2018-2019学年高中一轮复习英语讲义必修一Module4ASocialSurveyMyNeighbourhood

Module4ASocialSurvey—MyNeighbourhood一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．localadj. 地方的；局部的2．suburbn. 城郊；郊区3．nuisancen. 令人讨厌的人或事4．districtn. 地域；区域；行政区5．harbourn. 海港[第二屏听写]6．architecturen． 建筑7．gorgeousadj. 美丽的；宜人的8．mitteen. 委员会9．householdn. 家属；家人10．manualadj. 用手的；手的11．galleryn. 美术馆；画廊Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．surveyn． 调查2．hometownn. 家乡3．prettyadv. 很；相当4．soundvi. 听起来5．bothervt. 打扰；烦扰；麻烦[第四屏听写]6．approachvt. 接近7．trafficn. 交通8．exchangevt. 交换9．affordvt. 买得起；有能力支付10．contactvt. 联络；联系(某人)[第五屏听写]11．neighbourhoodn． 四邻；街坊12．attractiveadj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的13．fortunateadj. 幸运的；吉祥的14．touristn. 旅游者；观光客15．rentn. 租金[第六屏听写]16．starve_vi. 饿死17．organisationn. 组织18．unemployedadj. 失业的；没有工作的19．occupationn. 职业20．professionaladj. 专业的[第七屏听写]21．employmentn． 就业；工作；职业22．fascinating_adj. 迷人的；吸引人的23．survivevi. 死里逃生；大难不死24．parkvt. 停车25．put_up 修建[第八屏听写]26．so_far 到目前为止27．up_to_now 到目前为止28．till_now 到目前为止29．get_away_from 摆脱30．a_great_many 许多；大量31．a_number_of 许多；大量32．go_up 上升二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.localadj.地方的；局部的2.suburbn.城郊；郊区3.districtn.地域；区域；行政区4.harbourn.海港5.architecturen．建筑6mitteen.委员会7.householdn.家属；家人8.galleryn.美术馆；画廊Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.surveyn．调查2.prettyadv.很；相当3.rentn.租金4.parkvt.停车核心单词练通1.Theincreasingnumberofcarsbringsaboutmanyproblems,suchastraffic(交通)congestion.2.Peoplehavedevelopedthehabitofexchanging(交换)giftsonmanyspecialoccasions.3.WiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationapproaching(接近),allthestudentsarebusypreparingforit.4.HowIwishIcouldafford(买得起)ahouseinBeijing！5.Althoughyourideasounds(听起来)good,Idon'tthinkitwillworkinreality.6.Don'tbother(打扰)mewhileI'mreading.7.Pleasecontact(联络)mebyeq\a\vs4\al(e)­mailifyouareinterested.8.IlikethefoodfromtheNorth,becauseitremindsmeofmyhometown(家乡)．拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.neighbourhoodn．四邻；街坊→neighbourn．邻居2.attractiveadj.有吸引力的；吸引人的→attractvt.吸引→attractionn．吸引；名胜3.fortunateadj.幸运的；吉祥的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地；吉祥地→fortunen．运气；财富4.touristn．旅游者；观光客→tourvt.&n.旅游；观光→tourismn．旅游业5.starvevi.饿死→starvationn．饿死；挨饿6.occupationn．职业→occupyv．占用；占据7.professionaladj.专业的→professionn．职业；专业8.organisationn．组织→organisevt.组织9.unemployedadj.失业的；没有工作的→unemploymentn．失业→employmentn．就业；工作；职业→employvt.雇用→employern．雇主→employeen．雇员10.fascinatingadj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinatevt.使着迷→fascinationn．魅力11.survivevi.死里逃生；大难不死→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．幸存者[用准用活]1.TheGreatWallisanattraction,_whosesceneryisveryattractive,_anditattractsalargenumberoftouristseveryday.(attract)2.Itwasfortunateofthemtomakeafortunebytradingwithforeigners.Andmorefortunatelyforthem,theyweresupportedbythegovernment.(fortune)3.Itissurprisingthattherearestillmanypeopleintheworldstarvingtodeatheachyear;thatis,manypeopledieofstarvation.(starve)4.Therewassuchgreatunemploymentinthecitythatsomeemployersarerequiredtoemploymoreemployees.