高考英语一轮高考题组训练专题十一　细节理解

专题十一细节理解题Passage1(2017北京,B)Inspiringyoungminds!TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquebinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWMagazine?Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—insteaditisjampackedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakesplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbeeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy(哲学)—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.What’sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake—themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.Soundstoogoodtobetrue?Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandremendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear!Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepsingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope￡55RestofWorld￡65□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,aPassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope￡60RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.1.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A.Itentertainsyoungparents.B.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements.C.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions.D.Itbinesfunwithplexconcepts.2.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?A.Onlinecourses.B.Articlesonnewtopics.C.Lecturesonabalancedlife.D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12monthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A.￡55. B.￡60. C.￡65. D.￡70.4.SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget.

A.freebirthdaypresentsB.fullrefundwithin28daysC.membershipoftheTOKNOWclubD.chancestomeettheexpertsinpersonPassage2(2016北京,A)December15,2014DearAlfred,Iwanttotellyouhowimportantyourhelpistomylife.Growingup,IhadpeopletellingmeIwastooslow,though,withanIQof150+at17,I’manythingbutstupid.ThefactwasthatIwasfoundtohaveADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍).Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.However,whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbeeabsorbed.Inhighschool,Ibecamecuriousabouttheputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.Moreover,IpletedtheseniorcourseofputerBasics,plusfiverelevantprecollegecourses.WhileIwasexploringmycuriosity,mydiseasegotworse.Iwantedtogotocollegeafterhighschool,butcouldn’t.So,IwaskillingmytimeathomeuntilJune2012whenIdiscoveredtheonlineputercoursesofyourtrainingcenter.Sincethen,IhavetakencourseslikeDataScienceandAdvancedMathematics.Currently,I’mlearningyourProbabilitycourse.Ihavehundredsofprinterpaper,coveredinselfwrittennotesfromyourvideos.Thishasgivenmeapurpose.Lastyear,Ispentallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.Luckily,Idiscoveredthejob—DataAnalyst—thismonthandhavebeengoingfullsteamahead.IwanttoprovethatIcanteachmyselfarespectfulprofession,withoutgoingtocollege,andbejustasgoodas,ifnotbetterthan,mypetitors.Thankyou.You’vegivenmehopethatIcanfollowmyheart.Forthefirsttime,IfeelgoodaboutmyselfbecauseI’mdoingsomething,notbecausesomeonetoldmeIwasdoinggood.Ifeelwhole.Thisiswhyyou’resavingmylife.Yours,Tanis1.Whydidn’tTanisgotocollegeafterhighschool?A.Shehadlearnedenoughaboutputerscience.B.Shehadmoredifficultykeepingfocused.C.Shepreferredtakingonlinecourses.D.Shewastooslowtolearn.2.Asfortheworkingenvironment,Tanisprefers.

A.workingbyherselfB.dealingwiththepublicCpetingagainstothersD.stayingwithADHDstudents3.Taniswrotethisletterinorderto.

