2023届河南省五市高三第二次联考（二模）英语试题（解析版）

2023年河南省五市高三第二次联考

英语

考生注意：

L答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴

在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在

本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第I卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?

A.Inthestreet.B.Inapostoffice.C.Infrontof（heTVstation.

2.Whatisthemostprobableresultofthisconversation?

A.Thewomansatbetweenthemanandhisfriend.

B.Thewomansattogetherwithherfriend.

C.Themansattogetherwithhisfriend.

3.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.She'snotverygoodathistory.

B.Shehasn'tpassedthephysicsexam.

CShedoesn'tliketoseeothershappy.

4.Whatistheweatherlikenow?

A.Warmandsunny.B.Sunnybutcold.C.Windyandcloudy.

5.Whyisthebackdoorleftopen?

A.Timandthedogareoutside.

B.Thetwospeakersarcgoingtobed.

C.Thewomantellsthemantoleaveitopen.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6s7题。

Wlierewillthemanspendthewinterholiday?

A.In(heStates.B.InAustria.C.InAustralia.

7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?

A.Shewillhave(heholidaywiththeman.

B.Shehasalreadyappliedforapart-timejob.

C.ShewillvisittheundergroundCatholicchurches.

听第7段材料，问答第Rs1。题.

8.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Travelexpenses.B.Acomingconcert.C.Atravelexperience.

9.WhatwillMaryprobablyhavetodo?

A.Actasdirector.

B.Leaveforvacation.

C.Takechargeoffund—raising.

10.WhywillMaryprobablybecallingthechoirmembers?

AToaskforaloan.

B.Toaskfortheirhelp.

C.Totellthemtheconcertschedule.

听第8段材料，回答第11-13题。

11.Wheredidthemansectheadvertisement?

A.OnTV.B.OntheInternet.C.Inthenewspaper.

12.Whichflatisthemaninterestedin?

A.Thethree—bedroomone.

B.Thetwo—bedroomone.

C.Theone—bedroomone.

13.Whatdoweknowabouttheflat?

A.Thereisnoplaceforparking.

B.Itsrentincludesgas,heatandelectricity.

C.Ithasalivingroom,akitchenandadiningroom.

听第9段材料，回答第14sl6题。

14.Whatis(heprobablyrelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Doctorandpatient.

B.Managerandsecretary.

C.Shopassistantandcustomer.

15.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.Sheisrunningahightemperature.

B.Sheishavingatooihache.

C.Sheishavingasorethroat.

16.Whatdoes(hemanadvise(hewomantodo?

A.Takesomepillsonceaday.

B.Takeagoodrestforacoupleofdays.

C.Drinkplentyofwaterandhavefriedfood.

听第10段材料，回答第17s20题。

17.Whatarctheytalkingabout?

A.Whethertheyshouldgoforaholiday.

B.Wheretheyshouldgofortheholiday.

C.Howtheycouldsavemoneyfortheholiday.

18.Whydoesn'tthemanwanttogotoFlorida?

A.Itistoofar.

B.ItiswarmerthanSheffield.

C.ItiscolderthanSheffield.

19.Wheredocsthemanwanttogofortheholiday?

A.Sheffield.B.Hawaii.C.WalesorScotland.

20.Whichcountryareprobablythe:wospeakersfrom?

A.America.B.England.C.China.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该预涂黑。

A

Whatdoateacher,ajournalist,anartist,apilotandamathematicsprofessorhaveincommon?Theyall

becamefamousBritishchildreifswriters.

EnidBlyton

TheteacherwasEnidBlytonandshestartedwritinginhersparetime.Herstorieswereoftenabcutagroupof

children,andadog,whovisitedadifferentpartofthecountryineachbookandhadanadventureorsolvea

mysteiy—TheFamousFiveandTheSecretSeven.

AAMilne

ThejournalistAAMilnebccairefamousforwritingjusttwobooks,thefirstcalledWinnie-the-Pooh.There

wasonlyonechildinhisstories,whowasactuallybasedonhisson,ChristopherRobin,beforehewenttoschool.

Theother"people''wereeitheranimalsortoys.

