江苏省基地大联考2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次质量监测英语试题

2024届高三第一次质量监测英语注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求101501200.50.5答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(5小题;1.57.5分)5ABC三个选项中选出10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Whendoesthewomanbrushherteetheveryday?A.Intheevening. B.Intheafternoon. C.Inthemorning.Whyisthemanexercisingsofrequently?A.Heisfree. B.Heisunhealthy. C.Helikescoldweather.Atwhattimedoestheconversationtakeplace?A.8:30a.m. B.9:00a.m. C.9:10a.m.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?Buyingtheirdreamhouse.Creatinganartisticpainting.Finishingpreparationsfortheirnewhouse.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Customersinabank. B.Bankerandcustomer. C.Bankmanagerandstaff.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）5ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项，标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读55秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。Howlonghasthemanprobablybeenmanagingtherestaurant?A.Aboutoneyear. B.Aroundeightyears. C.Morethan20years.Whatisthewomanmostworriedabout?A.Theenvironment. B.Thefood. C.Theeconomy.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。Wherearethespeakersprobably?Inanoperatingroom.Inaschoolmedicaloffice.Inahospitalwaitingroom.Whatmistakedidthemanprobablymake?A.Skatinginabusystreet. B.Drivinghiscartoofast. C.Wearingaprotectivehat.Whatisthewoman’sadvicefortheman?Changehisinsurancecompany.Obeythetrafficsignsinpublic.Getanoperationtofixhisleg.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmotorcycles?Theyareverydangerous.Theyareabituncomfortable.Theyaremoreconvenientthancars.Howlonghasthemanbeenpreparinghismotorcycletrip?A.Lessthanaday. B.Fourdays. C.Oneweek.Howcanthemanbedescribed?A.He’sverycareful. B.He’sadventurous. C.He’sinexperienced.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。Whomightthemanbe?A.Areporter. B.Afarmer. C.AWhatdoesthewomanwishtodowithherextraland?Setupanewfarm.Buildhomesforherstaff.Plantdifferenttypesofcrops.Howcanthefarmersgettheirpayraised?A.Bybeingmoreefficient. B.Bysharinggoals. C.By听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。Duringwhichseasonisthetalkprobablytakingplace?A.Winter. B.Spring. C.Summer.Howlongwillittakebeforethelistenersgetthejob?A.In5days. B.In10days. C.In15days.Whatisthemostimportantthingforthelistenerstoadaptto?Workinginaschool.Experiencingadifferentclimate.Communicatinginaforeignlanguage.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkisthemostenjoyablethingaboutlivinginShanghai?LearningtospeakChinese.Thecity’sadvancedtechnology.Meetingmanydifferentcultures.第二部分阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASantaClausExpressTrain—FatherChristmasisComingtoRighttothecoolTrainHistoryParkofHungary.SantaClausTrainisagreattrainprogramtowelcomeSantaClauswiththekids,thistimeintheHungarianRailwayMuseum,oneofthebestmuseumswithchildren(andtrainenthusiasts)inBudapest.Eventdates:Dec8,Dec9andDec10(Sunday)in2023ThesteamengineexpresstrainwilltakethechildrenandparentsfromNyugatiTrainStationtotheRailwayMuseuminBudapest.TheOrientHalloftheTrainMuseumturnsintoafestivepartyandstagetowarmlywelcomeSantaandhishelperswhobringlotsofgoodiesandgiftsforthekids.Thereisusuallyashow,goodiebagsfromSanta,etc.BookingtheticketsfortheSantaClaustrainisfrommidOctober.AndifyoushouldbewonderingwhytheSantaClauscomessoearlyinHungary,atthebeginningofDecember,ratherthanasFatherChristmasshould,atChristmas,thefactisthatinHungary,SantaClaushasaspecialDec6(StNikolaus’sday),whiletheChristmaspresentsinHungaryarebroughtbytheBabyJesus(ortheLittleAngel).Don’taskhowkidsbelievethatababyshouldbesostrong.Theydo.SoaproperHungarianSantaClaus(TelapoakaMikulas)shouldcomearoundDec6.Moreinfoaboutthespecialchildrentrain,andbookingtickets:MagyarVasúttörténetiPark(Address:95TataiWay,DistrictXIV,postcode1142/Budapest,Tataiút95.)Tel./fax:(06-1)450-1497EmailandbookingtheSantaClaustrainseats:\hinfo@vasuttortenetipark.huAccordingtothepassage,parentsarerequiredto .A.bringsomegoodiesandgifts B.booktheticketsaheadoftimeC.beenthusiasticaboutthetrain D.contactSantaClauswithkidsWhatcanwelearnaboutthefestival?A.ItiscelebratedinthewholeEurope. B.ItisthesameasnormalChristmas.C.IthappensearlyDecemberweekend. D.Itcallsforattentiontospecialkids.Wheredoyouthinkthepassageistakenfrom?A.Atraveljournal. B.Atouristguide.C.Ageographytextbook. D.Apublicspeech.BLifelongdisabilityrightsactivistJenniferabandonedherwheelchairattheyoungageof8tocrawluptheCapitolsteps,forcingCongresstopassalandmarkcivilrightslawthatincreasedaccessforthosewithdisabilitiesandremovedbarriers.“DoingtheCapitolCrawl—itwasn’tjusttoclaimmyrights,butitwasalsotoclaimtherightsofmygenerationandfuturegenerationsofkidswithdisabilities,”Jennifersaid.Jenniferwasayounggirlwhohaddreamsofonedayattendingcollegeandlivingafulfillinglife.Atage2,Jenniferwasdiagnosedwithadiseasethataffectsthebrainandleavesherusingawheelchair.Jenniferwasabrightandbravegirl,yetwhensheattemptedtoattendschool,shewasarrangedtoseparateclassesforstudentswithdisabilities,regardlessofwhatshecoulddo.Shefoundherselfunabletoattendsomeschoolactivities,andaccessgovernmentbuildings.Jenniferacceptedthelimitationsofherphysicallife,butnotthelimitationsofthephysicalworldaroundJenniferbecameactiveincampaigningfortheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct.Shejoinedinpeacefulprotestsand,atage7,wasarrestedinMontreal,amomentinhistorythatshockedNorthAmerica.Atage8,JennifertraveledtoWashingtonD.C.TheshybutdeterminedlittlegirlcaughttheattentionofthecountrywhenshecrawledunaideduptheCapitolsteps.Itworked.JennifermetwithCongress,andPresidentGeorgeH.W.BushsignedtheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActintolaw.Jenniferremainsanactivisttoday,makingsureallpeoplewithdisabilitiesaretreatedfairlyandhaveequalaccesstopublicplaces,schoolsandbusinesses.Theonlybarriersthatremainarethoseofviewpoints.Jenniferwantsallofustoknowthatphysicaldisabilitiesarenotabarriertofriendship,careeropportunitiesorlove.ShegraduatedfromArizonaStateUniversitywithadegreeinfamilyandhumandevelopment.Forher,likeallofus,makingadifferencebeginsonestepatatime,nomatterhowharditis.WhatcanweknowaboutJenniferfromthetext?Sheenjoyedremovingbarriersforothers.Shejoinedinmakingalawforthedisabled.Shewantedthedisabledtobeequallytreated.Shetriedtofightformorerightsforherself.