河南省南阳市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题 含解析

2024年秋期高中二年级期终质量评估英语试题说明：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题，满分95分）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，满分55分）两部分。2.将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdidthemangettothemuseum?A.Bytrain. B.Bybus. C.Bytaxi.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Didyougettothemuseumontime?M:No.Thetrainsweren’trunning,andthefirsttwobusesthatcamealongweresocrowdedthatIcouldn’tgeton.Atlast,Ijumpedintoataxi.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Intheclassroom. B.Athome. C.Inahospital.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youlookunhappy,Tom.Whathappened?M:Mum,myclassmateslaughedatmycomposition.W:Really?Letmereaditafterdinner.MaybeIcangiveyousomeadvice.3.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthewoman’sflighttakeoff?A.ThisFriday. B.ThisSaturday. C.ThisSunday.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Linda,areyoutravelingtoNewYorkthisSaturday?W:No,therewerenoflightticketsforOct.20,soIbookedaticketforOct.21.M:Well,Iwishyouagoodtrip.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.It’sextremelyhotoutside. B.Hewantstogoswimming. C.Swimmingisgoodforhealth.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:I’mgoingswimming.Doyouwanttocome?Ithelpsyoutoloseweight.M:No,Ican’tswimoutsidenow.Lookatthesun!Icanjuststandoutsideandsweat.Whataday!5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofbuildingaschoolnow?A.Itisgoodtimingtobuildit.B.Itshouldhavebeenbuiltearlier.C.Shedoubtstheeffectoftheplan.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Thecitycouncilhasfinallyvotedthefundstobuildanewhighschool.W:It’sabouttimetheydidit.Idon’tknowwhattookthemsolong.Don’ttheyunderstandthateducationisveryimportantforthedevelopmentofacity?第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wherewillthemangofirst?A.Tohisoffice. B.Toalibrary. C.Toagrocerystore.7.Whatwillthemanbuy?A.Abook. B.Ajacket. C.ACD.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Aren’tyougettingoffatthenextstop?M:You’reright.That’swhereIusuallygetofffortheoffice,butit’searlysoIthoughtI’dstayonasfarastheHighStreetanddoacoupleofthings.W:Someshopping?M:Yes,afterI’vegiventhisbookback.I’vejustfinishedthelastchapterandit’safewdayslatesoI’llhavetopayafine,butitisworthit.W:Thenwhichshopareyougoingto?Yousaidyouneedanewjacket.M:I’vealreadyboughtit.I’mgoingtobuyanewCD.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abuilding. B.Adesigner. C.Apicture.9.Whichsubjectdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Music. B.History. C.Math.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Youknow,I’veneverseenthepicturesyoutookofNewYork.M:Didn’tIshowthemtoyouafterIgotback?Well,Ihavethemwithme.Lookatthisone.W:Fantastic.Wherewasthistaken?M:FromthetopoftheWorldTradeCenter.Didyouknowthe

StatueofLiberty