BeatrixPotter

ArtistBeatrixPotterwroteherbooksabouttheanimalsshesawnearhercountryhomeandshealsodrewall

thepicturesforthestories.Shegavetheanimalsnames,andwiththefirstbook.TheTaleofPeterRabbit,shehad

theideaofsellingadollandagametoo.

RoaldDahl

RoaldDahlwroteabouthisadventuresasapilot,buthismostpopularstorieshappenedtoaboyorgirlwho

methorriblechildrenandadults,orstrangeanimals.Dahloftengavehischaractersfunnynames,likeAugustus

GlcopinCharlieandtheChocolateFactory.

LewisCarroll

Butthemathsprofessorwrotethestrangeststoriesofall.LewisCarroll'stwobooksarcaboutagirlcalled

Alicewhomeetsunusualanimalsandpeopleinadreamworld.Adultsenjoythebooksasmuchaschildren,

perhapsbecauseCarrolllovedtoplaywiththemeaningsofwords.Anoriginalcopyofthefirstbooksoldfor$1.5

millionacenturyafteritwasfirstpublished.

1.WhatwasEnidBlytondoingwhenshebeganherwritingcareer?

A.Shewaslookingafteradog.

B.Shewaslivingindifferentpartsofthecountry.

C.Shewasworkinginaschool.

D.Shewashavinganadventure.

2.WhichsentenceisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.BeatrixPotterbasedhercharactersonlocalwildlife.

B.ThecharactersinRoaldDahl'sbooksoftenhadfunnynames.

C.LewisCarroll'sfirstAlicebookwasfirstsoldfbrS1.5millionwhenpublished.

D.OnlyonecharacterinAAMilne'sstorieswasaperson.

3.Whichwritermaybethefavoriteforadults?

A.EnidBlyton.B.BeatrixPotter.C.AAMilne.D.LewisCarroll.

【答案】l.C2.C3.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几位英国著名的儿童作家。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据EnidBlyton部分中的“TheteacherwasEnidBlytonandshestartedwritinginherspare

time.（EnidBlyton是位老师，她在业余时间开始写作）”可知，在EnidBlyton开始写作生涯时，她在学校教

书。故选Co

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据LewisCanoll部分中的“Anoriginalcopyofthefirstbooksoldfor$1.5millionacentury

afteritwasfirstpublished.（第一本书的原版在出版一个世纪后以150万美元的价格售出）”可知，C项

“LewisCairoll的第一本爱丽丝小说出版后首次以150万美元的价格售出。”与原文描述不符，故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据LewisCarroll部分中的“Adultsenjoythebooksasmuchaschildren,perhapsbecause

Carrolllovedtoplaywiththemeaningsofwords.（大人和孩子一样喜欢看这些书，也许是因为卡罗尔喜欢玩弄

文字的含义）”可知，成年人最喜欢LewisCarroll写的书。故选D。

B

Hawkingwasperhapsthemostfamousscientistintheworld.ButhumorwasalwaysabigpartofHawking's

efforttobringphysicstothemasses.Inhis2010book.TheGrandDesign,forinstance,hedescribeshow,in1277,

theCatholicChurchdeclaredscientificlawssuchasgravitytobewrong,sincetheyseemedagainstGod'sidea.

^Interestingly,thetextaddspuckishly,“Pope（教皇）Johnwaskillecbytheeffectsofthelawofgravityafew

monthslaterwhentheroofofhispalacefellinonhim.”

Hawkingwasonly21whenhewasdiagnosedwiththedegenerativemotorneurondisease-ALS（肌萎缩侧

索硬化）.Formostpeople,theconditionwouldhavebeenadisaster.ButHawkingrolledoveradversity（困境）asif

itwerejustarockunderhiswheelchair.t€Lifewouldbetragic/'heoncesaid,“ifitweren'tfunny.^^

SoHawkingcrackedjokes.TherewasthetimewhentalkshowhostJohnOliveraskedhimaboutparallel

universes.tlDoesthatmeanthereisauniverseouttherewhereIainsmarterthanyou?”Oliverquipped.Hawking's

dryreply:"Yes.Andalsoauniversewhereyou'refunny.^^Hawkinglikedphysicalhumortoo.Hereportedly

enjoyedwheelinghischairoverthefeetofpeoplewhoannoyedhim,includingPrinceCharles.t€Amalicious

rumor,“Hawkingsaid."I'llrunoveranyonewhorepeatsit.”

