福建福州鼓楼区福州第三中学2025届高三下学期高考模拟英语试卷（第十一次质量检测）（含解析）VIP

2025年福建福州鼓楼区福州第三中学高三下学期高考模拟英语试卷（第十一次质量检测）-学生用卷一、阅读理解1、ThankyouforyourinterestinTheUCLAHealthVolunteenSummerProgram.Onceyouareacceptedintotheprogram,youmaybeginyourvolunteeringinthefollowingcriticalareas:WayfindingWayfindersarestationedathospitalentrancesandgreeteachvisitor/patientalongwithprovidingwheelchairassistance.Wayfindersmustbefriendlyandhavegoodcommunicationskills2-hourshiftsareavailableMonday-Fridaybetween8:00a.m.-4:00p.m.Duetothestandingnatureofthisposition,4hourswillberewardedfor2hoursofWayfindingservice.FloatersFloatershelpdeliverpatientmailandnewspapers.Assignmentscanchangeeachshiftdependingonneedsofthedepartment,VolunteersareassignedtotheVolunteerOfficeforone4-hourshiftperweekMonday-Fridaybetween9:00a.m.-4:00p.m.PatientTransportPatientTransportvolunteersareresponsiblefordischargingpatientsandhelpingthepatienttransportstaff.Thisisagreatopportunityforstudentstoseeallareasofthehospitalandgetclinicalexposure.Shiftsareavailablesevendaysaweekanytimebetween8:00a.m.-8:00p.m.ApplyingtotheSummerVolunteenProgramStep1:SignupforanInformationSessiononzoom.Sign-upsareonafirstcome,firstservebasis.Step2:Submitallrequiredapplicationformsonlineforreviewandapproval.Step3:AttendoneIn-PersonOrientation(培训).Thereisonlyonesession,andwewillnothavemake-upsessions.step4:Complete50volunteerhoursbyAugust31,2025.21.WhatcanwelearnaboutWayfinding?22.WhatisanadvantageofPatientTransport?23.Whatareapplicantsexpectedtodowhenapplyingfortheprogram?2、Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessence(本质)ofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.Wordswereeverything.Thatbeliefchanged.Inanordinarymathclass,myteacherposedasimplequestion:What’s0.99roundedtothenearestwholenumber?Easy.Whenroundedtothenearestwholenumber,0.99=1.Somehow,Ithoughteventhough0.99isonly0.01awayfrom1,there’sstilla0.01difference.Thatmeanseveniftwothingsareonlyalittledifferent,theyarestilldifferent,sodoesn’tthatmakethemcompletelydifferent?Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999…repeatingitselfwithouteverending.Therewassomethingmysteriousbutattractiveabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.Lyinginbed,Ithoughtabouthowmuchtheequationparalleledourexistence.Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.Therightsidemeansatimeandspacefulloflimitlesspossibilities,andendlessopportunitiesintotheopenfuture.Sothat’swhatlifeis.Objectivebutimaginative.Unchangeablebutlimitless.Lifeisanequationwithtwosidesthatbalancesitselfout.Still,wecan’tevertrulyseemtoputtheperfectwordstoit.Sopossiblynumberscanexpressideasasequallywellaswordscan.Fornow,let’sleaveitatthat:1=0.99999…andlivealifelikeit.4.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutwordsinparagraph1?5.Whatmadetheauthorfindtheequationattractive?6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“paralleled”inparagraph6?7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?3、TheRomanColosseumwasbuiltalmosttwothousandyearsago.Despiteitsageanda14thcenturyearthquakethatknockeddownthesouthside,mostofthe150-somefootbuildingisstillstanding.Scientistsandengineershavelongsuspectedakeytothebuilding'sdurability（使用年限）istheuseofaspecificRomanconcrete.Butexactlyhowthissolidconcretehascontributedtothearchitecture'sstrengthhasbeenamysterytoresearchersacrosstheglobe.AteamofresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapotentialanswertowhytheseancientRomanbuildingshavebeenabletoweatherthetestoftimewhilemanymodernconcretestructuresseemtofallapartafterafewdecades.Theanswerisself-healingconcrete.Thematerialhasthreecomponents:limestone（石灰石）,volcanicmaterialandwater.Whattheresearchersfoundwasthattheself-healingfeaturemightbesimplycausedbychemistryaccidentally.Thelimestoneintheconcreteislikelythesecret.WhentheancientRomansmademortar（灰浆）,theyheatedupthelimetoturnitintoasubstancecalled"quicklime".And,becausetheyintroducedwatertothequicklimeduringmixing,theheatitproducedsetupachemicalfoundationthatcouldstrengthentheconcretelater.Whentinycracksstarttoformlater,thequicklimestopsthemfrombecomingbigger.Whenitrains,thelimereactswiththewatertorecombineasvariousformsofcalciumcarbonate（碳酸钙）,quicklyfillingthecrackorreactingwiththevolcanicashto"heal"thematerial.FormaterialsscientistAinissaRamirez,thisnewunderstandingofancientRomanconcreteisawelcomediscovery."Thisisonewaythatthematerialcanbemoreenvironmentallyfriendly,"saysRamirez."It'ssortoflikeamessageinabottle.TheRomansmadethematerial.Wehadtokindoffigureouthowtheydiditsothatwecanmakebettermaterials—andthen,youknow,inturn,bebetterprotectorsofourenvironment."