2022年北京市丰台区高二下学期期中联考英语试题

PAGE1丰台区2021-2022学年度第二学期期中练习高二英语练习时间：90分钟第I部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。EverybodyknowsIlikenewexperiences.MyuncleTomarrangedatandem____1____formyeighteenthbirthday.Iwasexcitedandexpected____2____tohaveseveralweekstoresearchskydivingonline,butthenIgotacallfromtheskydivingcompany,askingmetocomethenextday.Icouldn’tbelievemy____3____!Althoughwesetoffearlytotheairport,wewere15minutesbehindschedulebecauseoftheheavytraffic.Theinformationandsafetytalkwasalreadyoverandthatdid____4____me.Instead,Ireceivedashorterversion.Thetimeofeachperson’sskydivedependedonthetimethey’dregistered,soformethatmeantalongwait.Iwatchedthefirstgroupofskydivers____5____,whichwashelpful.Twentyminuteslater,Isuddenlybecameuneasywhenthefirstpairofskydivers____6____inthesky.Mynamewasfinallycalled.Ipulledmy____7____onandwasintroducedtomyinstructor.Wewalkedtowardstheplane.Thenoisetheplanemadewasenoughto____8____eventhemostrelaxedflyer.However,oncemyinstructorhaddoublecheckedourequipment,myfeardisappeared.Whenwereachedtherequiredheight,thedooropenedandwemovedtowardsit.Sittinginthedoorwayoftheplanewasprobablythe____9____moment.Thenwemovedforwardsuntilwefellout.Iwasawareofthecoldwindonmyfaceandcouldseeincredibleviewsaroundme.Myinstructoropenedourparachute,andwewentsuddenlyfromfreefallingtoslowlyfloatingbackdowntotheground.Itwasafantastic_____10_____thatI’llneverforget.1.A.hike B.training C.skydive D.skateboarding2.A.nervously B.anxiously C.patiently D.happily3.A.luck B.creativity C.courage D.charm4.A.help B.bother C.touch D.attract5.A.talking B.competing C.preparing D.arriving6.A.rose B.hung C.danced D.appeared7.A.jumpsuit B.spacesuit C.swimwear D.sportswear8.A.injure B.worry C.comfort D.impress9.A.scariest B.calmest C.saddest D.biggest10.A.trip B.party C.experience D.vacation【1~10题答案】【答案】1.C2.D3.A4.B5.C6.D7.A8.B9.A10.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。叔叔汤姆为作者18岁生日安排了双人跳伞，文章讲述了作者整个跳伞的过程和作者在其中的心理活动。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我叔叔汤姆为我18岁生日安排了双人跳伞。A.hike远足；B.training训练；C.skydive跳伞；D.skateboarding滑板。呼应后文“callfromtheskydivingcompany”叔叔安排的是双人跳伞活动。故选C。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，很高兴能有几周的时间在网上研究跳伞，但是我接到了跳伞公司的电话，让我第二天去。A.nervously紧张地；B.anxiously焦急地；C.patiently耐心地；D.happily快乐地。根据上文“Iwasexcitedandexpected”可知作者对能去跳伞感到兴奋和开心。故选D。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信我的运气！A.luck运气；B.creativity创造力；C.courage勇气；D.charm魅力。根据上文“haveseveralweekstoresearchskydivingonline,butthenIgotacallfromtheskydivingcompany,askingmetocomethenextday.”可知作者以为要等好几周，结果第二天跳伞公司就让作者去，所以作者觉得自己运气很好。故选A。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于信息和安全的谈话已经结束了，这确实困扰着我。A.help帮助；B.bother打扰，困扰；C.touch接触；D.attract吸引。根据后文“Instead,Ireceivedashorterversion.”可知，作者得到了关于跳伞安全的简短信息介绍，可见之前的谈话让作者困扰。故选B。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我观看了第一组跳伞运动员的准备工作，这对我很有帮助。A.talking谈话；B.competing竞争；C.preparing准备；D.arriving到达。根据上文“Iwatchedthefirstgroupofskydivers”可知作者在等待时观看了第一组跳伞人员的准备工作，prepare符合语境。故选C。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：20分钟后，当第一对跳伞运动员出现在天空时，我突然感到不安。