(employ)5.Onlytwopassengerssurvivedtheaircrash.Whenthetwosurvivorswereinterviewed,theysaidtheirsurvivalwasawonder.(survive)6.Tourismisamainindustryofthisarea.Everyyearmillionsoftouristseheretoenjoyawonderfultour.(tour)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.程度副词步步深入①slightly轻微地②fairly相当③quite很；相当④pretty很；相当⑤rather相当；非常2.感官系动词全接触①sound听起来②look看起来③smell闻起来④taste尝起来⑤feel摸起来3.后缀­al高频形容词汇总①professional专业的②occupational职业的③personal个人的④national国家的；民族的⑤traditional传统的⑥international国际的4.后缀­ive形容词大观园①attractive有吸引力的②impressive使人印象深刻的③creative有创造力的④constructive建设性的⑤expensive昂贵的(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.put_up修建2.so_far/up_to_now/till_now到目前为止3.get_away_from_摆脱4.a_great_many/a_number_of许多；大量5.make_it_做成；成功6.go_up上升Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.①A_great_many/A_number_ofhigh­risebuildingshavebeen②put_up.Oureconomyis③going_up.④So_far/Up_to_now/Till_now,_wehave⑤got_away_frompoverty.Wearelivingahappylifenow.Ibelieveonlyifweworkhardcanwe⑥make_it.第二组1.pay_back归还；偿还2.at_weekends_在周末3.make_money挣钱4.as_a_result_结果To①pay_backthemoneyheowedtohisfriend,heworkedveryhardto②make_money.Hedidn'thavearesteven③at_weekends.④As_a_result,_hepaidoffthedebts.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“许多；大量”短语集锦①plentyof②agreatmany③alargenumberof④agreat/gooddealof⑤alargequantityof/largequantitiesof2.“v.＋it”短语大全①makeit做成，成功②getit明白；理解③goit赶快做④watchit注意3.“v.＋up”短语全接触①goup上升②breakup分裂；打碎③buildup逐渐增强；建立④hangup挂起来；挂断⑤pickup(无意中)学会；捡起⑥bringup抚养；教育⑦makeup虚构；弥补；组成⑧showup出现；露面⑨takeup占据；开始从事(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.It'sbeensixyearssincewelastsaweachother,youknow.你知道，自从我们上次见面到现在已经有六年了。Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since...表示“自从……已经多长时间了”。我离开北京已经有三年了。It_is/has_been_three_years_sinceIleftBeijing.2.AndthisisthefirsttimeI'vevisitedyourhometown.这是我第一次参观你的家乡。thisisthefirsttime(that)...意为“第一次……”，从句要用现在完成时。这是我第一次被邀请给这个学校的学生做演讲。This_is_the_first_time_that_I_have_been_invited_togivealecturetothestudentsinthisschool.3....thisisoneofthemostattractiveplacesI'vebeento.……这是我曾经去过的最吸引人的地方之一。the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋定语从句。曹文轩写的《草房子》是我读过的最棒的小说之一。TheGrassHousewrittenbyCaoWenxuanisone_of_the_best_novels_that_I_have_ever_read.4.What'stheclimatelike？气候怎么样？What's...like?用于询问“……的状况”。宇宙飞船是什么样子的？What's_a_spaceship_like？5.Citiesareinteresting,andtheycanbebeautiful,buttheyareneverbeautifulinthewaythatthecountrysideisbeautiful.城市很有趣，也会很美丽，但它们的美永远不会是乡村的那种美。thewaythat...其中that引导定语从句修饰theway。如今，计算机已经改变了我们的工作和娱乐方式。Nowadays,putershavechangedthe_way_that_we_work_and_play.考点新组合阅读微技能Arecentsurveyshowsthattherewere________❶greatmanypeopleunemployedinthisarea.Butsofar,withthehelpofthegovernmentandsomesocialorganisations,someunemployedworkershavebeen________❷tofindtheirjobsinthesuburbsandgetawayfromtheirpastharddays.Itsoundsprettyencouraging.Theybelievetheycanaffordtobuytheirownhousesaslongastheyworkhard.NowastheSpringFestivalisapproaching❸，theyexpectahappyget­togetherwiththeirfamily.1.①处填入适当的词eq\a\vs4\al(a)。2.②处应填入的最佳选项为__A__。A.fortunateB．attractiveC.fascinatingD．professional3.