2022-2023学年湖北省孝感市高二下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省孝感市2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABoastingalonghistory,Chinaishometomanyfamouspaintings,whicharenowintheheartsofmorethanabillionpeople.NymphoftheLuoRiver-GuKaizhiThelegendhasitthatCaoZhifellinlovewiththegovernor’sdaughter.However,shemarriedhisbrotherandtheprincebecameupset.Later,hecomposedanemotionalpoemaboutthelovebetweenthegoddessandcommonpeople.Inthe4thcentury,GuKaizhi,aChineseartist,wasmovedbythestoryandillustratedthepoem.CourtLadiesAdorningTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFangDuringtheTangDynasty,thegenreof“beautifulwomenpainting”enjoyedpopularity.Comingfromanoblebackground,ZhouFangcreatedartworksinthisgenre.Inhispainting,theladiesstandasthoughtheyarefashionmodels,butoneofthemisentertainingherselfbyteasingacutedog.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduanZhangZeduandepicted(描绘)thelandscapeinhiswork.However,insteadofconcentratingonthevastnessofnature,hecapturedthedailylifeofthepeopleofBianjing,present-dayKaifeng.HisworkshowsmuchaboutlifeintheNorthernSongDynasty.AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimengNotonlydidofficialsandscholarsenjoylisteningtomusic,buttheyalsofoundpleasureindepictingnature.OnesuchpainterwasWangXimeng.Hewasaprodigy.WangXimengpaintedAThousandLiofRiversandMountainswhenhewasonlyseventeenyearsold.Hediedseveralyearslater,butheleftoneofthelargestandmostbeautifulpaintingsinChinesehistory.1.Wheredoyouthinkthispassageistakenfrom?A.Anovel. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Amagazine. D.Abookreview.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.ZhouFangpaintedfashionmodelsinhispainting.B.NymphoftheLuoRiverisapoemwrittenbyGuKaizhi.C.WangXimengcreatedhismasterpiecewhenhewasattheageofseventy.D.ZhangZeduandescribeddailylifeofthepeopleofBianjinginhisworks.3.Whichisyourbestchoiceifyouwanttoenjoyapaintingwiththebeautyofnature?A.NymphoftheLuoRiver——GuKaizhi.B.AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimeng.C.CourtLadiesAdormingTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFang.D.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduan.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了中国历史上著名的四幅画作。它们分别是顾恺之的《洛神赋图》，周昉的《簪花仕女图》，张择端的《清明上河图》，王希孟的《千里江山图》。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据首段中的“Boastingalonghistory,Chinaishometomanyfamouspaintings,whicharenowintheheartsofmorethanabillionpeople.(中国拥有悠久的历史，是许多名画的故乡，这些名画现在在10多亿人的心中。)”可知，本文介绍了四幅著名画作，很有可能来源于杂志。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival部分“However,insteadofconcentratingonthevastnessofnature,hecapturedthedailylifeofthepeopleofBianjing,present-dayKaifeng.HisworkshowsmuchaboutlifeintheNorthernSongDynasty.(然而，他没有专注于大自然的浩瀚，而是捕捉了汴京(今天的开封)人民的日常生活。他的作品反映了北宋时期的生活。)”可知，张择端的《清明上河图》捕捉的是汴京人们的生活以及北宋时期人们的生活。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据AThousandLiofRiversandMountains部分“Notonlydidofficialsandscholarsenjoylisteningtomusic,buttheyalsofoundpleasureindepicting(描绘)nature.OnesuchpainterwasWangXimeng.(官员和学者不仅喜欢听音乐，而且还喜欢描绘自然。王希孟就是这样一位画家。)”可知。王希孟在描绘自然中寻找快乐，所以她的作品《千里江山图》与大自然有关系，如果欣赏自然之美的画作，最佳选择就是“千里江山图”。故选B项。