2023-2024学年浙江省9+1高中联盟高二下学期开学考考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省9+1高中联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读选择（共20题，50分）AWritingContest:TellAStoryIt’sNationalTellaStoryMonth,andwe’reexcitedtohearyours!Forthiscontest,submityourbestfictionalstories.Yourstorieswillbejudgedbasedonimagery,noveltyandoriginality.Thereisnospecificgenre(体裁)foryourstory.Sogoaheadandgettowriting.Wecan’twaittoreadwhatyouhaveinstoreforus.Deadline:October1,2023Rules:*Youmustbeateen(aged13-19)withaTeenInkaccounttoenter.*Noinappropriatecontent.*Submissionsmustrelatetothetopic(Astory).GuidelinesandDetails:*Yourentrymustbebetweenabout5-15minutes(pages)long.*Thereisnolimittothenumberofplaysyoucansubmit.HowtoSubmit:*Submitentriesthroughourwebsite.AllentriessubmittedtoTeenInkareautomaticallyconsideredforthecontest.Seeoursubmissionguidelinesformoreinformation.*SubmityourworktotheFictioncategoryofTeenInk.Youcanfindthisselectionafterselectingtheinitial“Article/Poetry”submissiontype.*Important!!Wegetalotoffictionsubmissionseverymonth.Ifyouwanttosubmityourworkforthiscontestinparticular,includethewords“TellAStory”inyoursubmission’stags(标签).Youcandothisbyusingthe“additionaltags”fieldinyoursubmissionform.Prizes:*Winner(andhonorablementions,ifspaceallows)willhavetheirscriptspublishedinTeenInkmagazine.*Theoverallwinnerwillreceivea$25Amazongiftcard.1.Whatisacriterionusedtoevaluatetheentries?A.Itshouldbeatruestory. B.Itscontentshouldbecreative.C.Itsthemeshouldbeaboutteens. D.Itshouldfollowaparticulargenre.2.Whichofthefollowingwillleadtofailedparticipation?A.Beinga10-year-oldgirl. B.Writinganentryof10pages.C.SubmittingbeforeOctober1,2023. D.ChoosingtouseaTeenInkaccount.3.What’sthepurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toinformteenagersofacontest. B.ToencouragetheuseofTeenInk.C.Tostressthesignificanceofwriting. D.Toselecthonorableteenagewriters.【答案】1.B2.A3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了TeenInk杂志的“讲故事比赛”的相关内容，包括评选标准、参赛规则、作品提交方式、以及获奖奖励等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“

Yourstorieswillbejudgedbasedonimagery,noveltyandoriginality.(你的故事将根据意象、新颖性和原创性来评判)”可知，提交的故事作品将会根据意象、新颖性和原创性来评判即根据故事内容的创造力来评判。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Rules部分中“Youmustbeateen(aged13-19)withaTeenInkaccounttoenter.(您必须是拥有teenInk帐户的青少年(13-19岁)才能进入)”可知，年龄在13-19岁之间的青少年才能参加比赛。A选项“Beinga10-year-oldgirl.”不符合参赛的标准。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了TeenInk杂志的“讲故事比赛”的相关内容，包括评选标准、参赛规则、作品提交方式、以及获奖奖励等信息。故文章的目的是通知青少年有关比赛的消息。故选A。BAasrithaDuriseti,aneighth-gradestudentatCarsonMiddleSchoolwantedtohelphergrandmotherwhostruggledtoopenbottlecaps.Shefoundasolutioninherengineeringclass,wherestudentsweretaskedwithadaptingexistingproductstomakedailylifeeasierforpeoplewithphysicaldisabilities.Aasritha’screativitykickedinassheresearchedexistingbottle-openingdevices.“Theshapeandsizeofacellphonearefamiliar,”shesaid.Tocreateabetterbottleopener,Aasrithausedapieceofwood.Itwasshapedlikeacellphone.Next,sheputthreeholesinthewood.Theholeswereindifferentsizessothattheycouldmatchcommonbottlecapsizes.Eachholealsohadalayerofdriedhotglue,providingastrongholdforthebottlecaps.Withasimpletwistingmotion,hergrandmothercouldopenbottleswithoutassistance.Whileaddressingchallengesthosewithlearningdisabilities,movementchallengesandotherissuesface,studentslikeAasrithausedmorethantheirmath,physics,andtoolskills.Theyalsolearnedaboutempathy(共情).