③处用with复合结构改写为：Now_with_the_Spring_Festival_approaching1．affordvt.买得起；有能力支付；(有时间)做；承担得起(后果)；提供，给予(1)affordtodosth. 负担得起做某事(的费用)affordsb.sth.＝affordsth.tosb. 给予某人某物；提供给某人某物(2)affordableadj. 能承担得起的affordablyadv. 负担得起地[多角练透]单句语法填空①Evenifshecanaffordto_go(go)toAmericaforaholiday,shewouldn'tgothere.②Thosepoorandneedyteenagerswereexcitedtofindashopatthecornerwheretheycouldbuyaffordably(afford)pricedbikes.句型转换③Idon'thaveenoughmoneytobuysuchanexpensivehouse.→Ican't_afford_tobuysuchanexpensivehouse.④TelevisionandtheInternetaffordmanypeoplemuchpleasure.→TelevisionandtheInternetafford_much_pleasure_tomanypeople.[名师指津]afford意为“买得起，负担得起”时，常与can,could,beableto连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。2．approachv．接近，靠近；找(某人)商量；着手处理n.接近；通道；方法；途径[练牢基点]写出下列句中approach的含义①Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.(2017·天津高考)接近，靠近②Alltheapproachestothepalacewereguardedbytroops.通道[系统考点](1)approachsb.on/about(doing)sth. 与某人商量(做)某事(2)attheapproachof 在快到……的时候makeapproachestosb. 设法接近某人anapproachto(doing)sth. (做)某事的方法/途径[练通重点]单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译③Iapproachedhimabout/onfillingthemanager'sjob.④Thejobmarkethaschangedandourapproachtofinding(find)workmustchangeaswell.⑤At_the_approach_oftherainandthewind,theswallowsarebusy.在风雨来临之际，燕子们很是繁忙。⑥随着秋季来临，天气变得凉爽起来。→Withautumn_approaching,_theweatherbeescool.→Asautumn_is_approaching,_theweatherbeescool.→The_approach_of_autumnbringsthecoolweather.[名师指津]approach表示“……的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物来临时，其后常接介词of。[联想发散]表示“……来临”的表达有：①beapproaching②bedrawingnear③bearoundthecorner3．getawayfrom摆脱；离开；逃脱getaway 走开，逃离；外出度假getawaywithsth. 做(错事)而未被发觉/未受惩罚getover 克服(困难)；从(病或损失等)中恢复过来getthrough 通过；(工作)完成；接通()[题点全练]用适当的介(副)词填空①Moreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveinthecountrysidetogetawayfromthenoiseandpollutedair.②WatchFrank—he'llcheatifhethinkshecangetawaywithit.③Ifwecangetoverpresentdifficulties,theneverythingshouldbeallright.④ItriedcallingyouseveraltimesbutIcouldn'tgetthrough.考点新组合阅读微技能Thevillagersfeltfortunate________(survive)❶theearthquake.Withthehelpofthegovernment,theydidn'tbotherthemselvesaboutfoodandshelter.Theyexchangedideasastohowtorebuildtheirhometown.Ithasbeenoneyearsincetheearthquakebrokeout.❷Sofarmanynewhouseshaveputup,andthevillagers'lifehasreturnedtonormal.❸1.①处应填入单词的正确形式为to_survive。2.②句是复合句，其中，since引导的是时间状语从句。3.③句中有一处语言错误，请改正。have后加been4．survivevi.死里逃生；大难不死vt.比……活得长；从……中逃生(1)AsurviveB(by...) A比B活得长(……)survivesth. (经历意外、战争、疾病等后)幸存，活下来surviveon 靠……生存下来(2)survivaln. 幸存；残留下来的人(物)survivorn. 幸存者[多角练透]单句语法填空①Manyofthepeasantsmanagedtosurviveontinyplotsofcornandbeans.②AsfarasIknow,theoldwomansurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.③Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．句式升级④Afterwesurvivedthatnight,wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)→Having_survived_that_night,_wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.[名师指津]survive表示“幸免于”时，是及物动词，因而不要加多余的介词in,from等。5．bothervt.打扰；烦扰；麻烦；花费时间、精力(做某事)n．麻烦，不便利(1)bothertodo/doingsth. 费心做某事bothersb.with/aboutsth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人Itbotherssb.that/todosth. 