(1)WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.ThesecretofRomanconcretehasbeenrevealed.B.TheRomanColosseumwasbuiltinthe14thcentury.C.ThewholeRomanColosseumsurvivedtheearthquake.D.Romanconcreteisessentialtothearchitecture'sstrength.(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"weather"inParagraph2mean?A.Take.B.Stand.C.Avoid.D.Fail.(3)Whatdoweknowabouttheself-healingprocess?A.Thelimeitselfcouldfillthecracklater.B.Thequicklimeshouldbemadeonrainydays.C.Thechemicalfoundationcouldweakentheconcrete.D.Combiningwaterandquicklimewouldproduceheat.(4)WhatcanbeinferredfromRamirez'swords?A.Peoplecanbeinspiredtomakegreenermaterials.B.ThesecretofRomanconcreteishiddeninabottle.C.Romanconcretehasgreatlyimprovedtheenvironment.D.Romanconcreteispopularinmakingmodernarchitecture.4、ThesouthwesternUnitedStateshasexperienceddroughtformorethan20years.Arizonahasincreasinglypumped（抽吸）waterfromunderground,butthatmeetslessthanhalfofwhatthestateneeds.Meanwhile,tensofthousandsofnewresidentsarriveeveryyear,andmorecommunitiesarebuilt.OnereportshowsthatalargeareanearPhoenixdoesn'thaveenoughgroundwaterforallthehomesthatdeveloperswanttobuildthere.Thatmeans800,000people.Someexpertssaythesolutionistoimportwaterfromoutsidethestate.Oneideaistobuilda＄5.5billiondesalination（脱盐）plantonMexico'sSeaofCortez.TheplantwouldremovesaltfromthewaterandpumpthatwatertoArizonathrougha200-milepipeline.Supporterssaythiscouldprovideawatersupplyfordecades.Environmentalistsseeadifferentfuture.SomeofthesalttakenoutoftheSeaofCortezmightendupbackintheocean,harmingwildlife.Thepipelinewoulddamagelandwherepeopleandanimalslive.Andthedesalinationprocessuseslotsofenergy.Thiswouldcreategreenhousegases,theverygasesthatarecausingtheconditionsthathaveledtoArizona'swaterproblems.MargaretWilderisaprofessorattheUniversityofArizona,inTucson.Shewarnsthatbigprojectslikethisonecouldbeusedtoshowmuchmoreunsustainabledevelopmentinthedesertinthefuture.Moreover,desalinatingwaterwouldlikelybeamassiveexpenditureforArizonans.Citiespayabout＄50to＄150for326,000gallons.That'senoughforafamilyofthreeinPhoenixforayear.Desalinatedwatercouldcharge20timesasmuch.Environmentalistssaythegovernmentshouldfocusoncuttingthedemandforwaterratherthanincreasingthesupply.Thatwouldmeantakingwater-savingmeasuresandlimitinghowmanyhomesarebuilt.ThousandsofhouseholdsinTucson,Arizona,arecollectingrainwaterandusingitforcooking,drinking,andintheirgardens.Governmentleadershavetakennotice.Tucsonalsohelpsresidentspayforequipmentthatcollectsrainwaterforhomeuse.(1)WhatistheproblemfacedbythesouthwesternUnitedStates?A.Apopulationincrease.B.Aseriousheatwave.C.Awasteofresources.D.Awatershortage.(2)Whatdoenvironmentalistsprobablythinkofthedesalinationproject?A.Itprovidesalong-termsolutiontodrought.B.Itwouldharmtheplanetfromvariousaspects.C.Itfailstotakepeople'sbasicneedsintoaccount.D.Itdrawspeople'sattentiontoenvironmentaldestruction.(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"amassiveexpenditure"inParagraph4mean?A.Affordable.B.Costly.C.Unsafe.D.Beneficial.(4)Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopleareunsatisfiedwiththegovernment'swatermeasures.B.Collectingrainwateristhekeytomeetingwaterdemands.C.Peopleareexploringwaterresourceswithofficialsupport.D.Publicconcernaboutwatersafetyhasincreased.5、OscarWildeoncesaid,"Manisleasthimselfwhenhetalksinhisownperson.Givehimamask,andhewilltellyouthetruth."Artprovidesawaytocommunicateexperienceswhenpeoplelackverbalskills.

Arttherapyisfoundedontheassumptionthateveryoneiscreativeandcapableofself-expression.

Asarestorativepractice,itallowspeopletoexpressthemselvesinnon-verbalways,suchasdrawingandpainting.Evena45-minutecreativeactivitycanchangeaperson'smentalstate.Workingwithanarttherapistdoesevenmore:

Youngchildrentypicallydrawandsinganddancewithoutworryingabouttheirabilities.Adults,however,oftenhavecomplexfeelingsaboutartandartmaking.Theybegintoevaluatethequalityoftheirartinsteadoffocusingonself-expressionitself.

However,arttherapistscanguidepeopleinexpressingthemselveswithoutconcerningwhethertheirartworkistechnicallybrilliant,sothattheycanconnectorreconnectwiththeartworksthathelpthemdealwithlifechallenges.Whatarearttherapists'superpower?Theycanchanneldangerousthoughtsintoimaginativeartworks.Forinstance,peoplewithviolenttendenciesmightletouttheirangerbyhittinganotherhumanbeing.

Theseartisticchoicessatisfythebrain'sdesirefornoveltywithoutcompromisingpersonalsafety.(1)

A.Arttherapyisadouble-edgedsword.B.Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C.Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.D.But,obviously,releasingtheirangerinthiswayisn'tagoodchoice.E.Arttherapy,initsownways,caninfluencearangeofhumanfunctioning.F.Itcansignificantlyenhancepositivemoodsandboostmeasuresofwell-being.G.However,witharttherapists'help,theirenergycouldbechangedintocreativeproducts.(2)

A.Arttherapyisadouble-edgedsword.B.Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C.Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.D.But,obviously,releasingtheirangerinthiswayisn'tagoodchoice.E.Arttherapy,initsownways,caninfluencearangeofhumanfunctioning.F.Itcansignificantlyenhancepositivemoodsandboostmeasuresofwell-being.G.However,witharttherapists'help,theirenergycouldbechangedintocreativeproducts.(3)