BStandingontheshoreofalake,Ican’thelpbutmarvelatthetensorhundredsofthousandsofsmallrocksthatsurroundmyboots.Theywereallcreatedfromhardsurfaces,theiredgessofteningovertime.AndIwonder,canwelearnfromapileofrocks?Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.Once,Itoowasasharprockcoveredinpointyedges.Today,afterdecadesofthewatersoflifecoursingoverme,myedgesaresofterandmoreunderstanding.I’mlesslikelytojudgeandmoreinterestedinlearninghowwecanexisttogether.Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralpeopletoleavefornotwearingmasks.Notforcefulandnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign:“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon’tlikeiteither,butlet’salldowhatwecantogetthroughthistogether.”Thegroupofyoungmenwishedtoargueaboutthenote.Isatwatching,understandingbothsides.I’vebeenthoseguysbefore,usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayattheworld.WhatIlost,however,wastheabilitytogrowfromexperiencesbylookingthroughtheeyesofothers.Inlearningtobemoreopen,I’vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.Theformerlookforwaystoadjustandmakeroomforothers;thelatternevergiveaninchtoaccommodateothers.Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesus.Iplacedaroundedstoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdingclassagain.4.Whatdoestheauthorcomparetherocksto?A.Challengeswecomeacross. B.Whatnatureoffersus.C.People’sabilities. D.People’spersonalities.5.Whydidthegroupofguysargueintherestaurant?A.Theyintendedtoskipoutonthebill.B.Theyweredissatisfiedwiththefoodoffered.C.Theywereunwillingtowearmasks.D.Theywerenotallowedtoleavetherestaurant.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accommodate”mean?A.Fightwith. B.Trytochange.C.Providespacefor. D.Leaveagoodimpressionon.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotelluswiththisarticle?A.Weshouldadjusttonewconditions.B.It’snecessarytoconsiderthefeelingsofothers.C.Bebravewheninthefaceofdifficultiesinlife.D.Beingopenandunderstandingbringsyoumorehappiness.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.D【语篇解读】本篇是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者将人的个性或性格比作石子，正如石子因流水冲刷变得更加圆滑，人随着时间成长而不断被磨平棱角，心胸变得更加宽广、开明。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.(就像一块岩石一样，每次环绕太阳旅行，我都发现自己的态度软化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也扩大了)”可知，作者把岩石比作人的性格。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralpeopletoleavefornotwearingmasks.Notforcefulandnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign:“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon’tlikeiteither,butlet’salldowhatwecantogetthroughthistogether.”Thegroupofyoungmenwishedtoargueaboutthenote.(两年前，在太平洋西北地区旅行时，我看到一个餐馆老板要求几个人离开，因为他们没有戴口罩。不强势也不粗鲁。门上写着：“请戴上口罩进入我们的餐厅。我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们尽我们所能一起度过难关。”这群年轻人想为那张纸条争论一番)”可知，年轻人们不愿意做老板要求他们做的事，因此店主拒绝他们入内。故选C。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.(圆的石头比棱角分明的石头更能装进罐子里)”以及“Theformerlookforwaystoadjustandmakeroomforothers;thelatternevergiveaninchto”可知，圆的石头比棱角分明的石头更能装进罐子里，前者想办法调整自己，为他人腾出空间；后者从不让步迁就别人。由此推知，划线词意思是“让步”。故选A。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.