Hawking'sgreatesthit,humor-wise,wasprobablythecocktailpartyhethrewin2009.Itwasa“welcome

receptionfbrfiituretimetravelersJhesaid,sonaturallyhesentouttheinvitationsthedayaftertheparty.Noone

showedupyet."Maybeonedaysomeonelivinginthefuturewillfindtheinformationanduseawormholelime

machinetocomebacktomyparty.”Hawkingexplained.Afterall.henevermissedachancetohavefun.

4.WhydidHawkingmentionPopeJohninhisbookTheGrandDesign?

A.HawkinghadgreatdoubtsaboutthepowerofGod.

B.HawkingwashappythatPopeJohngotthepunishmenthedeserved.

C.PopeJohnwasinfavorofthelawofgravity.

D.Hawkingwantedtoshowphysicstothemassesinahumorousmanner.

5.What'sHawking,sattitudetowarcshisadversityinlife?

A.Indifferent.B.Positive.C.Ambiguous.D.Confused.

6.WhydidnobodyshowupatthecocktailpartyheldbyHawking?

A.Peopleshowednointerestinfuturetimetravel.

B.Hawkingdelayedhandingouttheinvitations.

CThewormholetimemachinebrokedownhalfway.

D.Hawkingmistookthedateofthepartyforhispoormemory.

7.WhatcanweinferaboutHawkingfromthepassage?

A.Hawkingshowedhiscleardislikeofannoyingpeople.

B.Hawkingwasmoreacomedianthanaphysicist,

C.Hawkingwasimpoliteforwheelinghischairoverpeople'sfeet.

D.Hawkingheldapartythatnobodywantedtoattend.

【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述物理学家霍金表现出来的幽默感。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第•段”Hawkingwasperhapsthemostfamousscientistintheworld.Buthumorwasalways

abigpartofHawking'seflbrttobringphysicstothemasses.Inhis2010book,TheGrandDesign,forinstance,he

describeshow,in1277,theCatholicChurchdeclaredscientificlawssuchasgravitytobewrong,sincethey

seemedagainstGod'sidea.^Interestingly,Mthetextaddspuckishly,“Pope（教皇）Johnwaskilledbytheeffectsof

thelawofgravityafewmonthslaterwhentheroofofhispalacefellinonhim.''（霍金也许是世界上最著名的科

学家。但幽默一直是霍金将物理学带给大众的努力的重要组成部分。例如，在他2010年出版的《大设

计》一书中，他描述了1277年，天主教会如何宣布重力等科学定律是错误的，因为它们似乎违背了上帝

的想法。“有趣的是，”文本顽皮地补充道，“教皇约翰在几个月后被重力定律的影响杀死，当时他的宫

殿屋顶掉到了他身上。“）”可知，霍金在《大设计》--书里提到教皇约翰，是想以幽默的方式向大众展示

物理学。故选D。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段MFormostpeople,theconditionwouldhavebeenadisaster.ButHawkingrolledover

adversity（困境）asifitwerejustarockunderhiswheelchair.uLifewouldbetragic,“heoncesaid,uifitweren't

funny.”（对大多数人来说，这种情况将是一场灾难。但霍金克服了逆境，就好像这只是他轮椅下的一块石

头。”如果无趣的话，生活将是悲惨的，”他曾说。）”可知，霍金面对逆境时是积极的态度。故选B。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hawking'sgreatesthit,humor一wise,wasprobablythecocktailpartyhethrewin

20C9.Itwasa"welcomereceptionforfuturetimetravelers,"hesaid,sonaturallyhesentouttheinvitationstheday

after（heparty.Nooneshowedupyet.（霍金最受欢迎的幽默可能是他在2009年举办的鸡尾酒会。他说，这是

“对未来时间旅行者的欢迎招待会”，所以他很自然地在派对的第二天发出了邀请。然而，没有人出

现。）”可知，没杓人出现在他的鸡尾酒会是因为他的邀请发出的晚了。故选B。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Hereportedlyenjoyedwheelinghischairoverthefeetofpeoplewhoannoyedhim,

includingPrinceCharles.44Amaliciousrumor,MHawkingsaid.'THrunoveranyonewhorepeatsit."（据报道,他