A.Arttherapyisadouble-edgedsword.B.Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C.Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.D.But,obviously,releasingtheirangerinthiswayisn'tagoodchoice.E.Arttherapy,initsownways,caninfluencearangeofhumanfunctioning.F.Itcansignificantlyenhancepositivemoodsandboostmeasuresofwell-being.G.However,witharttherapists'help,theirenergycouldbechangedintocreativeproducts.(4)

A.Arttherapyisadouble-edgedsword.B.Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C.Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.D.But,obviously,releasingtheirangerinthiswayisn'tagoodchoice.E.Arttherapy,initsownways,caninfluencearangeofhumanfunctioning.F.Itcansignificantlyenhancepositivemoodsandboostmeasuresofwell-being.G.However,witharttherapists'help,theirenergycouldbechangedintocreativeproducts.(5)

A.Arttherapyisadouble-edgedsword.B.Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C.Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.D.But,obviously,releasingtheirangerinthiswayisn'tagoodchoice.E.Arttherapy,initsownways,caninfluencearangeofhumanfunctioning.F.Itcansignificantlyenhancepositivemoodsandboostmeasuresofwell-being.G.However,witharttherapists'help,theirenergycouldbechangedintocreativeproducts.二、完形填空6、In2019,ThierryHenry,abusdriver,foundtherewasariseinbiketheftsinhiscity,Reykjavik.Ratherthan

thatthebikewasgoneforever,hedecidedtotakemattersintohisown

.Hesetouttotrackdownthebikesandreturnthemtotheir

owners.The44-year-oldhashelpedreturnhundredsofstolenbikesinthepast4years.Hissocialmediaaccounthasover14,500membersandhelpspeopletrackdownmorethanjustlostbikes.Hispage

topeoplewhohavelosttools,carsandotheritemsofhighvalue.Ontopofhis

act,Henryhashelpedthebike

toreformintheprocess.Initially,Henrywoulddealwiththethieveswithanger.However,overtime,herealizedthatmostofthetheftsweredrivenoutof

andotherissues.Hewentfromfeeling

towardsthethieves,todevelopingempathy(同理心)fortheirsituations.Itwasverytoughatfirst.ButHenrydecidedtotryto

themandjusttalktothem.Fromthismomentonward,hereachedouttothethieves,offeringhelpand

.Afterthechangeinhis

,Henryfoundthatthebikethievesbegantooftenhandbackthebikestohim.

,someformerthievesthatHenryhelpednow

himinlookingforthestolenbikes.“It’slikea

thathasgotbiggerandbigger,”.saysHenry.“It’snotonlyme.Manytimes,someonespotsabikehiddeninabushandtakesapicture.Thensomeoneelse

,‘hey,that’smybike’.”ThankstoHenry,everyone’slookingout.【小题1】【小题2】【小题3】【小题4】【小题5】【小题6】【小题7】【小题8】【小题9】【小题10】【小题11】【小题12】【小题13】【小题14】【小题15】三、语法填空7、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In2024,China’smuseumsarewitnessingaremarkablerevival,drawing

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(crowd)ofvisitorsandtransformingintothemostrenownedculturalcenters

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combinelearningwithenjoymentandrelaxation.DuringtheSpringFestival,museumsacrossthecountryattracted73.58millionvisitors,a98.6%increaseyear-on-year.Thesummerseason

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(see)adouble-digitgrowthinmuseumvisitors,withmuseumticketreservations

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(top)thechartsforalltouristattractions.

