陕西省咸阳市旬邑中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学摸底考试英语试题（文理）合卷含解析

陕西省咸阳市旬邑中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学摸底考试英语试题（文理）合卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Mum,Iamworryingaboutmypetdogwhileweareaway.—Boy,you________.Ourneighborhasofferedtohelpus.A．can’tB．wouldn’tC．needn’tD．mustn’t2．Thelittleboystaredatthestrangemanquestioningly,not________whethertobelievewhathehadsaid.A．toknow B．knowingC．known D．havingknown3．He________whethertosetasidetheminordifferences，thenhedid．A．debated B．predictedC．plotted D．calculated4．Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,we______apicnicyesterday.A．musthavehad B．wouldhaveC．couldhavehad D．willhave5．SallywasexcitedtomeetSusanatthepartylastnight．They_____eachothersincetheygraduatedfromOxfordUniversityin2010．A．haven’tseen B．hadn’tseenC．didn’tsee D．don’tsee6．Thebuswouldnothaverunintotheriver________forthebadtemperedlady.A．ifitwerenot B．haditnotbeenC．ifitwouldnotbe D．shoulditnotbe7．Yesterdayishistory,tomorrowisamystery,onlytodayisagift,andthatis______wecallitpresent.A．how B．when C．why D．where8．---DoyouknowwhatTomdoesallday?----IknowhespendsatleastasmuchtimewatchingTVashe____________hislessons.A．isdoing B．does C．spendstodo D．doesdoing9．I’mnotsureofthereasonforthedog’sillness,butit____byeatingtoomuch.A．mayhavebeencaused B．needhavebeencausedC．shouldhavebeencaused D．musthavebeencaused10．Amythisanaccountofthedeedsofagodorsupernaturalbeings,usuallyexpressedintermsof______thought.A．primary B．capital C．initial D．primitive11．________theopportunitytospeakatthegraduationceremonymademeoverjoyed.A．Offering B．OfferedC．Tooffer D．Beingoffered12．Duetothecountry’sgrowingrateofurbanization,China’smigrantpopulation_______tobeover200millionby2020.A．predictsB．ispredictedC．willhavebeenpredictedD．willbepredicted13．Thefirstsnowdidn’tfalluntilFebruaryinourprovincethisyear,________wasunexpected.A．it B．which C．that D．what14．TheJapanesepeoplekeepupcheerfulspirits________theworldthattheycangetoverthecrisiscausedbytheterribletsunami（海啸）.A．beingconvinced B．convinced C．toconvince D．havingconvinced15．Duetothereformandopening­up,ourlivingconditions,undoubtedly,haveimproved________overthepastdecades.A．considerately B．approximately C．appropriately D．considerably16．People________withanyonewhoisalwaystalkingabouthowwonderfulheis.A．fallin B．keepcompany C．catchup D．getfedup17．Howlongdoyousupposeitis______hearrivedthere?A．whenB．beforeC．afterD．since18．Healwayskeepsaneyeonshortcomingsofhisbrother’s_________refusingtoadmithisownmistakes.A．butB．whileC．althoughD．though19．Allthedishesinthismenu，_____otherwisestated，willservetwotothreepeople.A．as B．if C．though D．unless20．_______manyChineseholidaysaredirectedtowardsservicesrememberingancestors,theChingMingFestivalisbeyonddoubtthelargest.A．Unless B．SinceC．Once D．While第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Smokersmayignorethehealthwarningsbytellingthemselvestheirhabitmakesthemlookcool.Afterall,sexsymbolsJamesDeanandHumphreyBogartwererarelyseenwithoutacigarette.However,thelatestevidenceshowsthatsmokingactuallymakesyoulessattractivetotheoppositesex.Wrinklesfromsmokingacigarettemaybetoblameforpeoplejudgingnon-smokerstobebetter-looking.Thiswastheresultofastudyaskingmorethan500peopletopickthemostattractiveoftwinswhereonesmokedandtheotherdidnot.Menfoundfemalenon-smokersthemostattractiveintwo-thirdsofcases,whilewomenchosenon-smokingmenasthemostattractive68percentofthetime.ProfessorIanPenton-Voak,aco-authorofthestudyfromBristolUniversity,said,“Peopleassumethatsmokingcausesdamagetotheskinandappearance,butthisisareallyneatwayoflookingatitbecausethesetwinsaregeneticallyidentical,sowecancontrolforgeneticfactorsinvolvedinageing.Appearanceseemstobeimportanttopeople,especiallyyoungpeople,sowecouldusethesesortsoffindingsasabasisforfutureinterventionstostoppeoplesmoking.”Smokingcanspeedupthenormalageing,evenafteronlyadecade.Nicotinecausesnarrowingofthebloodvesselsintheoutermostlayersoftheskin,whilethechemicalsintobaccosmokedamagecollagenandelastin,fibreswhichgivetheskinitselasticity(弹性).Thewrinklesthiscausesareaddedtobyfacialexpressionsmadewhensmokingsuchaspursingthelipswheninhaling(吸气)orsquintingtokeepsmokeoutofyoureyes.1、WhydoestheauthormentionJamesDeanandHumphreyBogart?A．Topersuadesmokerstogiveupsmoking.B．Tocomparethemwithnon-smokers.C．Totellusmanypeopleareinfluencedbythem.D．Toshowunderstandingandcomfortsmokers.2、WhatcanwelearnfromPara.2andPara.3?A．500twinsweresurveyedforthestudy.B．Probablyyoungpeoplepaymoreattentiontotheirappearance.C．Femalenon-smokersaremoreattractivethanmaleones.D．ProfessorIanPenton-Voakistheleadingauthorofthestudy.3、WhatisProfessorIanPenton-Voak’saltitudetosmoking?A．Disapproving.B．Favorable.C．Unconcerned.D．Cautious.4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Smokerslookcoolerthannon-smokers.B．Smokingmayspeedupskin’sageing.C．Smokerslookyoungerthannon-smokers.D．Smokingshouldbebannedrightaway.22．（8分）Twoheadsarebetterthanone.Itmeansthattwopeopleworkingtogetherhaveabetterchanceofsolvingaproblemthanonepersonalone.Butnoteveryonelikesworkinginagroup.Therecanbeanumberofreasonswhypeopledislikegroupwork.Somemayfeelnervousoruneasyingroupsituations.Othersmighthavehadabadexperiencewithindividualswhodidnotworkwellasateam.Anothercommentisthatteachersorinstructorsfailtoproviderolesforgroupmembers.Thismaycreateasituationwhereeveryoneornoonewantstolead.Whatevertheissue,theresultisthesame:thegroupdoesnotrealizeitsgoal.Cooperative(合作的)learningisaneducationalmethodthatcanhelptosolvethisproblem.Therearemanymethodsofcooperativelearning.Todaywewilltalkaboutone:givingeachpersoninasmallgroupaspecificdutytoreachasharedgoal.Forexample,iflearnersaredividedintogroupsoffourpeopleeach,theirrolesmightbe:leader,writer,checkerandspeaker.Thisstructurehelpsensurethateveryonetakespartequallyingroupworkandallowseachmembertoplayameaningfulpartincompletingthesharedgoal.Beforedividinglearnersintogroups,itisagoodideafortheteacherorclub’sinstructortofirsthaveknowledgeaboutthelanguageskilllevelsofparticipants.Thegoalistomakeeachgroupamixtureofhigher-andlower-levellanguagelearners.Puttingtoomanypeoplewithsimilarskilllevelstogethercouldmaketheworktoodifficultoreasy.Rolecardscanbeahelpfultoolinthismethodofcooperativelearning.Theirpurposeistoremindlearnersofeachperson’srole.Beforethecooperativeactivity,theroleoftheteacheroractivityinstructoristoexplaintwothingstothegroup:themainjobfortheactivityandhowthecooperativeroleswork.ThepersoninchargemayappointtheserolesorlettheEnglishlearnerschoosethem.Then,duringtheactivity,theinstructor’sjobistowatchthegroupsandprovidemoreguidancewhenneeded.Aftertheactivity,theinstructormaywishtoprovidefeedbacktogroupsontheirworkandtheiruseofcooperation.Withthiscooperativelearningmethod,youcansaythatfourheadsarebetterthanjustone.1、What’stheoutcomeifpeopledonotenjoygroupwork?A．Theaimofthegroupcannotbeachieved.B．Specificroleswillbegiventogroupmembers.C．Groupmemberswillfeelateaseingroups.D．Groupmemberswillfailtoworkindividually.2、Whydoestheteacherneedtoknowaboutthosewhotakepartintheactivity?A．Tofindoutlanguagelearnerswithsimilarlevels.B．