“Empathyislookingatproblemsfromanotherperson’spointofview,”Aasritha’steacher,MarkBolt,said.“It’sanimportantpartofengineering.Engineersneedtoputthemselvesintheirproductusers’shoestobuildeffectivesolutions.”Itwasempathy,whilewatchingfriendsandfamilydealwithdailytasks,thatpushedotherstudents’projects.StudentMichaelnoticedhowreadingdisordermadeitdifficultforhisfriendstofollowalongonpagesfulloftext.Theirbrainstendtoconfusetheorderofnumbers,letters,andotherimages.SoMichaelcreatedasmalladjustablewindow-blind-styledevice.“Myfriendcouldseparatesmallsectionsoftextwhilereading,”hesaid.Intheprocess,studentstrieddifferentversionsoftheirproductstomakethebestonetoshowtheclass.Ratherthanhavingstep-by-stepdirectionsfortheprojects,Boltpreferredtoleavestudents’creativepathsopen.“Ifwewanttodobetter,wehavetohaveachancetofail,”hesaid.4.WhatmightbeasolutiontoAasritha’sengineeringclasstask?A.Toinventnewproducts. B.Tobetterwheelchairs.C.Toraisemoneyforthedisabled. D.Toteachlower-gradestudentsengineering.5.Whyarethethreeholes’sizesdifferentinAasritha’sbottleopener?A.Toensureawideruse. B.Tomakethemostofspace.C.Tobeautifythebottleopener. D.Tomaketheopenereasiertohold.6.AccordingtoMarkBolt,whiledesigningproductsengineersshould_________.A.askfortheusers’advice B.bethoughtfuloftheirusersC.improvetheirworkeffectiveness D.focusmoreonthepeoplearoundthem7.WhatdoesMarkBoltthinkisimportantinthestudents’creation?A.Aimingtobethebestcreator.B.Havingroomforfreeexploration.C.Followingastrictsetofrulesandsteps.D.Servingdifferentfunctionsindifferentsituations.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卡森中学的一名八年级学生AasrithaDuriseti发明开瓶器的故事。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Shefoundasolutioninherengineeringclass,wherestudentsweretaskedwithadaptingexistingproductstomakedailylifeeasierforpeoplewithphysicaldisabilities.(她在自己的工程课上找到了解决办法，学生们的任务是改造现有的产品，让身体残疾的人的日常生活更方便)”可推知，改进轮椅可能是Aasritha工程课上的任务。故选B项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Next,sheputthreeholesinthewood.Theholeswereindifferentsizessothattheycouldmatchcommonbottlecapsizes.(接着，她在木头上钻了三个孔。这些孔的大小不同，以便与普通的瓶盖尺寸相匹配)”可知，Aasritha开瓶器的三个孔大小不同为了确保更广泛的使用。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中MarkBolt所说“Engineersneedtoputthemselvesintheirproductusers’shoestobuildeffectivesolutions.(工程师需要站在产品用户的角度来构建有效的解决方案)”可知，在设计产品时工程师应该为用户着想。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ratherthanhavingstep-by-stepdirectionsfortheprojects,Boltpreferredtoleavestudents’creativepathsopen.(Bolt并没有为这些项目提供循序渐进的指导，而是更愿意让学生们自由发挥自己的创造力)”可推知，MarkBolt认为在学生的创作中有自由探索的空间是重要的。故选B项。CItisgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocio-economicbackgroundstendtodolesswellintheeducationsystem.Inanattempttohelpthechildrenofpoorfamilies,anationwideprogramcalled“Headstart”wasstartedintheUSin1965.Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopre-schoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeandwassupposedtohelpthemsucceedinschool.Buttheresultshavebeendisappointing,becausetheprogrambegantoolate.Manychildrenwhoentereditatthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguageandintelligenceandtheparentswerenotinvolvedintheprocess.Attheendofeachday,“Headstart”childrenreturnedtothesamedisadvantagedhomeenvironment.Toimprovetheresults,anotherprogramwasstartedinMissourithatconcentratedonparentsasthechild’sfirstteachers.Thisprogramwasbasedonresearchshowingthatworkingwiththefamilyisthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetthebestpossiblestartinlife.Thefour-yearstudyincluded380familieswhowereabouttohavetheirfirstchildandrepresenteddifferentsocial-economicstatus,ageandfamilystructure.Theprograminvolvedtrainededucatorsvisitingandworkingwiththeparentorparentsandthechild.Theprogramalsogavetheparentssomeguidance,andusefulskillsonchilddevelopment.Atthree,thechildreninvolvedinthe“Missouri”programwereevaluatedwiththechildrenselectedfromthesamesocio-economicbackgroundandfamilysituations.Theresultswereobvious.Thechildrenintheprogramweremoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopment,problemsolvingandotherintellectualskillsthantheirpeers.Theyperformedequallywellregardlessofsocio-economicbackgroundsorfamilystructure.Theonefactorthatwasfoundtoaffectthechild’sdevelopmentwasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.The“Missouri”programcomparesquitedistinctlywiththe“Headstart”program.Withoutasimilarfocusonparenteducationandonthevitalimportanceofthefirstthreeyears,someevidenceindicatesthatitwillnotbeenoughtoovercomeeducationalunfairness.8.Whatcausedthefailureofthe“Headstart”program?A.Thelargenumberofpoorfamilies.B.Thedisapprovalfromchildren.C.Thelatestartoftheprogram.D.Thelongperiodoftime.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“Missouri”program?A.Itfocusedonthechildren’sfirstschoolteachers.B.Ithelpedthechildrenreturntothesamehome.C.Itmadethechildrenimprovedinmanyaspects.D.Itgavetheparentsadviceontheirdevelopment.10.Accordingtothepassage,whatislikelytoinfluencechildren’sperformance?A.Thenumberoffamilymembers. B.Theparent-childcommunication.C.Theintelligenceoftheirparents. D.Theteacher-studentrelationship.11.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bydrawingconclusions.【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.B【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，为了研究促进贫穷家庭孩子智力发展，分别进行了Headstart和Missouri项目进行研究，结果一个失败了，一个成功了，发现了父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的智力发育。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段Buttheresultshavebeendisappointing,becausetheprogrambegantoolate.可知，结果不佳，因为项目开始的太晚了，故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段Theresultswereobvious.Thechildrenintheprogramweremoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopment,problemsolvingandotherintellectualskillsthantheirpeers.可知，参加了“Missouri“项目的孩子，在语言发展、问题解决和其他智力技能方面都比同龄人要高级，故可知，这个项目在多个方面让孩子提升很多，故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Theonefactorthatwasfoundtoaffectthechild,sdevelopmentwasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.可知，影响孩子发展的一个因素就是父母与孩子之间交流的质量很差，而这种交流在家庭经济情况较差的家庭不一定就不如人，故可知，父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的发展，故选B。