A.rose上升；B.hung悬挂；C.danced跳舞；D.appeared出现。根据后文“inthesky”指第一对跳伞运动员出现在天空。故选D。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我穿上跳伞装，被介绍给我的老师。A.jumpsuit跳伞装；B.spacesuit航天服；C.swimwear泳衣；D.sportswear运动装。根据上文可知，作者是去跳伞的，因此是穿上跳伞装。故选A。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞机发出的噪音足以使最放松的飞行员担心。A.injure伤害；B.worry担心；C.comfort安慰；D.impress使印象深刻。根据前后文语境“Thenoisetheplanemadewasenoughto…eventhemostrelaxedflyer”可知，面对飞机发出的噪音，即使是最放松的飞行员也会担心。故选B。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐在飞机的门口可能是最可怕的时刻。A.scariest最可怕的；B.calmest最平静的；C.saddest最悲伤的；D.biggest最大的。根据上文“Sittinginthedoorwayoftheplanewasprobablythe”可知坐在了飞机的门口是跳伞中最可怕的时刻，故选A。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一次奇妙的经历，我永远不会忘记。A.trip旅行；B.party聚会；C.experience经历；D.vacation假期。根据第一段中“EverybodyknowsIlikenewexperiences.”以及后文“thatI’llneverforget”可知这次跳伞经历作者永远不会忘记。故选C。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。JourneytotheWestisoneoftheFourGreatClassicalNovelsofChineseliterature.It____11____（write）byWuCheng’enintheMingDynasty.Asweallknow,oneofthemaincharactersinthisnovelistheMonkeyKing,whohasabitterexperienceduringthejourney.Hehelpshismasterovercomeagreatmanydifficulties____12____（get）goodresults.Ilikehimforhis____13____（kind）,courageandthemagicalpowers.Facedwithdifficulties,Iwillthinkofhimandnotafraidoffailure.【11~13题答案】【答案】11.waswritten12.toget13.kindness【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了《西游记》的主要人物之一孙悟空。【11题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：它是明朝吴承恩写的。分析句子可知，空格处要填谓语动词。根据句中的时间状语“intheMingDynasty”可知，谓语动词用一般过去时。又因JourneytotheWest与write是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填waswritten。【12题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他帮助他的师傅克服许多困难以取得好成绩。分析句子可知，空格处要填动词不定式作目的状语。故填toget。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：我喜欢他的善良、勇气和魔力。his为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，空格处要填名词，kind的名词是kindness。故填kindness。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Emojis____14____（become）moreandmorepopularinrecentyears.Peoplelikethembecausetheyaddemotionalmeaningandareeasytouse.Infact,thisissimilartoourgestures____15____helpusexpressourideasmoreclearlywhenwespeak.WithEmojis____16____（add）toamessageorpost,yourreadercan“see”yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.Emojiscanalsohelppeopleexpresstheirfeelingswhentheycannotfindtheappropriatewords.【14~16题答案】【答案】14.havebecome15.which##that16.added【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是近年来，表情符号变得越来越流行。当人们找不到合适的语言时，表情符号也可以帮助他们表达自己的感情。【14题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，表情符号变得越来越流行。根据inrecentyears可知，本句应用现在完成时，且谓语动词要与主语Emojis保持复数一致，所以填havebecome。故填havebecome。【15题详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意：事实上，这类似于我们的手势，当我们说话时，可以帮助我们更清楚地表达我们的想法。分析句子可知，本句涉及一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词gestures，指物，空处在从句中作主语，需要填关系代词that或which。故填which/that。【16题详解】考查with的复合结构和非谓语动词。句意：通过在消息或帖子中添加表情符号，你的读者可以在阅读你的文字时“看到”你的面部表情。分析句子可知，空处为with复合结构中的宾补，补充说明宾语Emojis，动词add与Emojis为被动关系，所以需要填过去分词表被动作宾补。故填added。