Toclarifyhigher-andlower-levellanguagelearners.C．Tocombinelearnerswithdifferentlanguagelevels.D．Toincreasethedifficultyinfinishingthework.3、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheroleofinstructors?A．Tooffergroupmemberstimelyhelpateachstep.B．Tolistentotheresponsefromgroupmembers.C．TohelptheEnglishlearnerschoosetheirfavouriteroles.D．Tomakeclearaboutthetaskandworkingprinciplesoftheroles.4、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TwoHeadsAreBetterthanOne.B．CooperationIsaMustinLearning.C．GroupWorkMakesaGreatDifferencetoLearners’Achievement.D．CooperativeLearningContributestotheSuccessofGroupWork.23．（8分）Manyyearsago,peoplereliedonthesun,themoonandstarstofindtheirwayaround.Later,thecompasswasintroduced.Andnow,wehavesatnav（卫星导航）systemstoguideus.Asatnavsystemusesgroupsofsatellitestoshowtheuser’slocation.Theysendinformationtoareceiver,suchasasmartphone,toshowuswhereweare.TheearliestbuiltsatnavsystemistheGlobalPositioningSatelliteSystem,whichbelongstotheUS.ThenthereisRussia’sGlobalNavigationSatellitesystem，theEuropeanUnion’sGalileoandChina’sownsatellitenavigationsystem,Beidou.OnOctober18,2017,anARJ21-700plane,whichwasthefirstdomestically（国内地）producedjetequippedwiththeBeidounavigationsystem,successfullycompletedatestflight.TheresultsshowedtheperformanceofthesystemdevelopedbyChinamatchesthatofsimilarsystemsproducedabroad,accordingtotheCommercialAircraftCorporationofChina.Sinceitsintroductionin2000,theBeidounavigationsystemhasbeenincreasingnumbersofapplicationslinkedtoeverydaylife,fromsharedbikestofarming.Whenitcomestosharedbikes,smartlocksthatsupportBeidouchipsoffermoreaccuratepositioningthanothers,makingiteasiertofindabike.FarmerscanuseBeidou-enabledtractorstoplow（犁）thesoilanduseunmannedaircraftwithBeidoutosowseeds,whichcanimproveefficiencyandmakebetteruseofresources.Beidou’sfarmingapplicationshavespreadfromHeilongjiangProvincetoBeijing,Liaoning,Shanxi,HubeiandotherregionsacrossChina.Withitsmanyuses,theBeidounavigationsystemisevenplayingabigroleintheBeltandRoadInitiative（一带一路）.“Todate,theBeidousystemhascoveredmostpartsoftheAsia-Pacificregion,aswellascountriesalongtheSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad,”saidYangChangfeng,chiefdesigneroftheBeidousystem.Today,therearemorethan20Beidousatellitesaboveourheads,andChinaplanstolaunchevenmorethisyeartoexpandtheBeidounetworktobetterservetheBeltandRoadInitiative.“AsBeidouexpandsitsoverseasreach,itwillbeincreasinglypopularinthelogistics（物流）industry,”saidMiaoQianjun,SecretaryGeneralofthenavigationservicesassociation.“Ships,forexample,canuseittopositionthemselveswhilesailingacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries,nolongerlimitedtoSoutheastAsianregionsinthenearfuture.1、Whatisthepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Tocomparesomemodernsatnavsystems.B．Todescribethebenefitsofsatnavsystems.C．Totellushowsatnavsystemswerecreated.D．Tointroducesomesatnavsystemsandtheirfunctions.2、WhatcanweknowabouttheBeidounavigationsystemaccordingtothearticle?A．Itwasusedsuccessfullyinanewjetplane.B．Itismorepowerfulthanothersatnavsystems.C．ItwasintroducedtoChinaonOctober,2017.D．Itwasn’tusedinoureverydaylifeuntilrecently.3、Accordingtothearticle,theBeidounavigationsystemisalreadywidelyusedfor_______.A．plowingthesoilandsowingseedsB．improvingtheefficiencyofnetworkC．producingmoresmartlocksforsharedbikesD．navigatingshipsacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries4、WhatisMiaoQianjun’sattitudetowardthefutureoftheBeidousystem?A．Worried.B．Casual.C．Positive.D．Doubtful.24．