【11题详析】写作策略题。根据文章可知，本文分别举了Headstart和Missouri项目对孩子的发展进行研究，结果一个失败了，一个成功了，发现了父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的智力发育，故可知，作者写这篇文章是通过对这两个项目进行对比的，故选B。DThedeclineinmoralstandards-whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts-hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans.AndJeanBethkeElshtain,forone,isglad.Thefactthatordinarycitizensarenowstartingtothinkseriouslyaboutthenation’smoralclimate,saysthisethics(伦理学)professorattheUniversityofChicago,isreasontohopethatnewideaswillcomeforwardtoimproveit.Butthechallengeisnottobeunderestimated.MaterialismandindividualisminAmericansocietyaregainingpopularity.“Thethoughtthat‘I’minitformehasbecomedeeplyrootedinthenationalconsciousness,”Ms.Elshtainsays.Someofthiscanbeattributedtothedisintegration(瓦解)oftraditionalcommunities,inwhichneighborslookedoutforoneanother,shesays.Withtoday’sgreatermobilityandwithsomanycouplesworking,thosebondshavebeenweakened,replacedbyagreateremphasisonself.Ina1996pollofAmericans,lossofmoralitytoppedthelistofthebiggestproblemsfacingtheU.S.AndElshtainsaysthepubliciscorrecttosensethat:DatashowthatAmericansarestrugglingwithproblemsunheardofinthe1950s,suchasclassroomviolenceandahighrateofbirthstounmarriedmothers.Thedesireforahighermoralstandardisnotalament(挽歌)forsomenonexistent“goldenage,”Elshtainsays,norisitawishfullongingforasmashofthediscriminationthatdeniedopportunitiestowomenandminorities.Mostpeople,infact,favorthelesseningofprejudice.andminorities.Mostpeople,infact,favorthelesseningofprejudice.Moraldeclinewillnotbereversed(扭转)untilpeoplefindwaystoopposethematerialisminsociety,shesays.“Slowly,yourecognizethatthethingsthatmatterarethosethatcan’tbebought.”12.ProfessorElshtainispleasedtoseethatAmericans_______.A.haveadaptedtoanewsetofmoralstandardsB.arelongingforthereturnofthegoodolddaysC.haverealizedtheimportanceofmaterialthingsD.areawakeningtotheloweringoftheirmoralstandards13.ThemoraldeclineofAmericansocietyiscausedmainlyby_______.A.thegrowingwealthofthecountryB.theself-centerednessofindividualsC.underestimatingtheimpactofsocialchangesD.theprejudiceagainstwomenandminorities14.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizesthetraditionalcommunities?A.Greatmobility. B.Emphasisonindividualeffort.C.Concernforone’sneighbor. D.Ever-weakeningsocialbonds.15.AccordingtoElshtain,thecurrentmoraldeclinemaybereversed_______.A.ifpeoplecanreturntothe“goldenage”B.whenwomenandmenenjoyequalrightsC.whenpeopleridthemselvesofprejudiceD.iflessemphasisislaidonmaterialthings【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了美国社会的道德沦丧问题。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thedeclineinmoralstandards-whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts-hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans.AndJeanBethkeElshtain,forone,isglad.(道德标准的下降——这个长期困扰社会分析家的问题——终于引起了普通美国人的注意。JeanBethkeElshtain就是其中之一，她很高兴。)”可知，Elshtain教授很高兴看到美国人他们意识到自己的道德标准降低了。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“MaterialismandindividualisminAmericansocietyaregainingpopularity.(美国社会的物质主义和个人主义越来越流行。)”和“Thethoughtthat‘I’minitformehasbecomedeeplyrootedinthenationalconsciousness.