2024-2025学年浙江省宁波市奉化区高二上学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省宁波市奉化区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChoiceofWalksforBeginnerandExperiencedWalkersTheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Walk1—TheNaturalWorldWithenvironmentalistÉannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00StartPoint:ScratoesBridgeWalkDuration:6hoursWalk2—IntroductiontoHillwalkingEmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00StartPoint:DeerparkCarParkWalkDuration:5hoursWalk3—MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手电筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hoursWalk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForestThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationAreaWalkDuration:1.5hours1.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?A.TheNaturalWorld. B.IntroductiontoHillwalking.C.MoonlightUndertheStars. D.PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.2.WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo?A.Joinawalkingclub. B.Bringasurvivalguide.C.Wearproperclothes. D.Getspecialpermits.3.Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?A.Theyareforexperiencedwalkers. B.Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.C.Theysharethesamestartpoint. D.Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案，及其日期、起点和步行时间等相关细节。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一部分“WalkDuration:6hours(步行时间：6小时)”；第二部分“步行时间：5小时(WalkDuration:5hours)”；第三部分“WalkDuration:3hours(步行时间：3小时)”以及最后一部分“WalkDuration:1.5hours(步行时间：1.5小时)”可知，PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest时间最短。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars(步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加)”可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据四种步行方案中的“DateandTime(日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安排在周末。故选B。BMostofustakethetaskofbuyingacupofcoffeeforgranted,asitseemssimpleenough.However,wehavenoideajusthowstressfultaskslikethiscanbeforpeoplewhosufferfromdisabilities.That’swhyit’ssoheart-warmingtoseeastorylikethisinwhichabarista(咖啡师)doessomethingsmalltomakelifealittleeasierforsomeonewhoisdeaf.IbbyPirachalosthishearingwhenhewasonlytwoyearsold,andhenowgoestohislocalcafeinLeesburg,Virginiatoorderacupofcoffeeatleastthreetimesaweek.Thoughallthebaristaswhoworktherehavehisordermemorized,Ibbyalwayswritehisorderonhisphoneandshowsittothebarista.Oneday,however,oneofthebaristasdidsomethingthatchangedeverything!AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,”thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.Ibbywastouchedthatshewouldlearnsignlanguagejusttohelphimfeelwelcome.“Iwasjustsomovedthatsheactuallywantedtolearnsignlanguage.Itisreallyatotallydifferentlanguageanditwassomethingthatshewantedtodobecauseofme.BecauseIwasadeafcustomer.Iwasvery,veryimpressed,”Ibbysaid.KrystalhadspenthourswatchingteachingvideossothatshecouldlearnenoughsignlanguagetogiveIbbythebestcustomerservicethatshecould!“Myjobistomakesurepeoplehavetheexperiencetheyexpectandthat’swhatIgavehim,”Krystalsays.IbbypostedaphotoofKrystal’snoteonline,anditquicklywentviral,gettinghundredsoflikesandcommentsthatpraisedKrystalforherkindaction.