（8分）What’son?ElectricUnderground7:30pm—1:00amFreeattheCyclopsDoyouknowwho’splayinginyourarea?We’rebringingyouaneveningofliverockandpopmusicfromthebestlocalbands.Areyouinterestedinbecomingamusicianandgettingarecordingcontract?Ifso,comeearlytothetalkat7:30pmbyJulesSkye,asuccessfulrecordproducer.He’sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyoumusic.GeeWhizz8:30pm—10:30pmComedyatKaleidoscopeComeandseeGeeWhizzperform.He’sthefunnieststand-upcomedianonthecomedyscene.Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest.GeeWhizzreallyknowshowtomakeyoulaugh!Ourbarisopenfrom7:00pmfordrinksandsnacks.SimonsWorkshop5:00pm—7:30pmWednesdaysatVictoriaStageThisisagoodchanceforanyonewhowantstolearnhowtodocomedy.Theworkshoplooksateverykindofcomedy,andpracticesmanydifferentwaysofmakingpeoplelaugh.Simonisacomedianandactorwhohas10years’experienceofteachingcomedy.Hisworkshopsareexcitingandfun.AneveningwithSimonwillgiveyoutheconfidencetobefunny.CharlotteStone8:00pm-11:00pmPizzaWorldFinefoodwithbeautifuljazzmusic;thisisagreateveningout.CharlotteStonewillperformsongsfromhernewbest-sellingCD,withJamesPickeringonthepiano.ThemenuisItalian,withexcellentmeatandfreshfish,pizzasandpasta(面食).Bookearlytogetatable.Ourbarisopenallday,andservescocktails,coffee,beer,andwhitewine.1、Theonlyplaceavailableatmidnightis________.A．CyclopsTheatre B．KaleidoscopeC．VictoriaStage D．PizzaWorld2、AtVictoriaStage,you________.A．wouldbeentertainedalotbysomecomediansB．mightspendawholedaywithSimonC．couldlearnhowtoentertainpeopleD．wouldbecomeanexpertinteachingcomedy3、WeknowthatinPizzaWorld,________.A．peoplecanenjoyrockandpopmusicB．peoplecanreceiveaCDbyCharlotteStoneC．foodfromallovertheworldisservedD．atablereservationisnecessary25．（10分）Hamburgers,Frenchfries，potatochips,popcorn,andpizza.Thereisnodenying(否认)thatthesefoodsaretasty.Butoften,it’stheaddedsaltthatmakesyoudesirethem.Thus,USkidsareeatingtoomuchsaltyfood.Tablesaltisabout40%sodium(钠).Ourbodiesneedsomesodiumtoworkproperly.Buttoomuchofitisnothealthy.Thesaltbottleistoblameforjust11%ofthesodiumkidsconsume.Theresthasbeenaddedtofoodbeforeitevenreachesthetable.Thefollowingshowshowmuchsodiumispackedintoatypicalturkey-and-cheesesandwich.Aturkeysandwichcanpackabigsodiumpunch.Addateaspoonofmustard(芥末)andthetotalrisesto1,522milligrams(mg).Kidsaged9to13shouldgetnomorethan2,200mgeachday.Thiscanraisebloodpressure,whichinturncanleadtoheartproblems.Today,1in9childrenhasraisedbloodpressure.There’sgoodnewsthough.Consuminglesssaltcanlowerbloodpressure.That,ofcourse,iseasiersaidthandone.Themoreyoueatsaltyfoods,themoreyoudevelopatasteforthem.Thekeytochangingyourdietistostartsmall.Smallchangesinsodiuminfoodsarenotusuallynoticed.Eventually,theeffortwillresetakid’stastebuds(味蕾).BridgetMurphyisadietitian.Shesayskidscantryaddingspicestotheirfoodinsteadofsalt.Eatingfruitsandvegetablesandcuttingbackonpackagedfoodswillalsohelp.Needalittleinspiration?Murphyoffersthistip:Focusontheimmediateeffectsofadietthatishighinsodium.Highbloodpressurecanmakeitdifficulttobeactive.“Doyouwanttothinkclearlyandperformwellinschool?”sheasks.“Doyouwanttorunfaster?”ZerleenQuader,oftheCDC,suggestsreadingnutritionlabels.“It’ssurprisinghowmuchthesodiumcontentforthesamefoodcanvarybybrand,”shesays.1、Whydokidstendtoeattoomuchsalt?A．Saltcontainsmuchsodium.B．Thesaltbottlesaretoobig.C．Saltmakesfoodsdelicious.D．Saltisnecessaryfortheirbodies.2、Wheredoesmostofthesaltkidseatprobablycomefrom?A．Family-cookedfoods.B．Fruitsandvegetables.C．Bottlesinthekitchen.D．Store-boughtfoods.3、Howdoesaddedsaltdoharmtoone’shealth?A．Itmakesonetooactive.B．