(就像一块岩石一样，每次环绕太阳旅行，我都发现自己的态度软化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也扩大了)”；倒数第三段“Inlearningtobemoreopen,I’vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.(在学习更开放的过程中，我也找到了更多的快乐和成功)”以及最后一段“Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesus.Iplacedaroundedstoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdingclassagain.(时间，就像激流冲击着曾经锋利的石头，改变了我们。我把一块圆石头放进夹克口袋里。大自然母亲又在上课了)”可知，作者想告诉我们包容和理解他人可带来快乐。故选D。CAspoonfulofpickles(榨菜)cansometimesmakeamealtastewaybetter.Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickledvegetables”.Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.Manypeoplethinkthatthevideoscanmaketheirfoodmoreappetizing.Thetopicreceivedmorethan16millionclicksonSinaWeiboandabout100,000peopleparticipatedinthediscussion.Insteadofhavingmealswithfriendsandfamilymembers,manyyoungpeopleinChinaarekeptcompanybyTVshowsorshortvideos.Manybelievethattheirfoodistastierwiththe“digitalpickles”.Canthishabitaffectyourdiet?Accordingtoaresearchpaperpublishedin2019,youmayeatmoreunconsciously.Theinternationalresearchteamasked62volunteerstofollowdifferenteatingpatternsonfourdifferentdays.Thepatternsincludedeatingwhilelookingatthemobilephone,readingmagazinesandwithoutdistraction.Afteranalyzingtheirdiets,theteamdiscoveredthateatingwithadistractionincreasedcaloricingestion(卡路里摄入)byabout15percent.Toexplorethereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclipaboutanotherpersoneatingandtheotherlistenedtoaclipthathelpedthemimaginethemselveseating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.Whenweeatwiththe“digitalpickles”,ourattentioncanbedistracted,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpected.Thisworksnotonlyforeatingmealsbutotherdemandingtasksaswell.AresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichrequirelotsofattentiontrickmanyparticipantsintoovereating.Theteaminvited120participantstodovarioustaskswhileprovidingthemwithdrinksandsnacks.“Ourstudysuggeststhatifyou’reeatingordrinkingwhileyourattentionisdistractedbyahighlyengagingtask,you’relesslikelytobeabletotellhowfullyoufeel,”oneoftheauthorsMartinYeomansexplained.8.Whatdo“digitalpickles”referto?A.Anewtypeofvegetables. B.Electronicproductspopularonline.C.Videospeoplewatchwhileeating. D.Digitalgamessuitableforfamilies.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheinternationalresearch?A.Theresearchwasconductedin2019.B.62peopleintotalparticipatedintheentireresearch.C.Itshowedthateatingwithadistractiondecreasedcaloricingestionby15percent.D.Thegrouplisteningtoaclipaboutanotherpersoneatingatemorethantheothergroup.10.Whydopeopleeatmorewith“digitalpickles”accordingtothetext?A.Theyaremorefocusedontheirmeals.B.Theyaredistractedby“digitalpickles”.C.Thefoodtastesbetterwith“digitalpickles”.D.The“digitalpickles”makethemfeelhungrier.11.Whydoestheauthormentionadifferentstudyinthelastparagraph?A.Togiveanothercasethatcausesovereating.B.Todescribetheeffectsof“digitalpickles”.C.Toexplainhowtojudgeyouarefull.D.Topresenthowtoavoidbeingdistracted.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【语篇解读】本篇是一篇说明文。介绍了电子榨菜及相关研究，电子榨菜指的是人们在吃饭时观看的视频，研究发现吃饭时分心，人们会吃的更多。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickledvegetables”.Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.(最近，一种新型泡菜正在被讨论:“数字泡菜”。它指的是人们在吃饭时看的视频。)”可知，“电子榨菜”指的是人们在吃饭时观看的视频。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Toexplorethereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclipaboutanotherpersoneatingandtheotherlistenedtoaclipthathelpedthemimaginethemselveseating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.(为了探究原因，研究小组还邀请了两组人:一组人一边吃东西一边听另一个人吃东西的音频片段，另一组人则听一段帮助他们想象自己在吃东西的音频片段。结果显示，第二组人吃得更少，因为他们更专注于吃饭。)”可知，这项国际研究发现，听别人吃东西的音频剪辑会比另外一组的人吃得多。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Wheneatingwiththe‘digitalpickles’,ourattentioncanbedistracted,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpected.(当我们吃“数字泡菜”时，我们的注意力可能会分散，从而导致吃得比预期的多。)”可知，当就着“电子榨菜”吃饭时，我们的注意力会被分散，从而导致吃得比预期的多。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读文章最后一段中的“Thisworksnotonlyforeatingmealsbutotherdemandingtasksaswell.AresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichrequirelotsofattentiontrickmanyparticipantsintoovereating.(这不仅适用于吃饭，也适用于其他要求很高的任务。英国苏塞克斯大学领导的一项研究项目指出，需要大量注意力的活动会诱使许多参与者暴饮暴食。)”可知，作者借用另一个研究，列举一个导致暴饮暴食的例子，说明其他需要大量注意力的活动也会诱使你吃得更多。故选A项。DUsershaverecentlybeendrawntoTikTok’sAIimagegenerator(生成器)asitcreatesdrawingsbasedonpictures.HowdoesAIcreatedrawings?OneofthemostbasicmodelsthatallowAItogeneratedrawingsistheGANs(对抗生成网络).Theyaredeeplearningsystemsthatcanlearnfromtrainingdataandgeneratenewdatawiththesamecharacteristics.GANsconsistoftwomainparties-thegeneratorandthediscriminator(判别器).Intermsofdrawings,thegeneratortriestomimic(模仿)thestyleofasetofimages,producingnewdata.Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.Inthisway,AIcangeneratenewdrawings.Somegeneratorscanalsoproduceimagesbasedonasimpledescription-sometimesjustafewwords.LaunchedinApril,DALL.E2wentviralforitstext-to-imagefunction.TheAIsystemgoesthroughtwotrainingprocesses:learningtounderstandthetextandmatchingtheelementsfromdifferentimagestothetext.Aftergettingtoknowwhatthetextisabout,itmatchesalargenumberofrelevantimagepiecestothetext.Tomakethematchmoreprecise,DALL.E2wastrainedon400millionimageswithtext,collecteddirectlyfromtheinternet.Then,TheCLIPmodelallowsAItoencode(编码)theelementsofbothimagesandtext.Thenextstepiscalleddiffusion(扩散)wichdecodes(解码)thedataintoanimage.Intheend,theAIsystemcangenerateimagesbasedontext,asifcreatingartitself.12.HowdoGANshelpAIgeneratedrawings?A.Bylearningfromasetofpictures. B.Bycombiningvariousphotographs.C.Bydirectlycopyingaparticularpicture. D.Byselectinganimagefromadatabase.13.Whatisthediscriminatorusedtodo?A.Decidewhichimagetomimic. B.Addmoredetailstonewimages.C.Checkthequalityofnewimages. D.Collectimagesfromtheinternet.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutDALL.E2?A.Itcantranslateimagesintotext. B.ItwasdevelopedfiveyearsafterGANs.C.Itwastrainedon400millionimageswithtext. D.Itcreatesimagesbasedonimageswithtext.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.TointroducethefeaturesofAIdrawings. B.TodiscusswhetherAIcancreatetrueart.C.TocommentonsomeAIimagegenerators. D.ToexplainthetechnologybehindAIdrawing.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【语篇解读】本篇是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI合成新图片技术。