wasdesignedbyaFrenchman?W:Uh-huh.Bartholdi.ItwasgiventotheUnitedStatesbyFranceonthe100thbirthdayoftheUSindependence.M:Youknowalotabouthistory.W:Historyismyfavoritesubject—aftermusic,thatis!M:Oh,Ithoughtyoulikemathbest!Well,let’slookatanotherone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhydidTeresaraiseherhandforthefirsttime?A.Shehadaquestion. B.Sheneededtorelaxherarm. C.Shewantedtousethebathroom.11.WhathadMrJohnsontoldtheclasstodo?A.Savetheirquestions. B.Seeanexcitingmatch. C.Joinintheclassdiscussion.12.Whenwillthefilmbeshown?A.Nextclasssession. B.WhenTeresagetsback. C.Attheendoftheclass.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【解析】【原文】M:Yes,Teresa?Didyouhaveaquestion?W:Oh,sorry,MrJohnson.Iwasjuststretching.M:Butyouraisedyourhand?W:Yes,IjusthadalittlepaininmyarmfromallthecarefulnotesI’vetaken.Iknowyoutoldustosaveallquestionsfortheendofclass.Sorryfortheconfusion.M:Nowonderyouhadtostretch!OK,class,Iwasjusttellingyouabouttheemperorkneelinginthesnow.We’veseenthisbeforeinafamouspainting.Ifyou’lljustturntopage54inyourtextbooks...Yes,Teresa?Doyouhaveanotherpaininyourarm?W:No,MrJohnson.IwaswonderingifIcouldusetherestroom.M:Goaheadbutcomebackquickly.Idon’twanttostarttheshortfilmuntilyouarebackwithus.W:Thankyou,MrJohnson.I’llbebackinlessthanthreeminutes.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whydoesthemantalkwiththewoman?A.Herdogdestroyshisgarden.B.Herdogbringsbackotherdogs.C.Herdogkeepshimfromstudying.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Classmates. C.Husbandandwife.15.Whydoesthewomankeepadog?A.Shelikesdogsverymuch.B.Shewantsonetowatchherhouse.C.Shewantstohaveadogforcompany.16.Whatdoesthemanoffertodowiththewoman’sdog?A.Bringittohishouse. B.Feeditduringlunchtime. C.Walkitseveraltimesaday.【答案】13.C14.A15.C16.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Sandra.Doyouhaveaminutetotalk?W:Sure.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:It’syournewdog.He’salwaysbarkingwhenyou’reout.What’sworseisthathecausesalltheotherdogsintheneighborhoodtobark,too.It’sveryannoying.I’mtryingtostudyforsomeveryimportantexams.W:Idoapologize.Ihadnoidea.I’mawaysomuch.M:Iknow.It’salsowhyhe’sbarkingsomuch.He’slonely.Youshouldn’tkeepadoglikethat.W:Iknow.ButIamalwayslonelyathomeandIthoughthavingadogwouldhelp.M:Well.Icanunderstandthat.Look,it’sonlythebarkingthat’saproblem.Icouldtakehimforashortwalkacoupleoftimesadayifyoulike.W:Oh,thatwouldbegreat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whichmaybringaboutthemostseriouspunishment?A.Smokingordrinkinginthecars.B.Notwearingthehelmetandseatbelt.C.Bumpingintoothercarsbyaccident.18.Whatpunishmentwilltheracersgetfirstfordrivingaggressively?A.Awarning. B.Afine. C.Beingaskedtoleave.19.Howmanyrulesdoesthespeakertalkabout?A.3. B.4. C.5.20.Whatwillthelistenersdonext?A.Getfamiliarwiththepartner.B.Signtheinsuranceforms.C.Haveacheckontheircars.