使某人苦恼的是Don'tbother. 不必麻烦了。/不用费心了。(2)havebother(in)doingsth. 做某事费力whybother 没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦[多角练透]单句语法填空①I'msorrytobotheryouwith/aboutsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.②Hewon'te,sowhybotherinviting/to_invite(invite)him?③Wehadquitealotofbothergetting(get)herebecauseofthefog.一句多译你找到这所房子费力吗？④Didyouhave_much_bother_(in)findingthehouse？(bother)⑤Didyouhave_trouble/difficulty_(in)findingthehouse？(trouble/difficulty)⑥Didyoufindthehousewith_trouble/difficulty？(trouble/difficulty)6．exchangevt.&n．交换；交流；兑换(1)exchangesth.withsb. 与某人交换某物exchangeAforB 以A交换B(2)inexchange(for...) 作为交换，互换exchangestudents 交换生(两国交换的留学生)[多角练透]单句语法填空①Iamgoingtotravelabroad,soIgotoexchangesomeRMBfordollarsinthebank.②ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrolagrowingimmigrant(移民)populationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchangeforworkpermits,orinsomecases,citizenship.(2017·浙江高考)补全句子③Westudentsshouldoftenexchange_ideas_with_our_parents,_whoarerichinexperience,andaboveall,loveusmostintheworld.我们学生应该经常和父母交换意见，他们经验丰富，而且最重要的是，在这个世界上他们是最爱我们的人。④Inaddition,Ihavevolunteeredto_help_two_exchange_studentswiththeirMandarinlearningduringthepasttwoyears.(2015·四川高考满分作文)此外，在过去两年我自愿帮助两名交换生学习普通话。[名师指津]exchange和change作动词时，前者强调双方交换，而后者则强调事物的属性或位置的改变。7．putup修建；建造；举起；架起；张贴；投宿；(为……)提供膳宿；提高(价钱)[一词多义]写出下列句中putup的含义①Weputupforthenightatafarmhouse.投宿②IwasallwetbeforeIcouldputmyumbrellaup.举起③Theyplantoputupanewhouseinthecountryside.建造④SheputupanoticeabouttheschooltriptoItaly.张贴[归纳拓展]putaway 储存(钱)；把……收拾起来putforward 向前移动，提出(意见、建议)putdown 记下；写下；镇压put...in/into 把……放进……puton 穿上；戴上；表演putoff 推迟，拖延；让……下车putout 扑灭(火)；放出，摆出；生产；出版putupwith 容忍；忍受；忍耐；受苦介(副)词填空/补全句子⑤mercialadvertisementisoneofthethingswehavetoputupwithwhenwatchingTV.⑥Nowtheelectricfanisnotinuse.Let'sputitaway.⑦A_suggestion_has_been_put_forwardthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.有人已提出建议，我们应该循环利用教科书。8．Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since...It's_been_six_years_sincewelastsaweachother,youknow.你知道，自从我们上次见面到现在已经有六年了。此结构为“Itbe＋时间段＋since...”句型，意为“自从……已有多长时间了”。主句中若be为is/hasbeen,since从句用一般过去时；若be为was，则从句用过去完成时。(1)“It＋be＋一段时间＋before从句(若before从句时态为一般现在时，be为一般将来时；若before从句时态为一般过去时，be为一般过去时)”表示“多久之后才……”。(2)“It＋be＋时间点＋when从句(时间状语从句)”表示“做某事是在某时”。(3)“It＋be＋介词＋时间点/段或地点＋that...”是强调句型。单句语法填空①Hesaiditwastenyearssincehehad_e(e)here.②It'sbeenamonthsinceIcame(e)tothisnewschoolandIreallywanttosharewithyousomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.(2015·四川高考)选词填空(since，before，when，that)③Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.④Itwillbeanotherweekbeforewemeetagain.⑤Itwas11o'clockwhenhecamebacklastnight.⑥Ithasbeen3yearssinceIpublishedmyfirstbook.[名师指津]since引导的从句中的动词如果用非延续性动词，表示“自从……多长时间了”；若since引导的从句中的动词为延续性动词，则表示“自从该动作或状态的完成或结束以来已有多长时间了”。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thousandsofanimalshave_starved(starve)inthelasttwoweeksbecauseoftheheavysnow.2．Someonlinegamesaresoattractive(attract)thatmanyteensfindithardtogetridofthem.3．Wegotstuckintherain,butfortunately(fortunate),somelocalvillagershelpedusout.4．