AI生成图片的基本模型是GANs，这是一种深度学习的系统，其通过模仿和鉴别数据，从而形成新的图片。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Intermsofdrawings,thegeneratortriestomimic(模仿)thestyleofasetofimages,producingnewdata.Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.Inthisway,AIcangeneratenewdrawings.(在绘图方面，生成器试图模仿一组图像的风格，产生新的数据。然后判别器做出决定，看看新数据是否符合条件。通过这种方式，人工智能可以生成新的图纸)”可知，对抗生成网络通过学习图片数据以生成新的图画。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.(然后判别器做出决定，看看新数据是否符合条件)”可知，判别器用来检查新数据的质量。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Tomakethematchmoreprecise,DALL.E2wastrainedon400millionimageswithtext,collecteddirectlyfromtheinternet.(为了使匹配更精确，DALL.E2是在直接从互联网上收集的4亿张带有文字的图片上进行训练的)”可知，DALL.E2是在4亿张有文字的图片上训练的。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“UsershaverecentlybeendrawntoTikTok’sAIimagegenerator(生成器)asitcreatesdrawingsbasedonpictures.HowdoesAIcreatedrawings?(用户最近被TikTok的人工智能图像生成器所吸引，因为它可以根据图片创建绘图。人工智能是如何创建图画的？)”及下文可知，文章介绍了AI合成新图片技术。AI生成图片的基本模型是GANs，这是一种深度学习的系统，其通过模仿和鉴别数据，从而形成新的图片。由此推知，文章的目的是解释AI绘画的技术原理。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分;满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallenjoyplanningoutourlives.Wehadgreatexpectationsanddreamstotouchthesky.____16____Thegameoflifetwistsandturns,changingdirectiontoformnewpathsthataren’tanticipated.So,whathappenswhenthelifeyouhaveisn’tthelifeyouplanned?Youcangoexploring.Yougoexploringwithoutexpectationbecauseyourplanscouldbetheverythingthatkeepsyoufromthelifethat’swaitingforyou.____17____Rather,youshouldgetcuriousabouthowtochangeyourcircumstancesforthebetter.____18____Butifyoucontinuetofocusoneverythingthatwentwronginthepast,youwouldn’tbeabletoseethegoodthatispresent.Eachdayisablankcanvaspresentedasanopportunityforyoutocreateandtodiscovernewthings.Becareful,however,nottogiveintoother’sopinionsofwhatyourlifeshouldlooklike.Thesedayseveryonecanbeanexpertonwhatyoushoulddowithyourlife.____19____So,don’tbeafraidtomakemistakesbutlearnfromthemquickly.____20____Youhadbetterbefreeoftheseemotionstomoveoninalight-heartedway.A.However,lifeisn’tabedofroses.B.Don’tregretforthepastmistakes.C.Unfortunately,realitydoesn’talwaysquitematchup.D.Letgoofblame,self-pity,excuses,bitternessandresentment.E.Therewillstillbetimeswhenyoustrugglewithlettinggoofthepast.F.Butwhenthingsdon’tworkout,they’reunwillingtotakeresponsibility.G.Thisshouldn’tmeanyougiveintofrustrationfornotlivinguptoyourpotential.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.F20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。生活总是充满波折，当计划赶不上变化时，不必沉浸于气馁中，开启探索模式，迎接生活准备的挑战，改变现有困境。【16题详析】根据上文“Weallenjoyplanningoutourlives.Wehadgreatexpectationsanddreamstotouchthesky.(我们都喜欢规划自己的生活。我们有很大的期望和梦想，触摸天空)”以及后文“Thegameoflifetwistsandturns,changingdirectiontoformnewpathsthataren’tanticipated.(生活的游戏是曲折的，改变方向，形成意想不到的新道路)”可知，前面一句说我们有计划，有期待，后一句说生活充满曲折，会向料想不到的方向发展，可知该空含义应该有转折：现实和期待有时候是不相符的。故C选项“不幸的是，现实并不总是与现实相符”符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】根据上文“So,whathappenswhenthelifeyouhaveisn’tthelifeyouplanned?Youcangoexploring.Yougoexploringwithoutexpectationbecauseyourplanscouldbetheverythingthatkeepsyoufromthelifethat’swaitingforyou.(那么，当你拥有的生活不是你计划的生活时，会发生什么呢？你可以去探险。