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:OK,welcometoFast&FuriousMiniCars!Beforetheindoorcarrace,Ijustwanttogooversomegroundrules.Number1:Youmustwearyourhelmetandseatbeltatalltimes.Anyonewhoisfoundbreakingthisrulewillbeaskedtoleavetheracetrackandwillnotreceivearefundoftheirdeposit.Number2:Pleasedrivesafely.Thismeansnobumpingintoothercarsonpurpose,andbeawarethatdriverswhoarejudgedtobedrivingtooaggressivelywillbegivenawarningbeforebeingaskedtoleave.Number3:Thereisnoeating,drinking,orsmokinginthevehicles,oryou’llbefined.Finally,pleasemakesureyouarefamiliarwithallthesafetyfeaturesofthevehiclesbeforethefirstracestarts.Theseincludethedoorlocks,theemergencybrakingsystem,andtheemergencylights.You’veallsignedyourinsuranceformsalready,soiftherearenootherquestions,pickoutyourhelmetsandlet’sgetouttothetrackandcheckonthecars!第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（话题：选择性必修三U8Literature）Best-sellingbookshandpickedbyeducationistsandtrustedbycriticshavereturned.TheWonderfulWisdomofAntsPhilipBuntingThinkyouknowants?Thinkagain.Goodhumorandsurpassingfactsarethenameofthegamehere.Thoughseeminglysimple,themoreofthisbookyouread,themoreyoucometorealizehowlittleyoumayactuallyknowaboutthesetinyworkers.Thisbookisfulloftruefunthat’llgenerateanewfoundrespectforourhardworkingneighbors.Giveittokidswhoknownexttonothingaboutants-itmayjustconvertthem.—BetsyBird,collectiondevelopmentmanager,EvanstonPublicLibraryMyThoughtsHaveWingsMaggieSmith,illustratedbyLeanneHatchItcanbeeasytoforgetthatlittlekidshavebigthoughts,strongemotionsandunboundimaginationsspinningthroughtheirbrains.Andthatconstantactivitydoesn'talwaysstopwhenit'stimeforbed.PoetMaggieSmithunderstandsthisandweavesabeautiful.comfortingtaledesignedtoeaseandsettlebusy,anxiousminds.Sheencourageschildrentobuilda“cozynest”fortheirhappythoughts,whilelettingtheirworriesflyaway.Alovelyconversationstarterforkidsandcaregivers.—TaylaBurney,director,NetworkProgrammingandProductionTheYellowBusLorenLongLorenLongtakesusonanunexpectedjourney,followingthelifeofaschoolbusasitsrolechangesovertheyears.Continuingalongthepathofchildren’sclassicslikeVirginiaLeeBurton’sMikeMulliganandHisSteamShovel,youwillhaveaprofoundunderstandingofthepassageoftime.Whentherideisover,readerswillemergefeelingwiser,kinderand,likethetitlecharacter,filledwithjoy.21.WhoistheauthorofMyThoughtsHaveWings?A.PhilipBunting. B.LeanneHatch. C.LorenLong. D.MaggieSmith.22.WhatcanweknowaboutTheYellowBus?A.Itrecordsaschoolbuschangingandgrowingwiththeworldaroundit.B.Itprovidesafamiliarperspectiveforreaderstoexploretheschoollife.C.Itcangreatlyarousereaders’greatsorrowabouttheflyingyouth.D.Itisabeautifulandcomfortingtaletorelaxreaders’anxiousminds.23.Whatdothethreebookshaveincommon?A.Theyareallaboutanimals. B.Theyareallaboutlongjourneys.C.Theyareallchildren’sbooks. D.They'reallaward-winningbooks.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了为孩子们精心挑选的三本畅销书。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据MyThoughtsHaveWings中“MaggieSmith,illustratedbyLeanneHatch(玛吉·史密斯，琳恩·哈奇插图)”可知，《MyThoughtsHaveWings》的作者是玛吉·史密斯，琳恩·哈奇是插画师。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据TheYellowBus中“LorenLongtakesusonanunexpectedjourney,followingthelifeofaschoolbusasitsrolechangesovertheyears.(罗兰·朗带我们踏上了一段意想不到的旅程，跟随一辆校车的生活，随着它的角色多年来的变化。)”可知，《TheYellowBus》记录了一辆校车随着时间推移角色的变化，也就是记录了校车随着周围世界的变化而改变和成长。故选A项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据TheWonderfulWisdomofAnts中“Giveittokidswhoknownexttonothingaboutants-itmayjustconvertthem.