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Schooluniformsshouldberequiredforallstudentsforsomeimportantreasons.Firstly,____17____（wear）uniformsmakeseveryonefeelequal.Itmakesstudentswhocomefrompoorfamiliesfeelthesame.Inaddition,gettingreadyforschooleverymorningcanbemuchfasterand____18____（easy）.Manykidswastetimechoosing____19____toweartoschool.Mostimportantly,somestudiesshowthatschooluniformsmakestudentsperformbetterinschool.Somepeoplemightsaythatuniformstakeawaypersonalfreedom,butstudentsstillhavemanyotherwaystoexpress____20____（they）.【17~20题答案】【答案】17.wearing18.easier19.what20.themselves【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是由于一些重要的原因，所有的学生都应该穿校服，但有人赞成，有人反对。【17题详解】考查动名词。句意：首先，穿制服让每个人感觉平等。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词makes，所以空处应填不定式或动名词形式作主语。而动名词作主语时，通常表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常表示一件未完成的事或目的。所以此处应填wear的动名词形式wearing。故填wearing。【18题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：此外，每天早上准备上学可以更快更容易。根据并列连词and前的faster为形容词比较级可知，空处也应填形容词比较级easier作系动词be的表语。故填easier。【19题详解】考查疑问词+不定式。句意：许多孩子浪费时间选择穿什么去学校。疑问词+不定式可作宾语。再根据句意可知，这里是指选择穿什么（what）去学校，此处是作动词choosing的宾语。故填what。【20题详解】考查反身代词。句意：有些人可能会说校服剥夺了个人自由，但学生仍然有很多其他的方式来表达自己。分析句子可知，这里是指有很多其他方式来表达“学生自己”，所以应用反身代词themselves作express的宾语。故填themselves。第II部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADearMs.Smith,IamwritingtoapplyfortheSalesManagerpositiononthecareerspageoftheKingComputerswebsite.LastyearKingComputersaddedfivenewoffices,makingitthelargestcomputersalesandservicescompanyinthestate.Iunderstandthatoneofthecompany’saimsistoexpandoutsideoftheWashingtonarea.Iamseekingtheopportunitytoplayanimportantroleinyourgrowingbusiness.AsasalesmanagerwithDiamondComputers,Iexpandedoursalesareaby150%intwoyears.IamconfidentthatmyleadershipandexperiencewillhelpKingComputersachieveitsgoals,too.Ihaveworkedinthefieldofcomputersalesforoverfifteenyears.CurrentlyIamasalesmanagerforDiamondComputersbasedinSeattle.Iamskilledatmanagingaccountsandincreasingsalesrevenue（收益）.Lastyear,myteamproduced$960,000inrevenue—thehighestinthecompany.Also,IreceivedtheDiamondSalesAwardforthebestsalesmanager.Inaddition,Iamexperiencedatplanningsalesstrategies,developingadvertisingcampaigns,andcreatingsalesbudgets.KingComputersiswell-knownforitscustomer-firstphilosophy.Inmyfifteenyearsinsales,thiswayofthinkingisthemostimportantthingIhavelearned.Asalesstrategyshouldneverbejustaboutgettingmoneyfromcustomers.Ibelieveit’simportanttotakethetimetolistentoeachcustomer—tounderstandwhatheorshereallyneeds.Then,wemustfindtheproductthatbestmatchesthoseneeds.AsasalesmanagerforKingComputers,Iwillbeinagreatpositiontodojustthat.Ifyouarelookingforaskilledsalesmanagerwithahistoryofsuccess,Iwouldbedelightedtospeakwithyou.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Sincerely,PaulReubens21.Accordingtothewriter,whatisoneofKingComputers’aims?A.Tosetnewgoals.B.Toaddfivenewoffices.C.Tomakeitsbusinessbigger.D.Tohiremoresalesmanagers.22.AccordingtoPaulReubens,agoodsalesmanagershould________.A.putcustomers’needsfirstB.nevergetmoneyfromcustomersC.beskilledindesigningcomputersD.beabletoreceiveawardsforthecompany23.PaulReubenswrotethisletterinorderto________.A.provethatheisskillfulasasalesmanagerB.explainwhyheisinterestedinsellingcomputersC.showthatheisfitforthejobatKingComputersD.describewhathehasexperiencedforoverfifteenyears【21~23题答案】【答案】21.C22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一封申请King计算机公司的销售经理一职的求职信。