(‘我为自己而战’的想法已经深深植根于民族意识中。)”可知，美国社会的道德沦丧主要是由于个人的自我中心造成的。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Someofthiscanbeattributedtothedisintegration(瓦解)oftraditionalcommunities,inwhichneighborslookedoutforoneanother,shesays.(她说，其中一些可以归因于传统社区的解体，在传统社区中，邻居们互相照顾。)”可知，关心邻居是传统社区的特征。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Moraldeclinewillnotbereversed(扭转)untilpeoplefindwaystoopposethematerialisminsociety,shesays.(她说，除非人们找到反对社会唯物主义的方法，否则道德衰退将无法逆转。)”可知，Elshtain认为，如果不那么重视物质的东西，目前的道德衰退可能会逆转。故选D项。七选五There’salong-standingargumentinscientificcirclesoverhowtoclassifyviruses.They’renotlifeless,becausetheymultiplyandhavegenes.Yetthey’renot“alive,”astheydon’thavecells,andcan’tsurviveontheirown.Virusesreproducebyhijacking(劫持)thehost’scells,eventuallycausingthemtoburstanddie._____16_____Inordertoprotectourselvesfromthem,wehavetoknowsomebasicfactsaboutviruses.____17____Peopleoftenthinkofjustafewviruses—influenza,HIV,andnowcoronaviruses—buttheyarethemostplentifulmicrobes(微生物)ontheplanet.Thereareabout320,000typesthatinfectmammals,butjust219areknowntoinfecthumans.Youcangetsomevirusesmorethanonce.There’sapopularmyththatonceyou’vehadavirus,you’reimmuneto(对……免疫)it._____18_____Whenyougetavirus,yourbodybuildsupantibodiestofightit.However,noteveryonemakesenoughantibodies,andtheycanwearoffovertime,whichiswhyyouneedboostershotsofsomevaccines.Youcanbecontagious(传染性的)withoutevershowingsymptoms.Somevirusescanbespreadviapeoplewhoneverhadsignsoftheillnessorwhodon’thavesymptomsyet.Somepeoplemayevenbe“super-spreaders”.____19____Takeprecautionstopreventspreadingvirusesevenwhenyoudon’tfeelsick.Ifyou’reveryoverweight,youneedtobeextracautious.Obesepeoplearecontagiouswiththefluvirus42percentlongerthanthosewhoaren’tobese.Becauseobesityislinkedtomanyhealthproblems,itmayaffectyourimmunesystem._____20_____A.Butthat’snotalwaysthecase.B.Therearemanymorevirusesthanyouthink.C.Lossoftasteorsmellisanearlywarningsign.D.Extraweightmaymaketheflushot(流感疫苗)lesseffectivetoo.E.Sleepasmuchaspossibletohelpyourbodytorecover.F.That’swhyvirusesthatinfecthumansnearlyalwayscauseillness.G.Theywillinfectdozenstohundredsofotherpeoplewithoutevenrealizingit.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.G20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关病毒的知识。【16题详析】上文“Virusesreproducebyhijacking(劫持)thehost’scells,eventuallycausingthemtoburstanddie.(病毒通过劫持宿主细胞来繁殖，最终导致宿主细胞破裂死亡)”说明，病毒的繁殖导致宿主细胞死亡，选项F“这就是为什么感染人类的病毒几乎总是会致病的原因。”和上文存在因果关系，病毒导致细胞死亡，进而导致了疾病。故选F项。【17题详析】下文“Peopleoftenthinkofjustafewviruses—influenza,HIV,andnowcoronaviruses—buttheyarethemostplentifulmicrobes(微生物)ontheplanet.(人们通常只想到几种病毒——流感病毒、艾滋病病毒和现在的冠状病毒——但它们是地球上数量最多的微生物)”说明病毒比人们想到的几种要多得多，选项B“病毒比你想象的要多得多。”概括引领下文。故选B项。【18题详析】上文“There’sapopularmyththatonceyou’vehadavirus,you’reimmuneto(对……免疫)it.(有一个受欢迎的荒诞说法，一旦你感染过某种病毒，你就对它免疫了)”和下文“Whenyougetavirus,yourbodybuildsupantibodiestofightit.However,noteveryonemakesenoughantibodies,andtheycanwearoffovertime,whichiswhyyouneedboostershotsofsomevaccines.(当你感染病毒时，你的身体会产生抗体来对抗它。然而，并不是每个人都能产生足够的抗体，而且它们会随着时间的推移而消失，这就是为什么你需要加强注射一些疫苗)”说明上下文发生转折，下文说明情况并不总是上文所说“感染过就免疫了”，选项A“但情况并非总是如此。”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详析】上文“Somevirusescanbespreadviapeoplewhoneverhadsignsoftheillnessorwhodon’thavesymptomsyet.Somepeoplemayevenbe‘super-spreaders’.