A.explainwhyshewasinterestedintheputerB.sharetheideasshehadforherprofessionC.showhowgratefulshewastothecenterD.describethecoursesshehadtakensofarPassage3(2015北京,A)TheBoyMadeIt!OneSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingatSugarloafMountaininMaine.Intheearlyafternoon,whenhewasplanningtogohome,afiercesnowstormsweptintothearea.Unabletoseefar,heaccidentallyturnedoffthepath.Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!Hedidn’thavefood,water,aphone,orothersupplies.Hewasgettingcolderbytheminute.Nicholashadnoideawherehewas.Hetriednottopanic.HethoughtaboutallofthesurvivalshowshehadwatchedonTV.Itwastimetoputthetipshehadlearnedtouse.Hedecidedtostopskiing.Therewasabetterchanceofsomeonefindinghimifhestayedput.Thefirstthinghedidwastofindshelterfromthefreezingwindandsnow.Ifhedidn’t,hisbodytemperaturewouldgetverylow,whichcouldquicklykillhim.Usinghisskis,Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself,likeablanket,tostayaswarmashecould.Bythatevening,Nicholaswasreallyhungry.Heatesnowanddrankwaterfromanearbystreamsothathisbodywouldn’tlosetoomuchwater.Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould—hehuddled(蜷缩)inhiscaveandslept.Thenextday,Nicholaswentouttolookforhelp,buthecouldn’tfindanyone.Hefollowedhistracksandreturnedtothesnowcave,becausewithoutshelter,hecoulddiethatnight.OnTuesday,Nicholaswentoutagaintofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.Aftertwodaysstuckinthesnow,Nicholaswassaved.NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.HehadoftenwatchedGrylls’’swherehelearnedthetipsthatsavedhislife.Ineachepisode(一期节目)ofManvs.Wild,Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.WhenGryllsheardaboutNicholas’amazingdeeds,hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.1.WhathappenedtoNicholasoneSundayafternoon?A.Hegotlost. B.Hebrokehisskis.C.Hehurthiseyes. D.Hecaughtacold.2.HowdidNicholaskeephimselfwarm?A.Hefoundashelter.B.Helightedsomebranches.C.Hekeptonskiing.D.Hebuiltasnowcave.3.OnTuesday,Nicholas.

A.returnedtohissheltersafelyB.wassavedbyasearcherC.gotstuckinthesnowD.stayedwherehewas4.NicholasleftGryllsaverydeepimpressionbecausehe.

A.didtherightthingsinthedangeroussituationB.watchedGrylls’TVprogramregularlyC.createdsometipsforsurvivalD.wasveryhardworkingPassage4(2015北京,B)RevolutionaryTVEarsTVEarshashelpedthousandsofpeoplewithvariousdegreesofhearinglosshearthetelevisionclearlywithoutturningupthevolume(音量)andnowit’sbetterandmoreaffordablethanever!WithTVEarswirelesstechnology,yousetyourownheadsetvolume,whileotherTVlistenershearthetelevisionatavolumelevelthat’sfortableforthem.YoucanevenlistenthroughtheheadsetonlyandputtheTVonmute(静音)ifthesituationcallsforaquietenvironment—maybethebabyissleeping.Orperhapsyouaretheonlyonewhoisinterestedinlisteningtotheballgame.TVEarspatentedtechnologyincludesarevolutionarynoisereductioneartip,notusedinanyothermerciallyavailableheadset.Thistipreducesoutsidenoisesothattelevisiondialogueisclearandunderstandable.Getthetechnologythathasproventohelpthemostdemandingcustomers.That’swhyTVEarshasearnedthetrustandconfidenceofaudiologists(听觉学家)nationwideaswellasworldfamousdoctors.DoctorRemendedTVEars!“MywifeandIhaveusedTVEarsalmostdailyforthepasttwoyearsandfindthemagreathelpinourenjoymentoftelevision.Asaretiredeardoctor,IheartilyremendTVEarstopeoplewithnormalhearingaswellasthosewithhearingloss.”—RobertForbes,M.D.,CACustomerRemendedTVEars!“NowmyhusbandcanhavethevolumeasloudasheneedsandIcanhavetheTVatmyhearinglevel.TVEarsissofortablethatJackforgetshehasthemon!Hecanonceagainhearandunderstandthedialogue.”—Darlene&JackB.,CARiskFreeTrial!TVEarseswitha30dayriskfreetrial.SpecialOffer—Now$59.95.Ifyou’renotsatisfied,returnit.Moneybackguarantee!Callnow!80012378321.TVEarshelpsyou.

A.improveyoursleepingqualityB.listentoTVwithoutdisturbingothersC.changeTVchannelswithoutdifficultyD.beeinterestedinballgameprograms2.WhatmakesTVEarsdifferentfromotherheadsets?A.ItcaneasilysetTVonmute.B.Itsheadsetvolumeisadjustable.C.Ithasanewnoisereductioneartip.D.Itappliesspecialwirelesstechnology.3.Thisadvertisementismademorebelievableby.