(把它送给那些对蚂蚁几乎一无所知的孩子——它可能会改变他们的想法。)”、MyThoughtsHaveWings中“Sheencourageschildrentobuilda“cozynest”fortheirhappythoughts,whilelettingtheirworriesflyaway.(她鼓励孩子们为他们快乐的想法建立一个“舒适的巢”，同时让他们的烦恼飞走。)”以及TheYellowBus中“Continuingalongthepathofchildren’sclassicslikeVirginiaLeeBurton’sMikeMulliganandHisSteamShovel,youwillhaveaprofoundunderstandingofthepassageoftime.(继续阅读弗吉尼亚·李·伯顿的《MikeMulliganandHisSteamShovel》等儿童经典作品，你会对时间的流逝有深刻的理解。)”可知，这三本书的共同之处是它们都是儿童读物。故选C项。B（话题：选择性必修一U1Relationships）Infifthgrade,myfamilymovedacrosstown.Itriedtofitin,butIworemyvulnerability(脆弱)likeanewpairofwhiteshoes.Teresaoftenplayedtricksonme.Onceontheplayground,shesuddenlyhitmeandthenfelltothegroundpretendingtobehurt.Kidsstandingnearbylaughed.MaryLouappeared,tookmetothegirls’bathroomtodealwiththeinjury,andtoldmenottoletTeresateasemeanymore.IwentbackandarguedwithTeresauntilwewereseparatedbytheteacher.ThenwewerepunishedtositontheMistakeBench.ForTeresa,itseemednothinghadhappened.Shekepttalkingtome,butIrefusedtoresponduntilshementionedeveryTuesdayafterschoolhermomwouldtakehertothecitylibrary.Ibegantoenvyher,butdidn’twanthertoknowhowmuch,soIcontinuedtoignoreher.Thatweekend,allthefifth-gradegirlswereinvitedtoapajama(睡衣)party.Thenightprogressedhappilyuntilsomeonesuggestedtellingghoststories.Ihatedthem,buttheredidn’tseemtobeanywayoutofthesituation.Suddenly,MaryLoustartedcrying,“I’mscared.Iwanttogohome.”Shehadreadmymind,butshehadthecouragetosayit.Marycalledherparentsandaskedmetopackupwithher.Thenasmallvoicewhispered,“Iwanttoleavewithyou”.Aswedraggedourthingsout,wesawTeresa.ThethreeofuswaitedonthefrontporchforMaryLou’sdad.Iwasneversogratefultoseeheadlights.Whengettingoff,Teresaaskedwhetherwecouldgotothelibrarywithher.Ihesitated,Marysaidshecouldn’tbutencouragedmetogo.Teresa’swordssoundedsincere,despiteourpreviousstory.Fromthenon,TeresaandIsharedmanytripstothelibraryonTuesday.MaryLouwas,andstillis,myheroine.Haditnotbeenforher,ImightnothavehadtheopportunityorthecouragetoacceptTeresa’sinvitationtothecitylibraryeveryTuesday,whichfueledmyaffectionforbooksinadramaticway.24.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMaryLou?A.Outgoingandconfident. B.Braveandunderstanding.C.Generousandcreative. D.Energeticandambitious25.What’sTeresa’sreactiontotheteacher’spunishment?A.Shetookitlightly. B.Shekeptquitesilent.C.Shefeltratherashamed. D.Sheapologizedseriously.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Kidsatthepartyenjoyedtheghoststories.BIhadenoughcouragetospeakoutmyfear.C.Allthefifth-gradeswereinvitedtotheparty.D.Threegirlsbondedtheirheartstogetherthatnight.27.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.HerfaithinMaryLou. B.HergratitudetoMaryLou.C.MaryLou’scareforher. D.MaryLou’simpressiononher.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在五年级转校后，经历了同学特蕾莎的玩笑和误解，后在同学MaryLou的鼓励和帮助下，逐渐化解误会，与特蕾莎成为朋友，同时表达了对MaryLou的感激之情。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“MaryLouappeared,tookmetothegirls’bathroomtodealwiththeinjury,andtoldmenottoletTeresateasemeanymore.(MaryLou出现了，把我带到女洗手间处理伤口，并告诉我不要再让Teresa捉弄我)”和第三段“Shehadreadmymind,butshehadthecouragetosayit.