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(technology)advancesandnewmediahavebeenkeydriversinthispopularity.Programslikethe“DigitalDunhuang”andtheuseofartificialintelligenceattheTerracottaWarriorsMuseumhavebroughthistorytolife.MuseumsarealsoengagingaudiencesthroughdigitalIPs,apps,documentaries,

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culturalvarietyshows,makingculturalrelicsaccessibletothemasses.Socialfunctionsandcross-sectorintegrationareexpandingaswell.Museumsarebecomingkeydestinationsforstudytours,allowingtheyouthtoimmerse

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(them)inhistoryandculture.Moreover,theyarepartneringwithdiversesectorsincludingeducationandtechnologytofostertheconservationofcultureandtheexchangeofideasacrosstheglobe.However,challengessuchasuncivilvisitorbehavior,over-commercialization,andresourceallocationforprivatemuseumsrequirecarefulmanagementandsupportrangingfromthegovernment

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thepublictomaintaintheculturalmissionofmuseums.Insummary,China’smuseumboom

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(characterize)byasurgeinvisitors,widespreaduseofnewtechnologyandmedia,deepeningsocialfunctions,andtheongoingdevelopmentofstrategies

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(address)emergingchallenges.四、书信写作8、假定你是李华，下周五你校将组织学生参观智能科技农场——天空农场(SkyFarm)，请你给你的英国留学生朋友David写一封邮件，介绍这次活动并邀请他参加。内容包括：(1)邀请David参加；(2)介绍农场的特色；(3)谈谈你对这即将到来的活动的预期和感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearDavid,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达9、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。You’dneverknowthatforyearsI’dbeenkeepingadirtysecret.Ontheoutside,I’madoctor.Butuntilamonthago,myownlifewasoutofcontrol.Ilovedfillingupmyhomewithuselesspossessions.Fromoldclothestobrokentelevisions,Iwouldkeepthemall.Havingmyowntoysmademefeelspecial.Butifanythingbroke.ItstartedwhenIwasakid.Mymumwouldthrowitawayandthatbrokemyheart.IremembercryingfordayswhenMumpouredmydeadgoldfishdownthetoilet.At18,Imovedintoasharedhouse.Withsteadyincomefromajob,IwouldhittheshopswheneverIcould.IfanyonequestionedhowmuchIwasbuying,Ialwayshadanexcuse.ButnomatterhowmuchIowned,Iwasneversatisfied.Myflatmatesbegantogetannoyedasmythingsoccupiedalmosttheentireapartment.AfterImovedintomyownplace,mydemandforbelongingssteppedupagear.Aswellasshopping,Istartedcollectingthingsfromthesideofthestreet.IwouldpileeverythinginthebackofmycarandtakeithomeregardlessofwhetherIneededitornot.MyhusbandMarkbannedmefrompickingupanythingwhenweweretogether.Thatmademefeelanxious.SometimesI’dsneakbackwhenMarkhadgone,pickingupwhateverIhadmyeyeonandtakingitbacktomyflat.Withmyapartmentjam-packed,Istartedfillingmycar.Soon,givinganyonealiftwasimpossibleandIstartedparkingmycararoundthecornerfromMark’ssohewouldn’tseemycar.Oneday,IdrovetoMia’shouse.“Yourcarisunbelievable,”shesaid,takingaphotowithherphone.Ijustshrugged.MiauploadedthepicturetoFacebookandwithinminutespeoplewerecommentingonit.Somethoughtahomelesspersonmustbelivinginit,andotherssaidIneededpsychologicalhelp.Iwasconfused.Whywerepeoplebeingsomean?IfoundthecouragetotalktomycolleagueCindyaboutit.“You’reahoarder(囤积狂),”shetoldme,softlysqueezingmyhand.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式作答。AsCindyexplainedhoardingwasaseriousmentalillness,itallclickedintoplace.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________MarksupportedmeasItookthosefirststepsandaftereightweeks,