喜欢把椅子推到惹恼他的人的脚上，其中包括查尔斯王子。”一个恶意的谣言，”霍金说。“我会碾压任

何重复它的人。可知，霍金对惹人讨厌的人展现明显的不喜欢。故选A。

c

Fullyautonomouscarsmaynotbethatfarawayasmorevehiclescapableofhighlevelsofdrivingautomation

taketotheroadsthankstoadvancesinakeytechnologycalledLiDAR.Itisasensortechnologythatdetects

objectsandmapstheirdistancessoitcancreateamapoftheenvironmentaroundit.Thetechnologypromisesto

makedrivingsaferandsmarter,andmassproductionmaystartinthenearfuture.

HondaandBMWandsomeotherautomotivecompanieshaveannouncedtheimminentavailabilityofwhat

theycallaLevel3option.Level4meanshighdrivingautomation,andLevel5isfullyautomateddriving.LiDAR

makesIhalpossible,andChineseLi-DARtechnologiesdominatetheglobalmarket.Hesai,amajorLiDAR

company,debuteditslatestfullysolid—stateLiDARproduct,FT120,atthetechnologyshowintheNevadacity.

Toaccommodate(hechallengesthatautonomousvehiclesfacewithintheirperceptionsystem,Hesaihasdeveloped

theFT120fornear—rangeblind-spotcoverage.Designedasablind—spotdetectionsensorforAdvanced

DriverAssistanceSystems,theFT120helpsvehiclesaccuratelyidentifysmallobjectswhile(uming,passingand

parking,andimprovesoveralldrivingsafetyintoughscenarios.

ComparedwithcamerasLiDARprovidesbelterperceptioncapabilitiesandthereforemoresafetytodrivers,

saidSuYu,Hesai'smarketingdirector.4Torinstance,camerasareaffectedbylightanddonotworkwellatnight,

butLiDARdoesdependonlight."Hesaisaysthat,togetherwithitslong-rangehybridsolid-stateLiDARAT128,

thetwosensorsformacompleteautomotivegradeLiDARperceptionsolution.Asofnow,thecompanyhas

receivedpreordersoftheFT120with1millionunitsfromtopautomotiveOEMsandwillbegindeliveriesinthe

secondhalfof2023.

8.WhatcanwelearnaboutLiDARfromthepassage?

A.Itcanbeusedtocreatemapsabouttheworld.

B.Itcanavoidobjectsandmaptheroadenvironment.

C.Itguaranteesthesafetyofcar—makingprocess.

D.Themassproductionmaybearoundthecorner.

9Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph2referto?

A.Automateddriving.B.LiDARtechnologies.

C.Globalmarketdomination.D.TheoptionofdifferentLevels.

10.Whydoestheauthormentioncamerasinthelastparagraph?

A.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.

B.Tointroducetheworkingprincipleofcameras.

C.TohighlighttheadvantagesofLiDAR.

D.TostresshispreferenceforLiDAR.

11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LiDARMakesFullyAutomatedDrivingaPossibility

B.HesaiDominatestheGlobalMarket

C.ThePromisingFutureofFullyAutomatedDrivingIsSeenNow

D.MoreCompaniesAreDevelopingLiDARTechnologies

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为激光雷达的关键技术的进步有可能会使全自动驾驶汽车不

再那么遥远。

【8题详解】

细节理解题o根据第•段”Thetechnologypromisestomakedrivingsaferandsmarter,andmassproduction

maystartinthenearfuturc.（这项技术有望使驾驶变得更安全、更智能，并可能在不久的将来开始大规模生

产）”可知，LiDAR的大规模生产可能指日可待，故选D项。

【9题详解】

词句猜测题。根据上文“Level5isfullyautomateddriving.LiDARmakesthatpossible,andChineseLi-DAR

technologiesdominatetheglobalmarkct.（第5级是全自动驾驶。激光雷达使这成为可能，而中国的激光雷达

技术主导着全球市场）”可知，第二段中划线同that指代的是全自动驾驶，即激光雷达使全自动驾驶成为可

能。故选A项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段ComparedwithcamerasLiDARprovidesbetterperceptioncapabilitiesand