(她看透了我的心思，但她有勇气说出来)”可推知MaryLou是勇敢且理解他人的，故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ForTeresa,itseemednothinghadhappened.Shekepttalkingtome,(对于Teresa来说，似乎什么都没有发生。她继续和我说话)”可推知，Teresa对老师的惩罚不以为然，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thenasmallvoicewhispered,“Iwanttoleavewithyou”.Aswedraggedourthingsout,wesawTeresa.ThethreeofuswaitedonthefrontporchforMaryLou’sdad.(然后一个小声音低声说，“我想跟你们一起离开。”我们拖着东西走出去，看到了Teresa。我们三个人在前门廊等MaryLou爸爸)”可知，那天晚上三个女孩紧密联系在一起。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“MaryLouwas,andstillis,myheroine.Haditnotbeenforher,ImightnothavehadtheopportunityorthecouragetoacceptTeresa’sinvitationtothecitylibraryeveryTuesday,whichfueledmyaffectionforbooksinadramaticway.(MaryLou曾经是，现在仍然是，我的英雄。如果不是因为她，我可能没有机会或勇气接受Teresa每周二去市图书馆的邀请，这极大地激发了我对书籍的热爱)”可推知，作者想表达对MaryLou的感激之情，故选B。C（话题：选择性必修一U3Conservation）Newresearchindicatesthat610birdspecieshavediedoutoverthepast130,000years.Forinstance,theKaua'i‘ō’ō,aHawaiiansongbird,wasdeclaredextinctlastyear.Thestudy,ledbyTomMatthewsfromtheUniversityofBirminghamandpublishedinScience,emphasizesan“ongoingbiodiversitycrisis”thatdemandsimmediateattention.Birdsplaycrucialrolesinecosystems,whichincludespreadingseeds,eatinginsects,orreusingdeadmaterial.Vultures,forexample,eatthefleshofdeadanimals.Matthewssaidagoodexampleoftheimportanceofbirdsis“ontheislandsofMauritiusandHawaii,wherealloralmostallthenativebirdsthateatfruithavegoneextinct."Theextinctionoffruit-eatingbirdsinMauritiusandHawaiihasledtoadeclineinseeddispersal,threateningmanytreespecies.Mostdocumentedextinctionshaveoccurredonislands.Lossofhabitathasasignificantimpactduetolimitedspace.Flightlessislandbirds(meaningtheycannotflyawaytoescapenaturalenemies),likethelarge“elephantbirds”ofMadagascarandthemoabirdsofNewZealand,wereparticularlyvulnerabletopredators(掠食者)andhumanhunting,leadingtotheirdisappearanceafterhumanarrival.Humanhuntingwasamajorcauseinthepastandremainsaprobleminsomeareas,especiallythesongbirdtradeinSoutheastAsia.Diseaseslikeavianmalariaintroducedbyhumanshavealsocausedextinctions,andtheimpactofclimatechangeonbirdsisstilllargelyunknown.Thestudywarnsthattheactualnumberofextinctspeciescouldbeunderestimated.Thisisbecauseofalackofdatafromsomeareasandthefactthatsomelostspeciesmaynothaveleftbehindbonesorotherevidence.Withonly11,000birdspeciesremaining,researchersprognosticateover1,000morecouldgoextinctinthenexttwocenturies.Theselosseswouldnotonlybeamoralandethicalconcernbutalsodisrupttheenvironment'sfunctionality.Humanactivitiescontinuetoposesignificantthreatstobirdpopulations.Climatechange'simpactonbirdsremainslargelyunknown,addingtotheurgencyofconservationefforts.28.Whichofthefollowingcontributestotheextinctionofbirdsonislands?A.Theintroductionofnewspecies. B.Theincreaseinpredators.C.Thelackoffoodresources. D.Thelossofhabitat.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Realize. B.Estimate. C.Admit. D.Suspect.30.