Itraisesbloodpressure.C．Itchangessodiuminsalt.D．Itmakesgainingweighteasy.4、Whichisasuggestedwaytoreducetheintakeofsalt?A．Replacingsaltwithspices.B．Eatingwithoutselection.C．Eatinglesshome-madefood.D．Takingmuchexerciseeveryday.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）ThebusisgoingtobeatthestationintenminutesandIhavetomakeitthistime.As1asanewmomcould,IpushedAidan'sarmsandlegsinhissnowsuitand2outoftheclassroom,downtothestreetcorner,myscarf3behindme.Itwasclose,butbecausetheicehadalreadymeltedonthesidewalk,I4tothebusstop,5formingbeneathmywoolhat.Slowingdown,catchingmy6,IwheeledAidantothecornerandstoppedbeneaththe7forBus134.Secondslater,thehugewhitebus8infrontofus.Thedriverkindlyhelpedus9andIsatoppositethebackdoors,10mynowsleepingbaby.Itwasfivemonthssinceourfamilyhadmovedand11ourcar.LivinginacityasbigandlivelyasBostonnotonlykeptus12,butalsokeptuswatchingour13.MovingfromFairbanks,Alaska,withanewbaby,weknewweneededto14onourexpensesinorderto15forhiscollegefunds,ourretirementfunds,andtobeabletoeatagooddinneronceinawhile.Wedidn'trealizethatparingdown（削减）wouldnotonlydeposit16moneyinthebank,butalso17ourhealthandtheenvironment.I'dalreadyreducedmypregnancy18duetoallthewalking.Lookingupatthe19Bostonsky,Ifeltgoodaboutnotpollutingtheenvironment.Financialworriesexist,buttheydon't20us.Bus134does.Andourfeettoo,ofcourse.1、A．quickly B．madly C．casually D．nervously2、A．held B．came C．rushed D．dived3、A．losing B．flying C．hanging D．jumping4、A．wandered B．stepped C．slid D．jogged5、A．ice B．sweat C．mist D．wind6、A．breath B．cold C．bus D．attention7、A．stop B．sky C．sign D．shelter8、A．parked B．waited C．paused D．stopped9、A．aboard B．abroad C．off D．out10、A．rubbing B．amusing C．admiring D．looking11、A．sold B．bought C．rented D．broke12、A．free B．busy C．easy D．loose13、A．baby B．house C．business D．wallet14、A．holdup B．cutdown C．putaway D．setaside15、A．cover B．meet C．pay D．save16、A．more B．less C．extra D．enough17、A．protect B．strengthen C．improve D．increase18、A．reaction B．weight C．emotion D．fitness19、A．vast B．grey C．cold D．bright20、A．make B．force C．drive D．abandon第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Hongbao,aredenvelopewithsmallamountsofmoneyin,isagiftthatisguaranteedtobe1．(warm)received,notjustbecauseofthecash,butalsobecauseofits2．(tradition)symbolismandbestwishesforthefutureThisistruethroughoutChina,especiallyinthesouth3．peopleviewreceivinghongbao4．anauspicious(吉祥的)beginningoftheNewYearLegendinthesouthgoesthatadevil(恶魔)usedtoappearloharmchildrenandtheelderly5．loudnoisewouldfrightenthedevilaway,asdid6．colorredFireworkstookcareofthenoiseandduringtheSpringFestivalcouplets(对联)alsohelpedkeepthedevilawayButfireworkscouldn’tgooffalldaysochildrenandtheelderlyalsogothongbao,redenvelopes7．(contain)moneyThetradition8．(survive)forthousandsofyearsandgivinghongbaotochildrenandtheelderlyremainspopularamongChinesepeopleallovertheworldIthasalsomadeitswayintoworkplacewherebossesoftengive9．(employ)hongbaoandmostrecently,companieshaveadoptedonlinemarketingstrategieswherehaongbaoaredistributed,hoping10．companiesandstaffmembershaveagoodstartGivinghongbaoatthebeginningoftheLunarNewYearindicatesbestwishesforthefuture第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线（)，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。ItwasonawarmautumndaythatmyfatherandIwalkintomynewhighschool、Afterregisteredintheclassroom,Iwastakentomydormitorybythevolunteer、AltogetherIhadfiveroommates,twoofwhicharrivedlater、Igottoknowmynewroommateimmediately、AlthoughIwasquiteunwillingtosay“Goodbye”tomyfather,buthehadtoleavetomyhome