thereforemoresafetytodrivers,saidSuYu,Hesai'smarketingdirector."Forinstance,camerasareaffectedby

lightanddonotworkwellatnight,butLiDARdoesdependonlight."（和赛的市场总监苏宇说,与摄像头相

比，激光雷达提供了更好的感知能力，因此对驾驶员来说更安全。“例如，相机会受到光线的影响，在晚

上不能很好地工作，但激光雷达确实依赖光线）”推知，最后一段提到摄像头的目的是强调激光雷达的优

势，故选C项。

[11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thetechnologypromisestomakedrivingsaferandsmarter,andmassproduction

maystartinthenearfulure.（这项技术有望使驾驶变得更安全、更智能，并可能在不久的将来开始大规模生

产）”、第二段“Level5isfullyautomateddriving.LiDARmakesihatpossible（第5级是全自动驾驶。激光雷

达使这成为可能）”以及最后一段“Asofnow,thecompanyhasreceivedpreordersoftheFT120with1million

unitsfromtopautomotiveOEMsandwillbegindeliveriesinthesecondhalfof2023.（截至目前,该公司已收到

来自顶级汽车原始设备制造商的100万辆FT120的预购，并将于2023年下半年开始交付）”可知，文章介

绍了一种名为激光雷达的关键技术的进步有可能会使全自动驾驶汽车不再那么遥远。A项"LiDARMakes

FullyAutomatedDrivingaPossibility（激光雷达使全自动驾驶成为可能）”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A

项。

D

Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustasmallamountoflightmayhavenegativeeffectson

health.

Thesmall,20—personstudyconductedbyDr.PhyllisZee,directoroftheCenterforCircadian（生理节奏的）

andSleepMedicine,wasdesignedtomeasurethephysiologicaleffectsof100lux（照度）ofartificiallighton

healthyadultswhiletheyweresleeping.Forthestudy,alltheparticipantsspenttheirfirstnightsleepinginamostly

darkroom.Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinabetterlitroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthe

sleepers:brainwaves,heartratesandblood.Inthemorning,they,dgivebothgroupsalargeamountofsugartosee

howwelltheirsystemsrespondedtoit.

Thegroupexposedtothelighthadraisedheartratesthroughoutthenight,andalsohadtroublegettingtheir

bloodsugarintoanormalrange.

Thesechangessuggestasmallamountoflightwasenoughtoshiftthenervoussystemtoamoreexcitedand

alertstate."It'salmostlikethebrainandtheheartknewthatthelightswereon,althoughtheindividualwas

sleeping.,,saysZee.

Whilethefindingsofthisstudyalonecan't,predictwhatwouldhappeninthelongterm,Dr.Colwellsuspects

thehannfiileffectswouldbecumulative.t4Thiswasonlyonenight,soimagineifyouarclivingthatway

constantIy?^^

"That'sgoingtoincreasetheriskoflong——termdiseases/'saysDr.CharlesCzcislcrwhoseresearchhas

lookedattheconsequencesofcircadianrhythmsleepdisorderforlongerthanjustonenight.Heconcludedthatthe

unpleasanteffectswereprimarybecauseofthe''internalclock''beingdisturbed—notnecessarilybecauseofthe

lackofsleep.

Thisisnottosaythatthelackofsleepdoesn'talsohavenegativeeffectsonhealth'itdoes——buthesaysit

simplystressesthelastingconsequencesofbeingexposedtolightatnighttime.''Peoplethinkthataslongasthey

fallasleepandareunconscious,it'snothavingphysiologicaleffects,butthat'ssimplynottrue,“Czeislersays.

12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Thebackgroundofthestudy.B.Theresultofthestudy.

C.Theprocessofthestudy.D.Theevaluationofthestudy.

13.Whatcanweinferfromthenewresearch?

A.Lightplaysacriticalroleinregulatingcircadianrhythm.

B.Asmallamountoflightatnightislinkedwithsleepdepth.

C.Thelackofsleepleadstolong-termsleepdisorder.

D.Sleepingwithalittlebitoflightisn'tgoodfbryourhealth.

14.WhatisthesimilaritybetweenZee'sandCzeisler^viewsonthestudy?