A.usingremendationsB.offeringreasonsforthisinventionC.providingstatisticsD.showingtheresultsofexperimentsPassage5(2014北京,A)SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium(水族馆)TheallnewSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,situatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBD,isoneofVictoria’sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscovery,SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity.◆OpeningTimesSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisopenfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmeverydayoftheyear,includingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat5:00pm,onehourbeforeclosing.◆Location(位置)SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumislocatedonthecornerofFlindersStreetandKingStreet,Melbourne.ItissituatedontheYarraRiver,oppositeCrownEntertainmentplex.◆GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumTrainSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisashortwalkfromeitherFlindersorSouthernCrosstrainstations.Tram(有轨电车)TheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumtramstopislocatedonthefreeCityCircleTramroute(公交线路)andalsoroutes70and75.CityCircletramsrunevery10minutesinbothdirections.ShuttleBusTheMelbourneCityTouristShuttleisafreebusservice,stoppingatkeytouristattractionsinandaroundtheCity.Runningdaily,every15minutesfrom10:00amto4:00pm.◆CarParkingWhilethereisnopubliccarparkingatSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,thereareseveralpubliccarparkinglotsavailableonlyashortwalkaway.◆WheelchairAccessSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumprovidespeopleinwheelchairswithfullaccesstoall12zones.Eachflooralsohaswheelchairaccessibletoilets.◆TermsTicketswillbeemailedtoyouimmediatelyafterpurchaseoryoucandownloadandprintyourticketoncepaymenthasbeenaccepted.PleaseprintoutallticketspurchasedandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.Noticket,noentry!1.SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.

A.islocatedatthecenteroftheCBDinthecityB.has12mostattractiveplacesinMelbourneC.admitsvisitorsfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmD.isbesideCrownEntertainmentplex2.GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,visitorscantake.

A.trainsfromSouthernCrosstrainstationB.shuttlebusesaroundthetrainstationC.boatsacrosstheYarraRiverD.eithertramroute70or753.SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumoffersvisitors.

A.freecarparking B.wheelchairaccessC.Internetconnection D.transportationservice4.TicketstoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.

A.arefreetoallvisitorsB.canbepurchasedbyemailC.arecheckedattheentranceD.canbeprintedattheticketofficePassage6(2014北京,B)TheBrownBearMywifeLauraandIwereonthebeach,withthreeofourchildren,takingpicturesofshorebirdsnearourhomeinAlaskawhenwespottedabear.Thebearwasthinandsmall,movingaimlessly.Justafewminuteslater,Iheardmydaughtershouting,“Dad!Thebearisrightbehindus!”Anaggressivebearwillusuallyrushforwardtofrightenawayitsenemybutwouldsuddenlystopatthelastminute.Thisonewassilentanditsearspinnedback—thesign(迹象)ofananimalthatisgoinginforthekill.AnditwasacoldAprilday.Thebearbehavedabnormally,probablybecauseofhunger.Iheldmycameratripod(三脚架)inbothhandstoformabarrierasthebearrushedintome.Itshugeheadwaslevelwithmychestandshoulders,andthetripodstuckacrossitsmouth.ItbitdownandIfoundmyselfsupportingitsweight.IknewIwouldnotbeabletoholditforlong.Evenso,thiswasafightIhadtowin:Iwasallthatstoodbetweenthebearandmyfamily,whowouldstandlittlechanceofrunningfasterthanabrownbear.Thebearhitatthecamera,cuttingitoffthetripod.Iraisedmyleftarmtoprotectmyface;thebeastheldtightlyonthetripodandpresseditintomyside.Myarmcouldnotmove,andIsensedthatmybonesweregoingtobreak.Drawingbackmyfreehand,IstruckthebearashardasIcouldforfiveorsixtimes.ThebearopeneditsmouthandIgraspeditsfur,tryingtopushitaway.Iwasactuallywrestling(扭打)withthebearatthispoint.Then,assuddenlyasithadbegun,thefightended.Thebearmovedbacktowardstheforest,beforereturningforanotherattack—thefirsttimeIfeltpanic.Apparentlysatisfiedthatwecausednofurtherthreat,thebearmovedoff,destroyingafenceasitwent.Myarmwasinjured,buttheouteforuscouldhardlyhavebeenbetter.I’mproudthatmyfamilyremainedclearheadedwhenpaniccouldhaveledtoaverydifferentoute.1.Thebrownbearapproachedthefamilyinorderto.