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutIbbyPirachafromparagraph2?A.Hewasborndeaf. B.Helivesahardlife.C.Helovestoordertake-outfood. D.Hevisitsthecaferegularly.5.WhydidKrystallearnsignlanguage?A.ToserveIbbybetter. B.Toattractmorecustomers.C.TogiveIbbyabigsurprise. D.Tomakeherselfmorepopular.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKrystal?A.Kindandconsiderate. B.Honestandresponsible.C.Sociableandhumorous. D.Ambitiousandsensitive.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext?A.Twoheadsarebetterthanone. B.Asmallactmakesadifference.C.Onegoodturndeservesanother. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Ibby的故事，Ibby是个聋哑人，他在买咖啡的时候遇到了一位服务员Krystal，Krystal告诉他，她正在学习手语，希望能够让Ibby拥有和其他人同样的购物体验。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“IbbyPirachalosthishearingwhenhewasonlytwoyearsold,andhenowgoestohislocalcafeinLeesburg,Virginiatoorderacupofcoffeeatleastthreetimesaweek.(IbbyPiracha两岁时失聪，现在他每周至少三次去弗吉尼亚州利斯堡当地的咖啡馆点一杯咖啡。)”可知，IbbyPiracha经常去一家咖啡馆。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,”thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.(在Ibby点了咖啡后，他惊讶地看到咖啡师KrystalPane递给他一张纸条作为回应。纸条上写道：“我一直在学习手语，这样你就能和其他人有同样的体验。”然后Krystal用手语问Ibby他想点什么。)”可知，Krystal学习手语是为了更好地为Ibby服务，让他能和其他人有同样的体验。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,”thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.(在Ibby点了咖啡后，他惊讶地看到咖啡师KrystalPane递给他一张纸条作为回应。纸条上写道：“我一直在学习手语，这样你就能和其他人有同样的体验。”然后Krystal用手语问Ibby他想点什么。)”以及最后一段“IbbypostedaphotoofKrystal’snoteonline,anditquicklywentviral,gettinghundredsoflikesandcommentsthatpraisedKrystalforherkindaction.(Ibby在网上发布了克里斯托纸条的照片，并迅速走红，得到了数百个赞和评论，称赞krystal的善举。)”可知，Krystal之所以学习手语是为了让Ibby能和其他人有同样的体验，而人们也为她的善举点赞。所以可推测Krystal是个心地善良而又善解人意的人。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“That’swhyit’ssoheart-warmingtoseeastorylikethisinwhichabarista(咖啡师)doessomethingsmalltomakelifealittleeasierforsomeonewhoisdeaf.(这就是为什么看到这样一个咖啡师做了一件小事让聋哑人的生活变得更轻松的故事是如此温暖人心。)”以及文章第四段“Ibbywastouchedthatshewouldlearnsignlanguagejusttohelphimfeelwelcome.“Iwasjustsomovedthatsheactuallywantedtolearnsignlanguage.Itisreallyatotallydifferentlanguageanditwassomethingthatshewantedtodobecauseofme.BecauseIwasadeafcustomer.Iwasvery,veryimpressed,”Ibbysaid.(Ibby很感动，她会学习手语，只是为了让他感到受欢迎。“我很感动，她真的想学手语。这真的是一种完全不同的语言，她想做这件事是因为我。因为我是个聋子顾客。我非常非常印象深刻，”Ibby说。)”可知，文章主要想表达的是一个小举动却让Ibby印象深刻，并让他心里充满温暖。故选B。CLaughtercomesinmanyforms,fromapolitechuckletoaninfectioushowlofamusement.ScientistsarenowdevelopinganAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughteraccurately.Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.Dr.KojiInoue,leadauthoroftheresearchfromKyotoUniversity,highlightsempathy(共情)asacrucialaspectofconversationalAI,suggestinglaughtersharingasameansforrobotstoconnectwithusers.Toachievethis,Inoueandhisteamgathereddatafromover80speed-datingdialoguesbetweenmalestudentsandErica,initiallyoperatedbyamateuractors.Dialoguedatalabeledforindividual,social,andjoyfullaughterwasusedtotrainanAIsystemtoidentifyandproducefittinglaughterresponses.Basedontheaudiofiles,thealgorithm(算法)learnedtheirsubtledifferences,aimingtoimitatesociallaughssubtlyandheartylaughsempathetically.“Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,”explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.Erica’s“senseofhumor”wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn’tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercouldimbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.However,Inoueacknowledgeditcouldtakeover20yearstohavea“casualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”ProfessorSandraWachter,oftheOxfordInternetInstituteattheUniversityofOxford,said,“OneofthethingsI’dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn’tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat’sgoingon.”8.WhydoscientistsdeveloptheAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughter?A.Tomakerobotssoundmorehuman-like.B.Tohelprobotsunderstandhumanemotionsbetter.C.Toenablerobotstohaveasenseofhumorlikehumans.D.ToenhancetheemotionalinteractionbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.9.WhatwasthechallengeInouefacedwhileworkingonthisproject?A.Creatinganalgorithmthatcangenuinelyfeelamusement.B.Identifyingthesituationswherelaughteristrulyunderstood.C.Distinguishingbetweendifferenttypesoflaughteraccurately.D.Collectingsufficientdatafortrainingthemachinelearningsystem.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imbue”meaninParagraph5?A.Equip. B.Inspire. C.Engage. D.Influence.11.WhatisProfessorSandraWachter’sviewonlaughingrobots?A.Theyarenotcapableofcapturinghumanlaughter.B.Theycanimitatelaughterbutlackthoroughcomprehension.C.Itispossibleforthemtoplaytricksonhumansoccasionally.D.Itwilltakelongbeforehumanshavecomfortableconversationswiththem.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家正在研究的一款可以笑的机器人。【8题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.(大笑机器人背后的团队Erica表示，该系统可以改善人与人工智能系统之间的自然对话。)”可知，科学家开发了一种可以复制各种笑声的人工智能系统，以增强人与人工智能系统之间的情感互动。故选D项。【9题详析】推理判断题。由文章第四段“‘Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,’explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.(Inoue解释道：“我们在这项工作中最大的挑战是识别共同大笑的实际案例。”他强调了仔细分类的必要性。)”以及“Erica’s‘senseofhumor’wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn’tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.(Erica的‘幽默感’通过四个对话进行了测试，整合了新的共享笑声算法。将这些与Erica在检测到笑声时不笑或发出社交笑声的情况进行了比较。)”可知，Inoue在这个项目中面临的挑战是确定笑声的情况是否真正理解。故选B项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。由文章第五段“Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercould

imbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.

(这些片段被播放给了130名志愿者，他们对共享笑声算法的同理心和自然度给予了高度评价。研究小组认为，笑声可以imbue机器人独特的性格特征，包括大笑、眼神凝视、手势和说话风格等对话行为。)”可推测，这里表示笑声可以赋予机器人独特的性格特征，所以猜测imbue表“使……具备”的意思。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“OneofthethingsI’dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn’tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat’sgoingon.(我要记住的一件事是，机器人或算法永远无法理解你。它不理解笑的含义。他们没有感觉，但他们可能会非常善于让你相信他们了解发生了什么。)”可知，SandraWachter认为会笑的机器人可以模仿笑声，但缺乏全面的理解能力。故选B项。DStudieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(机制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.Sounlesswehaveaterribleexperience,wearelikelytobuyfromcompanieswe’vegotusedto.Thatiswhycompaniesspendsomuchmoneyonadvertisingandmarketingandwhyinsurancecompaniesopenlychargeexistingcustomersmorethannewones.It’snotthecasethatweonlydesirethingswealreadyknow.Somestudiessuggestwheninvitedtoshareourpreferences,wesometimesseelessfamiliarchoicesasmoredesirable.Butwhenactingonthatpreference,wefallbacktowhatweknow.Thismightexplainwhysometimesthethingswewantandthethingswedodon’tquitematchup.Wemightevenreturntocompaniesthattreateduspoorlyinthepastorstayinbadrelationships.It’seasytopaintthefamiliarityprincipleasanenemyorsomethingtobattleasifitissomethingthatholdsusbackfromlivingourdreams.Butthisattitudemightbeoverwhelmingbecauseittendstoencourageustowardbig-picturethinking.Whereweimaginethatchangerequiresasubstantialdramatic(巨大而突然的)swingthatwedon’tfeelreadyfor.Somearticlessuggestthesolutiontofamiliarityfrustrationiscompleteexposuretonovelty(新奇的事物).Whilethiscanappeareffectiveintheshortrun,wemayonlyendupreplacingoneproblemwithanother.Italsorisksoverwhelmandburnout.Sowhatifwecanworkwiththefamiliarityprincipleinstead?Familiarityissomethingwecanlearntoplaywithandenjoy.Itisasettingforcreativityandapathwaytoexpansion.Wecanbroadenthezoneoffamiliaritybitbybit.Ifwethinkoffamiliarityassomethingthatcanexpand,wecanconsiderchangingtheconditionsinandaroundourliestomakemorespaceforourpreferencestotakerootandgrowgently.Fromhere,wewillstarttomakedecisions,drawingfromanever-deepeningpoolofvaluablealternatives.12.Whatallowsinsurancecompaniestochargeoldcustomersmore?A.Thefamiliarityprinciple. B.Theadvertisingcost.C.Theimprovedservice. D.Thelawofthemarket.13.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?A.Ourpreferencesaffectourdecisions.B.Therecanbeamismatchbetweendesiresandactions.C.Thefamiliarityprincipleisadouble-edgedsword.D.Familiaritytendstogeneratedisrespect.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesolutioninsomearticles?A.Objective. B.Favorable. C.Disapproving. D.Tolerant.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GentlyExpandYourFamiliarityZone B.StepOutOfYourFamiliarityZoneC.SpareAThoughtForYourPreference D.GivePriorityToTheMereExposureEffect【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了熟悉性原则对我们决策的影响，并提出了一种平衡的观点来看待这个原则，而不是将其视为阻碍，作者建议我们可以通过逐步扩展熟悉区域来利用这一原则来促进创造性和成长。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Studieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(机制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.Sounlesswehaveaterribleexperience,wearelikelytobuyfromcompanieswe’vegotusedto.Thatiswhycompaniesspendsomuchmoneyonadvertisingandmarketingandwhyinsurancecompaniesopenlychargeexistingcustomersmorethannewones.(研究表明，单纯的暴露效应，也被称为熟悉原则，会激发我们的决定。这是一种有益的心理机制，可以帮助我们保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。习惯新事物需要努力，而且可能会很累。因此，除非我们有糟糕的经历，否则我们很可能会从我们已经习惯的公司购买股票。这就是为什么公司在广告和营销上花那么多钱，为什么保险公司公开向现有客户收取比新客户更高的费用)”可知，熟悉原则让保险公司向老客户收取更多费用。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“It’snotthecasethatweonlydesirethingswealreadyknow.Somestudiessuggestwheninvitedtoshareourpreferences,wesometimesseelessfamiliarchoicesasmoredesirable.Butwhenactingonthatpreference,wefallbacktowhatweknow.Thismightexplainwhysometimesthethingswewantandthethingswedodon’tquitematchup.Wemightevenreturntocompaniesthattreateduspoorlyinthepastorstayinbadrelationships.