Unit5MusicDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件-高一英语人教版

Unit5Music

DiscoveringUseful

Structures

PastparticiplesasthepredicativeandtheadverbialPartOne

PastParticipleasthePredicative(过去分词用作表语)1、过去分词作表语时,与谓语动词构成_______结构,表示主语的性质、特征或状态,相当于形容词。例：Everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech．Youlookedfrightened.Hebecameinterestedintwotheories.系表Pastparticiplesasthepredicative(表语)系动词：be动词；感官动词look,sound,smell,taste,feel;表示状态变化的系动词become,grow,turn,get,go;表示保持状态的系动remain,stay,keep;其他常见系动词seem（似乎），appear（显得），prove（证明是）。

例1：Thisshopisnowclosed．

Thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday．(状态)(动作）2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或所处的状态，相当于形容词；而被动语态中，主语是动词所表示动作的承受者，后面常跟by。Pleasetellaparttheeachtwosentences.1.Thecupwasbrokenbyhim.Thecupisbroken.2.Thenoveliswellwritten.

ThenoveliswrittenbyMoYan.(动作）(状态）(动作）(状态）3、过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别：用其过去分词形式来说明人的情况，含义为“感到…的”用动词-ing形式通常来说明物的情况,译为“令人….的”例1：ThebookisinterestingandI’minterestedinit.①Robertwas_________whenheknewthe_________comingholiday.(excite)②Whenheheardthe_________story，hewasdeeply________.(move)③Hiswordswere

，whichmademanypeople

.(discourage)excitedmovingmoveddiscouragingdiscouragedexciting过去分词做表语1.Theplantsthattheyfoundtherewere

(astonish)2.Iwas

(astonish)tolearnthathislonglostchild

hadbeenfound.3.She

had

a

(worry)

look

on

her

face

because

she

failed

theexam.

4.

He

looked

(interest)

in

the

idea

I

put

forward.

5.The

motherwenttovisitEinstein.(puzzle)

astonishingastonishedworriedinterestedpuzzledPartTwo

PastParticipleastheAdverbial(过去分词用作状语)1.What’sthelogicalSubject(主语)oftheunderlinedpastparticiples?2.What’stherelationshipbetweentheunderlinedpastparticiplesandtheirSubjects,activeorpassive?1.BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.2.Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”3.Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos…过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。WhitacrehehePastparticiplesastheadverbial(状语)分词可做时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式、伴随等状语，相当于一个状语从句。分词作状语时，用来修饰一个句子，分词的逻辑主语必须和该句子的主语保持一致。过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示被动完成的动作，与主句主语之间是逻辑上的动宾（被动）关系。例1：Givenmoreattention,thetreecangrowbetter.例2：Guided

bytheseprinciples,they

wentonwiththework.Oncepublished

,hisworksbecamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeattheendofeachline.过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句。Askedabouthisaddress,thelittleboydidn’trespond.1.过去分词作时间状语

(=Oncetheywerepublished）(=Whenhewasaskedabouthisaddress)Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Givenadvicebythefamousdetective

,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.2.过去分词作原因状语

3.过去分词作条件状语

Givenmoretime

,wewilldobetter.Heatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapor.（=Becauseitwasdoneinahurry）（=Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective）(=Ifwearegivenmoretime)(=Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature)Evenifinvited,Iwillnottakepartintheparty.The

old

man

walkedinthepark,supportedbyhis

wife.3.过去分词作让步状语

4.过去分词作方式、伴随状语

（=EvenifIaminvited）（=andwassupportedby

his

wife）例：Hewentout,shuttingthedoorbehindhim.(1)逻辑关系现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别：①

现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。he是shut动作的发出者②

过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。Givenmoreencouragement,theboycouldhavebehavedbetter.theboy与give是被动关系（2）时间概念①过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，表示“一种完成的状态”。WritteninFrench,thelettercannotbeunderstood.Builtin1910,themuseumisalmost100yearsold.②现在分词表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行。Istoodthere,waitingforher.Walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.注意1：部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，而表示主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：seated(坐着的),hidden(躲着),lost/absorbedin(沉溺于/沉浸在),dressedin(穿着),tiredof(厌烦了)，exposedto（接触到）等。Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,shedidn’thearthesound.她陷入沉思，没有听到声音。Dressedinanewdress,shelooksverybeautiful.她穿着一件新裙子，看起来很漂亮。注意2：无论时现在分词，还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达方式。Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.()Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.()

Ifthethiefiscaught,thepolicewillpunishhim/her.()

1.Theboycamein,________(follow)byhisfather.2.Theboycamein,________(follow)hisfather.3._______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindourschoollooksmorebeautiful.

4.____(see)fromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.5.Nervously_________(face)challenges,IbelieveIcanmakeit.6.________(face)withthesituation,Arnoldaskedhisbossforadvice.7._________(devote)toscience,Henrycan’tlookafterhischildren.8._________(devote)himselftoscience,Henrycan’t

lookafterhischildren.followedfollowingSeeingSeenfacingFacedDevotedDevotingPracticeCheckyo