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Iunderstandthatoneofthecompany’saimsistoexpandoutsideoftheWashingtonarea.（据我所知，该公司的目标之一是向华盛顿地区以外的地区扩张。）”可知，King公司的目标之一是向华盛顿地区进行业务扩张。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“KingComputersiswell-knownforitscustomer-firstphilosophy.（King电脑公司以顾客至上的理念而闻名）”以及“Asalesstrategyshouldneverbejustaboutgettingmoneyfromcustomers.Ibelieveit’simportanttotakethetimetolistentoeachcustomer—tounderstandwhatheorshereallyneeds.（售策略不应该只是从顾客那里赚钱。我认为花时间去倾听每个顾客，了解他们真正的需要是很重要的。）”可知，PaulReubens认为合格的销售经理应该以顾客至上，去倾听他们的诉求。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“IamwritingtoapplyfortheSalesManagerpositiononthecareerspageoftheKingComputerswebsite.（我写这封信是想申请King计算机公司网站上的招聘页面上的销售经理一职。）”可知，PaulReubens写信的目的是想求职。因此会展示自己的优势证明自己能够胜任这份工作。故选C。BAsaneducatorandhealthcareprovider,IhaveworkedwithnumerouschildreninfectedwiththevirusthatcausesAlDS.TherelationshipsthatIhavehadwiththesespecialkidshavebeengiftsinmylife.Theyhavetaughtmesomanythings,butIhaveespeciallylearnedthatgreatcouragecanbefoundinthesmallestofpackages.LetmetellyouaboutTyler.TylerwasborninfectedwithHIV:hismotherwasalsoinfected.Fromtheverybeginningofhislife,hewasdependentonmedications（药物）toenablehimtosurvive.Whenhewasfive,hehadatubeinserted（插入）inavein（静脉）inhischest.Thistubewasconnectedtoapump,whichhecarriedinasmallbackpackonhisback.Medicationswerelinkedtothispumpandcontinuouslysuppliedthroughthistubetohisbloodstream.Attimes,healsoneededsupplemented（补充的）oxygentosupporthisbreathing.Tylerwasn’twillingtogiveuponesinglemomentofhischildhoodtothisdeadlydisease.Itwasnotunusualtofindhimplayingandracingaroundhisbackyard,wearinghismedicine-ladenbackpackanddragginghistankofoxygenbehindhiminhislittlewagon.AllofuswhoknewTylerwereamazedathispurejoyinbeingaliveandtheenergyitgavehim.Tyler’smomoftenteasedhimbytellinghimthathemovedsofastthatsheneededtodresshiminred.Thatway,whenshepeeredthroughthewindowtocheckonhimplayingintheyard,shecouldquicklyspothim.ThisdreadeddiseaseeventuallyworedowneventhelikesofalittledynamolikeTyler.Hegrewquiteilland,unfortunately,sodidhisHIV-infectedmother.Whenitbecameapparentthathewasn’tgoingtosurvive,Tyler’smomtalkedtohimaboutdeath.ShecomfortedhimbytellingTylerthatshewasdyingtoo,andthatshewouldbewithhimsooninheaven.Afewdaysbeforehisdeath,Tylercalledmeovertohishospitalbedandwhispered,“mightdiesoon.I’mnotscared.WhenIdie,pleasedressmeinred.Mompromisedshe’scomingtoheaven,too.I’llbeplayingwhenshegetsthere,andIwanttomakesureshecanfindme.”24.Tylerhadtowearhisbackpacksothat________.A.hismothercouldrecognizehiminthecrowdB.oxygencouldbeprovidedtosupporthisbreathingC.hecouldcarryhisfavouritetoyswhereverhewentD.itspumpcouldsupplymedicationstohisbloodstream25.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.TylerwasveryafraidofdyingsosoonB.TylergaveupthechancetoenjoyhischildhoodC.TylertriedtoenjoyhislifethoughbeingbadlyillD.Tylercouldn’tmovefreelywithhismedicine-ladenbackpack26.