专题05 单项选择（综合知识全梳理）（原卷版）

专题05单项选择（综合知识全梳理）目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\u 1 2·模块一单项主要考查点 2·模块二单项解题思路 31.直接法： 32.关键词法 43.类推法 44.前后照应法 45.排除法 56.交际法 5 6 91．（2022·上海·中考真题）Yoursilkscarfisoverthere.Thisoneis_______.A．I B．me C．my D．mine2．（2022·上海·中考真题）Thisdetectivestoryis_______thantheoneIreadlastnight.A．attractive B．moreattractive C．mostattractive D．themostattractive3．（2022·上海·中考真题）Thenewrestaurant_______twosurveysonitsfoodandservicesinceJune.A．isdoing B．willdo C．did D．hasdone4．（2022·上海·中考真题）—_______Iuseyourglue?I’mmakingakite.—Noproblem.Hereyouare.A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May5．（2022·上海·中考真题）ThethreeChineseastronauts_______safelyfromspaceonApril16,2022.A．returned B．arereturning C．havereturned D．hadreturned6．（2022·上海·中考真题）Theyoungplayerspendsfourhours_______volleyballeveryday.A．practise B．practising C．topractise D．practised7．（2022·上海·中考真题）TheInternetenablesfarmers_______fruitsandvegetablesacrossthecountry.A．sell B．selling C．tosell D．sold8．（2022·上海·中考真题）Makesure_______hasthetextbookswhenthenewtermstarts.A．nobody B．anybody C．somebody D．everybody9．（2021·上海·中考真题）Weshouldlookforwardtothefuture,________neverforgetthepast.A．or B．so C．but D．for10．（2021·上海·中考真题）Theamusementparkhasreceivedmanyvisitors,________?A．hasit B．hasn’tit C．doesit D．doesn’tit11．（2021·上海·中考真题）YuanLongpingisrecognizedasoneof________agriculturalscientistsintheworld.A．great B．greater C．greatest D．thegreatest12．（2021·上海·中考真题）Yourideaofadayonthebeachsounds________.CanIjoinyou?A．lovely B．softly C．politely D．beautifully13．（2021·上海·中考真题）Lastweekend,David________avisittohisgrandparentsinthecountryside.A．pays B．paid C．willpay D．haspaid14．（2021·上海·中考真题）Themanageraskedhissecretary________thereportbeforeFriday.A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．tofinish15．（2021·上海·中考真题）Michaelandhisfriendspractise________tabletennisafterschooleveryday.A．play B．played C．playing D．toplay·模块一单项主要考查点单项选择该题型在上海市的中考题中属于必考题型；它的特点是考点多，覆盖面广，题量大。其主要考查点是：1.考查基本语法;2.考查同义词、近义词的辨析;3考查各种词汇的惯用法和固定搭配;4.考查掌握和运用日常交际用语的能力。所有的知识点都涵盖在预初至初三的教材之中，单项选择共15个小题。·模块二单项解题思路由于单项选择题所考查的范围较广，所以要想做好此类题一要具备扎实的英语基础知识，二要紧扣语境，抓住关键词。具体应注意以下几点：1.复习时要弄清初中阶段所出现的几种主要时态和语态的用法、结构、与之连用的状语及各自的特殊用法。重点要分清现在完成时、一般过去时的用法。对宾语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、比较等级以及它们的用法规则都要一一弄清楚。还要注意固定搭配、习惯用语、动词的时态和语态、动词辨析以及不同词性的词的用法。2.在解题方面要突出语境，在语境中选语句和词汇，防止汉语思维的干扰。英语中一些关键词的含义往往是由它所处的语义环境(即上下文)决定的，答题时如忽视了语境，就很容易答错题。3.在解题时要注意句型结构和语序。要掌握初中阶段所出现的句型结构，注意宾语从句、感叹句的语序。4.掌握习语和日常交际用语。应掌握大纲词汇、习惯用语。由于文化背景和风俗习惯的不同，对于一些日常交际用语应记牢。从近几年来上海的中考试卷分析可以看出，单项选择题的考点主要分布在：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词;时态、语态;词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上在做单项选择题时，同学们除应具有较扎实的语言基础知识和善于思考外，掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。由于单项选择覆盖面广，其解题思路也多种多样。1.直接法：即直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出正确答案的解题方法，例如：Willyoucometothenetbars(网吧)withme?Sorry.Mymotheralwaystellsme___________there.A.notgoB.goC.nottogoD.togo2.关键词法许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词(keywords)。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口，例如：Hehardlyhurthimselfintheaccident,_______________?A.doesn'theB.didn'theC.didheD.doesheWhatdidyousee,Mary?Isawalotoftreeson______ofthelake.A.eithersideB.allsidesC.bothsidesD.otherside在平时练习中，我们接触的多是下列表达：onbothsidesoftheroad/street/river。但本题中lake无两边之分，只能是“在四周”。所以正确答案是B。本题中lake一词成为关键词。3.类推法如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用“如果A对，那么B也对”的类推法，从而可将A、B予以否定，例如：Who'sthemanatthedoor?___________________________.A.HeisadoctorB.HeisafriendofmineC.HeisafamoussingerD.Heistwenty4.前后照应法此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前，透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息，方能准确找出答案，例如：Heisn'tateacher,ishe?__________________.Heworksinahospital.A.Yes,heisB.No,heisn'tC.Yes,Heisn'tD.No,heisIt'sdangeroustoplayhere.Allright.Let'sgoandfinda_______________place.A.quietB.safeC.brightD.dark5.排除法根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验，辨别真伪，例如：Thegirlaskedtheteacher_______________.A.whatdoesthemuseumlookslikeB.whatdidthemuseumlooklikeC.whatthemuseumlookslikeD.whatthemuseumlookedlike6.交际法此方法可用30个交际用语，联系上下文直接解题，例如：Wouldyouliketohaveanothercupoftea?_____________.A.Yes,IdoB.NotalallC.No,thanksD.Helpyourself以上六种方法，大家要在具备扎实的基础知识条件下，灵活运用。同时，我们还要提醒大家注意以下几点：(1)不要受母语思维习惯的影响。学习外语常常会受母语习惯的影响。