(这并不是说我们只想要已知的东西。一些研究表明，当被邀请分享我们的偏好时，我们有时会认为不太熟悉的选择更可取。但当我们按照这种偏好行事时，我们又回到了我们所知道的。这也许可以解释为什么有时候我们想要的和我们做的并不完全匹配。我们甚至可能回到过去对我们不好的公司，或者保持糟糕的关系)”可知，本段解释了为什么有时候我们想要的和我们做的并不完全匹配，也就是说有时候我们的欲望和行动可能不匹配。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Whilethiscanappeareffectiveintheshortrun,wemayonlyendupreplacingoneproblemwithanother.Italsorisksoverwhelmandburnout.(虽然这在短期内看起来是有效的，但我们最终可能只是用一个问题代替另一个问题。它也有让人不堪重负和精疲力竭的风险。)”可知，这段话表明作者对文章中提出的解决方案持反对态度，认为这种解决方案可能只是暂时有效，而且可能带来新的问题和风险。因此，作者的态度是反对的。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Studieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(机制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.(研究表明，单纯的暴露效应，也被称为熟悉原则，会激发我们的决定。这是一种有益的心理机制，可以帮助我们保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。习惯新事物需要努力，而且可能会很累)”以及最后一段“Wecanbroadenthezoneoffamiliaritybitbybit.Ifwethinkoffamiliarityassomethingthatcanexpand,wecanconsiderchangingtheconditionsinandaroundourliestomakemorespaceforourpreferencestotakerootandgrowgently.Fromhere,wewillstarttomakedecisions,drawingfromanever-deepeningpoolofvaluablealternatives.(我们可以一点一点地扩大熟悉的范围。如果我们认为熟悉是一种可以扩展的东西，我们可以考虑改变我们谎言内部和周围的条件，为我们的偏好提供更多的空间，让它生根发芽。从这里开始，我们将开始从不断加深的有价值的选择中做出决定)”可知，文章主要讨论了熟悉性原则对我们决策的影响，以及如何利用这一原则进行创新和拓展。文章强调了我们可以逐步扩大熟悉的范围，通过改变生活中的条件，为我们的偏好提供更多的空间，使其能够生根并温和地成长。因此，选项A“慢慢扩大你的熟悉范围”最能概括文章的主题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Livingwithotherpeoplecanbetough,especiallywheneachpersoncomesfromadifferentbackgroundandhastheirownideasabouthowtheywanttolive.Thoughhavingaroommatecanbechallengingattimes,itcanalsobeenjoyableandfun.___16___Youcandiscussyourexpectationsaheadoftime.Gettogetherbeforeoronthefirstdayyoumoveintogetherandtalkaboutwhateachofyouneedsandwantsfromtheother.___17___Thisappliestofinances,food,clothes,possessions,useofcommonareasandsoon.Youshouldagreetorespecteachother’sprivacy.Thisisespeciallysignificant.___18___Forinstance,youmaynotmindifyourroommatecomesintoyourroomunannounced,buttheymightfindyoutobeveryrudefordoingso.Youshouldtalkaboutthesekindsofthingssothatyouknowwhattoexpectfromeachother.___19___Sayhelloandgoodbye,askthemhowtheirdaywas,andshowinterestintheirlife.Gettingtoknowthepersonyoulivewithhelpsyouunderstandtheirperspective,andallowsthemtounderstandyours.Italsomakesiteasiertodealwithproblemsthatyouhavewiththatpersonifyou’vealreadydevelopedaharmoniousrelationshipwiththem.Youcanalsobeconsiderateofyourroommateinyourlife.Understandwhat’sgoingoninyourroommate’slife.Youshouldaimtobeflexibleandaccommodating.Yourroommatemayhaveabigtestcomingup.___20___Ifyourroommateisbusyandstressedwiththeirjob,givethemsometimeandspacetorelaxandunwind.A.Youcanspendtimewithyourroommate.B.Youcandiscusseachofyourpreferencesforprivacy.C.Thisisyourbestchancetosetboundarieswithyourroommate.D.Makesurethateveryoneisclearontherulesandresponsibilities.E.Thisiswhatyoushouldknowtorespectyourroommate’sprivacy.F.Theninthiscaseyoushouldprobablybequietandletthemstudy.G.Thefollowingstepswillhelpyouliveinharmonywithyourroommate.