2024年二级翻译专业资格题库汇编带答案解析

2024年二级翻译专业资格题库汇编带答案解析笔译综合能力部分词汇和语法（共20题）1.Thenewpolicywillhaveaprofound______onthecountry'seconomicdevelopment.A.affectB.effectC.effortD.afford答案：B解析：“affect”是动词，意为“影响”；“effect”是名词，“haveaneffecton”是固定短语，表示“对……有影响”；“effort”意为“努力”；“afford”意为“负担得起”。这里需要一个名词，所以选B。2.Sheisso______thatshecanalwaysfindtherightsolutiontoproblems.A.intelligentB.intelligibleC.intellectualD.intensive答案：A解析：“intelligent”表示“聪明的，有才智的”；“intelligible”意为“可理解的”；“intellectual”指“智力的，有智力的人”；“intensive”意为“密集的，加强的”。根据语境，她能找到问题的正确解决方案，说明她聪明，所以选A。3.______hisgreatwealth,healwaysseemstobeindebt.A.DespiteofB.InspiteC.DespiteD.Although答案：C解析：“despite”是介词，后面直接接名词或名词短语，“despiteof”表述错误；“inspite”后面要加“of”才能接名词；“although”是连词，引导让步状语从句。这里后面是名词短语“hisgreatwealth”，所以选C。4.Theprofessor,aswellashisstudents,______interestedinthenewresearchproject.A.isB.areC.hasD.have答案：A解析：当主语后面跟有“aswellas”连接的短语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致。这里前面的主语是“theprofessor”，是第三人称单数，所以用“is”，选A。5.Theoldmanhasbeenlivinginthissmalltown______hewasborn.A.sinceB.forC.whenD.while答案：A解析：“since”表示“自从”，引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时；“for”后面接一段时间；“when”表示“当……时候”；“while”强调两个动作同时进行。根据句子时态和语境，选A。6.Thereportwasfullof______information,whichmadeitdifficulttounderstand.A.ambiguousB.ambitiousC.arbitraryD.apparent答案：A解析：“ambiguous”意为“模棱两可的，含糊不清的”；“ambitious”表示“有雄心的，有抱负的”；“arbitrary”意为“随意的，武断的”；“apparent”意为“明显的”。因为报告难以理解，说明信息含糊不清，所以选A。7.Thecompanyisplanningto______anewmarketingcampaignnextmonth.A.launchB.startC.beginD.initiate答案：A解析：“launch”有“发起，开展（活动、项目等）”的意思，常与“campaign、project”等搭配；“start”和“begin”较为普通，强调开始的动作；“initiate”侧重于开始一项新的计划、行动等，但“launch”在商业语境中更常用。所以选A。8.Thestudentswere______tohearthegoodnews.A.delightedB.delightingC.delightfulD.delight答案：A解析：“delighted”表示“感到高兴的”，用来形容人；“delighting”一般不常用作形容词；“delightful”意为“令人愉快的”，用来形容事物；“delight”是名词或动词。这里形容学生的感受，选A。9.______theheavyrain,thefootballgamewaspostponed.A.BecauseB.DuetoC.OwingtoD.Thanksto答案：C解析：“because”是连词，后面要接句子；“dueto”一般不用于句首；“owingto”可以用于句首，也可以用于句中，意为“由于”；“thanksto”通常用于表达积极的原因，有“多亏了”的意思。这里是因为大雨比赛推迟，用“owingto”合适，选C。10.Thegovernmentshouldtakemeasuresto______thegapbetweentherichandthepoor.A.shortenB.narrowC.reduceD.decrease答案：B解析：“narrowthegap”是固定搭配，意为“缩小差距”；“shorten”主要指“缩短（长度、时间等）”；“reduce”和“decrease”侧重于数量、程度等方面的减少。所以选B。11.Thenewsoftwarehasalotof______featuresthatmakeitveryuser-friendly.A.advancedB.progressiveC.forwardD.leading答案：A解析：“advanced”意为“先进的，高级的”；“progressive”表示“进步的，渐进的”；“forward”意为“向前的”；“leading”意为“主要的，领先的”。这里说软件有很多先进的功能，选A。12.Heisalways______abouthiswork,whichmakeshimverysuccessful.A.enthusiasticB.energeticC.eagerD.keen答案：A解析：“beenthusiasticabout”是固定短语，意为“对……充满热情”；“energetic”意为“精力充沛的”；“beeagertodosth.”