信号机设置的规则铁路信号基础设备维护课件

信号机设置的规则天津铁道职业技术学院铁路信号基础设备维护信号机设置的规则PrinciplesofsignalsettingSectionone,Principlesofsignalsetting.Inthispart,weexplainthepositionofthesignalmachine,theselectionofthesignalmachinecolumn,thesignalmachinebuildingboundaryandthesignalmachinesettingoftheACelectrictractionsection.一般设于行车方向线路左侧（1）中国铁路实行左侧行车制，机车上司机的座位统一设在左侧，为便于瞭望，规定所有信号机应设在行车方向线路的左侧。如果两线路之间距离不足以装设信号机时，可采用信号托架或信号桥。装载信号托架和信号桥上的信号机，可设于线路左侧，也可设于所属线路中心线的上方。（2）在特殊情况下，如果线路左侧没有装设信号机的条件，或因曲线、隧道、桥梁等影响，装载右侧比装在左侧显示距离较远，在保证不致使司机误认的条件下，经铁路局集团公司批准，也可设在右侧。Generallylocatedontheleftsideoftherouteinthedirectionoftraffic(1)TheChineserailwayimplementsaleft-handdrivingsystem,andthedriver’sseatonthetrainisuniformlysetontheleftside.Tofacilitateobservation,itisstipulatedthatallsignalsshouldbesetontheleftsideofthelineinthedirectionoftravel.Ifthedistancebetweenthetwolinesisnotenoughtoinstallasignal,asignalbracketorsignalbridgecanbeused.Thesignalmachineinstalledonthesignalbracketandsignalbridgecanbeinstalledontheleftsideofthelineorabovethecenterlineoftheline.(2)Inspecialcircumstances,suchasthereisnoconditiontoinstallasignalontheleftsideoftheline,orduetotheinfluenceofcurves,tunnels,bridges,etc.,thedisplayontherightsideisfartherthantheleftsideoftheload,undertheconditionthatthedriverwillnotbemisidentified,WiththeapprovaloftheRailwayAdministrationGroupCompany,itcanalsobelocatedontherightside.（3）信号机设置的地点，由电务部门会同运输、机务及工务等有关部门共同研究确定。（4）在确定信号机地点时，除了满足信号显示距离的要求外，还应考虑到该信号机不致被误认为邻线的信号机。(3)Thelocationofthesignalneedstobejointlystudiedanddeterminedbytheelectricaldepartmentandtherelevantdepartmentsoftransportation,maintenance,andpublicworks.(4)Whendeterminingthelocationofthesignal,inadditiontomeetingtherequirementsofthesignaldisplaydistance,itshouldalsobeconsideredthatthesignalwillnotbemistakenforaneighboringsignal.Asshownintheabovepicture,picture(a)iseasytobemistakenforthesignaloftheadjacentline,andpicture(b)willnotbemistakenforthesignaloftheneighboringline.信号机柱的选择SelectionofsignalcolumnThehigh-columnsignalhastheadvantagesoflongdisplaydistanceandclearobservationposition.Therefore,thehigh-columnsignalshouldbeusedasfaraspossibleforthecolorlightsignal.Inparticular,thehigh-columnsignalshouldbeusedforsignalswithlongerdisplaydistancesspecifiedinthe"RailwayTechnicalManagementRegulations".选择高列信号的具体要求如下:（1）为了提高通过能力，进而提高运输效率，进站、接车进路、正线出站、通过、预告信号机，应尽量采用高柱信号机，进站、预告、通过信号机采用矮型信号机时必须经有关部门批准才能采用。（2）带容许信号的通过信号机、四显示自动闭塞区段的两方向出站信号机（及带调车信号）两方向出站兼发车进路信号机、带调车信号的接车进路信号机、带调车信号的两方向出站信号机兼接车进路信号机、进站复示信号机、遮断信号机及其预告信号机必须采用高柱信号机。（3）设在牵出线上的、岔线入口处的调车信号机，也应采用高柱信号机。Thespecificrequirementsfortheselectionofhighcolumnsignalsareasfollows:(1)Inordertoimprovethepassingcapacityandthusthetransportationefficiency,thehigh-columnsignalshouldbeusedasfaraspossibleforthesignalforhoming,receivingroute,startingthemainline,passing,andapproachingsignal.Whenusinglow-profilesignalsforhoming,approaching,andpassingsignals,theymustbeapprovedbytherelevantauthoritiesbeforetheycanbeused.(2)Passingsignalwithallowablesignal,two-directionstartingsignalwithfour-displayautomaticblocksection,two-directionstartinganddeparturesignalentrysignal,receivingroutesignalwithshuntingsignal,andshuntingsignalboththestartingsignalandthetrain'sreceivingroutesignal,thehomingrepeatsignal,theinterruptionsignalanditswarningsignalmustbehigh-column.(3)Theshuntingsignalonthepull-outlineandattheentranceofthebranchlineshouldalsoadoptthehigh-columnsignal.高柱信号机的设置，受到建筑限界的影响，另外考虑到不影响到发线的有效长等因素，允许无通过进路的到发线的出站、发车进路信号机、道岔区内的调车信号机，可设矮型信号机出站、调车复示信号机可设矮型信号机。