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.A20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何与室友和谐相处。【16题详析】根据上文“Thoughhavingaroommatecanbechallengingattimes,itcanalsobeenjoyableandfun.(虽然有室友有时会很有挑战性，但它也可以是愉快和有趣的)”提出与室友同住会带来挑战，但也可以愉快和有趣，下文四个段落分别给出与室友愉快相处的方法：“Youcandiscussyourexpectationsaheadoftime.(你可以提前讨论你的期望)”、“Youshouldagreetorespecteachother’sprivacy.(你们应该同意尊重彼此的隐私)”和“Youcanalsobeconsiderateofyourroommateinyourlife.(你也可以在生活中体谅你的室友)”，所以G项“Thefollowingstepswillhelpyouliveinharmonywithyourroommate.(以下步骤将帮助你与室友和谐相处)”承上启下，是最佳过渡句。故选G项。【17题详析】根据上文“Youcandiscussyourexpectationsaheadoftime.Gettogetherbeforeoronthefirstdayyoumoveintogetherandtalkaboutwhateachofyouneedsandwantsfromtheother.(你可以提前讨论你的期望。在你们搬到一起之前或第一天就聚在一起，谈谈你们彼此需要什么，想从对方那里得到什么)”和下文“Thisappliestofinances,food,clothes,possessions,useofcommonareasandsoon.(这适用于财务、食物、衣服、财产、公共区域的使用等等)”可知，本段建议要弄清楚彼此的需求和期望，要在财务、食物、衣服、财产、公共区域的使用等方面达成一致，即要先明确规则和各自的职责，D项“Makesurethateveryoneisclearontherulesandresponsibilities.(确保每个人都清楚规则和责任)”与本段主题一致，衔接自然。故选D项。【18题详析】根据下文“Forinstance,youmaynotmindifyourroommatecomesintoyourroomunannounced,buttheymightfindyoutobeveryrudefordoingso.Youshouldtalkaboutthesekindsofthingssothatyouknowwhattoexpectfromeachother.(例如，你可能不介意你的室友不请自来，但他们可能会觉得你这样做很粗鲁。你们应该谈谈这些事情，这样你们就知道对彼此有什么期待)”中“Forinstance”可知，下文是对上文的举例说明，是对B项“Youcandiscusseachofyourpreferencesforprivacy.(你们可以讨论你们的隐私偏好)”中“discusseachofyourpreferencesforprivacy”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。【19题详析】根据下文“Sayhelloandgoodbye,askthemhowtheirdaywas,andshowinterestintheirlife.Gettingtoknowthepersonyoulivewithhelpsyouunderstandtheirperspective,andallowsthemtounderstandyours.Italsomakesiteasiertodealwithproblemsthatyouhavewiththatpersonifyou’vealreadydevelopedaharmoniousrelationshipwiththem.(跟他们打招呼道别，问问他们今天过得怎么样，对他们的生活表现出兴趣。了解和你住在一起的人可以帮助你理解他们的观点，也可以让他们理解你的观点。如果你和那个人已经建立了和谐的关系，这也会让你更容易处理你和他之间的问题)”可知，本段建议要关心室友，要与室友建立和谐的关系，所以要花时间和室友在一起。A项“Youcanspendtimewithyourroommate(你可以和室友呆在一起)”是本段的建议，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【20题详析】根据上文“Yourroommatemayhaveabigtestcomingup.(你的室友可能马上就要考试了)”设定了室友要考试的情景，F项“Theninthiscaseyoushouldprobablybequietandletthemstudy.(在这种情况下，你应该保持安静，让他们学习)”是作为室友的你应该做的事情：保持安静，让他们学习。同时照应主题“beconsiderateofyourroommateinyourlife”。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MycatBoomwasgettingmorefleas(跳蚤).Oncloser___21___,hisskinwasredandswollen(肿胀的).So,Icalledthevet’sofficeandmadea(n)___22___togetBoomsomehelp.Thatmorning,Istartedtogethimintohiscarriertotakehimtothevet.Aswithmostcats,thistaskusuallytookalotoftimeandeffortto___23___.Tomysurprise,Boomdidn’t___24___muchresistance(抵抗).Initially,Ilinkedthis___25___directlytotheseverityoftheflea-causedsuffering.Lookingback,I’dliketobelieveitallpartofabigger___26___.Uponarrivalatthevet,thevetimmediatelyexaminedhimand___27___thathewasallergic(过敏的)tothesaliva(唾液)offleabites.Iwasgivensomemedicineandallseemedright.Suddenly,myphone___28___urgently(急切地)withanincomingcall,andtomyshock,itwasthepoliceontheline,___29___meofafireatmyhouse.Ihurriedhomeonlytoseesomefurniture___30___acrosstheroombytheforceofanexplosion(爆炸).Afirefighterexplainedwhathebelievedhadhappened,includingthe___31___oftheevent.Itturnedoutthefirestartedinoldwires.HewasconvincedthatifIhadbeenathome,I’dhavehadlittlechanceof___32___.Hiswords___33___asurgeoffeelingswithinme.Accordingtothetimelinethefirefightertoldme,thefirestarted___34___afterBoomandIwenttothevettogether.Haditnotbeenforhisrarecooperation,I’dhavebeentrapped.Andifhehadn’thadanallergytofleabites,wewouldn’thavegonetothevet.So,I___35___mylifetothosetiny,unwantedfleas.21.A.attention