Sincetheorganisation(organise)wasfounded,ithasdonealottohelpthepoor.5．Xi'anisafascinating(fascinate)cityfullofancientbuildingsandIhopetovisititagain.6．Everywinter,alotofpeopletravelsouthtogetawayfromthecoldweatherinthenorth.7．Sofar,ourschoolhas_received(receive)elevenexchangestudentsfromEngland.8．Themanagersayshereallycan'taffordto_wait(wait)anotherday,becauseheisverybusy.9．Oneshouldnotbebotheredabout/withone'spersonalgainsorlosses.10．Doyouknowhowlongitissincewelastsaweachother?Ⅱ.单句改错1．Didn'tyouknowthatitwasthethirdtimeyoumadethesamemistake？made前加had2．—HowisyournewEnglishteacherlike?—Veryhandsomebutstrictwithus.How→What3．Therentinthecitycenterissurelymorethanthatinthesuburbs.more→higher4．Whothoughtofthegoodapproachtodothework？do→doing或去掉do5．Thosewhosurvivedfromtheearthquakegatheredtogetherinmemoryoftheirlostfriends.去掉from6．Soundedsweet,thesongisverypopularwithyoungpeople.Sounded→Sounding7．AsagreatmanyofpeoplewillvisitduringtheOlympics,morehotelswillbebuilt.去掉of8．Uptonow,twomoreshoppingcentershaveputupinourtown.have_后加beenⅢ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1．你们来这儿参加这个对我们都有益的文化交流活动已经两周了。(It＋be＋时间段＋since...;exchange)It_has_been_two_weeks_since_you_came_here_for_the_exchange_activities,_whichhasbenefitedusall.(2016·天津高考书面表达)2．高层建筑已经建起来了，包括教学楼、实验楼和图书馆。(putup)Tallbuildingshave_been_put_up,_includingclassroomsandlaboratorybuildings,andalibrary.3．摆脱拥挤的交通而进入乡村的自然美景，这真的太好了。(getawayfrom)It'sniceto_get_away_from_the_traffic_jamintothenaturalbeautyofthecountryside.4．但是这是我第一次写求职信和个人简历。(thisisthefirsttime)Butthis_is_the_first_time_I_have_writtenmyjobapplicationandthepersonalresume.5．她很有志向，但我怀疑她能否成功地进入高层。(makeit)She'sveryambitiousbutIdoubtwhethershe'llevermake_it_to_the_top.Ⅳ.句型转换1．Whenweapproachedthecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.(用现在分词短语作时间状语改写)→Approaching_the_city_center,_wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.2．Theprogrammeaffordsyoungpeopleachancetogainworkexperience.→Theprogrammeaffords_a_chance_toyoungpeopletogainworkexperience.3．IhavelearnedEnglishformorethansixyears.→It_is_more_than_six_years_sinceIbegantolearnEnglish.[高考拆组训练]阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AWhenmostpeoplethinkofFrance,theythinkoffinewineandcuisine,sceneryandafortablelifestyle,whichistheenvyoftherestoftheworld.Thediverselandscapesincludehugemountainranges,acresofgreencountrysideandlongstretches(一片)ofcoastline.Parisaside,hereareourchoicesforthreeofthemostbeautifulplacestovisitinFrance(innoparticularorder)．LoireValleyAnareaofoutstandingnaturalbeauty,theLoireValleyisalsoknownasthegardenofFrance.Thevalleycoversover280kmandisinthebeautifulmiddlestretchoftheLoireRiverincentralFrance.It'sfilledwithsomuchculturallyandhistoricallyimportantarchitectureandithasearneditselfaworldheritagesite(世界遗产地)status.AsoneofthemostvisitedplacesinFrance,it'sknownforitslargecollectionoffairy­tale­likecastlesandmansions(大厦),exceptionallybeautifullandscapesandoneofthemoststrikingriversinEurope.MontSaint­MichelSecondonlytotheEiffelTowerasFrance'sbestlovedlandmark,MontSt­Michelisarockyislandconnectedbyacauseway(堤道)tonorthwestFrance.It'sasplendidsightsittingamongsandbanksandpowerfultidesbuttheheritagesiteisthemostcelebratedforitsGothic­styleBenedictineabbey(修道院).Directlybelowtheabbeyisavillagewithwindingstreetsdottedwithsmallhousesandsouvenirshops.Coted'AzurMediterraneancoastlineofsoutheastFrancesoaked(浸透的)bythesunwhichisalsoknownastheFrenchRiviera.ThewonderfulplacehasattractedmanyfamousvisitorsoverthedecadesanditsmilesofbeautifulcoastlineandbluewaterseasilymakeitoneofthemostbeautifulplacestovisitinFrance.AlsopayavisittothestylishcoastalcitiesofNice,CannesandSt­Tropezallhere—theystillremainholidayattractionseventoday.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了法国著名景点：卢瓦尔河谷、圣米歇尔山和蓝色海岸地区。1．Whichisthebestchoiceforthosestudyingclassicalarchitecture?A．LoireValley. B．MontSaint­Michel.C．Coted'Azur. D．St­Tropez.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的“It'sfilledwithsomuchculturallyandhistoricallyimportantarchitectureandithasearneditselfaworldheritagesite(世界遗产地)status.”可知卢瓦尔河谷有很多重要建筑，是世界文化遗产的一部分。所以学建筑学的学生可能会对这里感兴趣。2．WhatisthemostunusualfeatureofMontSaint­Michel?A．Beautifulgardens.B．Gothic­styleBenedictineabbey.C．Powerfultides.D．Mediterraneancoastline.解析：选B细节理解题。第三段中的“buttheheritagesiteisthemostcelebratedforitsGothic­styleBenedictineabbey(修道院)”提到MontSaint­Michel最与众不同之处是它哥特式的本笃会修道院。3．Forwhomisthistextwritten?A．Tourguides. B．Governmentofficials.C．Newsreporters. D．Holidaymakers.解析：选D推理判断题。本文主要介绍了法国著名景点：卢瓦尔河谷、圣米歇尔山和蓝色海岸地区，所以可以判断文章的目标读者对象应为度假者。BJackMa:Asia'srichestmanjustbecame$2.8bnricherinonedayJackMa'snetworthincreasedby$2.8bnovernightasAlibabaforecastsalesgrowththattoppedeveryanalyst'sestimateonJune8,2017,despitethefactthatChina'seconomyisslowingdown.MrMa,aged52thisyear,isnowtherichestpersoninAsiaandthe14thwealthiestintheworld,accordingtotheBloombergBillionairesIndex.Hisnetworthhasclimbed$8.5bnthisyearto$41.8bn.ThelatestsurgecameafterChina'slargeste­mercepanyforecast45to49percentrevenue(收入)growthintheyearendingMarch,demonstratinghowinvestmentsinonlineshoppingarepayingoff.SharesinAlibaba,whereMrMaischairman,rose13percenttoarecordhigh.AlibabaandTencent,whichdominateonlineshoppingandsocialmediarespectively,haveventured(冒险)deeperintonewareasfromcloudputingservicestostreamingmusicandvideoasthecountry'seconomyslows.Alibabaiscapturingmoredigitaladvertisingspendingbyincorporating(吸收)socialelementssuchasvideoinitsshoppingsites.Alibabaisholdingmeetingswithinvestorsthisweek.OnFriday,theformerEnglishteachersaidhewasn'tgoingtodiscusscorporateforecasts.Hetookthestageinsteadtodescribehowhispanyhadbeeeffectivelytheworld's22ndlargesteconomy—justafterArgentina—intermsoftransactions(交易)byneverfearingtothinkbig.MrMa,whosaidAlibabarevised10­yearplansannually,foresawthepanybeingthefifth­largesteventuallyby2036byservingburgeoning(迅速发展)Chinesemiddleclasses,takingadvantageofglobaltradeandmakinguseofitsvaluabledata.Ma'smentsabouttheevolutionofdata­driventechnologyechoedthoseofMasayoshiSon,chairmanofJapan'sSoftBank.SoftBank—Alibaba'slargestshareholder—hasinvestedbillionsinpaniessuchasARMwiththeintentionofstakingoutaleadingpositioninthefutureInternetofThings.