至于各种高柱信号机机柱类型（长度）、埋深及机构安装尺寸，各种矮型信号机的混凝土基础、埋深及机构安装尺寸，见有关规定。Thesettingofthehigh-columnsignalisaffectedbythebuildingboundary.Inaddition,takingintoaccountfactorssuchasnotaffectingtheeffectivelengthofthedepartureline,itallowstheexitofthearrivalanddeparturelinewithoutpassingthroughtheroad,thedepartureentrancesignal,andtheswitchareashuntingsignalmachinecanbesetwithashortsignalmachine.shortsignalmachinecanbesetupforstartingandshuntingrepeatsignals.Asforthecolumntype(length),burieddepth,andinstallationdimensionsofvarioushigh-columnsignals,andtheconcretefoundation,burieddepthandinstallationdimensionsofvariouslow-profilesignals,seerelevantregulations.信号机建筑限界任何信号机不得侵入铁路建筑限界。《铁路技术管理规程（普速铁路部分）》规定：对于正线信号机和通行超限货物列车的站线信号机，限界所属轨道中心至信号机突出边缘的距离为2440mm，站线信号机为2150mm。在曲线线路上，应按有关规定进行加宽。ThesignalmachinebuildingboundaryAnysignalshallnotinvadetherailwayconstructionboundary.The"RailwayTechnicalManagementRegulations"stipulatesthatformainlinesignalsandstationlinesignalsforover-limitcargotrains,thedistancefromthecenterofthetracktowhichthelimitbelongstotheprotrudingedgeofthesignalis2440mm,andthestationlinesignalis2150mm.Onthecurvedline,itshouldbewidenedinaccordancewithrelevantregulations.Anysignalshallnotinvadetherailwayconstructionboundary.Theabovepictureisanexample,theboundaryofthesignalismarked,whichisasafedistance.各种高柱信号机，其机柱、梯子、机构的安装，均不得侵入建筑限界。（1）在非电力牵引区段，直线线路高柱信号机的建筑限界为，机柱中心至所属线路中心的距离，限界2440mm时对应为2630mm，限界2150mm时对应为2340mm。（2）矮型信号机机构中心距所属线路中心，三显示、四显示（含带进路表示器）、五显示出站或进路信号机，调车信号机为2029mm，带进路表示器的三显示出站或进路信号机为2163mm，复示信号机为2095mm。（3）在电力牵引区段直线线路高柱信号机，机柱中心至所属线路中心距离为2900mm（线间距为5300mm时），高柱出站信号机与邻近线路中心的距离，限界2440mm时为2630mm，限界2150mm时为2400mm。Theinstallationofallkindsofhigh-pillarsignals,theirpillars,ladders,andmechanismsmustnotinvadethebuildingboundaries.(1)Inthenon-electrictractionsection,thearchitecturallimitofthehigh-columnsignalonastraightlineisthedistancefromthecenterofthecolumntothecenteroftheline.Thelimitof2440mmcorrespondsto2630mm,andthelimitof2150mmcorrespondsto2340mm.(2)Thecenteroftheshort-shapedsignalmechanismisawayfromthecenterofthelinetowhichitbelongs.Thethree-display,four-display,andfive-displayexitorentrysignal,theshuntingsignalis2029mm,andthethree-displayexitorentrysignalwiththeentryindicatoris2163mm,therepeatersignalis2095mm.(3)Intheelectrictractionsectionofthestraightlinehigh-pillarsignal,thedistancefromthecenterofthepillartothecenterofthelineis2900mm.Thedistancebetweenthehigh-pillaroutboundsignalandthecenteroftheadjacentlineis2630mmwhentheboundaryis2440mm,and2400mmwhentheboundaryis2150mm.交流电力牵引区段的信号机设置（1）进站、预告、通过信号机与接触网支柱同侧设置时，信号显示距离不应受接触网设备影响如影响显示时，信号机安装方式可作适当调整。（2）在站内相邻两到发线（只有一条线路通行超限货物车）的线间，设置高柱出站信号机时，两线间距离不得小于5300mm。在相邻两条线路（均通行超限货物列车）的线间，设置高柱信号机时，两线间距离不得小于5530mm。SignalmachinesettingoftheACelectrictractionsection(1)Thesignaldisplaydistanceshouldnotbeaffectedbythecatenaryequipmentwhenhomingsignal,approachingsignal,andpassingsignalonthesamesideasthecatenarypillar.Ifitaffectsthedisplay,theinstallationmethodofthesignalcanbeadjustedappropriately.(2)Whensettingthehighcolumnstartingsignalbetweentwoadjacentlinestothereceiving-departuretrack,thedistancebetweenthetwolinesshallnotbelessthan5300mm.Betweenthelinesoftwoadjacentlines,whensettingupahighcolumnsignal,thedistancebetweenthetwolinesshallnotbelessthan5530mm.（3）高柱信号机安装限界达不到要求时，在满足建筑限界的条件下，需采取措施。设在直线部分的高柱色灯信号机，可与接触网施工单位进行密切配合调整来解决安全距离问题设在曲线部分的高柱色灯信号机，可加装防护网或机构背板缩小100mm来解决安全距离问题。（4）信号机的金属体外缘部分（主要是背板）与接触网带电部分的距离不得小于2m；与回流线距离在1m以内时，应加绝缘防护，但不得小于0.7m。(3)Whentheinstallation