgardenasheronlycomfort.Thegardenwasanabundanceofcolors,filledwithroses,daisies,andvariousherbs.Eachplantwascaredforwithherfullloveandattention.Oneday,ayounggirlnamedLilymovedintotheneighborhood.Lilywasacuriousandfriendlychild,butshehadbeenthroughadifficulttimeasshewasrecoveringfromaseriousillnessandwasoftensadandlonely.Oneafternoon,LilywaswalkingpastMrs.Thompson’shouseandwasattractedbythebeautifulgarden.ShepeckedoverthefenceandsawMrs.Thompsontendingtotheflowers.Mrs.ThompsonnoticedLilyandinvitedherin.Lilywashesitantatfirstbutthenwalkedinwithashysmile.Mrs.Thompsonshowedheraroundthegardenandtoldheraboutthedifferentplantsandtheiruses.ShepickedafewherbsandmadeacupofteaforLily,sayingitwasgoodforherhealth.Lilydranktheteaandfeltawarmthandcomfortshehadn’tfeltinalongtime.Asthedayspassed,Lilybecameafrequentvisitortothegarden.Mrs.Thompsontaughtherhowtoplantseeds,watertheplants,andtakecareofthem.Lily’shealthgraduallyimproved,andshestartedtosmileandlaughmore.However,oneday,Mrs.Thompsonfellillandwashospitalized.Learningofthis,Lilyrushedtothehospitaltoensureherwell-being.Duringtheirconversation,sheknewMrs.Thompsonwasworriedabouthergarden,fearingthatwithouthercare,theflowersandherbsshecherishedwouldwither(枯萎).注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右：2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Lilydecidedtotakeuptheresponsibilityinherplace.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AccompaniedbyLily,Mrs.Thompsonreturnedhome.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案【答案】1．A2．D3．C【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了Hostelworld的预订流程，包括输入必要信息、选择预订类型（非灵活预订和标准灵活预订）、支付方式以及最佳价格保证。【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第二个小标题“Obviously,asabackpackerandtraveleronabudget,youwanttosaveeventhat1€.Ourbestadvicewouldbetomakethenon-refundablebookingfordatesyouare100%certainabout.(显然,作为一个背包客和预算有限的旅行者，你甚至想节省那1欧元。所以，我们最好的建议是，对于你百分之百确定的日期，选择不可退款的预订)”可知，建议预算有限的旅行者选择不可退款的预订以节省费用。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifyoufindabookingcheaperonanyotherwebsite,we’llrefundyouthedifference.(如果你在其他网站上找到更便宜的预订,我们会退还差价给你)”可知，如果用户在其他网站上发现更便宜的价格，Hostelworld会退还差价。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据标题“BookingProcessofHostelworld(Hostelworld的预订流程)”和第一段“Hostelworldisthelargesthostelbookingplatform.BookingthroughHostelworldiseasy.Youcaneitherusetheregularwebsiteordownloadtheappandthenfollowthestepsbelow.(Hostelworld是最大的旅舍预订平台。通过Hostelworld预订很容易。你可以使用常规网站或下载应用程序，然后按照下面的步骤操作)”并结合下文可知，本文主要介绍了Hostelworld的预订流程，包括如何输入信息、选择预订类型、支付方式以及最佳价格保证。故文章的目的是介绍Hostelworld的预订流程。故选C。【答案】4．B5．B6．C7．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了摄影记者GideonMendel及其系列作品“SubmergedPortraits”，该系列通过记录洪水影响下的个体，旨在直观展现气候变化的人文影响。Mendel的工作不仅限于摄影，还扩展到视频装置艺术，以此强调气候变化带来的全球性后果。【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Hissubjectsstandstillintheirfloodedhomes,creatingheart-breakingimagesthatconveybothaestheticbeautyandprofoundcontent.