完形填空夹叙夹议文 - 高考英语 （原卷版）

完形填空夹叙夹议文完形填空夹叙夹议文概述命题规律：考点：以实词为主，侧重对动词（短语）、名词和形容词的考查。重点在上下文语境理解上，词汇运用次之。每小题给出的单词多为同一类词。所设的选项更具有干扰性，更加强调对语境的考查。核心考点：逻辑推理，把考查的重点放在理解全文、通篇考虑、掌握大意、注重关联等方面。题型和考查角度：1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，边读边填，多凭预感可知答案，难度较易。2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示，难度一般。3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断，难度较大。解题策略：1.重视首句，把握文章主题。首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作目的或写作背景，为全面理解文章找到突破口。2.分析结构，抓住作者观点态度。在做题时要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。利用上下文，关注过渡词，理清逻辑关系。理清记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。常考逻辑关系有：并列、转折、递进、对比、因果、让步、例证等。逻辑关系例词对立关系：让步和转折but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,unfortunately,although,eventhough,nevertheless,inspiteof,regardlessof,anyhow,insteadof,ratherthan,not…but等。因果关系because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…that,such…that,inorderthat,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,inresponseto,onaccountof,becauseof,consideringthat,seeingthat,inthat,nowthat,asaresult,forthisreason等。并列关系and,or,neither…nor,either…or,notonly…butalso,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame…as等。递进关系then,besides,additionally,inaddition,furthermore,moreover,whatismore,what’sworse,evenworse等。总分关系suchas,forexample,forinstance,toillustrate,asanillustration,totakeanexample,morespecifically等。【典例】（2023届吉林省东北师大附中、长春一中等5所重点高中联考）IhavetoadmitI’manold-schoolreader.Putsimply,I

41oldbooks.A．buy B．love C．recommend D．Hate复读全文验答案：填空全部完成后，将选项代入原文，通读一遍，看读文是否流畅、语意是否连贯，对感到很不通顺的地方，可以从语法、词文、习惯用法、固定搭配、背景知识等方面进一步验证和确定答案。针对高考夹叙夹议性的完形填空题的解题技能要求较高，考试应当具有较强的聚合思维并保持注意力高度集中。在具体的解题中，还需掌握以下解题方法：知识点一利用首句解题首句通常是文章的主题句，便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。把握了主题句,

对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。（2023年新高考I卷）OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave____21____thecourseearlierthanshedid.21.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished知识点二利用语境暗示解题上下文或语境具体体现为：全文的中心和主题、作者的态度和评价、上下文的语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。无论是句内层次题还是句组层次题，我们常可通过上下文或语境暗示，推导出正确答案。(2020年全国卷Ⅰ)Iwonderif49.parentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.consequences.Ihaveaverystrong51.fearthattheliewe'retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.A．physical B．biological C．spiritual D．behavioral知识点三利用情感态度解题在做完形填空时，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的基础上，留意能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的词汇。因为这些词汇通常为我们做题的重要参考线索，可帮助我们快速确定某些题目的答案。(2021年天津高考3月)Formostpeople,havingthingsstolenfeelslikeanoffence.RobbiePruittadmittedthathegot16whenhediscoveredthetheftofhismountainbikelastSeptember.Butsoonenough,his17.emotionstookaturn.Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathy18.instead.A．amazed B．madC．curious D．frightened知识点四利用生活常识或文化背景解题完形填空中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗人情等方面的知识，做题时利用这些知识，特别是注意中西方文化差异，巧妙地加以运用将会大大简化分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间。1.(2020年天津高考)Joneswas21whenshesaidthatshedidn'tactually22.mindbeingcheated.A．ashamed B．shockedC．excited D．amused2.Justlastyear,Iwas56.conductingaworkshopwhensomeoneknockedattheclassroomdoor.Awoman__57__theinterruptionandhandedmeanenvelope.57．A.regretted B．avoidedC．excused D．ignored知识点五分解长难句，理清句意遇到完形填空的长难句，可以采用意群兼顾句子成分把句子分割成一个个意群（可以是不定式短语、分词短语、动名词短语、介词短语、形容词短语、名词短语等）、标点符号和连接词将其拆分为较易的简单句，再根据选项和上下文意思解题。长难句详见本专辑第八讲《句子成分+基本句型+句子种类+长难句讲练测》【典例】Oncethere,Lenouewas____49____andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.49.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated考向一动词词义辨析（2023年吉林省东北师大附中、长春一中等5所重点高中联考）Aloneinanewcityto42myfirstdailynewspaperjob,IwasfeelingvaguelyanxiousasIdippedintoaused