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthecurrentsituationofbirdextinction?A.Optimistic B.Indifferent C.Concerned D.Doubtful31.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toinformandadvertise. B.Topresentandanalyze.C.Toamuseandentertain. D.Tocompareandargue.【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了鸟类在过去130,000年间的灭绝情况，并对人类活动对鸟类灭绝的影响进行了分析和警示。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Mostdocumentedextinctionshaveoccurredonislands.Lossofhabitathasasignificantimpactduetolimitedspace.(大多数已记录的灭绝都发生在岛屿上。由于空间有限，栖息地的丧失对鸟类造成了重大影响)”可知，岛屿上鸟类的灭绝主要与栖息地丧失有关。故选D。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Thestudywarnsthattheactualnumberofextinctspeciescouldbeunderestimated.(研究警告称，实际上灭绝的物种数量可能被低估)以及“over1,000morecouldgoextinctinthenexttwocenturies.(在接下来的两个世纪里，还有1000多种物种可能会灭绝)”和可推知研究人员在预测未来灭绝的鸟类数量，prognosticate应是“估计，预测”的意思，故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theselosseswouldnotonlybeamoralandethicalconcernbutalsodisrupttheenvironment'sfunctionality.Humanactivitiescontinuetoposesignificantthreatstobirdpopulations.Climatechange'simpactonbirdsremainslargelyunknown,addingtotheurgencyofconservationefforts.(这些损失不仅是道德和伦理问题，而且还会破坏环境的功能。人类活动对鸟类种群继续构成重大威胁。气候变化对鸟类的影响仍然大部分未知，增添了保护工作的紧迫性)”可知，作者对鸟类灭绝的现状表示担忧，故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过数据和案例具体分析了鸟类的灭绝现象及其影响，并致力于强调解决鸟类灭绝问题的紧迫性。目的是呈现灭绝现象并对原因进行分析。故选B。D（话题：必修一U3Celebrations）AtleastaquarterofpeopletypicallymakeatleastoneNewYear’sresolution(计划),andalargeportionofthosegoodintentionsendindisappointment.Rationallyspeaking,January1stshouldbenobetterthananyotherdaytomakealifechange-sowhyputtheneedlesspressureonourselvesto“upgrade”ourlivesattheopeningofanewcalendar?Recentpsychologicalresearch,however,suggeststhattherearemanygoodreasonstobeginanewlifeonthefirstdayofanewyear.Psychologistshavefoundthat,ratherthanseeingourlifeasacontinuum,wetendtocraftanarrative,dividedintoseparate“chapters”thatmarkthedifferentstagesofourlife.Peopletendtothinkaboutlifeasifthey’recharactersinabook.“Anytimeyouhaveamomentthatfeelslikeadivisionoftime,yourminddoesaspecialthingwhereitcreatesasensethatyouhaveafreshstart,”saysKatyMilkman,apsychologyprofessoratTheWhartonSchooloftheUniversityofPennsylvania.“You’returningthepage,youhaveacleanstartandit’sanewbeginning.”Itworkedatreat.Thestudentswhohadbeenencouragedtothinkofa“freshstart”weremorelikelytostartanewgymhabit,improvetheirsleephygieneorspendlesstimeonsocialmedia,comparedtothosewhohadnotbeenprimedtoseethedateasasignificantdivisioninthetimeline.TheNewYearisanespeciallycompellingstartingpoint.“Itisabigchapterbreakformostpeople,”saysMilkman.Thewayyouframeyourresolutionscouldmakeanimportantdifference.Wecanoftenturnanavoidancegoalintoanapproachgoaltomaximizeourchancesofsuccess.Supposingyouwanttoloseweight.