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatTyleris________.A.courageousandoptimistic B.confidentandenergeticC.enthusiasticandadventurous D.ambitiousandpassionate27.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Giftsinmylife B.DressmeinredC.Nevergiveup D.LivewithHIV【24~27题答案】【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作为一名教育工作者和卫生保健提供者，我与许多感染了艾滋病儿童一起工作，他们教会了我很多东西，重点讲述了泰勒的故事，让我明白了勇气与乐观。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Thistubewasconnectedtoapump,whichhecarriedinasmallbackpackonhisback.Medicationswerelinkedtothispumpandcontinuouslysuppliedthroughthistubetohisbloodstream.”（这根管子连接着一个泵，他把泵装在背上的一个小背包里。药物被连接在这个泵上，并通过这个管道持续输送到他的血液中。）可知，泰勒不得不背包的原因是它的泵可以为他的血液提供药物（itspumpcouldsupplymedicationstohisbloodstream）。故选D项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Tylerwasn’twillingtogiveuponesinglemomentofhischildhoodtothisdeadlydisease.Itwasnotunusualtofindhimplayingandracingaroundhisbackyard,wearinghismedicine-ladenbackpackanddragginghistankofoxygenbehindhiminhislittlewagon.AllofuswhoknewTylerwereamazedathispurejoyinbeingaliveandtheenergyitgavehim.”（泰勒不愿意让这种致命的疾病夺走他童年的任何一分一秒。经常可以看到他背着装满药物的背包，用小马车拖着氧气罐在后院玩耍和比赛。我们所有认识泰勒的人都惊讶于他活着时的纯粹快乐和快乐给他的能量。）可知，尽管泰勒病得很重，但仍然努力享受生活（Tylertriedtoenjoyhislifethoughbeingbadlyill）。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“I’mnotscared.WhenIdie,pleasedressmeinred.Mompromisedshe’scomingtoheaven,too.I’llbeplayingwhenshegetsthere,andIwanttomakesureshecanfindme.”（我不害怕。我死后，请给我穿上红色的衣服。妈妈说她也会去天堂的。她来的时候我正在玩，我想确保她能找到我。）可知，泰勒是一个面对死亡毫不畏惧，且非常乐观的人（courageousandoptimistic）。故选A项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段中“Tyler’smomoftenteasedhimbytellinghimthathemovedsofastthatsheneededtodresshiminred.”（泰勒的妈妈经常取笑他，说他动作太快了，她得给他穿上红色衣服。）以及最后一段中“WhenIdie,pleasedressmeinred.”（我死后，请给我穿上红色的衣服。）结合全文可知，文章围绕艾滋病患者泰勒展开，他玩耍时总穿红色的衣服（Dressmeinred）。故选B项。CWhyDoesWalkingthroughDoorwaysMakeUsForget?We’vealldoneit.Runupstairstogetyourkeys,butforgetthatitisthemyou’relookingforonceyougettothebedroom.Openthefridgedoorandreachforthemiddleshelfonlytorealizethatwecan’trememberwhyweopenedthefridgeinthefirstplace.Wecanunderstandthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessmaybemorethanjustanannoyance.Althoughtheseerrorscanbeembarrassing,theyarealsocommon.It’sknownasthe“DoorwayEffect”,anditshowssomeimportantfeaturesofhowourmindsareorganized.Understandingthismighthelpusacceptthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessasmorethanjustanannoyance.TheDoorwayEffectoccurswhenourattentionmovesbetweenlevels,anditreflectsthetrustinourmemories—evenmemoriesforwhatwewereabouttodo—ontheenvironmentwe’rein.Imaginethatwe’regoingupstairstogetourkeysandforgetthatitisthekeyswecameforassoonasweenterthebedroom.Psychologically,whathashappenedisthattheplan（“Keys!”）hasbeenforgotteneveninthemiddleofcarryingoutanecessarypartofthestrategy（“Gotobedroom!”）