(他的拍摄对象站在被洪水淹没的家园中，一动不动，创造出令人心碎的画面，这些画面既具有美学之美，又包含了深刻的内涵)”可知，Mendel的照片描绘了洪水幸存者在被淹没的家中的情景，这些图像既美丽又深刻，能够触动观众的情感，让他们感受到洪水带来的创伤。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Theexhibition,showingvideosoffloodsurvivorsreturninghome,emphasizesthepersonalandglobalconsequencesofclimatechange.(展览展示了洪水幸存者回家的视频，强调了气候变化对个人和全球的影响)”可知，“Coal+Ice”摄影展通过展示洪水幸存者返回家园的视频，突显了气候变化的影响。故选B。6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Realactiviststakerisksandgotoprisonandputthemselvesontheline.Ionlyputmypicturesonline.(真正的活动家会冒险、坐牢，把自己置于危险之中。我只是把照片放到了网上)”可知，我们可以看出Mendel对自己的工作持有一种谦逊的态度。他承认自己并没有像真正的活动家那样冒很大的风险，只是通过网络分享图片。这表明他对自己的贡献有清晰的认识，并且不夸大自己的作用。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Hemakesithumanandreal,thatweareallvulnerableandimpactedbyclimatechange,regardlessofwhereweliveorwhatourincomeis(他使其人性化且真实，即我们所有人都是脆弱的，并且受到气候变化的影响，无论我们生活在哪里或收入如何)”可知，Mendel的作品深刻地体现了他对全球各地人们面对气候变化时的脆弱性和影响的理解和同情。故选A。【答案】8．D9．D10．C11．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨了狨（marmosets）这种小型且可爱的南美猴类在社会互动中的复杂性，特别是它们使用特定叫声“pheecalls”作为名字进行交流的独特方式。这一发现不仅揭示了狨的社会结构复杂性，还为理解人类早期祖先的社交沟通和语言发展提供了线索。【解析】8．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“consideringhowfewwildanimalsareknowntohaveone(考虑到很少有野生动物已知拥有这种系统)”、“Itisthefirsttimesuchbehaviorhasbeenobservedinprimatesotherthanhumans.(这是首次在人类以外的灵长类动物中观察到这种行为)”可知，鉴于已知拥有这种（命名系统）的野生动物很少，说明像这样的命名系统在任何物种中都不是“不重要”的发现，此处为双重否定等于肯定意思，故划线词意思是“不重要的”。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyfoundthatmarmosetsusepheecallstoengageinturn-takingdialoguesandevenidentifydetailsaboutwhoeverisproducingthem.Thedistinctivefeaturesandflexibilityofthesecallssuggestthatmarmosetsmightusethemtolabelandcommunicatewitheachotherwithintheirsocialgroups.(他们发现，狨猴会用它们的叫声来进行轮流对话，甚至还能识别出说话人的细节。这些叫声的独特特征和灵活性表明，狨猴可能会用它们在社会群体中相互标记和交流)”可知，狨猴的叫声用于交流和识别。故选D。10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Visibilityislimitedinthesedensetreetops,butusingvocallabelsasnamesmightassistmarmosetsinstayingconnectedandworkingtogetherasagroupwhiletheyarespendingsignificantamountsoftimeoutofeachother’ssight.(在这些茂密的树梢上，能见度是有限的，但使用声音标签作为名字可能有助于狨猴保持联系，并在彼此视线之外度过大量时间时作为一个群体一起工作)”可知，在雨林中，声音标记可以让狨猴在低能见度条件下维持社会联系。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thesesimilaritiessuggestthattheyfacedcomparableevolutionarysocialchallengestoourearlypre-linguisticancestors,whichmighthaveledthemtodevelopsimilarcommunicatingmethods.(这些相似之处表明,它们面临着与我们早期非语言祖先相似的进化社会挑战，这可能导致它们发展出类似的沟通方法)”可知，类似的社会挑战导致狨猴拥有与早期人类祖先相似的交流方式。故选B。【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了研究人员开发了一种使用AI技术的“自愈电网”技术，能够自动检测和修复电力故障，如暴风雨损坏的电线。该技术在测试网络中表现出色，能迅速重新分配电力流向，尽管在将这个系统应用于实际电网之前还需要进一步的研究，但研究人员表示，这对于国家问题重重的电网来说仍然是一个令人兴奋的进展。【解析】12．推理判断题。根据第二段“Powergridsworldwidefacechallengesfromincreasingextremeweatherevents,cyberattacks,andrisingdemand.Therefore,it’scrucialtodeveloptoolsthatmodernizethesystemandmakeitmoreresilient(有适应力的)againstfuturepowercuts.