“TheInternetofThingsisgoingtobebigbecauseinthepast,machines‘drank’electricity，”MrMatoldinvestors.“Inthenext20years,machineswill‘drink’data.Inthefuture,nopany,nocountry,nobusinesscansurvivewithoutdata.”语篇解读：本文介绍了阿里巴巴集团股票股价上涨13%，使董事长马云净身家在一天之内增加28亿美元，成为亚洲首富的故事。4．Thetextisintendedtotellusthat________.A．China'seconomyisnotsatisfyingB．JackMahasbeeAsia'srichestmanC．onlineshoppinggrowsrapidlyworldwideD．Alibabaisthelargestpanyintheworld解析：选B主旨大意题。通览全文可知，本文介绍了阿里巴巴集团股票股价上涨13%，使董事长马云净身家在一天之内增加28亿美元，成为亚洲首富的故事。故选B。5．Theunderlinedword“surge”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”．A．suddenincrease B．rapiddeclineC．deadtime D．uncertainty解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“JackMa'snetworthincreasedby$2.8bnovernight”和第三段中的“China'slargeste­mercepanyforecast45to49percentrevenue(收入)growthintheyearendingMarch”可以推测画线词意为“急剧上升”。6．WhatdoweknowaboutAlibaba?A．ItisChina'slargestsocialmediapany.B．Itmakesprofitsmainlyfromdigitaladvertising.C．Itisprovidingcloudputingservices.D．Itisnewtostreamingmusicandvideo.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“AlibabaandTencent,whichdominateonlineshoppingandsocialmediarespectively,haveventured(冒险)deeperintonewareasfromcloudputingservicestostreamingmusicandvideo...”可知，由于国家经济下滑，阿里巴巴已进军云计算服务领域。7．WhatdoesJackMastressinthelastparagraph?A．Theinvestmentofglobaltrade.B．Theimportanceofdata.C．Thenecessityofsharinginformation.D．ThefutureoftheInternetofThings.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Inthefuture,nopany,nocountry,nobusinesscansurvivewithoutdata.”可知，在将来，任何公司的发展和存在都离不开数据，因此他强调了“data”的重要性。C(2018·华南师大附中模拟)Manyyearsago,whenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildren,aged2and4,wewerepracticallyimpecunious.Myparents­in­lawslivedfromhandtomouth,sowedidn'texpectanyhelpfromthem.Myparentslivedagreatdistanceaway,andIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpick­uptruck,carryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers,butitwasconstantlybreakingdown.Ittookalmostallthemoneywehadtohaveitfixed.Thetruckwasalsotheonlymeansoftransportationforus.Welivedinthecountryside,andwealwaysusedthebackdoorbecausethedrivewayledtoit.Onewinterevening,Isteppedoutsidetotakeabagoftrashtothebarrelandalmosttrippedoversomething.Itwasnearlydark,andIhadtobenddowntoseewhatitwas.Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.Itwasheavy,soIcalledmyhusbandtocarryitintothehouse.Onceinside,wediscoveredtwoloavesofbread,somebutter,severalcansofvegetables,acanoforangesauce,andalargeturkey.TherewassomuchthatIcouldn'trememberitall,butitwaseverythingweneededtofixawonderfuldinner—everythingexceptpotatoes.AlittlewhilelaterIrememberedthatIhadn'ttakenthetrashtothebarrel.Bynowitwasdark,soIhadtoturnontheyardlight—andthat'swhenIspottedasmallbagofpotatoessittingontheporch.ThatdinnerwasthebestIcouldremember.Weweren'tabletothankourdonators,though,becauseweneverfoundoutwhohadbeensogenerousinhelpingastrugglingyoungfamily.Whoeveritwas,weareforevergrateful.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，很多年前，我们生活贫困。一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐让“我”终生难忘。