表示“渴望做某事”；“bekeenon”意为“热衷于”。这里说他对工作充满热情，选A。13.The______ofthenewbuildingisverymodernandbeautiful.A.designB.planC.layoutD.pattern答案：A解析：“design”指“设计，设计方案”；“plan”侧重于“计划”；“layout”意为“布局，安排”；“pattern”指“图案，模式”。这里说新建筑的设计，选A。14.Theoldmanwalked______slowlythathecouldn'tcatchupwiththeothers.A.veryB.soC.suchD.too答案：B解析：“so...that...”是固定结构，表示“如此……以至于……”，“so”后面接形容词或副词；“such...that...”中“such”后面接名词；“very”不能构成这种引导结果状语从句的结构；“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”。这里“slowly”是副词，用“so”，选B。15.Wemust______theimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.A.awakeB.awareC.beawareofD.beawaketo答案：C解析：“awake”作动词时意为“唤醒”，作形容词意为“醒着的”；“aware”是形容词，“beawareof”是固定短语，意为“意识到”；“beawaketo”也有“意识到”的意思，但不如“beawareof”常用。所以选C。16.Thescientistspentyears______thisdifficultproblem.A.workingonB.workingoutC.workingupD.workingoff答案：A解析：“workon”表示“从事，致力于”；“workout”意为“解决，算出”；“workup”有“逐步发展，激起”等意思；“workoff”表示“消除，还清”。这里说科学家花多年致力于解决难题，选A。17.Thebookisvery______andithasattractedalargenumberofreaders.A.interestingB.interestedC.interestD.interests答案：A解析：“interesting”用来形容事物“有趣的”；“interested”用来形容人“感兴趣的”；“interest”作名词意为“兴趣”，作动词意为“使感兴趣”；“interests”是“interest”的第三人称单数形式。这里形容书，选A。18.______youhavefinishedyourhomework,youcangooutandplay.A.AssoonasB.OnceC.WhileD.Since答案：B解析：“assoonas”强调“一……就……”；“once”表示“一旦”，更侧重于条件；“while”强调两个动作同时进行；“since”表示“既然”。这里说一旦完成作业就可以出去玩，选B。19.Themanagermadea______speechatthemeeting.A.briefB.shortC.conciseD.summary答案：A解析：“brief”强调简洁、简短，“abriefspeech”指简短的演讲；“short”只是单纯表示长度或时间短；“concise”侧重于表达精炼；“summary”是名词，意为“总结”。所以选A。20.Thechildrenarelookingforwardto______thenewpark.A.visitB.visitingC.bevisitingD.havevisited答案：B解析：“lookforwardto”中“to”是介词，后面要接动词的-ing形式，所以选B。阅读理解（共20题）Passage1TheInternethasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives.Ithaschangedthewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.WiththeInternet,wecanaccessavastamountofinformationfromallovertheworld.Wecansearchforknowledgeonvarioustopics,fromhistoryandsciencetoentertainmentandsports.Onlineshoppinghasalsobecomeverypopular.Wecanbuyalmostanythingwewantwithoutleavingourhomes.Thissavesustimeandenergy.Moreover,wecancomparepricesandchoosethebestdeals.Socialmediaplatformshavemadeiteasierforustoconnectwithfriendsandfamily.Wecanshareourthoughts,photos,andvideoswiththem.Wecanalsojoingroupsandcommunitiesbasedonourinterests.However,theInternetalsohassomenegativeaspects.ThereisalotoffalseinformationontheInternet,whichcanmisleadpeople.Cyber-attacksarealsoabigproblem.Hackerscanstealourpersonalinformationandcausefinanciallosses.21.WhathastheInternetchanged?A.Onlythewaywelive.B.Onlythewaywework.C.Onlythewaywecommunicate.D.Thewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.