你不带期望地去探索，因为你的计划可能会让你远离正在等待你的生活)”以及后文“Rather,youshouldgetcuriousabouthowtochangeyourcircumstancesforthebetter.(相反，你应该好奇如何让你的环境变得更好)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，指出应该好奇如何让你的环境变得更好，说明本句是在说明没有期待地探索并不意味着要沉溺在挫败感中，而是要想办法如何改变现状更好。故G选项“这并不意味着你因为没有发挥出自己的潜力而感到沮丧”符合语境，故选G。【18题详析】根据后文“Butifyoucontinuetofocusoneverythingthatwentwronginthepast,youwouldn’tbeabletoseethegoodthatispresent.(但如果你继续关注过去的错误，你就无法看到现在的美好)”可知，本句与后文构成转折关系，后文说明不应该继续关注过去，可知本句是在说明放不下过去，故E选项“有时候，你还是会挣扎着要放下过去”符合语境，故选E。【19题详析】根据上文“Becareful,however,nottogiveintoother’sopinionsofwhatyourlifeshouldlooklike.Thesedayseveryonecanbeanexpertonwhatyoushoulddowithyourlife.(然而，要小心，不要屈服于别人对你的生活应该是什么样的看法。如今，每个人都可以成为生活中应该做什么的专家)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明喜欢当专家这类人的特点，且F选项中的they和前一句everyone呼应。故F选项“但是当事情不顺利时，他们不愿意承担责任”符合语境，故选F。【20题详析】根据后文“Youhadbetterbefreeoftheseemotionstomoveoninalight-heartedway.(你最好摆脱这些情绪，以轻松愉快的方式继续生活)”可知，后文提到摆脱这些情绪，推测本句讲要释怀各种负面情绪。故D选项“放下责备、自怜、借口、痛苦和怨恨”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)OvertheyearsI’vespentlivinginBeijing,Ican____21____thenumberoftrulyoutdoorexperiencesI’vehadononehand.ButaroadtriptoNanshanSkiingVillageinFebruary2021providedmewithsome____22____memories.AsmyfriendsandIsattogetherintheskiliftchair,IfinallyfeltforthefirsttimethatIhad____23____leftthebusycitylifeofBeijing.Upintheairafewdozenmetersofftheground,I____24____thewideviewofthecountrysideandappreciatedthepeacefulquiet.Astheskiliftreachedits____25____,I____26____slidofffromthechairandalmostdidaface-plantintothesnow.“Somuchforthepeaceandquiet”,I____27____tomyself.____28____,Igatheredmyselftogetherandmademywayas____29____asIcouldtooneoftheseveralstartingpoints.Mybuddieshadalreadystartedmakingtheirwaydownthehill,andIwasabouttojointhembutsuddenlyfear_____30_____measInoticedhoweasyitwasto_____31_____speed.I_____32_____toswerve(突然转向)tothesidetoslowdown,butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow.Notwantingtobecome_____33_____,Iawkwardlyreattachedtheski.AlthoughIstillfeltnervous,byacceptingtheriskIwasabletoskimoreconfidentlyandatlastmanagedtomakeitdownthewholeskislope(斜坡).Bytheday’send,Ihadrelearnedwhatit_____34_____totakerisksandgetoutofmycomfortzone.Byacceptingwhatseems_____35_____,youcanfindbothconfidenceandpeacewithin.21.A.cast B.claim C.account D.count22.A.unbelievable B.unforgettable C.incredible D.horrible23.A.truly B.initially C.eventually D.simply24.A.tookin B.tookup C.broughtin D.broughtup25.A.circumstance B.departure C.destination D.peak26.A.awkwardly B.flexibly C.slowly D.eagerly27.A.blamed B.thought C.regretted D.sighed28.A.Nevertheless B.Therefore C.Although D.Furthermore29.A.stably B.gracefully C.gently D.tightly30.A.gained B.gathered C.swelled D.overwhelmed31.A.pickout B.pickup C.takeoff D.takeup32.A.attempted B.proceeded C.adapted D.managed33.A.panicked B.ashamed C.discouraged D.distracted34.A.brought B.meant C.made D.took35.A.impossible B.terrific C.upset D.scary【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.A25.C26.A27.B28.A29.B30.D31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者的一次户外滑雪经历，这次经历让作者意识到人要敢于冒险，并勇于走出舒适区，重拾内心的自信与平静。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在北京生活的这些年里，我一只手可以数出我有多少真正的户外体验。