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?Thesocietydiscriminatedagainstthedisabled.Thegirlhadtosubmitherselftotherealworld.Theschoolshowedspecialcareforthedisabled.Thedisabledgainedfreeaccesstopublicplaces.HowdidJennifergettheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActsignedintolaw?Bydemonstratingherdetermination.BytravellingtoWashingtonD.C.BydeliveringaspeechtoCongress.Byparticipatinginpeacefulprotests.What’stheremainingbarriertofairtreatmentforthedisabled?A.Buildingalong-timefriendship. B.Obtainingadegreeinuniversity.C.Changingpeople’sfixedmindset. D.Seizingmorecareeropportunities.CDurham,26yearsold,isoneofmanysocial-mediacareerinfluencerswhohaverisentofamebysharingtipsaboutworkwithacasual,accessibletone.Regardlessoftheirlocations,thesecontentcreatorsoftenadoptasimilarstyle:Filmingthemselvestalkingtothecameraabouttopicssuchashowtostandoutintheinterviews,negotiatesalaries,handleperformancereviewsandcommunicatewithmanagers.Whilecareercoachingisnotanewindustry,expertssaysocialmediaprovidesanewwaytodeliverthisinformationthat’sparticularlyappealingtoyoungworkersrightnow.MaryChayko,aprofessoratRutgersUniversity,saysseekingadviceonsocialmediafeelsmoreconvenientandefficienttoyoungpeople.Evenifinfluencerslacktheirownextendedprofessionaltenure(终身职位),andoftendon’tholdcoachingcertificates,expertssaytheyhavequalitiesthatmakefollowerstrustthem.Theirtransparency(透明性)makesthemfeellargelyaccessibleandeasy-going.Theircasualstyleappealstoaudiences,becauseitoffersglimpsesintowhotheyareaspeople.“Notbeingtoopolishedinthewaythatyoupresentyourselfisanotherindicatorthatyouaresomebodywhocanbetrusted,”Chaykosays.Whilesocialmediaadvicecanbemotivating,ithasitslimitations.VideosonInstagramandtendtobefairlybroad,relyingongeneralizationsaboutcultureandhumanbehaviorthatmaynotapplytoaperson’sindividualsituation.Moreover,manyofthedecision-makersintheworkforcebelongtooldergenerations,meaningthatyoungworkers’abilitytounderstandthevaluesoftheseleaderswillalsobeimportant.Relyingsolelyonyoungercoachescouldnarrowtheirknowledgescope范围).Yetforyoungworkers,followingcareerinfluencersmaybeasmuchenterprisingasitispractical.Influencersdemonstrateanidealizedworkpersona(职场人士形象),conveyingasenseofcontrolandconfidencethatmanypeoplelongforintheirprofessionallives.WhyisEmilyDurhammentionedinthebeginning?A.presentafact. B.describeascene.C.explainaconcept. D.introducethetopic.WhatdoesMaryChaykotellusinparagraph2?Theyoungareeagerfornewcareers.Theyoungareaddictedtosocialmedia.Theyoungenjoyspreadinginformation.Theyoungtendtoaskforadviceonline.Whycancareerinfluencersappealtotheirfollowers?Theypossesssomecoachingcertificates.Theyownextendedprofessionaltenure.Theygivethepublicpolishedappearance.Theytrytobeseeminglyworthyoftrust.Whatdoesparagraph4focusonconcerningsocialmediacareeradvice?A.Itsbenefits. B.Itsfunctions. C.Itsshortcomings. D.Itsfeatures.DAstheworldchanges,humansencounternewthingsthatneedtobedescribedusingafixedsetofwords.Acommonstrategyistoreuseexistingwords—i.e.,wordmeaningextension.Forexample,“mouse”canrefertoacomputercontroldevicenow.Childrenalsoextendwordmeaningscreativelyastheylearntheirlanguages.Brochhagenetal.presentsevidencethattheextensionprocessthatgivesrisetonewtermsintheshorttermisthesameprocessthatgeneratespatternsbetweenlanguagesoverthelongterm.Theirfindingshavemajorimplicationsforthestudyoflanguagechangeoverevolutionaryhistory.Brochhagenetal.usedthreedifferentdatasets:adatabaseofcommonerrorsmadebychildrenwhenlearningtocommunicate,adatabaseofdocumentedhistoricalsemantic(语义的)shifts(forexample,themeaningof“viral”recentlyshiftedfrom“causedbyavirus”to“spreadingwidely”),andaglobaldatabasecontaininginformationaboutwhichwordshavethesamemeaningindifferentlanguages.Theresearchersfoundthatthereisasharedfoundation.Theyarguethatthiscommonalityisnotanoutcomeofchildhooderrorsbecomingadulthoodnorms.Instead,theybelievethatthereisanunderlyingcommonfoundation—creativity.Thatis,bothchildrenandadultsusetheirrichknowledgeoftheworldandtheobjectsinittolabel(贴标签于)newthingsonthebasisoftheirsimilaritytothingstheyalreadyknow.Itisthiscreativitythatcouldcausethewordmeaningextensioninlanguageevolution.TheanalysisofBrochhagenetal.addstorecentstudiesshowingthatsmall-scaleprocessescanhaveagreateffectonlanguagesatalargerscale.Forexample,wordsthatarecommonlyusedorhaveabstractfeaturesindailyspeechtendtobethosethatevolvemoreslowlyinthelongterm.Similarly,evidenceindicatesthatlow-levelcognitivehabits,suchasapreferencefortakingnounphrasesasthecoreofasentence,mayhaveshapedtheglobalpatternsoflanguagediversity.together,thesefindingshaveimportantimplicationsforinvestigatinglanguages.Whatisthecommonwayofdescribingnewthings?Addingnewmeaningstoexistingwords.Creatingnewwordswithsimilarmeanings.Restoringwordsthathaveeverabandoned.Borrowingwordsfromforeignlanguages.Howdidtheresearchersgettheirfindings?Bymakinglanguageerrorslikechildren.Bycollectingdatafromdifferentangles.Bycreatingnewwordsinthelongterm.Byarguingwithpeopleinthesamefield.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?Theeffectofgloballanguagediversity.Themethodsoflanguageinvestigation.Thefindingsaboutlanguageevolution.Theprocessofwordmeaningextension.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?WhychildrenmakesimilarerrorsWhypeopleextendwordmeaningsHowchildrenlearnnewlanguagesHowpeopledescribenewthings第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fornewlyadmittedcollegestudents,adaptingtotheacademicenvironmentincollegewillbeanewchallenge.Thestudyskillsusedinhighschoolmaybeadisadvantageinyourcollegeexperience.Incollege,professorsarenotconcernedifyoupassorfail.36Toprepareforthecourseloadahead,itisimportanttostartfindingwaystoimproveyourstudyhabits.Somestudentsmaintainstudyhabitsthatworkforthem,whetheritisactiverecallorreviewingtheirnotesbeforeanexam.37Theystayuplateforexamstomorroworleaveassignmentstothelastminute.Clubscanmakeitchallengingforyoutosettleintotheroutineofhighereducation.38Developingandpractisingeffectivestudyhabitswillhelpyoustayorganizedandallowyoutodevelopintoadisciplinedcollegestudentevenifyouhavealotofclubactivitiestoattend.39Sogetacollegeplannerassoonaspossible!Thismightbearegularplanner,asimplenotepadorawallcalendar.Sitdownearlyinthesemesterandscheduleyourupcomingdeadlines,assignments,examsandstudytimeonyourweeklyplanner.Onceyouhaveorganizedyourassignmentsandstudytimeforthesemester,makeeveryefforttosticktothatschedule.Youmaypreferadigitalscheduleandcalendar.40Testdates,extracurricularactivities,studyperiods,andassignmentduedatescanallbesetasreminderssoyouwillnevermissadeadline.Herearetipstowinprofessors’support.Manyothershavenotformedsuchhabits.Considercreatinganagendaonyourdevices.Organizationisimportantforsuccessincollege.Buttheyfindreferencebooksfortheirresearchinthelibrary.Therefore,beingself-reliantanddeterminedincollegeisimportant.Fortunately,theseactivitiesdon’tpreventyoufromearningyourdegree.