.Probablytheplanitselfispartofalargerplan（“Getreadytoleavethehouse!”）,whichispartofplansonawiderandwiderfield（“Gotowork!”,“Keepmyjob!”,“Beaproductiveandresponsiblecitizen”,orwhatever）.Eachfieldrequiresattentionatsomepoint.Somewhereincontrollingthecomplexlevels,theneedforkeyssuddenlycomesintomind.Ourmemories,evenforourgoals,areplantedinwebsofconnections.Thatcanbethephysicalenvironmentinwhichweformthem,whichiswhyrevisitingourchildhoodhomecanbringbackafloodofpreviouslyforgottenmemories,oritcanbethementalenvironment—thesetofthingswewerejustthinkingaboutwhenthatthingsuddenlycomesintomind.TheDoorwayEffectoccursbecause

wechangeboththephysicalandmentalenvironments,movingtoadifferentroomandthinkingaboutdifferentthings.Thathurriedlythought-upgoal,whichwasprobablyonlyoneplateamongthemanywe’retryingtospin（旋转）,getsforgottenwhenthecontextchanges.28.Themainpurposeofthefirstparagraphis_________.A.topresentdailyfactsBtointroducethetopicC.toremindusofourweakmemoryD.tocallattentiontothedangerofforgetfulness29.Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulness?A.Theycanbeunderstoodandaccepted.B.Theyareimportantfeaturesofourminds.C.Theyshowthatourmindsareoutoforder.D.Theyareembarrassingandshouldbeavoided.30.Whichofthefollowingmemorieswasformedinthephysicalenvironment?A.Atoyhelpsyourememberachildhoodfriend.B.Whenyousingasong,youthinkofaformerclassmate.C.Youareplayingbasketballwhenyourememberyourhomework.D.Whilevisitingyourprimaryschool,yourecallaforgottenmemory.31.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.Byprovidingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bylistingstudyfindings.【28~31题答案】【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.B【解析】【导语】本文一篇说明文，分析了为什么我们会经历短暂性健忘。【28题详解】推理判断题。第一段“We’vealldoneit.Runupstairstogetyourkeys,butforgetthatitisthemyou’relookingforonceyougettothebedroom.Openthefridgedoorandreachforthemiddleshelfonlytorealizethatwecan’trememberwhyweopenedthefridgeinthefirstplace.”（我们都有过这样的经历：跑上楼去拿你的钥匙，但一旦你到了卧室，就忘了你要找钥匙。打开冰箱门，手伸向中间的架子时，才发现自己已经不记得当初为什么要打开冰箱门了。）列举了短暂健忘的现象，再结合第二段“It’sknownasthe‘DoorwayEffect’,anditshowssomeimportantfeaturesofhowourmindsareorganized.Understandingthismighthelpusacceptthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessasmorethanjustanannoyance.”（这就是所谓的门口效应，它展示了我们大脑组织的一些重要特征。理解这一点可能会帮助我们接受这些短暂的健忘，而不仅仅是一种烦恼。）可知，第一段的目的是引出“为什么我们会经历短暂性健忘”这一主题，故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’sknownasthe‘DoorwayEffect’,anditshowssomeimportantfeaturesofhowourmindsareorganized.Understandingthismighthelpusacceptthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessasmorethanjustanannoyance.”（这就是所谓的门口效应，它展示了我们大脑组织的一些重要特征。理解这一点可能会帮助我们接受这些短暂的健忘，而不仅仅是一种烦恼。）可知，短暂性健忘是可以被理解和接受的，故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thatcanbethephysicalenvironmentinwhichweformthem,whichiswhyrevisitingourchildhoodhomecanbringbackafloodofpreviouslyforgottenmemories”（这可能是我们形成它们的物理环境，这就是为什么重游童年的家可以带回大量以前被遗忘的记忆）可知，在一个屋里环境里我们的记忆可以让我们回想起过去经历过的、看过的，结合选项，当到小学校园时，回想起以往的过去，就属于物理记忆，故选D。31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“We’vealldoneit.Runupstairstogetyourkeys,butforgetthatitisthemyou’relookingforonceyougettothebedroom.Openthefridgedoorandreachforthemiddleshelfonlytorealizethatwecan’trememberwhyweopenedthefridgeinthefirstplace.”