因此解题时也常会受母语思维模式的影响，例如：______________isthecapitalofAmerica?Washington.A.WhereB.WhatC.InwhereD.Inwhich__________it'sdifficulttolearnEnglishwell,__________youshouldneverdropit.A.Though;butB.Though;×C.Because;soD.Because;×(2)防止定势思维。有些固定搭配或习惯表达法大家掌握较牢靠，但也正是由于受到这些习惯表达的影响，犯一些思维定势的错误，例如：Iwon'tcomeback_____________August5and7.A.untilB.bothC.betweenD.forCanadaislargerthan_____________countryinAsia(亚洲).A.anyotherB.otherC.anyD.allothers(3)防止“鱼目混珠”。有些词由于词性、词义不同，它的用法也不同，应注意辨别，例如：Doyouknowifhe_____________toplaybasketballwithus?Ithinkhewillcomeifhe_______________freetomorrow.A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willheHemadefaces_____________thebaby_____________crying.A.tomake;stopB.make;stopC.make;tostopD.tomake;tostop16．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）Susanfinallybecameapopularsingeraftershepractised________foryears.A．sing B．singing C．tosing D．sang17．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）Thereisonlyalittle________inthefridge.That’snotenoughforbreakfast.A．cake B．milk C．egg D．vegetable18．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）Someexchangestudents________abouttheirspeechinSingaporethistimeyesterday.A．talk B．aretalking C．weretalking D．havetalked19．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）IwantedtoseetheKunOpera,somydaughteroffered________metowatchanopera.A．totake B．taking C．took D．takes20．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）—Doyouknow________Lisacleansherbedroom?—Perhapseveryday.She’sahardworkinggirl.A．howfast B．howlong C．howsoon D．howoften21．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）Trytoavoid_________thatway.Youmighthurtotherpeople.A．speaking B．tospeak C．speak D．spoken22．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Afterthreemonthsonalow-fatdiet,Marylooksmuch________thanbefore.A．thin B．thinner C．thinnest D．thethinnest23．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Improperfoodcandamageyourhair,________.A．sothestressinlifecan B．socanthestressinlifeC．neithercanthestressinlife D．neitherthestressinlifecan24．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）ThelittlechildcanspeakEnglish________hisparentscan’t.A．when B．while C．as D．since25．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Aftertheguests________themselves,thehostbeganto________somejokes.A．seating;say B．seated;tell C．seated;say D．seating;tell26．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）Couldyoudome________favorandsendmydaughtertoschooltoday?A．a B．an C．the D．/27．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）Therelationshipbetweenthesetwostudentsbecameeven________afterthetalk.A．close B．closer C．closest D．theclosest28．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）IwonderedifJerry________hisparentsabouthisanxietyandworriesofschoollife.A．tells B．istelling C．hastold D．wouldtell29．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）—Mike,didyouenjoyyourstayinNorthEurope?—Ofcourse,mum.Ihad________wonderfultimethere.A．a B．an C．the D．/30．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）Theworkershardlyhurtthemselvesintheaccident,________?A．dothey B．didthey C．don’tthey D．didn’tthey31．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）_________beautifultheflowerslookinfullbloomduringspringtime!A．What B．Whata C．Whatan D．How32．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）Abbywaved_________tohermotherwhenhercarapproached.A．excite B．excited C．exciting D．excitedly33．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—_________youpleasepassthedishtome?—Certainly,noproblem.A．Must B．Should C．May D．Would34．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—Wouldyoulikesomemorenoodles,Colin?—Yes,just_________,please.A．afew B．few C．alittle D．little35．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—Whenareyougoingtoseethenewfilm,thisafternoonortonight?—_________isOK.I’mfreetoday.A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All36．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—WhichofthetwoT-shirtswouldyouliketochoose?—Both.ThenIcangiveonetomybrotherandleave_________tomyself.A．another B．theother C．other D．others37．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Besuretofollowthetrafficrulesseriously,________youwillgetintotrouble.A．so B．or C．and D．but38．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）You________neversucceedwithoutalong-termgoalandenougheffort.A．