A.Themoreyousleep,thehealthieryouwillbe.

B.Physiologicaleffectsexisteventhoughpeoplearesleepingwithlighton.

C.Sleepqualityliesinhowyoufeciaboutthesleepinspiteoflight.

D.Itisthecircadianrhythmsleepdisorderthatmatters.

15.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?

A.Ahealthquestionnaire.B.Asciencejournal.

C.Ahealthstory.D.Asciencefiction.

【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，晚上伴着少量的光睡觉可能会对健康产生负面影响。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段笫一句"Thesmall,20-personstudyconductedbyDr.PhyllisZee,directorofthe

CenterforCircadian（生理节奏的）andSleepMedicine,wasdesignedtomeasurethephysiologicaleffectsof100

lux（照度）ofartificiallightonhealthyadultswhiletheyweresleeping.（这项由昼夜节律和睡眠医学中心主任菲

利斯.泽伊博士进行的2。人小型研究旨在测量100勒克斯的人造光对健康成年人睡眠时的生埋影响。）”和

最后三句"Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinabetterlitroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthe

sleepers:brainwaves,heartratesandblood.Inthemorning,they,dgivebothgroupsalargeamountofsugartosee

howwelldieirsystemsrespondedtoil.（第二天晚上，他们中的一拉睡在光线更好的房间里。与此同时，研究

人员对睡眠者进行了测试：脑波、心率和血液。早上，他们会绐两组人大量糖，看看他们的系统对糖的反

应如何。）”可知，第二段主要是讲研究是怎么进行的。故选C。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustasmallamountoflightmay

havenegaliveeffectsonhealth.（新的研究表明，晚上伴着少量的光睡觉可能会对健康产生负面影响。）”可

知，新的研究表明晚上伴着少量的光睡觉对健康没有好处。故选D。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段""It'salmostlikethebrainandtheheartknewthatthelightswereon,although

theindividualwassleeping“saysZee.（“这几乎就像大脑和心脏知道灯亮着，尽管这个人正在睡觉。”Zee

说。）”和文章最后一段""Peoplethinkthataslongastheyfallasleepandarcunconscious,it'snothaving

physiologicaleffects,butthat'ssimplynottrue,“Czeislersays.（"人们认为只要他们睡着了,没有意识,就不

会有生理上的影响，但这根本不是真的，”切斯勒说。）”可推知，Zee和Czeisler观点相似之处在于他们

认为即使人们开着灯睡觉，生理效应仍然存在。故选B。

15题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第•段"Newresearchsuggeststhatonenighlofsleepwilhjuslasmallamountoflight

mayhavenegativeeffectsonhealth.（新的研究表明，晚上伴着少量的光睡觉可能会对健康产生负面影

响。）”可知，文章属于科普类的说明文，讲述了伴着灯光睡眠对健康的影响，由此可推知，文章有可能

出自一本科学杂志。故选B。

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Beinghappycanmeanmanydifferentthings.16Othertimes,it'smoreaboutbalance,calm,and

quietude.

17Theycanhelpyoubridgethegapbetweenthetimesyouare,say,havingfunwhilebeing

physicallyactiveoratasocialhourwithagroupoffriends.

Passivehappinessisanaturalcomplementtoactivehappiness.Bothstatesarefleeting,sowhenonefades,try

yourbesttoinvoketheother.Herearcafewwaysyoucantapintoyourpassivehappiness:

18Focusonthepresentmoment,actpurposefully,andallowyourinternalthoughtstoaccordwith

yourexternalenvironment.AccordingtoarecentstudypublishedinAdaPsychologicalmindfu1nesscanhelpease

emotionaldysregulation.

Begrateful.Taketimethroughoutthecourseofyourdaytoreflectonthethingsthataremostimportantto

you.Spendtimeinnature.19

Forgive.Letgoofthepast.Don'tharborresentmentorholdgrudges.OnestudypublishedintheJournalof

PersonalityandSocialPsychologyfoundthatforgivenessasopposedtorevenge,helpedrestorepeopledsenseof

humanityandbelongingness.20askyourselfwhatyourpersonalbarrierstoforgivenessareandtaketime

toreflectonhowremaininginanunforgivingstateisaffectingyouremotionalwell-being.