（我们都有过这样的经历：跑上楼去拿你的钥匙，但一旦你到了卧室，就忘了你要找钥匙。打开冰箱门，手伸向中间的架子时，才发现自己已经不记得当初为什么要打开冰箱门了。）可知，文章以举例的方式介绍了我们在生活中可能出现的短暂性健忘这一问题，它可能出现在工作、学习以及生活的方方面面，故选B。DLastfall,Ihappenedtooverhearastudenttellingtheothershehaddecidednottosignupforanintroductoryphilosophycourse.Thedemandsofhismajor,hesaidseriously,meantheneededtotake“practical”courses,and“enlightenment”wouldsimplyhavetowait.Fornow,employabilitywasthemostimportant.Thestudents’conversationfitsintoalargeralarmingstatementabouttheroleofthehumanitiesinhighereducation.Inatimeofdizzying（使人晕眩的）technologicalachievementandofrapidscientificinnovation,sceptics（怀疑论者）ofthehumanitiesmayquestiontheusefulnessofstudyingAristotle,theItalianRenaissanceorChinesefiction.Actually,Iregretnotinterruptingthatstudenttoarguefortakingthatintroductoryphilosophycourse.Iwouldhavestartedbyremindinghimthat,formuchofAmerica’shistory,collegegraduateswerenotconsideredtrulyeducatedunlesstheyhadmasteredphilosophy,literature,politicaltheoryandhistory.Thekeyroleofhighereducationwastoinvitestudentsintotheconversationsaboutmatterslikewhatitmeanstobealiveandthedefinitionofjustice.Fosteringengagementwiththesesubjectsisstillanessentialpartoftheuniversity’sfunctioninsociety.Iwouldhavealsomentionedtothestudentthathewasmisinformedaboutthejobmarket.Itistruethatmanyemployersarelookingforgraduateswithspecializedtechnicalskills,buttheyalsolookforothercapabilities.Astheworldistransformedbyartificialintelligence,machinelearningandautomation,theuniquehumanqualitiesofcreativity,imaginationandmoralreasoningwillbetheultimatecoinoftherealm.Alltheseskillsaredevelopedinhumanitiescourses.Further,Iwouldhavearguedthatwhileadegreeinthesciencesisanimportantpreconditionformanyjobs,itisnottheonlyroute.LooknofurtherthanthefoundersofcompaniessuchasLinkedIn,SlackandFlickr,whoareamongthemanytechbusinesspersonswithdegreesinthehumanities,andwhocreditthattrainingfortheirsuccess.Contrarytothewidelyheldbeliefthathumanitiesmajorshaveahardtimegettingjobs,recentstudiesshowthatthosewithhumanitiesdegreesaresuccessfulintheworkplace,experiencinglowratesofunemploymentandreportinghighlevelsofjobsatisfaction.Thecaseforthehumanitiescanalsobeunderstoodasafoundationalpreparationforalifewelllived.Ahumanitieseducationplaysavitalroleinencouragingcitizenstoleadanexaminedlife.Itfosterscriticalthinking,self-reflection,empathyandtolerance,theusefulnessofwhichonlybecomesmoreapparentasonenavigateslife’schallenges.Byallmeans,studentsshouldtakecoursestheythinkpracticalandfollowtheirinterests,butiftheyalsomakeapointofstudyingtheliteratureoftheRenaissance,orresearchingintomodernpoetry,oreventakingintroductoryphilosophy,wewillallbenefit.32.Whatdothestudents’conversationshow?A.Studentsfeelemploymentdifficult.B.Studentsthinkphilosophylessimportant.C.Studentsfindscientificinnovationamazing.DStudentsconsideruniversitycoursesunsatisfying.33.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph4probablymean?A.Highlyvalued. B.Equallyapplied.C.Strictlyassessed. D.Greatlyimproved.34.Theauthormayagreethathumanities________.A.raiseawarenessofsocialidentityB.discoverstudents’artisticabilityC.preparestudentsforgraduationD.providegreatinsightsintolife【32~34题答案】【答案】32.B33.A34.