B.observation C.appreciation D.consideration22.A.appointment B.schedule C.decision D.difference23.A.evaluate B.design C.accompany D.achieve24.A.takeup B.putup C.takeon D.puton25.A.cooperation B.fight C.struggle D.harmony26.A.victory B.ambition C.plan D.trap27.A.included B.accepted C.complained D.concluded28.A.vibrated B.burst C.reported D.unlocked29.A.accusing B.reminding C.informing D.warning30.A.knocked B.lifted C.accelerated D.blown31.A.intensity B.timeline C.consequence D.impact32.A.promotion B.success C.survival D.death33.A.sparked B.reduced C.contained D.weakened34.A.constantly B.accordingly C.long D.shortly35.A.devoted B.sacrificed C.owed D.enhanced【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.A29.C30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在的猫因为跳蚤皮肤红肿，于是作者带猫去看兽医，结果猫很配合。正当兽医做完检查后，作者接到电话说家里发生了火灾，消防员告诉作者如果当时在家，肯定无法生还。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：仔细观察，他的皮肤红肿。A.attention注意力；B.observation观察；C.appreciation感激；D.consideration考虑。根据后文“hisskinwasredandswollen.”可知，作者经过仔细观察，发现猫皮肤红肿。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我打电话给兽医办公室，并做了一个预约，让Boom得到一些帮助。A.appointment约会，预约；B.schedule安排；C.decision决定；D.difference差异。根据上文“Icalledthevet’soffice”指预约兽医给猫看病。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：和大多数猫一样，这项任务通常需要花费大量的时间和精力来完成。A.evaluate评估；B.design设计；C.accompany陪伴；D.achieve实现，完成。根据上文“Thatmorning,Istartedtogethimintohiscarriertotakehimtothevet.(那天早上，我开始把他放进他的笼子里，带他去看兽医)”指把猫放进笼子里的任务通常需要花费大量的时间和精力来完成。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，Boom并没有太大的反抗。A.takeup从事；B.putup提供，展现；C.takeon承担；D.puton穿上。根据后文“muchresistance”指猫没有展现出太大的反抗，用putup。故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初，我将这种合作直接与跳蚤造成的痛苦的严重程度联系起来。A.cooperation合作；B.fight战斗；C.struggle努力；D.harmony和谐。根据下文“Haditnotbeenforhisrarecooperation”可知，猫很配合作者就进了笼子，体现了一种合作。故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我愿意相信这一切都是一个更大计划的一部分。A.victory胜利；B.ambition抱负；C.plan计划；D.trap陷阱。根据上文“Lookingback,I’dliketobelieveitallpartofabigger”，后文“Haditnotbeenforhisrarecooperation,I’dhavebeentrapped.Andifhehadn’thadanallergytofleabites,wewouldn’thavegonetothevet.(要不是他难得的合作，我早就被困住了。如果他没有对跳蚤过敏，我们就不会去看兽医了)”可知，作者回想起来感到这一切都是一个更大计划的一部分。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一到兽医那里，兽医马上给它做了检查，结论是它对跳蚤咬过的唾液过敏。A.included包含；B.accepted接受；C.complained抱怨；D.concluded下结论。根据后文“thathewasallergictothesalivaoffleabites.”可知，经过检查，兽医给出结论猫对跳蚤咬过的唾液过敏。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我的手机因一个来电而紧急震动，令我震惊的是，是警察打来的电话，告诉我我家着火了。A.vibrated震动；B.burst爆发；C.reported报告；D.unlocked解锁。根据上文“myphone”以及后文“urgentlywithanincomingcall”指因为来电话而电话震动，应用vibrate。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我的手机因一个来电而紧急震动，令我震惊的是，是警察打来的电话，告诉我我家着火了。