can B．must C．need D．should39．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Thelittlegirlwithcurlyhairlooks________inherpinkskirt.A．honestly B．happily C．lovely D．seriously40．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Later,Ifoundoutthattheyoungmanwasanoldfriendof________.A．me B．my C．myself D．mine41．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Thedetectivecheckedtheroomcarefully,buthedidn’tfind________strange.A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything42．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Itisreportedthatthethirdairport________inShanghaiintwoyears.A．isbuilt B．wasbuilt C．hasbeenbuilt D．willbebuilt43．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）________luckyyouaretohavesuchawarmfamily!A．How B．Howa C．What D．Whata44．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Somescientistssuggest________atanearlyage,butothersdonot.A．write B．towrite C．writing D．towriting45．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Manypeoplefailed________homeintimeforNewYear’sEvedinnerbecauseoftheheavysnow.A．arrive B．arriving C．toarrive D．toarriving46．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Thefilmdirector_______hishead,afterhe_____severalscenes.A．shoke,shot B．shaken,shoot C．shook,shot D．shoke,shoot47．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Theserobotscanalsohelpdoctorsto________patients.A．operate B．beoperated C．operateon D．operateto48．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Braintoldyouthattherewasn’tanyoneintheroomatthattime,_______?A．wasthere B．wasn’tthere C．didn’the D．didhe49．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Oneofhisambitions____aroundtheworld.A．issail B．istosail C．aresailing D．aretosail50．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______bythebrillianceofhisspeech,MarydeterminedtopracticespeakingEnglisheverymorning.A．Impressing B．Beimpressed C．Havingimpressed D．Impressed51．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!A．How B．What C．Whata D．Howa52．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______ofourearthiscoveredwithwater.A．Seven-tenth B．Seventh-tenths C．Seven-tenths D．Seventh-tens53．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Mary’sgrandfather________for2years.A．hasdied B．hasdead C．hasbeendied D．hasbeendead54．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Perhapstherewon’tbe________foreverybodyinthirtyyears’time.A．enoughroom B．enoughrooms C．roomsenough D．roomenough55．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Thelittleboydidn’tknow________.A．whichhatishis B．whichhathisis C．whichhatwashis D．whichhathiswas56．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Thereused_______arestauranthere.A．tobe B．tohave C．tobeing D．tohaving57．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）He’sneverlateforschool,_______he?A．has B．hasn’t C．is D．isn’t58．（23-24九年级下·上海青浦·阶段练习）Inthetalentshow,IpreformedwellandAnndideven________.A．good B．well C．better D．best59．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Moreattentionshouldbepaid________agoodhabbitofreadingeffectively.A．todevelop B．fordeveloping C．todeveloping D．indeveloping60．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Lucyaswellasherbrother________veryhardand________aprizethisyear.A．studies,isawarded B．study,areawarded C．studies,awards D．study,award61．（21-22九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）AtlastEddieadmitted________hisneighbour’shouse,buthedenied________thevase.A．breakinginto;stealing B．breakinginto;tosteal C．tobreakoff;stealing D．tobreakdown;tosteal62．（22-23九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）“WherearetheGreeks?”askedthecaptain.“They________forafewminutes,”answeredtheguard.A．havegone B．havebeenhereC．havebeenaway D．havedisappeared63．（21-22九年级下·上海徐汇·期中）Hespentallhisfreetimehehas________hisclassmates．A．helping B．helped C．tohelp D．help64．（21-22九年级下·上海浦东新·期中）ItwassurprisingthatBill_________alltheemailsonhiscomputerbylunchtimeyesterday.A．hadchecked B．haschecked C．checked D．checks65．（21-22九年级下·上海金山·期中）MissWhite________12differentcountriesbytheendoflastyear.A．hasbeento B．hadbeento C．hasgoneto D．wentto66．（2022·重庆渝中·模拟预测）—Icalledyoulastnightat9:30andIbelievedyou________beathomebecausenooneansweredthephone.—Sorry,I________atthattime.A．mustn’t;wouldhavebeensleeping B．couldn’t;sho