“InsteadofsayingthatIwanttostopeatingacandybareveryday,ImightinsteadsaythatIwanttostarteatingcarrotseachafternoon,”anexpertsays.Anyjourneyworthpursuingwillincludeafewbumpsalongtheway-butyoucangreatlyincreaseyourlikelihoodofreachingyourgoalsthroughmanyways.32.WhatisthecommonproblemwithNewYear’sresolutionsaccordingtothetext?A.Peoplemaketoomanyresolutions. B.Manyresolutionsareagreatburden.C.Manyresolutionsendupbeingunfulfilled. D.PeoplemakeresolutionsonlyonJanuary1st.33.Howcanyousetyourgoalifyouwanttokeepfitaccordingtothepassage?A.Bybeginningjogging. B.Bygivingupsmoking.C.Byincreasingscreentime. D.Byavoidingstayinguplate.34.Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthenextpartofthepassage?A.Thewaystoincreasechancesofsuccess. B.Theapproachestoachievingaims.C.Themeansofframingresolutions. D.Themethodsforavoidingbumps.35.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NewYear’sResolutions,aSurePathtoSuccessB.NewYear’sResolutions,aKeyTimelineDivisionC.NewYear’sResolutions,aturningFreshStartD.NewYear’sResolutions,aWorthlessTrytoImprove【答案】32.C33.A34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了做新年决定的好处，并且给出了一些建议。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AtleastaquarterofpeopletypicallymakeatleastoneNewYear’sresolution(计划),andalargeportionofthosegoodintentionsendindisappointment.(至少有四分之一的人通常会制定至少一个新年计划，而其中很大一部分的良好愿望最终都以失望告终。)”可知，新年决心的常见问题是许多新年计划最终以失望告终，即很多计划没有实现。故选C项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Wecanoftenturnanavoidancegoalintoanapproachgoaltomaximizeourchancesofsuccess.Supposingyouwanttoloseweight.“InsteadofsayingthatIwanttostopeatingacandybareveryday,ImightinsteadsaythatIwanttostarteatingcarrotseachafternoon,”anexpertsays.(我们经常可以把逃避目标变成接近目标，从而最大化我们成功的机会。假设你想减肥。一位专家说：“与其说我想停止每天吃一块糖果，倒不如说我想开始每天下午吃胡萝卜。”)”可知，第四段提到可以将回避目标转化为接近目标来提高成功几率，比如把“停止每天吃糖果棒”变成“每天下午开始吃胡萝卜”。所以如果想保持健康，把开始慢跑作为目标符合这种将目标转化为积极行动的方式，A选项正确。B选项“戒烟”是回避目标；C选项“增加屏幕时间”不利于健康；D选项“避免熬夜”也是回避目标。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Anyjourneyworthpursuingwillincludeafewbumpsalongtheway-butyoucangreatlyincreaseyourlikelihoodofreachingyourgoalsthroughmanyways.(任何值得追求的旅程都会有一些颠簸，但你可以通过多种方式大大增加实现目标的可能性。)”可知，此处表明可以通过多种方式提高实现目标的可能性，由此可推知，接下来很可能会讲这些提高成功几率的方法。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“Recentpsychologicalresearch,however,suggeststhattherearemanygoodreasonstobeginanewlifeonthefirstdayofanewyear.(然而，最近的心理学研究表明，在新年的第一天开始新生活有很多很好的理由。)”可知，文章开篇提出新年计划常令人失望，接着解释新年是一个新的开始，人们倾向于将新年视为生活新篇章的起点，最后提到制定计划的方式对实现目标很重要。故这篇文章的最佳标题是“新年计划，翻开新篇章的全新开始”。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wewillallexperiencesometracesofself-doubt,thatisnatural.Butlivingwithself-doubtcanbeverychallenging.Itlimitspotentialandbreaksmorale(士气).____36____Self-compassionisthekey.Weoftendoubtourselveswhenwehavethefearoflosing,butthatisagreatmistakewemake.Everyonewillmakemistakesatsomepointintheirlives,butwehavetogrowfromthosemistakesandtransformthemintoalesson.____37____Beginyourdaywithapositiveattitude.Lookatyourselfinthemirrorandsaysomepositivewords.