A.catchshorebirds B.startanattackC.protectthechildren D.setupabarrierforitself2.Thebearfinallywentawayafterit.

A.feltsafe B.gotinjuredC.foundsomefood D.tookawaythecamera3.Thewriterandhisfamilysurvivedmainlyduetotheir.

A.pride B.patienceC.calmness D.cautiousnessPassage7(2013北京,D)MultitaskingPeoplewhomultitaskallthetimemaybetheworstatdoingtwothingsatonce,anewresearchsuggests.Thefindings,basedonperformancesandselfevaluationsbyabout275collegestudents,indicatethatmanypeoplemultitasknotoutofadesiretoincreaseproductivity,butbecausetheyareeasilydistracted(分心)andcan’tfocusononeactivity.And“thosepeopleturnouttobetheworstathandlingdifferentthings,”saidDavidSanbonmatsu,apsychologistattheUniversityofUtah.Sanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesgavethestudentsasetoftestsandaskedthemtoreporthowoftentheymultitasked,howgoodtheythoughttheywereatit,andhowsensationseeking(寻求刺激)orimpulsive(冲动)theywere.Theythenevaluatedtheparticipants’multitaskingabilitywithatrickymentaltaskthatrequiredthestudentstodosimplemathematicalcalculationswhilerememberingasetofletters.Notsurprisingly,thescientistssaid,mostpeoplethoughttheywerebetterthanaverageatmultitasking,andthosewhothoughttheywerebetteratitweremorelikelytoreportusingacellphonewhiledrivingorviewingmultiplekindsofmediaatonce.Butthosewhofrequentlydealwithmanythingsatthesametimewerefoundtoperformtheworstattheactualmultitaskingtest.Theyalsoweremorelikelytoadmittosensationseekingandimpulsivebehavior,whichconnectswithhoweasilypeoplegetboredanddistracted.“Peoplemultitasknotbecauseit’sgoingtoleadtogreaterproductivity,butbecausethey’redistractible,andtheygetsuckedintothingsthatarenotasimportant,”Sanbonmatsusaid.AdamGazzaley,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,whowasnotamemberoftheresearchgroup,saidonelimitationofthestudywasthatitcouldn’tfindoutwhetherpeoplewhostartoutlessfocusedtendtowardmultitaskingorwhetherpeople’srecognizingandunderstandingabilitieschangeasaresultofmultitasking.Thefindingsdosuggest,however,whythesensationseekerswhomultitaskthemostmayenjoyriskydistracteddriving.“Peoplewhoaremultitaskingaregenerallylesssensitivetoriskysituations,”saidPaulAtchley,anotherresearchernotinthegroup.“Thismaypartlyexplainwhypeoplegoinforthesesituationseventhoughthey’redangerous.”1.TheresearchledbySanbonmatsuindicatesthatpeoplewhomultitask.

A.seekhighproductivityconstantlyB.preferhandlingdifferentthingswhengettingboredC.aremorefocusedwhendoingmanythingsatatimeD.havethepoorestresultsindoingvariousthingsatthesametime2.WhenSanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesconductedtheirresearch,they.