答案：D解析：根据文中“Ithaschangedthewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.”可知，互联网改变了我们生活、工作和交流的方式，所以选D。22.WhatcanwedowiththeInternetaccordingtothepassage?A.Onlyaccessinformation.B.Onlydoonlineshopping.C.Accessinformation,doonlineshoppingandconnectwithothers.D.Onlyconnectwithfriendsandfamily.答案：C解析：文中提到“WiththeInternet,wecanaccessavastamountofinformation”“Onlineshoppinghasalsobecomeverypopular”“Socialmediaplatformshavemadeiteasierforustoconnectwithfriendsandfamily”，说明我们可以用互联网获取信息、网上购物和与他人联系，选C。23.Whatisanadvantageofonlineshopping?A.Wehavetogotothestore.B.Wecan'tcompareprices.C.Itsavesustimeandenergy.D.Wecan'tchoosethebestdeals.答案：C解析：根据文中“Wecanbuyalmostanythingwewantwithoutleavingourhomes.Thissavesustimeandenergy.”可知，网上购物节省时间和精力，选C。24.WhatisanegativeaspectoftheInternet?A.Thereisnofalseinformation.B.Therearenocyber-attacks.C.Hackerscan'tstealourpersonalinformation.D.Thereisalotoffalseinformationandcyber-attacks.答案：D解析：文中提到“However,theInternetalsohassomenegativeaspects.ThereisalotoffalseinformationontheInternet,whichcanmisleadpeople.Cyber-attacksarealsoabigproblem.”，说明互联网存在大量虚假信息和网络攻击的问题，选D。25.Whatcanwedoonsocialmediaplatforms?A.Onlysharethoughts.B.Onlysharephotos.C.Sharethoughts,photosandvideos,andjoingroups.D.Onlyjoingroups.答案：C解析：根据文中“Wecanshareourthoughts,photos,andvideoswiththem.Wecanalsojoingroupsandcommunitiesbasedonourinterests.”可知，我们可以在社交媒体平台上分享想法、照片和视频，还可以加入群组，选C。Passage2Inrecentyears,theproblemofairpollutionhasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Airpollutionismainlycausedbyhumanactivities,suchastheburningoffossilfuelsinfactoriesandvehicles.Thepollutantsintheair,suchasparticulatematterandharmfulgases,canhaveabadeffectonhumanhealth.Theycancauserespiratorydiseases,heartdiseases,andevencancer.Tosolvetheproblemofairpollution,governmentsaroundtheworldhavetakensomemeasures.Somecountrieshavesetstrictemissionstandardsforfactoriesandvehicles.Theyencouragetheuseofcleanenergy,suchassolarandwindenergy.Inaddition,plantingmoretreescanalsohelptoimproveairqualitybecausetreescanabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.26.Whatisthemaincauseofairpollution?A.Naturaldisasters.B.Humanactivities.C.Animalbehavior.D.Climatechange.答案：B解析：根据文中“Airpollutionismainlycausedbyhumanactivities,suchastheburningoffossilfuelsinfactoriesandvehicles.”可知，空气污染主要是由人类活动引起的，选B。27.Whatkindofdiseasescanairpollutantscause?A.Onlyrespiratorydiseases.B.Onlyheartdiseases.C.Respiratorydiseases,heartdiseasesandcancer.D.Onlycancer.答案：C解析：文中提到“Thepollutantsintheair,suchasparticulatematterandharmfulgases,canhaveabadeffectonhumanhealth.Theycancauserespiratorydiseases,heartdiseases,andevencancer.”，说明空气污染物能导致呼吸系统疾病、心脏病甚至癌症，选C。