(有些病毒可以通过从未有过疾病迹象或尚未出现症状的人传播。有些人甚至可能是’超级传播者’)”介绍病毒的传播性，选项G“他们会在不知不觉中感染几十到几百人。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，是上文的结果。故选G项。【20题详析】上文“Obesepeoplearecontagiouswiththefluvirus42percentlongerthanthosewhoaren’tobese.Becauseobesityislinkedtomanyhealthproblems,itmayaffectyourimmunesystem.(肥胖者感染流感病毒的时间比非肥胖者长42%。因为过度肥胖与许多健康问题有关，它可能会影响你的免疫系统)”介绍过度肥胖会造成健康问题，选项D“超重也可能使流感疫苗效果降低。”承接上文，说明肥胖造成的另一问题，可能使流感疫苗效果降低。上文中obesity和选项中Extraweight语义一致，故选D项。二、完形填空（共15空，15分）IwastravelingonanovernightbusinMaharashtra.Thebuswasmorethanpacked;all55seatswere___21___andthereweresome20peoplestandingintheaisle.Theairinsidewashotandfilledwithstrange,unpleasantsmells.Thehotday___22___thediscomfortofthe10-hourjourneyontheroughandrockyroad.BecauseIwastravelingonastudentpass,Icouldnot___23___areservedseat.Ihadnooptionbuttostand—quite___24___.Afteraroundtwolonghours,Iwasbeyondexhaustedandbored.Ikepttryingto___25___myself,shiftingmybodyweightfromonelegtotheothertomanagethediscomfort.Isuddenlyfeltasofthand___26___myelbow.Turningaround,Ifoundamiddle-agedmanwithakindsmilelookingupatme.HestoodupandsaidIcouldtakehis___27___forsometime.Iwaspleasantlysurprisedandimmediatelyacceptedhisoffer.After20minutes,I___28___himtotakebackhisspace.Aman,whowassittingbythewindowontheothersideofthebus,hadobservedour___29___.Justthen,somethingmagicalhappened.Ourobserver_____30_____stoodupandofferedhisseattoanotherstandingman.Thisgameofseat-sharing_____31_____throughthebusand,beforelong,almostallthestandersgotachancetobeseated.Peopleevenstartedchattingwitheachotherwhileexchanging_____32_____,andsoonbegansharingjokesandsinging.Therestofthejourneywasquiteenjoyable.Thebusreacheditsdestinationintheearlymorning.Thegroupsquickly_____33_____andwenttheirway.Butthis_____34_____experiencehasstayedwithmeevenafteralltheseyears.Itrevealedtomeanimportantfactthatwecanall_____35_____whatwehave,includingourburdens,andhelpourco-passengersinthisjourneycalledlife.21.A.extended B.stolen C.occupied D.removed22.A.addedto B.belongedto C.attendedto D.turnedto23.A.admit B.fetch C.withdraw D.claim24.A.freely B.uncomfortably C.pleasantly D.guiltily25.A.bend B.bounce C.bow D.balance26.A.tapping B.hitting C.flipping D.dragging27.A.ticket B.seat C.venue D.chance28.A.sponsored B.instructed C.signaled D.licensed29.A.appointment B.violence C.exchange D.conflict30.A.occasionally B.especially C.properly D.voluntarily31.A.got B.spread C.saw D.went32.A.opinions B.cards C.positions D.addresses33.A.separated B.assembled C.negotiated D.resigned34.A.practical B.extraordinary C.random D.absurd35.A.reflect B.treasure C.categorize D.share【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.A27.B28.C29.C30.D31.B32.C33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者在Maharashtra乘坐夜间巴士的经历，展现了一个关于分享和互助的感人故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这辆巴士挤得满满当当；55个座位都坐满了人，还有大约20个人站在过道上。A.extended延伸、延长；B.stolen偷；C.occupied占据；D.removed去除。根据下文“thereweresome20peoplestandingintheaisle”可推测，55个座位都坐满了人。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：炎热的天气加上在崎岖不平的道路上行驶的10小时旅程，让人感到更加不适。