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者就“哲学课程是否没那么重要”展开了论述，提出自己的看法和论证依据。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thedemandsofhismajor,hesaidseriously,meantheneededtotake“practical”courses,and“enlightenment”wouldsimplyhavetowait.Fornow,employabilitywasthemostimportant.（他严肃地说，他的专业要求意味着他需要学习“实践”课程，而“启蒙”只能等一等。就目前而言，就业能力是最重要的。）”可知，学生的对话显示出学生认为哲学不那么重要，故选B。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Itistruethatmanyemployersarelookingforgraduateswithspecializedtechnicalskills,buttheyalsolookforothercapabilities.Astheworldistransformedbyartificialintelligence,machinelearningandautomation,theuniquehumanqualitiesofcreativity,imaginationandmoralreasoningwillbe...（诚然，许多雇主正在寻找具有专业技术技能的毕业生，但他们也在寻找其他能力。随着人工智能、机器学习和自动化对世界的改造，人类独特的创造力、想象力和道德推理能力将……）”可知，人类独特的创造力、想象力和道德推理能力都是在人文学科课程中培养出来的，这些才是真正有价值的，结合选项A.Highly valued很有价值的；B.Equally applied同样适用的；C.Strictly assessed严格评估的；D.Greatly improved大大提高的，故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Itfosterscriticalthinking,self-reflection,empathyandtolerance,theusefulnessofwhichonlybecomesmoreapparentasonenavigateslife’schallenges.（它培养批判性思维、自我反省、同理心和宽容，只有当一个人面对生活的挑战时，它的有用性才会变得更加明显。）”可知，作者认为人们科学培养批判性思维、自我反省、同理心和宽容，只有当一个人应对生活中的挑战时，这些品质的作用才会变得更加明显。故人文科学提供了对生活的深刻见解，故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatIThinkofBoxingasaSportBoxingisapopularsport.Newspapers,magazinesandsportsprogrammesonTVfrequentlycoverboxingmatches.Itcouldbethetoughestofallsportstosurvive.Ittakesboxershoursinthegymandyearstodevelopthespecificcharacteristicsneededtobeagreatboxer.___35___Itseemstomethatsomepeople,especiallymen,finditappealingbecauseitisanaggressivesport.Whentheywatchaboxingmatch,theycanidentifywiththewinningboxer.Thisgivesthemthefeelingofbeingawinnerthemselves.___36___Theydothatbecausetheboxercomesfromtheirowncountry,andif“their”boxerloses,theyoftenfeelasiftheyhavelostafightthemselves.Itisafactthatmanypeoplehavefeelingsofaggressionfromtimetotime,buttheycannotshowtheiraggressionintheireverydaylives.Watchingaboxingmatchgivesthemawayofexpressingit．___37___Althoughboxerswearglovesduringthefights,andamateurboxersevenhavetowearhelmets,akindofstronghardhat,therehavefrequentlybeenaccidentsinbothprofessionalandamateurboxing,sometimeswithdramaticconsequences.Boxershavesufferedfromheadinjuries,and,occasionally,fightershaveevenbeenkilledasaresultofbeingknockedoutinthering.___38___Theyareusuallyintheformofseriousbraindamage,evenifaboxerhasneverbeenknockedout.Toconclude,Iampersonallynotatallinfavorofaggressivesportslikeboxing．___39___Wecancelebratemoremenandwomenfromnon-aggressivesportsasourheroesinoursociety.Ibelievethattheworldisaggressiveenoughalready!Ofcourse,peoplelikecompetitivesports,andsodoI,butIthinkthathittingotherpeopleinanaggressivewayisnotsomethingthatshouldberegardedasasport．A.However,boxingcanbeaverydangeroussport.B.Sometimesfansarerootingforaparticularboxer.C.Inboxing,fightersarerequiredtohitamovingtarget.D.Manyfansaredrawntothesportbecausetheylovethecompetition.E.Perhapsthatisthereasonwhysuccessfulboxersaretreatedasbigheroes.