28.Whatmeasureshavegovernmentstakentosolvetheairpollutionproblem?A.Setstrictemissionstandardsonly.B.Encouragetheuseofcleanenergyonly.C.Plantmoretreesonly.D.Setstrictemissionstandards,encouragetheuseofcleanenergyandplantmoretrees.答案：D解析：根据文中“Somecountrieshavesetstrictemissionstandardsforfactoriesandvehicles.Theyencouragetheuseofcleanenergy,suchassolarandwindenergy.Inaddition,plantingmoretreescanalsohelptoimproveairquality”可知，政府采取了设定严格排放标准、鼓励使用清洁能源和植树等措施，选D。29.Whycanplantingtreeshelptoimproveairquality?A.Treescanmaketheenvironmentmorebeautiful.B.Treescanabsorboxygenandreleasecarbondioxide.C.Treescanabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.D.Treescanpreventnaturaldisasters.答案：C解析：文中提到“plantingmoretreescanalsohelptoimproveairqualitybecausetreescanabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.”，所以选C。30.Whatarefossilfuels?A.Cleanenergysources.B.Sourcesofairpollutionwhenburned.C.Materialsusedforplantingtrees.D.Substancesthatcancurediseases.答案：B解析：从文中“Airpollutionismainlycausedbyhumanactivities,suchastheburningoffossilfuelsinfactoriesandvehicles.”可知，化石燃料燃烧是空气污染的原因之一，所以选B。Passage3Theworldofartisafascinatingone.Therearedifferentformsofart,suchaspainting,sculpture,andarchitecture.Eachformhasitsownuniquecharacteristics.Paintingisaformofartthatusescolorsandbrushestocreateimagesonasurface.Artistscanexpresstheiremotions,ideas,andperspectivesthroughpaintings.FamouspainterslikeLeonardodaVinciandVincentvanGoghhavecreatedmasterpiecesthatarestilladmiredtoday.Sculptureistheartofcreatingthree-dimensionalobjects.Sculptorsusematerialssuchasstone,wood,andmetaltoshapetheirworks.Sculpturescanberealisticorabstract,andtheycanbefoundinpublicplaces,museums,andgalleries.Architectureistheartandscienceofdesigningandconstructingbuildings.Architectsneedtoconsiderboththefunctionalityandtheaestheticsofabuilding.IconicbuildingsliketheEiffelTowerandtheSydneyOperaHousearenotonlyfunctionalbutalsobeautifulworksofart.31.Howmanyformsofartarementionedinthepassage?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.答案：C解析：文中提到了“suchaspainting,sculpture,andarchitecture”，共三种艺术形式，选C。32.Howdopaintersexpressthemselves?A.Byusingcolorsandbrushestocreateimages.B.Byusingstoneandwood.C.Bydesigningandconstructingbuildings.D.Bycreatingthree-dimensionalobjects.答案：A解析：根据文中“Paintingisaformofartthatusescolorsandbrushestocreateimagesonasurface.Artistscanexpresstheiremotions,ideas,andperspectivesthroughpaintings.”可知，画家通过用颜料和画笔在表面上创作图像来表达自己，选A。33.Whatmaterialsdosculptorsuse?A.Onlystone.B.Stone,woodandmetal.C.Onlywood.D.Onlymetal.答案：B解析：文中提到“Sculptorsusematerialssuchasstone,wood,andmetaltoshapetheirworks.”，所以选B。34.Whatdoarchitectsneedtoconsiderwhendesigningbuildings?A.Onlyfunctionality.B.Onlyaesthetics.C.Bothfunctionalityandaesthetics.D.Neitherfunctionalitynoraesthetics.