A.addedto增加；B.belongedto属于；C.attendedto注意、照料；D.turnedto转向。根据上文“Theairinsidewashotandfilledwithstrange,unpleasantsmells.”可知，巴士内已经非常不舒适，而炎热的天气更加增添了不适。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我持有学生票，所以我不能要求预留座位。A.admit承认、允许进入；B.fetch取回；C.withdraw撤回、撤退；D.claim要求、主张、声称。根据上文“BecauseIwastravelingonastudentpass”可知，作者持有的学生票，所以不能要求预留座位。故选D。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只能站着——非常不舒服。A.freely自由地；B.uncomfortably不舒服地；C.pleasantly愉快地；D.guiltily内疚地、有罪地。根据上文“Thehotday______thediscomfortofthe10-hourjourneyontheroughandrockyroad.”可推测，作者此时非常不舒服，而长时间站着则让作者更加不舒服。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不断尝试着保持平衡，将身体重量从一条腿换到另一条腿，以缓解不适。A.bend弯曲、屈服；B.bounce弹起；C.bow鞠躬；D.balance平衡。根据下文“shiftingmybodyweightfromonelegtotheothertomanagethediscomfort”可知，作者在努力保持平衡。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我感觉到一只柔软的手轻轻拍了拍我的胳膊。A.tapping轻拍；B.hitting打击、碰撞；C.flipping掷、翻转；D.dragging拖。根据下文“Turningaround,Ifoundamiddle-agedmanwithakindsmilelookingupatme.”可推测，作者感到有只手在轻拍自己的胳膊。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他站起身来说我可以坐他的座位一段时间。A.ticket票；B.seat座位；C.venue场所；D.chance机会。根据下文“Iwaspleasantlysurprisedandimmediatelyacceptedhisoffer.After20minutes,I______himtotakebackhisspace.”可判断，他是让作者坐自己的座位。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：20分钟后，我示意他坐回自己的位置。A.sponsored赞助；B.instructed指导；C.signaled发信号、示意；D.licensed特许。根据空后“himtotakebackhisspace”可知，作者是向他示意坐回自己的位置。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，坐在巴士另一侧靠窗位置的一个男人目睹了我们的交换。A.appointment约定；B.violence暴力；C.exchange交换；D.conflict冲突。根据上文“Iwaspleasantlysurprisedandimmediatelyacceptedhisoffer.After20minutes,I______himtotakebackhisspace.”可知，作者和身边的这位男士互换了座位。故选C。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的旁观者自愿站起身，将座位让给了另一个站着的人。A.occasionally偶尔地；B.especially尤其；C.properly适当地；D.voluntarily自动地。自愿地。根据下文“Itrevealedtomeanimportantfactthatwecanall________whatwehave,includingourburdens,andhelpourco-passengersinthisjourneycalledlife.”以及全文内容可知，这些人都是自愿让出座位。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种让座的行为在巴士上迅速传播开来，不久之后，几乎所有站着的人都得到了座位。A.got得到；B.spread传播；C.saw看见；D.went离开。根据下文“beforelong,almostallthestandersgotachancetobeseated.”可知，这种行为在巴士上蔓延开。故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们在交换位置的同时开始聊天，很快就开始分享笑话和唱歌。A.opinions观点；B.cards卡片；C.positions位置、职位；D.addresses地点。根据上文“Ourobserver________stoodupandofferedhisseattoanotherstandingman.Thisgameofseat-sharing________throughthebusand,beforelong,almostallthestandersgotachancetobeseated.”可知，人们一边交换座位一边聊天。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们迅速分开，各奔东西。A.separated分开，分离，隔开；B.assembled聚集；C.negotiated协商；D.resigned辞职、放弃、顺从。根据下文“wenttheirway”可知，人们迅速分开。故选A。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这次非凡的经历即使过了这么多年，仍然留在我的记忆中。A.practical实用的；B.extraordinary非凡的；C.random任意的；D.absurd荒唐的。根据下文“experiencehasstayedwithmeevenafteralltheseyears”可知，即使过了这么多年，仍然留在我的记忆中，对于作者而言这是一次美好的，非凡的经历。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它向我揭示了一个重要的事实，那就是我们都可以分享我们所拥有的，包括我们的负担，并在这段名为人生的旅程中帮助我们的同伴。A.reflect反映、反射；B.treasure珍视；C.categorize分类；D.share分享。根据上文内容可知，巴士中有座位的人主动将自己的座位提供给没有座位的人，这是一种分享。故选D。