第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Weallhavedreamsforourkids.EventhoughhersonLeonisjustababy,Tamandanihopeshewillbecomea41someday.Whenhewasbornwithclubfoot(畸形足),Tamandanithoughtthosedreamswouldnotcomeinto42.After43Leonwasbornwithadisability,Tamandani’shusbandleftherandhernewborn.Thetotal44ofcarenowfallsonhershoulders.Tamandanisupportsthefamilywithasmallbusinessthat45meetstheirdailyneeds.Thecostoftransportationtoaclubfootclinicwasnotsomethingshehadworkedintotheir46.Shortlyafterhisbirth,thedistricthospital47Leon’sfamilytotheHopeWalkspartnerclinicatBlantyreinMalawi.TamandanitookLeontohisfirstvisit,whereclinicians48thefirstcast(石膏)inthePonsetimethodoftreatment.Leoncriedalotmakinghermomfearthecastwastooheavyforher49legs.TheparentadvisorGertrudewasvery50withTamandani,educatingherabouttheclubfoottreatmentprocess,encouragingher,andstrengtheningthisyoungmom’s51.TamandanibelongstotheChurchofCentralAfricanPresbyterian,butthroughthis52,sheacceptedChristashersavior救星).“Originally,I53hopethatmychildcouldbetreatedfromclubfoot,”Tamandanisaid.“Ididn’tevenknowwheretogoforthetreatment.ButIthankGodforhis54.IndeedGod’stimingisthebest.”WhoknowsifLeonwillsomedaybeapoliceofficerashismotherdreams?Now55thankstoherhealing,itispossible.41.A.firemanB.sportsmanC.policemanD.businessman42.A.practiceB.realityC.effectD.sight43.A.realizingB.decidingC.admittingD.anticipating44.A.passionB.prejudiceC.stressD.guidance45.A.completelyB.ultimatelyC.broadlyD.barely46.A.scheduleB.assessmentC.budgetD.principle47.A.referredB.contributedC.extendedD.distributed48.A.combinedB.appliedC.exposedD.operated49.A.healthyB.strongC.brokenD.delicate50.A.anxiousB.guiltyC.contentD.patient51.A.faithB.doubtC.worryD.position52.A.trickB.trialC.sampleD.route53.A.offeredB.embracedC.raisedD.lost54.A.presenceB.blessingC.devotionD.cooperation55.A.atlargeB.atrandomC.atleastD.atbest第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Renownedforitsterracottawarriors,theancientChinesecityofXi’aninShaanxiprovinceisalsoafoodparadise.DuetoitslocationontheancientSilkRoad,foodsinXi’an56(influence)byplacesfarandwide.alonghistoryofgrowingwheat,Xi’anishometovariouskindsofflour-basedfood,57evensimplenoodlesappearindifferentshapes,sizesandtastes.RoujiamoisoneofthemostfamousstreetfoodsinXi’anandisalsoknownasChina’s58(simplify)versionofthehamburger.Yangroupaomo,isanothersignaturefoodofXi’an,andit59(date)backto11thcenturyBC.Biangbiangnoodlesarethick,fatandlong.Eachbelt-likestrandisthreefingerswide,spiralingdownintoabigbowl.BiangbiangnoodlesarepopularamongChinese60itsdistinctivetasteaswellasitsname,61isacharactersocomplicatedmanyChinesedon’tevenknowhowtowriteit.Liangpiarecoldnoodlesmadefromwheatorriceflour,and62populardishinmanyotherplacesinChina,63(especial)insummer.mian,oil-sprayednoodleswithspicysauce,arehand-pullednoodleswithasizzlingoildressing.Boilingoilispouredoverthetop64(create)aspecialfragrancewhenserving.Apparently,Xi’anshowsgreat65(mature)infoodculture,attractingmanytouristseveryyear.第四部分写作(共两节；满分40分)第一节(满分15分)(WritingCompetitionofEnglishClassicsBookReview)Josh写一封邮件邀请他担任评委。内容包括：比赛介绍；评比要求。注意：80左右;请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJosh,DearJosh,Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ErieraisedhisdaughterRileyalone.OneEricnoticedayoungteenage