____38____Rememberthetimewhenyouachievedsomethingoutstanding?Self-reflectionisoneofthebesttoolstokillself-doubt.Itmakesyourememberthatyouonceachievedsomethinggreat,anditmakesyoubelievethatyoucanachievethatlevelofsuccessagainthroughconcentratedefforts.Takeamomentregularlytolookbackonyourpastgloriesandusethemassteppingstonestopushyouforward,ratherthanallowingself-doubttoovershadowyourpotentialandholdyouback.Alwaysbeinthecompanyofsupportivepeople.“Youareknownbythecompanyyoukeep”,isoneofthebestsayingstoexplainthisstrategy.Weshouldbesurroundedbypeoplethatsupportandloveus,notpeoplethatconstantlymakeusdoubtourselves.Beingaroundnegativepeopleisverybadforourmentalhealth.Whenyouareinthecompanyofgoodpeople,youwillalwaysbeencouragedtobebetter.____39____Seekprofessionalhelpifnecessary.Sometimesthesituationcanbecometoomuchtohandle.Thisisthetimewhenweshouldseekprofessionalhelp.____40____Butoncehandledproperly,itwon’tbotheryouanymore.Talkaboutyourfeelingsoften,andletallthenegativeemotionsout.Thiswillmakeyoufeelalotbetter.Loveyourselfmoreandyourproblemswillstartdecreasing!A.Reflectbackonyourpastachievements.B.Beingsurroundedbytheminviteslowspirits.C.Herearesometipsforyoutolivewithself-doubt.D.Learnfrommistakesandtryyourhardesttobebetter.E.Self-doubtcanbecomeaconstantdragifnottakencareof.F.Theywillhelpyourecoverfromnegativeandstressfulsituations.G.Thefollowingaresomestrategiesyoucanemploytoovercomeself-doubt.【答案】36.G37.D38.A39.F40.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了可以用来克服自我怀疑的策略。36题详解】根据上文“Butlivingwithself-doubtcanbeverychallenging.Itlimitspotentialandbreaksmorale(士气)(但是带着自我怀疑生活是非常具有挑战性的。它限制了潜能，挫伤了士气)”以及下文提供的策略内容可知，选项承上启下。故G选项“以下是一些你可以用来克服自我怀疑的策略”切题。故选G项。【37题详解】根据上文“Everyonewillmakemistakesatsomepointintheirlives,butwehavetogrowfromthosemistakesandtransformthemintoalesson.(每个人都会在人生的某个阶段犯错误，但我们必须从这些错误中成长，并把它们转化为教训)”可知，选项承接上文鼓励从失败中学习。故D选项“从错误中学习，尽最大努力变得更好”切题。故选D项。【38题详解】根据下文“Rememberthetimewhenyouachievedsomethingoutstanding?Self-reflectionisoneofthebesttoolstokillself-doubt.Itmakesyourememberthatyouonceachievedsomethinggreat,anditmakesyoubelievethatyoucanachievethatlevelofsuccessagainthroughconcentratedefforts.Takeamomentregularlytolookbackonyourpastgloriesandusethemassteppingstonestopushyouforward,ratherthanallowingself-doubttoovershadowyourpotentialandholdyouback.(还记得你取得杰出成就的时候吗？自我反省是消除自我怀疑的最佳工具之一。它会让你记住你曾经取得过的伟大成就，它会让你相信，通过集中努力，你可以再次取得同样的成功。经常花点时间回顾你过去的辉煌，把它们作为推动你前进的垫脚石，而不是让自我怀疑掩盖你的潜力，阻碍你前进)”可知，本段主要讲要回顾一下你过去的成就。故A选项“回顾一下你过去的成就”切题。故选A项。【39题详解】根据上文“Whenyouareinthecompanyofgoodpeople,youwillalwaysbeencouragedtobebetter.(当你和优秀的人在一起时，你总是会被鼓励变得更好)”可知，选项承接上个说明和优秀的人在一起的作用。故F选项“他们会帮助你从消极和紧张的情况中恢复过来”切题。故选F项。【40题详解】根据上文“Sometimesthesituationcanbecometoomuchtohandle.Thisisthetimewhenweshouldseekprofessionalhelp.(有时情况会变得难以处理。这是我们应该寻求专业帮助的时候)”可知，选项承接上文说明如果不寻求专业帮助的后果。故E选项“如果不加以处理，自我怀疑会一直拖累你”切题。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两