itwastimetoletmythingsgo.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1、【答案】21．A22．C23．A;【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加州大学洛杉矶分校健康志愿者暑期项目，包括其工作内容和申请方法。21．细节理解题。根据Wayfinding中“Duetothestandingnatureofthisposition,4hourswillberewardedfor2hoursofWayfindingservice.(由于该职位的站立性质，提供2小时寻路服务可获得4小时奖励)”可知，寻路志愿者可以获得时间奖励。故选A项。22．细节理解题。根据PatientTransport中“Shiftsareavailablesevendaysaweekanytimebetween8:00a.m.-8:00p.m.(每周7天，从早上8点到晚上8点的任何时间都可以轮班)”可知，病人转运岗位的优势是上班时间非常灵活。故选C项。23．细节理解题。根据ApplyingtotheSummerVolunteenProgram中“SignupforanInformationSessiononzoom.Sign-upsareonafirstcome,firstservebasis.(报名参加一个关于zoom的信息会议。报名是先到先得的)”可知，申请该项目时，申请人需要尽快报名。故选A项。2、【答案】4．D5．D6．B7．A;【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessence(本质)ofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.Wordswereeverything.(我曾经相信，只有语言才能捕捉到人类灵魂的本质。文学作品包含了如此独特的故事，它们塑造了我们看待世界的方式。文字构成了我们试图揭示的问题，以及这些问题本身的答案)”可推知，在第一段作者主要强调了语言的表达力量，故选D。5．细节理解题。根据第五段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutattractiveabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，作者觉得这个等式很迷人，因为数字虽然不同，但是却被等号连接起来了。由此可知，让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是两个不同的数相等的方式。故选D。6．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.(等式的左边表示有时候生命本身是如此的不可改变，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具体整数。但是生与死之间有一段距离)”可知，作者躺在床上思考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多么相似，划线词paralleled的意思是“与……十分相似”，和mirrored意思相近，故选B。7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999…repeatingitselfwithouteverending.(我的老师给出了另一个等式：1=0.9，也可以表示为1=0.99999…不断重复，没有尽头)”和第五段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutattractiveabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰当的标题是A选项“ThePerfectEquation(完美的等式)”。故选A。3、【答案】(1)D;(2)B;(3)D;(4)A;【解析】(1)【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家一直很好奇古罗马的混凝土结构为何可以很好地提高建筑强度，最近研究人员发现了一个可能的答案：这种混凝土具有自我修复的功能。细节理解题。根据第一段中"Butexactlyhowthissolidconcretehascontributedtothearchitecture'sstrengthhasbeenamysterytoresearchersacrosstheglobe.（但对于全球的研究人员来说，这种固体混凝土究竟是如何提高建筑强度的，一直是个谜）"可知，古罗马混凝土对建筑的强度至关重要。故选D项。(2)词句猜测题。根据第二段中"AteamofresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapotentialanswertowhytheseancientRomanbuildingshavebeenabletoweatherthetestoftimewhilemanymodernconcretestructuresseemtofallapartafterafewdecades.(一个团队的研究人员最近发现了一个可能的答案，为什么这些古罗马建筑能够weather时间的考验，而许多现代混凝土结构似乎在几十年后就会分崩离析)"可知，古罗马建筑和很快就会分崩离析的许多现代混凝土结构不同。由此推知，古罗马建筑可以很久不崩塌，经得住时间的考验。因此，划线词weather意为"经受住"，与stand意思一致。故选B项。(3)细节理解题。根据第四段中"And,becausetheyintroducedwatertothequicklimeduringmixing,theheatitproducedsetupachemicalfoundationthatcouldstrengthentheconcretelater.（而且，由于他们在搅拌过程中向生石灰中引入了水，它产生的热量建立了一种化学基础，可以在以后加强混凝土）"可知，混合水和生石灰会产生热量。