“轻断食”“断碳水”真的管用吗（如何控制体重）-2025年中考英语复习专练

热点03“轻断食”“断碳水”真的管用吗

（如何控制体重）

热点解读

有关体重与健康的英语阅读主题围绕“轻断食”“断碳水”等流行减肥方法的科学性与争议展开，属于社会

热点与健康科普的交叉领域。材料通常以“质疑流行观点一科学验证一提出解决方案”为逻辑主线，例如通过

对比短期减重效果（如水分流失）与长期健康风险（代谢紊乱、营养失衡），引导学生辩证看待减肥方法的

有效性。同时，主题会融入健康体重管理的核心要素（如热量控制、运动干预），强调理论与实践的结合，

符合初中生认知发展的需求。

阅读语篇选材多采用说明文与议论文结合的混合体裁。说明文部分通过科学实验数据（如BMI指数计

算）、权威机构建议（如国家卫健委指南）解释“断碳水”的生理机制与潜在危害；议论文部分以观点对比（如

“快速减肥”与“均衡饮食”）引发批判性思考，并引用具体案例（如因断碳水导致内分泌失调的案例）增强说

服力。语篇语言兼具专业性（如代谢率、卡路里等术语）与生活化表达（如“身体像发动机”的类比），便于

学生理解抽象概念。

此类材料的命题设计紧扣中考英语阅读的三大题型特点：主旨题要求归纳健康减重的核心理念（如“合

理饮食+规律运动”），需通过首尾段主题句定位答案；推断题考查对隐性信息的理解，例如根据“轻断食可

能导致肌肉流失”的表述，推断科学减脂的关键在于保留肌肉；细节题聚焦数据与事实（如“每日500-600卡

轻断食方案”），需快速定位关键词（如数字、专有名词）完成匹配。

限时提升练《（建议用时：40分钟）

热点话题01

“身材”“腰臀比”与“体重指数”等

Passage1

©DuringtheHanDynastypeoplepreferredsmallwaists,whileintheTangDynastypeopleadmired

plumpness（圆润）,consideringitasymbolofbeauty.Untilthisday,people'sbuildisstillahottopic.

②Nowsomegirlsdon'tfeelconfidentiftheyhaveapear-shapedbuild,withhipsthatarewiderthanthe

bustandshoulders.Manypear-shapedgirlstrytohidetheirhipsandlegsunderlargedressesandpants.

©However,arecentstudysuggestedthatpear-shapedpeoplearetheoneswhowonthegeneticlottery（基因

彩票）!

④ThestudybytheUSNationalLibraryofMedicinefoundthatthewaist-to-hipratio（WHR,腰臀比）

showsthestrongestrelationshipwithdeath.Traditionally,theBMI（体重指数）hasbeenconsideredthebestwayto

judgewhetherapersonishealthyornot.However,thisstudychallengesthisconclusion.Aftersurveyingnearly

40,000people,scientistsfoundnomatterwhataperson'sBMIis,thelargerhisWHRis,theeasierhewilldie.

Insteadoffocusingonhowmuchfatapersonhas,scientistssuggestpeopleshouldfocusmoreonwherethefatis

inaperson'sbody.

⑤WHR,asitsnamesuggests,comparesyourwaisttoyourhip.Alargerwaistmeansmorecentralfat,which

couldmeanmorevisceralfat（内脏脂肪）.Morevisceralfatincreasestheriskofillnesses.Thafswhypeoplewitha

pear-shapedbodyarealwayshealthierthanothers.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,ahealthyWHRis

lessthan0.85forwomenandlessthan0.9formen.

©ResearchersfromJohnsHopkinsUniversitysuggestedweshouldfocusmoreonhealthinsteadofthe

build.Asmiddleschoolstudents,sincewearegrowing,it'sprettycommontoputonsomeweightandgetbigger.

Wecan'tcontrolournaturalbodytypes,butwecancontrolourhealth.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"if'inParagraph1referto?

A.Smallwaist.B.Plumpness.C.Thegoodbuild.D.Pear-shapedbody.

2.Whichofthefollowingshouldgirlsfocusmoreonaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheyshouldtrytokeeptheirBMIaslowaspossibletogetgoodhealth.

B.TheyshouldkeeptheirWHRwithinthehealthylimitoflessthan0.85.

C.Theyonlyneedtomaketheirwaistsassmallaspossibletolookpretty.

D.TheyshouldfocusoncuttingdownbothBMIandWHRtothelowest.

3.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?