答案：C解析：从文中“Architectsneedtoconsiderboththefunctionalityandtheaestheticsofabuilding.”可知，建筑师设计建筑时需要考虑功能性和美观性，选C。35.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofarchitecture?A.ApaintingbyLeonardodaVinci.B.Asculptureinamuseum.C.TheEiffelTower.D.Adrawingbyastudent.答案：C解析：文中提到“IconicbuildingsliketheEiffelTowerandtheSydneyOperaHousearenotonlyfunctionalbutalsobeautifulworksofart.”，说明埃菲尔铁塔是建筑的例子，选C。Passage4Educationisthekeytoabetterfuture.Itplaysacrucialroleinpersonaldevelopmentandsocialprogress.Inmodernsociety,agoodeducationcanopenupmoreopportunitiesforindividuals.Therearedifferentlevelsofeducation,includingprimaryeducation,secondaryeducation,andhighereducation.Primaryeducationisthefoundation,whichprovidesbasicknowledgeandskills.Secondaryeducationfurtherexpandsstudents'knowledgeandhelpsthemdevelopcriticalthinkingabilities.Highereducationoffersin-depthstudyinspecificfieldsandpreparesstudentsforprofessionalcareers.However,noteveryonehasequalaccesstoeducation.Insomedevelopingcountries,therearestillmanychildrenwhocannotgotoschoolduetopoverty,lackofresources,andgenderdiscrimination.Tosolvethisproblem,internationalorganizationsandgovernmentsshouldworktogethertoprovidemoreeducationalopportunitiesforthesechildren.36.Whyiseducationimportant?A.Itonlyhelpswithpersonaldevelopment.B.Itonlypromotessocialprogress.C.Itisthekeytoabetterfutureandplaysaroleinpersonalandsocialdevelopment.D.Ithasnoeffectonindividualsandsociety.答案：C解析：根据文中“Educationisthekeytoabetterfuture.Itplaysacrucialroleinpersonaldevelopmentandsocialprogress.”可知，教育是美好未来的关键，对个人发展和社会进步都很重要，选C。37.Whatisthefunctionofprimaryeducation?A.Itprovidesin-depthstudyinspecificfields.B.Itexpandsstudents'knowledgeanddevelopscriticalthinking.C.Itisthefoundationandprovidesbasicknowledgeandskills.D.Itpreparesstudentsforprofessionalcareers.答案：C解析：文中提到“Primaryeducationisthefoundation,whichprovidesbasicknowledgeandskills.”，所以选C。38.Whatdoessecondaryeducationdo?A.Itprovidesbasicknowledge.B.Itfurtherexpandsstudents'knowledgeanddevelopscriticalthinking.C.Itoffersin-depthstudyinspecificfields.D.Itonlyfocusesongenderequality.答案：B解析：根据“Secondaryeducationfurtherexpandsstudents'knowledgeandhelpsthemdevelopcriticalthinkingabilities.”可知，中等教育进一步拓展学生知识并培养批判性思维能力，选B。39.Whycan'tsomechildrenindevelopingcountriesgotoschool?A.Becausetheydon'tlikestudying.B.Becauseofpoverty,lackofresourcesandgenderdiscrimination.C.Becausetherearenoschoolsintheirareas.D.Becauseinternationalorganizationsdon'twanttohelp.答案：B解析：文中提到“Insomedevelopingcountries,therearestillmanychildrenwhocannotgotoschoolduetopoverty,lackofresources,andgenderdiscrimination.”，所以选B。40.Howcantheproblemofunequalaccesstoeducationbesolved?A.Onlyinternationalorganizationsshouldwork.B.Onlygovernmentsshouldwork.C.Internationalorganizationsandgovernmentsshouldworktogether.D.Childrenshouldsolvetheproblembythemselves.答案：C解析：从文中“Tosolvethisproblem,internationalorganizationsandgovernmentsshouldworktogethertoprovidemoreeducationalopportunitiesforthesechildren.”可知，国际组织和政府应共同努力解决教育机会不平等的问题，选C。完形填空（共10题）Inmodernsociety,timeismoney.Peoplearealways__41__tosavetime.Onewaytosavetimeistousemoderntechnology.Forexample,theInternethasmadeitpossibleforusto__42__informationquickly.Wedon'thavetogotothelibrarytolookforbooks.Wecanjust__43__theInternetandfindwhatweneed.Anotherwayistoimproveour__44__skills.Ifwecanmanageourtimewell,wecangetmorethingsdoneinashortertime.Forinstance,wecanmakea__45__ofthethingsweneedtodoeverydayandarrangetheminorderofimportance.However,weshouldalsorememberthattimeisnotonlyaboutwork.Weneedto__46__timeforrelaxationandentertainment.Spendingtimewithfamilyandfriendsisalsoveryimportant.Inaddition,weshouldbe__47__ofthetimewespendonunimportantthings.Weshouldavoid__48__toomuchtimeonsocialmediaorwatchingTV.Inconclusion,savingtimeisimportant,butweshouldalso__49__abalancebetweenworkandrest.Onlyinthiswaycanwelivea__50__andproductivelife.41.A.tryingB.tryingoutC.tryingonD.tryingfor答案：A解析：“trytodosth.”表示“努力做某事”；“tryout”意为“试验，试用”；“tryon”表示“试穿”；“tryfor”意为“争取，谋求”。这里说人们总是努力节省时间，选A。42.A.searchB.searchforC.lookD.findout答案：B解析：“search”后一般接地点；“searchfor”表示“寻找，搜寻”；“look”是不及物动词，要加“for”才能表示“寻找”；“findout”强调“查明，弄清楚”。这里说在网上快速寻找信息，选B。43.A.accessB.enterC.getD.arrive答案：A解析：“access”有“使用，访问”的意思，“accesstheInternet”表示“上网”；“enter”意为“进入”；“get”表示“得到”；“arrive”是不及物动词，后面要接介词才能接地点。所以选A。44.A.time-managementB.money-managementC.stress-managementD.self-management答案：A解析：根据后面“manageourtimewell”可知，这里说的是提高时间管理技能，选A。45.A.listB.noteC.recordD.plan答案：A解析：“makealistof”是固定短语，意为“列出……的清单”；“makeanote”表示“做笔记”；“makearecord”意为“做记录”；“makeaplan”表示“制定计划”。这里说列出每天要做的事情的清单，选A。46.A.spendB.takeC.costD.pay答案：B解析：“taketimeforsth.”表示“花时间做某事”；“spend”的主语是人，常用结构是“spendtime/moneyonsth.或spendtime/money(in)doingsth.”；“cost”的主语是物；“pay”常与“for”搭配。所以选B。47.A.carefulB.awareC.consciousD.thoughtful答案：B解析：“beawareof”表示“意识到”；“becarefulof”意为“小心，注意”；“beconsciousof”也有“意识到”的意思，但“beawareof”更常用；“bethoughtfulof”表示“体贴的，考虑周到的”。这里说要意识到花在不重要事情上的时间，选B。48.A.takingB.costingC.spendingD.paying答案：C解析：“spendtimeonsth.”是固定用法，这里说避免在社交媒体或看电视上花太多时间，选C。49.A.keepB.holdC.maintainD.preserve答案：C解析：“maintainabalance”表示“保持平衡”；“keep”强调“保持，保留”；“hold”意为“持有，握住”；“preserve”侧重于“保存，保护”。所以选C。50.A.happyB.sadC.busyD.lazy答案：A解析：根据语境，在工作和休息之间保持平衡才能过上快乐且有成效的生活，选A。笔译实务部分汉译英（共5题）1.中国是一个历史悠久、文化灿烂的国家。Chinaisacountrywithalonghistoryandsplendidculture.解析：“历史悠久”可以用“withalonghistory”来表达；“文化灿烂”用“sp