A.cast向……投以(视线、笑容等)；B.claim主张；C.account认为是；D.count计数。由下文的“thenumberoftrulyoutdoorexperiencesI’vehadononehand”可知，作者真正的户外经历屈指可数，countthenumber(计数)。故选D项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但2021年2月，我在南山滑雪村的一次公路旅行给我留下了一些难忘的回忆。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.unforgettable难忘的；C.incredible难以置信的；D.horrible令人恐惧的。由下文语境可知，作者敢于冒险的滑雪经历让自己对人生有了新的感悟，可知在南山滑雪村的这次旅行给作者留下了难忘的回忆。故选B项。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我和朋友们一起坐在滑雪缆车上时，我终于第一次感觉到自己真正离开了北京繁忙的城市生活。A.truly真正地；B.initially开始；C.eventually最终；D.simply仅仅。由下文的“Upintheairafewdozenmetersofftheground,I________thewideviewofthecountrysideandappreciatedthepeacefulquiet.(在离地面几十米的高空，我________广阔的乡村景色，欣赏着宁静)”可知，作者在欣赏乡村美丽风景，可得出作者第一次真正地遗忘了北京繁忙的城市生活。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离地面几十米的高空，我欣赏着广阔的乡村景色，欣赏着宁静。A.tookin欣赏；B.tookup占据；C.broughtin引进；D.broughtup抚养。与下文的“appreciated”并列，此空讲作者欣赏到了广阔的乡村景色，领会到了和平与宁静。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当滑雪缆车到达目的地时，我笨拙地从椅子上滑下来，差点在雪地里做了一个面部护理。A.circumstance条件；B.departure离开；C.destination目的地；D.peak高峰。由本处语境可知，此处为滑雪缆车到达目的地。故选C项。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当滑雪缆车到达目的地时，我笨拙地从椅子上滑下来，差点在雪地里做了一个面部护理。A.awkwardly笨拙地；B.flexibly灵活地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.eagerly急切地。由下文的“almostdidaface-plantintothesnow”可知，作者应该是笨拙地从椅子上滑下来。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为了和平与宁静”，我心里想。A.blamed责备；B.thought认为；C.regretted后悔；D.sighed叹气。由上文的“Somuchforthepeaceandquiet”可知，这是作者的内心想法，Ithoughttomyself意为我心里想。故选B项。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是振作起来，尽可能优雅地走到了几个起点中的一个。A.Nevertheless尽管如此；B.Therefore因此；C.Although尽管；D.Furthermore此外。由上文的“slidofffromthechairandalmostdidaface-plantintothesnow”可知，作者从椅子上滑下来，差点一头栽进了雪里，与下文的“Igatheredmyselftogetherandmademyway”形成转折，用Nevertheless。故选A项。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是振作起来，尽可能优雅地走到了几个起点中的一个。A.stably稳定地；B.gracefully优雅地；C.gently轻轻地；D.tightly紧紧地。由上文语境讲作者笨拙的动作可知，此时作者尽量使自己的动作变得优雅，故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的伙伴们已经开始下山了，我正要加入他们的行列，但当我注意到加快速度是多么容易时，恐惧突然压倒了我。A.gained得到；B.gathered聚集；C.swelled膨胀；D.overwhelmed(感情或感觉)充溢。由下文的“I________toswerve(突然转向)tothesidetoslowdown,butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow.(我________转向一边减速，但最终还是摔倒在了雪地里)”可知，作者无法减速（只能加速）最终摔倒，可得出此时是面对危险的恐惧压倒了作者。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的伙伴们已经开始下山了，我正要加入他们的行列，但当我注意到加快速度是多么容易时，恐惧突然压倒了我。A.pickout辨认出；B.pickup加速；C.takeoff起飞；D.takeup占据。由上文的“startedmakingtheirwaydownthehill”可知，作者发现下山加速是如此容易，pickupspeed(加速)。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图转向一边减速，但最终还是摔倒在了雪地里。A.attempted尝试；B.proceeded继续；C.adapted适应；D.managed设法做。由下文的“butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow”可知，作者减速失败了。故选A项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不想气馁，笨拙地重新接上了滑雪板。A.panicked惊恐的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.discouraged泄气的；D.distracted心烦意乱的。由下文的“Iawkwardlyreattachedtheski”可知，作者笨拙地重新接上滑雪板，说明作者并没有气馁。故选C项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天结束时，我重新认识了承担风险并走出舒适区意味着什么。A.brought带来；B.meant意味着；C.made制作；D.took拿走。由下文的“Byacceptingwhatseems________,youcanfindbothconfidenceandpeacewithin.