故选D项。(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ramirez的话"TheRomansmadethematerial.Wehadtokindoffigureouthowtheydiditsothatwecanmakebettermaterials—andthen,youknow,inturn,bebetterprotectorsofourenvironment.（罗马人制造了这种材料。我们必须弄清楚他们是如何做到的，这样我们才能制造出更好的材料，然后，你知道，反过来，更好地保护我们的环境）"可推知，我们可以从罗马人制作的这种混凝土材料中汲取灵感，去制作对环境友好的材料。故选A项。4、【答案】(1)D;(2)B;(3)B;(4)C;【解析】(1)【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要关注了美国西南部特别是亚利桑那州的干旱问题以及可能的解决方案，包括从州外进口水（特别是通过脱盐处理）的提议和环保主义者的反对观点。细节理解题。根据文章第一段"ThesouthwesternUnitedStateshasexperienceddroughtformorethan20years.Arizonahasincreasinglypumped（抽吸）waterfromunderground,butthatmeetslessthanhalfofwhatthestateneeds.(美国西南部已经干旱了20多年。亚利桑那州越来越多地从地下抽取水资源，但这仍无法满足该州一半的需求。)"可知，美国西南部面临水资源短缺问题。故选D。(2)细节理解题。根据文章第三段"Environmentalistsseeadifferentfuture.SomeofthesalttakenoutoftheSeaofCortezmightendupbackintheocean,harmingwildlife.Thepipelinewoulddamagelandwherepeopleandanimalslive.Andthedesalinationprocessuseslotsofenergy.Thiswouldcreategreenhousegases,theverygasesthatarecausingtheconditionsthathaveledtoArizona'swaterproblems.（环保主义者看到了不同的未来。从科尔特斯海中提取的一些盐最终可能会回到海洋中，对野生动植物造成危害。这条管道将破坏人类和动物居住的土地。而且，脱盐过程需要消耗大量能源。这将产生温室气体，正是这些气体导致了导致亚利桑那州水问题的条件。）"可知，环保主义者认为脱盐项目将从多个方面对地球造成危害。故选B。(3)词义猜测题。根据划线单词下一句"That'senoughforafamilyofthreeinPhoenixforayear.Desalinatedwatercouldcharge20timesasmuch.(这些钱足够一个三口之家在凤凰城生活一年。淡化水的价格可能是它的20倍。)"可判断，划线单词的意思和"花销大的、昂贵的"相似。选项A"Affordable（可负担得起）"；选项B"Costly（昂贵的）"；选项C"Unsafe（不安全的）"；选项D"Beneficial（有益的）"。故选B。(4)推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"ThousandsofhouseholdsinTucson,Arizona,arecollectingrainwaterandusingitforcooking,drinking,andintheirgardens.Governmentleadershavetakennotice.Tucsonalsohelpsresidentspayforequipmentthatcollectsrainwaterforhomeuse.（亚利桑那州图森市的数千户家庭正在收集雨水，并用于烹饪、饮用和花园灌溉。政府领导人已经注意到了这一点。图森还帮助居民支付雨水收集系统的费用。）"可以推断出，在图森市，有官方支持的雨水收集行为正在发生，人们正在探索新的水资源。故选C。5、【答案】(1)C;(2)E;(3)F;(4)B;(5)G;【解析】6、【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】C【小题4】B【小题5】D【小题6】C【小题7】D【小题8】B【小题9】A【小题10】A【小题11】D【小题12】D【小题13】A【小题14】B【小题15】C;【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公蒂埃里·亨利在帮助被偷的自行车物归原主的过程中也使得那些小偷改过自新的故事。【小题1】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有接受自行车永远消失的事实，而是决定自己解决问题。A.admit承认；B.claim声称；C.accept接受；D.realize意识到。根据上文“foundtherewasariseinbiketheftsinhiscity,Reykjavik.”提到他所在的城市雷克雅未克的自行车盗窃案有所增加，以及上文“thatthebikewasgoneforever”由此可知，此处应表示他没有接受自行车永远消失的事实。故选C项。【小题2】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有接受自行车永远消失的事实，而是决定自己解决问题。A.hands手；B.eyes眼睛；C.feet脚；D.bodies身体。根据上文提到的他没有接受自行车永远消失的事实，以及“hedecidedtotakemattersintohisown”由此可知，此处应表示他决定自己解决问题。故选A项。【小题3】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他开始寻找这些自行车，并将它们归还给它们的