A.①②/③/④/⑤⑥B.①/②/③④/⑤⑥

C.①②/③/④⑤/⑥D.①/②/③④⑤/⑥

4.Whatmayhappenaccordingtothepassage?

A.Pear-shapedgirlswillstopwearinglargeclothes.

B.Doctorswon'tuseBMItocheckpeople'shealth.

C.PeoplewillcaremoreaboutWHRforhealth.

D.Schoolswillteachmoreaboutbodyshapes.

Passage2

©Americansspendbillionsofdollarseachyeartryingtochangetheirweight.Justhavinganeatinghealth

carecostsnearly$2,000perpersonintheUS.Whyaresomanypeopletryingtheirbesttolook“perfect”?

②Onereasonisthatsocietyrewards（奖励）peoplewhoarethinandhealthy-looking.Researcheshave

shownthatagoodbodyshapehassomethingtodowithwages（工资），especiallyforwomen.Thatmeanshow

muchyou'repaideverymonthpartlydependsonhowyourbossconsidersyourbodyshape.

©Besides,womenalwayscaremoreabouttheirweightthanmen.Theyalwaysthinkthey5reheavierthan

theyactuallyare.

©However,tryingtolook“perfect“hasadarkside:worry,depression（抑有B）andunhealthywaystolose

weight.

（§）TomQuinn,adoctorworkingforWHO,sayspeoplewhoaren'tsatisfiedwiththeirbodyshapemight

developaneatingproblem."Thisisonlyoneofmanyillnessesthatitcanleadto.^^hesays.

@Sohowcanwestarttodealwithaproblemthathasbeenaroundforyears?StateofMichiganhasdone

somethingtostopthiskindofdiscrimination（歧视）onbodyshape.Michiganchangedlaws-whoevertreatsothers

lessfairlyjustbecauseoftheirbodyshapewouldbepunished.

⑦Ibelievemoreactionswillbetakentoprotectourrights.Hopepeoplealwaysputtheirhealthfirstand

giveuptheideaofhavinga“perfect“bodyshape.

1.Accordingtothewriter,agirlwhowantstolookperfectMAYNOTbe.

9普

2.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Agoodbodyshapehasnothingtodowithmen'swagesintheworkplace.

B.Womencaremoreaboutwhethertheyhaveagoodbodyshapethanmendo.

C.Fewerandfewerpeoplemightbetreatedunfairlyfortheirimperfectbodyshape.

D.Mostofthepeoplewhohaveaperfectbodyshapecangetanother$2,000everymonth.

3.Whafsthepurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Toshowpeopletheimportanceofhavingagoodbodyshape.

B.Totellpeoplethewaytogethigherwagesintheirworkplace.

C.Towarnbossesnottotreatothersunfairlyfortheirimperfectbodyshape.

D.Tomakepeoplelessworriedaboutbodyshapeandprotectthemselves.

4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?

-Introduction:(T)

-latroduction:

Reasons:Reasons:

Problems:(4)

A.Bodyshape"Problems:00B.Bodyshape-

Suggestion:^Y?)

Action:

-Conclusion:(7)

-Conclusion:0©

-Introduction:

-Introduclion:®

Reasons:

R年ons:®

C.Highwages-Problems:(3D.Highwages-Problems:®

Action:Suggestion:®

-Conclusion:LConclusion:

热点话题02

肥胖症：原因及危害

Passage1

Obesity(月巴胖症)isbecomingaseriousproblemamongpeopleofallagesnow.Itissaidthatabout41.1%of

Chinesemenand27.7%ofChinesewomenareoverweightorobese.

HowdoIknowwhetherIamoverweight?

WorkoutyourBodyMassIndex(BMI)(身体质量指数).BMI=Weight(kg)/Height2(m2)

WaystoControlYourWeight

Heartproblems*Drinkalotofwater.

Highbloodpressure*Eatmorefruitandvegetables.

Highbloodsugar"Exercisealot.

Cancer（癌症）*Keepaneyeonyourweight.

Eatingtoomuch*Stayawayfromfoodwithhighsugarorfat.

Poorsleep*Relaxandhaveenoughsleep.ReasonsforObesity

1.IfNickisconsideredobese,hisBMImaybe.

A.23B.28C.32

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin“"？

A.ResultsofObesity

B.WaysofLosingWeight

C.AnIntroductiontoBeingObese

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Youmaygetobesebecauseofenoughsleep.

B.BMIisanumberthatcantellifyou'reobese.

C.Obesityisaseriousproblemonlyinteenagers.

4.Wemayreadthistextfromthesectionofinanewspaper.