(通过接受看似________，你可以在内心找到自信和平静)”可知，作者领悟到了冒险和走出舒适区的意义，因此选meant。whatitmeantto…(这意味着什么)。故选B项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过接受看似可怕的事情，你可以在内心找到自信和平静。A.impossible不可能的；B.terrific糟糕的；C.upset不安的；D.scary吓人的。由上文语境可知，作者最初对滑雪是感到恐惧的，到后来克服恐惧，接受看似可怕的事情。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。StudyingabroadinAmman,Jordan,wasalifechangingexperienceforme.Everydaywas____36____adventurebecauselifetherewas____37____(dramatic)differentfromthatathome.AsyouknowJordanisintheMiddleEast.Thereweresomechallengesandculturalnorms____38____Ihadtoadaptto,andIneededtolearnhowtobehaveinnew____39____(surround)andcooperatewithpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgrounds.Fortunately,everyoneImettherewasunderstandingandwelcoming.I____40____(apply)throughInternationalStudiesAbroad(ISA),andtheywereincrediblyhelpfulandmadetheprocessmuch____41____(simple).____42____(study)abroadletmeseethingsfromnewanglesandlearnmoreaboutculturesaroundme.Ihopeeveryonegetstheopportunity____43____(pursue)furtherstudiesabroadandtogainunderstanding____44____differentcultures.Ibelievestudyingabroadcanhelpyou_____45_____(strong)yourabilitiesincross-culturalcommunicationandimproveyourgeneralcompetence.【答案】36.an37.dramatically38.that39.surroundings40.applied41.simpler42.Studying43.topursue44.of45.strengthen【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在约旦安曼留学的经历以及感悟，认为留学能理解不同国家的文化，并加强跨文化交流的能力。【36题详析】考查冠词。句意：每一天都是一次冒险，因为那里的生活和家里的生活大不相同。分析句子可知，adventure为可数名词单数，前面需有限定词，结合句意，此处首次出现，表示泛指，所以应为不定冠词，adventure的第一个音节为元音，所以此处应为不定冠词an。故填an。【37题详析】考查副词。句意：每一天都是一次冒险，因为那里的生活和家里的生活大不相同。分析句子可知，此处为副词作状语修饰形容词different，dramatic的副词为dramatically。故填dramatically。【38题详析】考查定语从句。句意：我必须适应一些挑战和文化规范，我需要学习如何在新的环境中表现，如何与来自不同文化背景的人合作。分析句子可知，此处为连词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，所以应使用关系代词，先行词norms指物，由于前面有some修饰先行词，所以只能填that。故填that。【39题详析】考查名词。句意：我必须适应一些挑战和文化规范，我需要学习如何在新的环境中表现，如何与来自不同文化背景的人合作。分析句子可知，此处为名词作宾语，surround的名词为surroundings。故填surroundings。【40题详析】考查谓语动词。句意：我是通过海外国际研究中心(ISA)申请的，他们帮了我很大的忙，让申请过程简单了很多。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据并列句的谓语动词were可知，此处应为一般过去时态，且与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填applied。【41题详析】考查形容词。句意：我是通过海外国际研究中心(ISA)申请的，他们帮了我很大的忙，让申请过程简单了很多。分析句子可知，此处应为形容词作宾语补足语，根据空前much修饰形容词副词比较级可知，此处应使用形容词比较级。故填simpler。【42题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：出国留学让我从新的角度看待事物，更多地了解周围的文化。分析句子可知，此处应为非谓语动词作主语，所以此处应使用动名词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示主动意义，所以使用studying，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Studying。【43题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我希望每个人都有机会出国深造，了解不同的文化。分析句子可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰opportunity，根据固定用法opportunitytodosth.意为“做某事的机会”可知，此处应使用不定式形式，且表示主动意义。故填topursue。【44题详析】考查介词。句意：我相信出国留学可以帮助你加强跨文化交际的能力，提高你的综合能力。结合句意可知，此处应为gainunderstandingofsth意为“获得对……的理解”符合句意。故填of。【45题详析】考查词性转换。句意：我相信出国留学可以帮助你加强跨文化交际的能力，提高你的综合能力。分析句子可知，此处为helpsb.dosth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，所以此处应为动词原形，strong的动词为strengthen，且表示主动意义，strengthenabilities意为“增强能力”。故填strengthen。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假设你是红星中学李华，本周三你和同学参加了“红十字急救培训进校园”活动，请给学校英文报写一份稿件，介绍此活动。内容包括：1.活动时间，地点。2.活动内容。(