A.Practicemindfulness

B.Followyourinnerthought

C.Don'toverlookthese"passive“statesofhappiness

D.Whenyouloseyourtemperandcan'tcontrolyourself

E.Sometimes,it'saboutlaughter,love,movement,andpassion

F.Ifyoufindyourselfbeingreluctanttoforgivesomeonewhohashurtyou

G.Showappreciationforothersandbetrulythankfulwhenyoureceiveitback

【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.G20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了你获得被动幸福的一些方法。

【16题详解】

上文“Beinghappycanmeanmanydifferentthings.（快乐意味着许多不同的东西。）”指出快乐意味着许多不

同的东西。空处承接上文，具体描述这些东西是什么，E项“有时，它是关于笑声，爱，运动和激情”符

合,其中“Sometimes”和下文“Othertimes,”相呼应,E项和下文uOthertimes,it,smoreaboutbalance,

calm,andquietude.（其他时候，它更多的是关于平衡、平静和安解。）”构成并列关系，故选E。

【17题详解】

下文“Theycanhelpyoubridgethegapbetweenthetimesyouare,say,havingfunwhilebeingphysicallyactive

oratasocialhourwithagroupoffriends.（它们可以帮助你缩小时间差距，比如说，在身体活动的同时享受乐

趣，或者在社交时间和一群朋友在一起。）”和第三段讲的被动幸福可知，此处在介绍“它们”的好处，结

合上文第一段提出了不同的幸福状态可知，“它们”指的是不同的幸福状态，C项“不要忽视这些“被

动”的幸福状态”符合，下文具体解释了为什么不要忽视这些幸福状态，故选C。

【18题详解】

此处是本段中心句，即让你获得被动幸福的一个方法，由下文4iFocusonthepresentmoment,act

purposefully,andallowyourinternalthoughtstoaccordwithyourexternalenvironment.Accordingtoarecent

studypublishedinActaPsychologicalmindfulnesscanhelpeaseemotionaldysregulation.（专注于当下，有目的

地行动，让你的内在思想与你的外部环境相一致。根据最近发表在《学报》上的一项研究，心理正念可以

帮助缓解情绪失调。）”可知，本段主要介绍要练习正念，A项“练习正念”能概括本段内容，故选A。

【19题详解】

本段中心句“Begrateful.（要感恩）”可知，本段介绍获得被动幸福的一个办法是要感恩，G项“对他人表示

感激，当你收到回报时，要真心感激”符合本段中心，故选G。

【20题详解】

上文“OnestudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychologyfoundthatforgiveness,as

opposedtorevenge,helpedrestorepeopledsenseofhumanityandbelongingness（发表在《人格与社会心理学杂

志》上的一项研究发现，与复仇相反，宽恕有助于恢复人们的人性和归属感。）”指出研究表明宽恕他人有

好处，下文“askyourselfwhatyourpersonalbarrierstoforgivenessareandtake（imetoreflectonhow

remaininginanunforgivingstateisaffectingyouremotionalwell-being.（H问自己，你个人的宽恕障碍是什

么，花点时间反思一下，保持一种不宽容的状态是如何影响你的情绪健康的。）”指需在不愿意宽恕别人的

情况下，我们应该如何做，空处是下文的条件，F项“如果你发现自己不愿意原谅伤害过你的人”符合，

故诜Fo

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最

佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

WhenMrs.Kleintoldherfirstgraderstodrawapictureofsomethingforwhichtheywerethankful,she

thoughthow21thesechildren,wholivedinadeteriorating（正在恶化的）neighborhood,actuallyhadto

bethankfulfor.SinceitwasThanksgivingDay,she22thatmostoftheclasswoulddrawpicturesof

turkeysorofThanksgivingtableswithlotsoffood.Thatwaswhattheybelievedwasexpectedofthem.

WhattookMrs.KleinabackwasDouglas's23.Douglaswassolonelyandlikelytobefoundclose

inher24astheywentoutsideforbreak.Douglas'sdrawingwassimplythis:Ahand.25but

whosehand?Theclasswas26byhisimage.

“IthinkitmustbethehandofGodthatbringsusfood/7saidonestudent.

“Afarmer,Msaidanother,4tbec