A.assessedthemultitaskingabilityofthestudentsB.evaluatedtheacademicachievementsofthestudentsC.analyzedtheeffectsoftheparticipants’trickymentaltasksD.measuredthechangesofthestudents’understandingability3.AccordingtoSanbonmatsu,peoplemultitaskbecauseoftheir.

A.limitedpowerincalculationB.interestsindoingthingsdifferentlyC.inabilitytoconcentrateononetaskD.impulsivedesiretotrynewthings4.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthatmultitaskersusually.

A.driveveryskillfullyB.goinfordifficulttasksC.failtoreactquicklytopotentialdangersD.refusetoexplainthereasonsfortheirbehavior答案精解精析高考题组训练Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。题材为广告类。介绍了TOKNOW杂志的内容以及订阅须知。1.D细节理解题。根据...bringingauniquebinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfans...以及TOKNOWmakesplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren可知,TOKNOW杂志的独特性在于它将一些复杂的概念与乐趣结合起来,便于儿童读者理解,故选D项。2.B细节理解题。根据Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles...可知,TOKNOW提供给读者关于新鲜话题的文章。3.D细节理解题。解题关键在于认真审题,抓住题干中的关键信息withgiftpackfromChina。带有礼包的年度订阅费用为:Europe￡60RestofWorld￡70,故答案为D项。4.B细节理解题。根据RefundPolicy可知,订阅可以在28天内取消并全额退款,故答案为B项。[重点词汇]wellbeingn.健康,安乐refundn.退款bejampackedwith充满……haveabalancedtakeon对……有一个客观的看法[长难句]TOKNOWmakesplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbeeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.TOKNOW使复杂的观点变得有吸引力和易于儿童理解,儿童们便能接触一些高级的理念,甚至是哲学。他们将很快发现,TOKNOW感觉更像是一个俱乐部,而不仅是一本杂志。本句为复合句。关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为children;破折号后的句子中含有一个that引导的宾语从句。Passage2[语篇解读]本文是一封书信,属于应用文。文章主要讲述了Tanis因患有ADHD而无法上大学,后来在网上培训中心的帮助下发现了自己的价值,从而十分感谢该培训中心。1.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知作者患了ADHD,而由文章第四段第一句...mydiseasegotworse.可知,选B。2.A细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的Icouldworkalone可判断选A。3.C推理判断题。根据文章全文以及第七段中的Thankyou.You’vegivenmehope可判断在作者不能上大学后是培训中心给了她希望,因此她写信是为了表达感激之情,故选C项。[长难句]IwanttoprovethatIcanteachmyselfarespectableprofession,withoutgoingtocollege,andbejustasgoodas,ifnotbetterthan,mypetitors.我想证明我没有上大学也能自学一个不错的职业,并且即使不比我的对手强也会和他们一样好。本句为复合句。句子中that从句为宾语从句,作prove的宾语;其中ifnotbetterthan为插入语。Passage3[语篇解读]尼古拉斯滑雪时突遇暴风雪,独自一人迷路。之后他借助自己在电视中学到的生存知识成功自救。1.A细节理解题。由第一段的第四句可知选择A项。2.D细节理解题。由第四段可知选择D项。3.B细节理解题。由第六段的倒数第二句可知答案为B项。4.A推理判断题。由最后一段可推断出答案为A项。Passage4[语篇解读]本文为应用文,题材为发明与技术类。文章介绍了具有革命性的电视专用耳机,并且听觉学家和医生做了购买推荐。1.B细节理解题。由第一段可知使用者可以在不打扰别人的前提下听清电视。所以B项正确。2.C细节理解题。由第二段第一、二句可知这款产品与其他耳机的不同之处在于它具有减少外部噪音的小部件。3.A推理判断题。在第二段下方,文章引用了医生和顾客推荐的内容,故A项正确。Passage5[语篇解读]本文为应用文,题材为广告类。本广告旨在介绍水族馆开放时间、地理位置、交通等。1.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“...situatedintheheartof