“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“impecunious”inParagraph1?A．Generous. B．Harmonious.C．Penniless. D．Stubborn.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知，“我”的父母住在很远的地方，“我”羞于让他们知道我们的处境；结合第一段第一句可知，我们是有着两个孩子的年轻夫妻，据此可以推知，我们的日子过得相当贫穷，才会羞于让远方的父母知道我们的情况。据此可以判断，画线词意为“贫穷的”，故C项正确。9．Howdidtheauthor'shusbandsupportthefamily?A．Bystartingagarage.B．Bysellingfooddoortodoor.C．Bydeliveringgoods.D．Byworkingasashopassistant.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，“我”的丈夫用一辆旧卡车为当地的店主送货谋生，故C项正确。10．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawthebasket?A．Shewasannoyed. B．Shewasastonished.C．Shewasterrified. D．Shefeltasenseofrelief.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，看到一篮子的食物，“我”几乎不能相信自己的眼睛；据此可以判断，作者很惊讶，故B项正确。11．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．AhelpinghandintimeB．AstrugglingyoungcoupleC．AtaleofpotatoesD．Arewardfromastranger解析：选A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，生活贫困。一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐让“我”终生难忘。“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，体现文章主旨，故A项正确。DPeople,whobelievetheyarehealthy,maylivelonger.Infact,whatyouthinkofyourownhealthisthebestguidetohowlongyouwilllive.Accordingtoresearchers,itprovidesamorereliableestimateoflifespan(寿命)thanwhetheryousmoke,havelotsoffriendsorareonmanymedicines.Researchersanalyzed29yearsofdataonthelivesandhealthofmorethan6,000menandwomenfromNewcastleandManchester.Thevolunteersagedbetween41and96atthestartofthestudywereputthroughregularmentaltests,andwerealsoaskedarangeofquestionsabouttheirday­to­daylives.Thisprovided65factorswhichcouldpotentiallyinfluencehowlongthevolunteerslived.Perception(感知)ofhealthprovedtobethemostimportant,rankingaboveallotherfactorswhenitcametoprotectingtheirlifespan.Inotherwords,howhealthypeoplesaidtheyfeltprovidedthebestindicatorofwhethertheywouldstillbealivealmost30yearslater.ResearcherStephenAichelesaid,“Aperson'sperceptionofhisorherownhealthstatusshouldbetakenseriously.However,people'sviewoftheiroverallhealthislikelytoprovidemoreinformation.”“Anactivemindalsorankedhighly.People,whosebrainsremainedagile(敏捷的)overtheyears,livelongerthanthosewhoseprocessingpowerobviouslysloweddown，”thejournalPsychologicalSciencereports.DrAicheleaddedthatbecausevariousillnessescouldaffectthebrain,alossofmentalsharpnesscouldbeagoodindicatorofdeteriorating(退化的)overallhealth.Hesaid,“Ourstudyshowsthatbothlowerself­ratedhealthandage­relateddecreaseinprocessingspeedappeartobespeciallyimportantindicatorsofdeathriskinmiddle­ageandolderadults.Ifyouknowhowhealthyapersonfeelsatagivenpointintime,andthenyoutrackchangesinhis/hermentalprocessingspeedwithage,youcanbinethosesourcesofinformationtoimprovepredictionabouthowlongthepersonwilllikelylive.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员通过对6000名41到96岁的中老年人长达29年跟踪调查发现，对自己身体健康状况持乐观态度的人可能会更长寿。12．Whatisthemajorfindingofthestudy?A．Healthylifestylesmayincreaselifespan.B．Positiveattitudetowardslifemayincreaselifespan.C．Firmbeliefinone'shealthmayincreaselifespan.D．Constantuseofbrainsmayincreaselifespan.解析：选C细节理解题。研究人员通过对6000