A.HealthCareB.EatingCustomsC.ScienceWindow

Passage2

Inourbusysocietywherefoodisreadilyavailable（可得至！J的）fromdelivery（递送）servicesandfastfood

restaurants,almostoneinthreeAmericanadultsisnowconsideredtobeobese.Childhoodobesityisalsoatan

all-timehigh.

Obesitymeansveryoverweight.Ifyouareobese,youhavetoomuchbody-fat.Doctorsdefine（定义）obesity

ashavingaBodyMassIndex（BMI）of30orhigher,andoverweightashavingaBMIof25to30.

Ifyoueatmorefoodthanyourbodycanuse,thiswillmakeyouputonweight.Foodthatyourbodydoesnot

needasenergywillbestoredasfatbyyourbody.

Thefollowingarethemajorfactorsthatincreasetheriskofobesity.

•Whatyoueatplaysamajorroleinweightgain.Eatingalotoffatteningfoodssuchashamburgers,sweet

drinks,icecreamsandothersweetandfattyfoodscanincreasetheriskofbecomingobese.

•Ifyoudonotdoenoughexercise,youwillputonweightasthefoodyoueatisnotbeingusedtomake

energyforphysicalactivities.

•Thechancesofyoubeingobesearegreaterifyourparentsareobese.

•Therearemanypsychological（心理的）factorsthatcausepeopletoeattoomuch.

Peoplewhoarestressed,unhappyorboredwillofteneattomakethemselvesfeelbetter.Thisisknownas

comforteating.

•Ageisanotherfactor,asyoutendtobelessactivewhenyougetolder.Theamountofmuscleinyourbody

usuallydecreases（下降）asyougetolderandthiscausesthemetabolism（新陈代谢）toslowdown.Asaresultof

thesechanges,youneedtoeatless,andifyoudonoteatlessasyougrowolder,youwillputonweight.

Obesitycancausemanyhealthdisorderssuchashighbloodpressure,diabetes（糖尿病），heartproblems,

cancerandmanyotherseriousmedicalconditions.

1.Whatcausesolderpeopletobecomeobese?

A.Eatingtoolittlewhileexercisingtoomuch.B.Sleepingallday.

C.Havingtoomuchbeerwhileyoung.D.Slowermetabolism.

2.Theunderlinedsentence/Childhoodobesityisalsoatanall-timehigh."suggeststhat.

A.alltheAmericanchildrenareobeseB.therearemoreobesechildrenthanbefore

C.therearefewerobesechildrenintheUSAD.obesitydoesnoharmtohealth

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutobesityistrue?

A.Obesityandoverweightareactuallythesame.B.Eatingtoomuchincreasetheriskofobesity.

C.Onlychildrencanbeobese.D.Exercisemakesnodifferencetoobesity.

4.Whatisthenextparagraphofthisarticlemostprobablyabout?

A.Howdoctorstreatdisease.B.Howdiseasesarecausedbyobesity.

C.Howtoavoidobesity.D.HowtogetusedtothebusylifeintheUSA.

热点话题03

体重背后的科学

Passage1

Isthereabesttimetosleep?Actually,youhaveanamazingbiologicalclock（生物钟）insideyourbody

whichcantellyousometruefacts.

From11p.m.to3a.m.,yourliver（肝脏）getslargerwhenfilledwithmorebloodanditletstherubbishin

yourbodyout.Ifyougotosleepat11p.m.,youhave4hourstocleanouttherubbish.AndIfyousleepat2a.m.,

there'sonlyonehourtogo.Whatifyousleepafter3a.m.?Unfortunately,youwon'thaveanytimetoclean

yourself!Ifyoucontinuewiththissleepinghabit,therewillbemoretoxins（毒素）inyourbody.Youknowwhat

willhappennext.

Whatifyougotobedlateandwakeuplate?Didyourealizeyoufeltverytiredthenextdaynomatterhow

muchyouslept?

Goingtobedlateisverybadforyourhealth.Besidesnothavingenoughtimetocleanyourbody,youwill

missoutonotherimportantbodyfunctions,too.

From3a.m.to5a.m.,youshouldexerciseandbreatheinfreshairtotakeingoodenergyintoyourbody.

Andfrom7a.m.to9a.m.,ifsthebesttimetohavebreakfast.Thisisyourmostimportantmealinaday.Not

havingbreakfastcauseslotsofhealthproblemsinthefuture.

Soyoumustknowtheimportanceofyourbiologicalclock.Ifyouhavemuchworktodountillateatnight,

whynotgotobedearlyandwakeupearlytodoit?You'llgetthesametime,butyourbodywillgetfit.