(全球电网面临极端天气事件增多、网络攻击和需求上升等挑战。因此，开发现代化工具以增强系统对未来断电的适应力至关重要)”可知，提及北美电网是以此为例，呼应上文，表明更新电网的必要性。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Oncetrained,theAI-drivensystemcanrerouteelectricalflowinmicroseconds,vastlyoutpacingcurrentprocessesinvolvingclassicalengineeringtechniquesorhumanintervention,whichcantakeminutestohours.(一旦经过训练，这个由AI驱动的系统可以在微秒内重新路由电流，在速度上大大超过当前涉及传统工程技术或人为干预的流程，这些流程可能需要几分钟到几小时)”可知，自愈电网的优势在于它显著加快了重新路由电力的过程。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据第四段“Anexampleofknowledgegainedfromsuchexperiencewouldbeifalinefaultblockselectricity,thesystemcanrearrangeusingswitchesanddrawpowerfromneighbouringsources,likesolarpanelsorbatteriesonauniversitycampusorbusiness.(从这样的经验中获得的一个例子是，如果线路故障导致电力中断，系统可以通过开关重新配置，并从邻近来源获取电力，比如大学校园或企业上的太阳能电池板或电池)”可知，当系统处理线路故障阻断电力时，它会通过重定向和使用附近来源的电力来应对。故选C。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Theapproachisanearlyexampleof“self-healinggrid(输电网)”technology,whichusesAItodetectandrepairproblemssuchaspowercutsautonomouslyandwithouthumaninterventionwhenissuesoccur,suchasstorm-damagedpowerlines.(这种方法是“自我修复电网”技术的早期例子，该技术利用人工智能自动检测和修复停电等问题，并且在风暴损坏电线等问题发生时无需人工干预)”结合本文介绍了研究人员开发了一种使用AI技术的“自愈电网”技术，能够自动检测和修复电力故障，如暴风雨损坏的电线。该技术在测试网络中表现出色，能迅速重新分配电力流向，尽管在将这个系统应用于实际电网之前还需要进一步的研究，但研究人员表示，这对于国家问题重重的电网来说仍然是一个令人兴奋的进展。故B选项“自愈电网技术：潜力巨大”最符合文章标题。故选B。【答案】16．G17．E18．F19．B20．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了冥想的定义、好处以及如何开始练习冥想。【解析】16．根据上文“Thecoach,a25-year-oldformermonknamedEkapolChantawong,reportedlytaughttheboysmeditationtopassthetime,staycalm,andconserveenergy.(据报道，25岁的教练埃卡波·占塔旺曾是一名僧人，他教这些男孩冥想，以消磨时间、保持冷静和保存能量)”推知空处陈述冥想的作用。选项G“这种做法确实帮助他们在困难时期保持精神力量”符合题意。故选G。17．根据上文“Meditation,apracticewithrootsinvariousphilosophies,fundamentallyinvolvesmindfulnessofthepresentmoment.Inmindfulnessmeditation,individualsstrivetoshiftattentionawayfromdistractingthoughtsandfocusonlyonthehereandnow.(冥想是一种根植于各种哲学的练习，从根本上说，它涉及到对当下的专注。在正念冥想中，人们努力将注意力从分散注意力的想法中转移出来，只关注此时此地)”以及后文“Evenbrieflysilencingone’smindamidstworkpressuresordigitaldistractionsrequirespractice.(即使是在工作压力或数字干扰下短暂地让自己的大脑安静下来，也需要练习)”可知，尽管冥想有其哲学根源和看似简单的本质，但要真正精通却需要时间和努力，说明冥想具有复杂性和挑战性。E选项“尽管这个方法很简单，但是掌握它却很有挑战性”符合语境，故选E。18．根据前一句“Itcanalsosharpenyourmind,helpyourfocusandattention,andimproveyourmemory.(它还可以使你的思维敏捷，帮助你集中注意力，提高你的记忆力)”提到冥想对提高注意力、记忆力等方面的益处，因此需要一个句子来进一步解释这些益处的影响。选项F“这就是为什么一些学校开始教授正念技巧”与前文衔接紧密。故选F。19．根据后文“Afewminuteseachdaycanmakeadifference.Setasidebothtimeandspace,becauserushingthroughitwoulddefeatthepurpose.WearcomfortableclothingandfindaquietspotawayfromdistractionslikeTVsorpets.Sitcross-leggedonthefloororuprightinachair,avoidinglyingdowntopreventsleepiness.Asyousettle,breathedeeplyandobserveyourimmediatesensationswithoutjudgment.(每天只花几分钟就能带来不同。留出时间和空间，因为匆匆而过会破坏目的。穿舒适的衣服，找一个安静的地方，远离电视或宠物等干扰。盘腿坐在地板上或坐在椅子上，避免躺下，以免困。静下心来，深呼吸，不加评判地观察自己的即时感受)”可知，这一段开始介绍如何开始冥想。选项B“