三、语篇填空(10空，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Afterrealizingstudentsathiselementaryschoolweregoinghungryathome,PEteacherJasonWatsongotawaveofinspirationandacoolsetofwheels.Jasonandhiswife,Anne,bought____36____usedice-creamtruckandthecouple,bothaged39,startedtodeliverhothome-cookedlunchesandicytreatstokidsinneedintheirtown____37____thehelpoftheirownkids.Itallstartedbackin2016whenthepairengagedinanextracurricularprogramforkids____38____includedfreelunches.Whenthetoughtimecamein2020,theirin-personoutreachwaspausedindefinitely,sotheypurchasedthetruckinOctoberand____39____(be)hardatworksince.Thefamilynowcookallthemealsthemselves,____40____(post)onsocialmediathedatesandtimeswhentheywillbedelivering.Todate,itisestimatedthattheyhaveserved____41____(rough)1,500lunchesfromthetruck.Theirkindnessissupportedbymanyotherwarmheartedpeople.WhentheylaunchedaGoFundMe____42____(raise)moneyforthetruckinJune,2022,they____43____(blow)awaybyoutpouringofdonations.Theyraisedmorethan10,000dollars.Encouragedbypeople’s____44____(generous),they’vedecidedtodomore.Theirdreamistopossiblyopenafreecafewheretheycaninvitepeopletosit,haveahotdinner_____45_____thensharelifetogether.【答案】36.a37.with38.that/which39.havebeen40.posting41.roughly42.toraise43.wereblown44.generosity45.and【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了体育老师JasonWatson意识到自己所在小学的学生在家挨饿后，和妻子一起设法给镇上有需要的孩子们送午餐和冰冻食物的故事。【36题详析】考查冠词。句意：Jason和他的妻子安妮买了一辆二手冰淇淋车，这对39岁的夫妇开始在自己孩子的帮助下，给镇上有需要的孩子们送热的家常午餐和冰食。后文名词usedice-creamtruck是可数泛指概念，用不定冠词限定。所连接的单词used发音以辅音开头，故填a。【37题详析】考查介词。句意：同上。withthehelpofsb“在某人的帮助下”是固定搭配。故填with。【38题详析】考查定语从句。句意：这一切都要追溯到2016年，当时这对夫妇为孩子们参加了一个课外项目，包括免费午餐。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为anextracurricularprogram，指代事物，用关系代词that或which引导，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。【39题详析】考查时态。句意：当2020年的艰难时期到来时，他们的面对面外展服务被无限期地暂停了，所以他们在10月份购买了这辆卡车，从那以后一直在努力工作。根据时间状语since可知，此处谓语动词用现在完成时，表示过去开始的状态一直持续到现在。故填havebeen。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家人现在自己做所有的饭菜，并在社交媒体上公布他们送餐的日期和时间。此处为非谓语，动词和主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填posting。【41题详析】考查副词。句意：到目前为止，据估计他们已经从卡车上提供了大约1500份午餐。根据句意可知，此处应用副词roughly“粗略地，大约”作状语，修饰谓语。故填roughly。【42题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年6月，当他们在GoFundMe上为这辆卡车筹集资金时，他们被大量的捐款所震撼。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”。故填toraise。【43题详析】考查时态和语态。句意：同上。动词blowaway“使印象深刻”和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语inJune,2022可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填wereblown。【44题详析】考查名词。句意：在人们慷慨的鼓励下，他们决定做得更多。名词所有格people’s后应用名词generosity(不可数)作介词by的宾语。故填generosity。【45题详析】考查连词。句意：他们的梦想可能是开一家免费的咖啡馆，在那里他们可以邀请人们坐下来，吃一顿热腾腾的晚餐，然后一起分享生活。前后文为并列关系，连接动词原形和情态动词can构成复合谓语。故填and。浙江省9+1高中联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读选择（共20题，50分）AWritingContest:TellAStoryIt’sNationalTellaStoryMonth,andwe’reexcitedtohearyours!Forthiscontest,submityourbestfictionalstories.Yourstorieswillbejudgedbasedonimagery,noveltyandoriginality.Thereisnospecificgenre(体裁)foryourstory.Sogoaheadandgettowriting.Wecan’twaittoreadwhatyouhaveinstoreforus.Deadline:October1,2023Rules:*Youmustbeateen(aged13-19)withaTeenInkaccounttoenter.*Noinappropriatecontent.*Submissionsmustrelatetothetopic(Astory).GuidelinesandDetails:*Yourentrym