1.Whattimeareyousupposedtogotobed?

A.At11p.m.B.At2a.m.C.At3a.m.D.At5a.m.

2.Whatwillhappentoyouifyoualwaysgotobedlate?

A.You'11loseweight.B.Ybu911domorework.

C.Yourliverwillgetlarger.D.Therewillbemoretoxinsinyourbody.

3.Theunderlinedword"functions^^inParagraph4probablymeansinChinese.

A.素质B.功能C.释放D.消化

4.WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theliverhelpscleanouttherubbishinthebody.

B.It'sbesttohavebreakfastbetween7a.m.to9a.m.

C.It'snecessarytostayuplateifthere9smuchworktodo.

D.You'dbetterenjoyagoodsleepfrom11p.m.to3a.m.

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Followyourbiologicalclockandyou'llgetfit.B.Dodifferentthingsindifferenttimesofaday.

C.Doingexerciseisquitenecessary.D.Gotobedasearlyaspossible.

Passage2

Whatmakespeoplegainweight?Thisseemslikeasimpleenoughquestiontoanswer.Ifweeatalotand

don'tdoenoughexercise,wewillbecomefat.However,thesciencebehindweightproblemismorecomplicated

（复杂的）thanwethink.

Asweknow,whatweeatgreatlyaffects（影响）ourweight.Itiswidelyacceptedthatpeoplehave100%

controlwhattheyeatandhowmuchtheyeat.This,however,isonlypartlytrue.Peopleformhabitsaroundfoodat

ayoungage.Youmaynottouchvegetableswhileovereatingdeliciousbeef.Also,theservingsizeandthe

backgroundmusiccanbothaffecthowmuchweeat.

Ourbodiesthemselvescandecidewhetherwearemorelikelytogainweightorloseweight.Scientistshave

foundthatthemoredeliciousthefoodtastes,themoreexcitedourbrainsget.Ifweoftenhavedeliciousfood,over

time,ourbrainswillchange.Comparedtopeopleofnormalweight,fatpeoplefeelmoreexcitedwhentheysee

deliciousfood.

Also,ourbodiesuseavarietyofhormones（多种激素）totellourbrainswhethertheyarehungryorfull.

Ghrelin（胃饥饿素），forexample,tellsthebrainthatthebodywantsfood.Leptin（瘦素）,meanwhile,tellsthebrain

thatit'stimetostopeating.Normally,ghrelinandleptinhelpustomaintainahealthyweight.Butsometimes,they

mayworkimproperly.Aswegetfatter,thelevelsofleptininourbodiesrise.Ourbrainsaretoldnottoeatallthe

time.Intheend,theywouldnolongertrustleptinandwouldstopreplyingtoits“warnings”.Whenwestarttolose

weight,leptinlevelsdrop.Ourbrainsthinkwearehungryandmakeusfindfoodtoeat.

Nowyouknowwhyfatpeopleoftenhaveahardtimelosingweight.Theymayhavetriedveryhard,but

theirbodiesareworkingagainsttheirwill.

1.Whydoesthewriteruseaquestiontostartthepassage?

A.Tointerestreaders.B.Tocollectanswers.C.Toexpressdoubt.D.Togiveadvice.

2.Whichofthefollowingaffecthowmuchweeataccordingtoparagraph2?

©Eatinghabits②Eatingpartners©Servingsize©Backgroundmusic©Cookingskills

A.①②④B.①③④C.③④⑤D.①④⑤

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“maintain“inparagraph4mean?

A.恢复B.影响C.保持D.表现

4.Whyisitharderforfatpeopletoloseweight?

A.Becausetheyalwaysgiveuphalfway.

B.Becausetheirbodiesdon'tfollowtheirwill.

C.Becausetheirhormonesdisappearmorequickly.

D.Becausetheyhavetofilltheirstomachs.

热点话题04

“素食”与“零食式锻炼”

Passage1

Somepeopledecidetostopeatingmeatandbegintoacceptavegan（素食）dietbecauseofhealthreasons.

Thiswayofeatingavoidsallanimalproducts,includingmeat,fish,milk,eggsandevenhoney.

Makingthechangecanbeachallengeforpeoplewhooftenhavedairyandmeatintheirdiet,accordingto

DenaChampion,adietitian,anexpertondietandnutrition（营养学），fromOhioStateUniversityWexnerMedical

Center.Sheaddedthatstartingavegandietcouldchangeyourbodyincertainways.Itmightevenoffersome

healthbenefits.