bookstoreto43.relievemy

mind.42．A．stop B．lose C．keep D．take考向二名词词义辨析（2023年四川省成都七中高三检测试题）Peoplemaymisunderstandwhattheyusedtobefamiliarwith.Iremembera41professor,invitedtoourschool,taughtstressmanagementprinciplesinaschoolhall42.filledwithstudents.41．A．physics B．chemistry C．literature D．psychology考向三形容词词义辨析（2023年湖北省高三年级5月联考英语试题）Yettherangeoffactorsshapingeachgenerationismuch53thanitoncewas.53．A．smaller B．fuller C．shorter D．broader考向四副词词义辨析（2023年浙江省杭州市高三试题）Theiryoungsonwas42.fascinatedbytheswallowandaskedmanyquestionsaboutit.Asthefamilywasleaving,Iaskedtheboyifhewouldlikeastickertoputonhisshirt.He43choseaswallowsticker.quicklyB.slowlyC.deliberatelyD.casually考向五介词词义辨析（2023年浙江省杭州市高三试题）Irecentlypurchasedmyfirstlaptopcomputer.Indiscussionswiththe50.salesman,hesaid,“Withintwoyears,you’llprobablywantanewoneanyway.”WhywouldIwantanewone,51myoldonewasworking?Iwon’t53.needneedanewlaptopintwoyears.A．if B．for C．but D．Besides（2018年全国I卷）Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga"free"course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I____41____theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn'twantto____42____afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t____43____enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour____44____wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which____45____Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's____46____.Icouldhardlywaitto____47____him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis____48____wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit____49____thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto_____50_____theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto_____51_____whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,_____52_____,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat_____53_____andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe_____54_____.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtingtousewhathe_____55_____me:“Theabsolutemostimportant_____56_____thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood_____57_____.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto_____58_____asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手）isdoingand_____59_____thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy_____60_____asajournalist.41.A.putforward B.jumpedat C.triedout D.turneddown42.A.waste B.earn C.save D.pay43.A.excited B.worried C.moved D.tired44.A.title B.competitor C.textbook D.instructor45.A.urged B.demanded C.held D.meant46.A.fastest B.easiest C.best D.rarest47.A.interview B.meet C.challenge D.beat48.A.chance B.qualification C.honor D.job49.A.real B.perfect C.clear D.possible50.A.attend B.pass C.skip D.observe51.A.add B.expose C.apply D.compare52.A.eventually B.naturally C.directly D.normally53.A.game B.presentation C.course D.experiment54.A.criterion B.classroom C.department D.situation55A.taught B.wrote C.questioned D.promised56.A.fact B.step C.manner D.skill57.A.grades B.decisions C.impressions D.comments58.A.analyze B.describe C.rebuild D.control59.A.announce B.signal C.block D.evaluate60.A.role B.desire C.concern D.behavior（2018年北京卷）TheHomelessHeroFormany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith£400incashwouldbeasource（来源）oftemptation（诱惑）.Butthe____16____wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith_____17_____moreremarkable.Afterspottinga____18____onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe_____19_____toreturn.Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he_____20_____insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact（联系）thedriver,onlyto_____21_____itcontained£400innotes,withanother£50insparechangebesideit.Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter_____22_____anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar’sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar—whichwasitselfworth£35,000—inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere_____23_____tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas_____24_____.ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis_____25_____.Mr.Andersonsaid：＂Icouldn’tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight_____26_____hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand_____27_____hedidn’ttakethewalletforhimself；hethoughtaboutothers_____28_____.It’sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare____29____guysoutthere.＂Mr.Smith’sact_____30_____muchofthepublic’sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson_____31_____abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto_____32_____moneyforMr.Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8,000.＂Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown_____33_____himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghim