列车运行控制系统维护MaintenanceofTrainO

铁道信号自动控制专业教学资源库TeachingResourceDatabasefortheSpecialtyofAutomaticControlforRailwaySignal列车运行控制系统维护MaintenanceofTrainOperationControlSystem柳州铁道职业技术学院LiuzhouRailwayVocationalTechnicalCollege部分图片来源于网络SomepicturescomefromtheInternet.列控系统的概念、分类ConceptandClassificationofTrainControlSystem1、什么是列车运行控制系统？？1.Whatisthetraincontrolsystem??由列控中心设备、闭塞设备、地面信号设备、地车信息传输设备、车载速度控制设备构成的用于控制列车运行速度保证行车安全和提高运输效率的控制系统。Itisacontrolsystem,composedoftraincontrolcenterequipment,blockequipment,groundsignalequipment,ground-traininformationtransmissionequipmentandon-boardspeedcontrolequipment,tocontroltherunningspeedoftrainstoensureoperationsafetyandimprovetransportationefficiency.简单的说：Toputitsimply,由车载设备与地面设备构成的用于控制列车运行速度保证行车安全和提高运输效率的系统。Itisasystem,composedofon-boardequipmentandgroundequipment,tocontroltherunningspeedoftrainstoensureoperationsafetyandimprovetransportationefficiency.ConceptandClassificationofTrainControlSystem|Concept2、列控的发展2.DevelopmentofTrainControl列控系统是随着技术发展而提高的，从初级阶段的机车信号与自动停车装置，发展到列车速度监督系统与列车自动操纵系统。从技术发展的趋势看，列控系统是向着数字化、自动化、网络化的方向发展的，其主要作用是保证列车行车安全、提高运输效率、降低劳动强度。Thetraincontrolsystemisimprovedwiththedevelopmentoftechnology,fromlocomotivesignalandautomaticstopdeviceintheprimarystagetotrainspeedsupervisionsystemandautomatictraincontrolsystem.Fromtheperspectiveoftechnologydevelopmenttrend,thetraincontrolsystemisdevelopingtowarddigitalization,automationandnetworking.Itsmainfunctionistoensuretrainoperationsafety,improvetransportationefficiencyandreducelaborintensity.现代信息技术的迅速发展，对铁路信号技术产生了重要影响，为形成现代铁路信号系统提供了条件。列控系统已经是计算机、通信、控制等信息技术与信号技术的一个高水平集成与融合的产物。Therapiddevelopmentofmoderninformationtechnologyhasanimportantimpactonrailwaysignalingtechnologyandprovidesconditionsfortheformationofamodernrailwaysignalingsystem.Thetraincontrolsystemhasbeenaproductofhigh-levelintegrationandfusionofcomputer,communication,controlandotherinformationtechnologieswithsignalingtechnology.ConceptandClassificationofTrainControlSystem|Concept3、典型列控系统3.TypicalTrainControlSystem20世纪90年代以后，世界上许多国家研制开发了具有本国特色的列控系统。在技术上比较有代表性的且已投入使用的列控系统主要有：Since1990s,manycountriesintheworldhavedevelopedtraincontrolsystemswiththeirowncharacteristics.Technicallyrepresentativetraincontrolsystemsthathavebeenputintousemainlyinclude:德国的LZB系统，法国的TVM300和TVM430系统，日本新干线的ATC系统，以及我国使用的CTCS-2级列控系统，这些系统的共同特点是：可以实现自动连续监督列车运行速度，可靠地防止人为错误操作所造成的恶性事故的发生，保证列车的高速安全运行。ThecommoncharacteristicsofLZBsysteminGermany,TVM300andTVM430systemsinFrance,ATCsystemofShinkanseninJapanandCTCS-2traincontrolsystemusedinChinaarethattheycanautomaticallyandcontinuouslysupervisetherunningspeedoftrains,reliablypreventmalignantaccidentscausedbyhumanerrorsandensurehigh-speedandsafeoperationoftrains.ConceptandClassificationofTrainControlSystem|Classification3、典型列控系统3.TypicalTrainControlSystem法国U/T系统U/TsysteminFrance法国高速铁路TGV区段的列控系统，车载信号设备采用TVM300或TVM430，地对车的信息传输以无绝缘轨道电路UM71为基础，该列控系统简称U/T系统。TVM300系统采用无绝缘轨道电路UM71，地对车的信息传输容量仅有18个，速度监控是滞后阶梯式的。TVM430系统采用无绝缘轨道电路UM2000，数字通信技术使车地间的信息传输数字编码化，速度监控方式改为分级速度曲线控制模式，时速已达320公里。ForthetraincontrolsystemintheTGVsectionofhigh-speedrailwayinFrance,TVM300orTVM430isusedason-boardsignalequipment.Theground-to-traininformationtransmissionisbasedonuninsulatedtrackcircuitUM71.ThistraincontrolsystemisreferredtoasU/Tsystem.TheTVM300systemadoptsuninsulatedtrackcircuitUM71,theground-to-traininformationtransmissioncapacityisonly18,andthespeedmonitoringislagginginasteppedmanner.TheTVM430systemadoptsuninsulatedtrackcircuitUM2000.Thedigitalcommunicationtechnologymakestheground-to-traininformationtransmissiondigitallycoded,andthespeedmonitoringmodeischangedtohierarchicalspeedcurvecontrolmode,withaspeedof320km/h.ConceptandClassificationofTrainControlSystem|Classification3、典型列控系统3.TypicalTrainControlSystem德国LZB系统LZBsysteminGermany德国LZB系统是基于轨道电缆传输车地信息的列控系统，是世界上首次实现连续速度控制模式的列控系统，技术成熟。它利用轨道电缆作为车地间双向信息传输的通道，使用轨道电路来检查列车占用，轨旁设备较多，给维修带来不便。LZB以地面控制中心为主计算制动曲线，车载信号设备智能化不够，与其他列控系统兼容比较困难。TheLZBsysteminGermanyisatraincontrolsystembasedontrackcablestotransmittrain-groundinformation.Itisthefirsttraincontrolsystemintheworldthatrealizescontinuousspeedcontrolmode,withmaturetechnology.Itusestrackcablesasthechannelfortwo-wayinformationtransmissionbetweenthetrainandtheground,andusestrackcircuitstoinspecttrainoccupancy.Thereisalotoftracksideequipment,whichbringsinconveniencetomaintenance.LZBcalculatesthebrakingcurvemainlywiththegroundcontrolcenter.Theon-boardsignalequipmentisnotintelligentenoughandisdifficulttobecompatiblewithothertraincontrolsystems.ConceptandClassificationofTrainControlSystem|Classification3、典型列控系统3.TypicalTrainControlSystem日本ATC系统ATCsysteminJapan日本新干线现有的ATC系统普遍采用目标距离一次制动模式曲线方式，车载设备根据地面轨道电路传送来的信息和各开通区间的长度，求取与前方列车所占用区间的距离，综合线路数据、制动性能和允许速度等计算出列车运行速度，若列车接近前方减速点时，即刻生成目标距离一次制动模式曲线。目标距离一次制动模式曲线缩短了制动距离，并可根据列车性能给出不同的模式曲线，提高了运输效率。TheexistingATCsystemofShinkanseninJapangenerallyadoptstheone-stepbrakingmodecurveofthetargetdistance.Accordingtotheinformationtransmittedbythegroundtrackcircuitandthelengthofeachopeningsection,theon-boardequipmentcalculatesthedistancefromthesectionoccupiedbythetrainahead,andcalculatesthetrainrunningspeedbasedonthelinedata,brakingperformanceandallowablespeed.Ifthetrainapproachesthedecelerationpointahead,theone-stepbrakingmodecurveofthetargetdistancewillbegeneratedimmediately.Theone-stepbrakingmodecurveofthetargetdistanceshortensthebrakingdistance,anddifferentmodecurvescanbegivenaccordingtotrainperformance,thusimprovingtransportationefficiency.ConceptandClassificationofTrainControlSystem|Classification4、列控的分类4.ClassificationofTrainControl按照车地信息传输方式分Classificationaccordingtothetrain-groundinformationtransmissionmode①连续式列控系统①Continuoustraincontrolsystem②点式列控系统②Intermittenttraincontrolsystem③点-连式列车运行控制系统③Intermittent-continuoustraincontrolsystem按控制模式分Classificationaccordingtothecontrolmode

①阶梯控制方式①Stepcontrolmode②速度-距离模式曲线控制方式②Curvecontrolmethodofspeed-distancemode按照人机关系来分类Classificationaccordingtothehuman-machinerelationship①设备优先控制的方式①Equipmentprioritycontrolmode②司机优先控制方式②DriverprioritycontrolmodeConceptandClassificationofTrainControlSystem|ClassificationCTCS分级CTCSClassification1、概念1.ConceptCTCS英文：ChineseTrainControlSystem中文：中国列车运行控制系统Chinese:中国列车运行控制系统CTCSClassification2、CTCS应用等级划分

2.ClassificationofCTCSApplicationLevels（1）CTCS-0级(1)CTCS-0通用式机车信号+运行监控记录装置适合既有线，适用于列车最高运行速度为160km/h及以下。Generallocomotivesignal+operationmonitoringandrecordingdeviceItissuitableforexistinglinesandtrainswithamaximumrunningspeedof160km/horbelow.（2）CTCS-1级(2)CTCS-1主体机车信号+加强型运行监控装置Mainlocomotivesignal+enhancedLKJ面向160km／h及以下的区段，在既有设备基础上强化改造，达到机车信号主体化要求。Itisorientedtothesectionswithatrainrunningspeedof160km/horbelow.Thesystemcanmeettherequirementsoflocomotivesignalsubjectificationthroughupgradingonthebasisofexistingequipment,增加点式设备，实现列车运行安全监控功能。利用轨道电路完成列车占用检测及完整性检查，向列车传送控制信息。andcanmonitortherunningsafetyoftrainsbyaddingintermittentequipment.Itcanusetrackcircuitstocompletetrainoccupancydetectionandtrainintegrityinspection,andcontinuouslytransmitspeedcontrolinformationtotrains.

CTCSClassification2、CTCS应用等级划分

2.ClassificationofCTCSApplicationLevels（3）CTCS-2级(3)CTCS-2轨道电路+点式信息设备Trackcircuit+intermittentinformationequipment面向提速干线和高速新线，适用于各种限速区段，地面可不设通过信号机。Itisorientedtospeed-uptrunklinesandnewhigh-speedlines.Itisapplicabletovariousspeedlimitsections,andtherecanbenoautomaticblocksignalontheground.（4）CTCS-3级(4)CTCS-3无线传输信息+采用轨道电路等方式检查列车占用的列车运行控制系统Awireless-transmission-information-basedtraincontrolsystemusingtrackcircuitsandothermodestoinspecttrainoccupancy

面向提速干线、高速新线或特殊线路。适用于各种限速区段，地面可不设通过信号机，机车乘务员凭车载信号行车。Itisorientedtospeed-uptrunklines,newhigh-speedlinesorspeciallines.Itisapplicabletoallkindsofspeedlimitareas.Therecanbenoautomaticblocksignalonthegroundandthelocomotivedriverscandrivebytheon-boardsignal.

CTCSClassification2、CTCS应用等级划分

2.ClassificationofCTCSApplicationLevels（5）CTCS-4级(5)CTCS-4基于无线传输信息的列车运行控制系统Awireless-transmission-information-basedtraincontrolsystem面向高速新线或特殊线路，地面不设通过信号机，机车乘务员凭车载信号行车。Itisorientedtonewhigh-speedlinesorspeciallines.Therecanbenoautomaticblocksignalonthegroundandthelocomotivedriverscandrivebytheon-boardsignal.

列车定位和完整性检查由无线闭塞中心和车载验证系统共同完成，实现虚拟闭塞或移动闭塞。Theradioblockcenterandon-boardverificationsystemareusedtojointlycompletetrainpositioningandintegrityinspection,torealizevirtualblockormovingblock.

虚拟闭塞是准移动闭塞的一种特殊方式，它不设轨道占用检查设备，采取无线定位方式来实现列车定位和占用轨道的检查功能，闭塞分区是以计算机技术虚拟设定。Virtualblockisaspecialquasi-movingblockmethod.Ituseswirelesspositioning,insteadoftrackoccupancyinspectionequipment,torealizetrainpositioningandtrackoccupancyinspection.Theblocksubsectionsaresetvirtuallybycomputertechnology.

思考：这五级系统有什么相同点与不同点呢？Thinking:Whatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthesefivelevelsofsystems?CTCSClassification3、CTCS应用等级划分的特点3.Characteristicso