Reducedbodyweight

Insteadofhigh-fatproteinslikebaconandbeef,vegansgettheirproteinfromplant-basedsourcessuchas

tofu,beans,soymilk,andsoon."Thiscanleadtolosingweight.Consideringthattwo-thirdsofAmericansare

overweight,thiscanhaveapositiveeffectonbodyshapeandhealth99,saysKaileyProctor,adietitianatSt.Joseph

HospitalinCalifornia.

Improvedbloodsugarcontrol

Becausebeingoverweightisamajorriskfordevelopingdiabetes（糖尿病）,losingweightcanlowerthatrisk.

TherewasonestudyfromsomeexpertspublishedinthemagazineNutrientsin2018.Theexpertschosesome

overweightpeoplewithnohistoryofdiabetestoswitchtoavegandiet.Thentheyfollowedthemfor16weeks.

Improvementsandbettereffectsareseeninthosepeopleincontrollingbloodsugarlevels.

Reducedcancerrisk

There?salsothechancetoreduceyourriskofdevelopingcancer."'Vegandiets,whenplannedcorrectly,are

alsoveryhighinfruits,vegetablesandwholegrains.Theseplant-basedfoodshavebeenshowntoreducetherisk

ofcancer.^saysProctor.Weshouldalwaysfocusonconsumingwhole,freshfoodsasmuchaspossible.It's

importanttomakesureyou'regettingenoughnutrientsforyourhealth.

1.Whichonebelongstoavegandiet?

A.Meat,fish,milk.B.Eggs,honey,soymilk.

C.Tofu,beans,milk.D.Tofu,beans,soymilk.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"probablyreferto?

A.Thefoodsthatcontainhigh-fatproteins.

B.Thewaythatthevegansgettheirprotein.

C.Thefactthattwo-thirdsofAmericansareoverweight.

D.Thedietthatmayhaveabadeffectonpeople'sbodies.

3.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?(Subheadingsarenotparagraphs)

A.Thereasonforlosingweight.

B.Thereasonforbeingdiabetes.

C.Astudyofgettingtoomuchweight.

D.Astudyofcontrollingbloodsugar.

4.Whafsthestructureofthearticle?(P=Paragraph)

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthearticle?

A.Howtoreducebodyweight

B.Howtocontrolbloodsugar

C.Whatavegandietcanbringtopeople

D.Whatwecandotoreducecancerrisk

Passage2

Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucan'tfindthetimetodoalongworkout?Haveyouheardofexercisesnacks

（零食式锻炼）？

Exercisesnacksareapopularnewwayforpeopletostayfit.Insteadofspendinghoursontheplayground,

peoplebreakthat"largemeal“intoexercise“snacks”.Theseexercisescanlastanywherefrom20secondstotwo

minutes.Thenyoucanhavearestfor30minutestofourhoursbeforeanothersnack.

Itisreportedthatexercisesnackscanbeasusefulastraditionalexercisemethods（方式）.Justthreeexercise

snacksadaycanbenefit（使受益）yourphysicalhealth.Besidesthat,therearelotsofotherbenefits.Your

concentration（专注力）andcreativitygetbetter.Also,“snacking“throughout（贯穿）thedaystopsyoufromsitting

toolong.

Therearesomanyacceptable（可接受的）exercisesnacks,likedoingsit-ups,jumpingropeorrunningup

anddownsomestairs（楼梯）.Butforthosewhodon'tknowwheretostart,herearesomehelpfulexercisechoices:

Exercisessuchasliftingweightswillsatisfy（满足）theneeds.Sincemostpeopledon'tkeepweightsattheir

offices,liftfullwaterbottles.

Squats（深蹲）一movingyourbodyasiftositdownwhilekeepingyourbackstraight.Fivetotenofthese

shouldmakeagoodsnack.

Forthosewhodon'tliketraditionalexercises,simplyturnupthemusic.Pickalivelysongandstartdancing.

If11makeforafunworkout.

Whatareyouwaitingfor?Lefsgetmoving.Yourbodywillthankyouforit!

1.Howlongcananexercisesnacklastaccordingtothepassage?

A.Twentysecondstotwominutes.B.Thirtyminutestofourhours.

C.Fivetotenminutes.D.Twentyminutestotwominutes.

2.Whichisanacceptableexercisesnackmentionedinthepassage?

A.Doingmathexercises.B.Eatingsnacks.

C.Doingsit-ups.D.Resting

3.Whatisthewriter'sattitude（态度）toexercisesnacks?

A.Doubtful.B.Unclear.C.Welcome.D.Disliked.

4.Whatisthemainpurp