国际航运英语课件

航运英语江苏海事职业技术学院国际CargoPreparationPre-studyQuestionsQ1:Whycanbulkcargohandlingbenefitmorefromthedevelopmentsofmechanicalhandlingequipmentthangeneralcargohandling?Andinyouropinion,whatisthesolutiontogeneralcargohandlinginthisconnection?Q2:Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenverticalloadingandhorizontalloading?(1)Theconcept1.Theconceptofcargo[massnoun]goodscarriedonaship,aircraft,ormotorvehicleCargo(pl.-oes

或-os)(2)Verbalphrases1.TheConceptofCargotoloadacargotounloadacargotohandleacargoVerbalphrases2.TypesofCargo

Drybulkcargoes

BulkcargoesLiquidbulkcargoes

General

cargoes(1)Packing3.CargoPreparation

Packagingisusuallynecessaryforcarryingcommoditiesasgeneralcargo,esp.inbreakbulk.

(1)Packing3.CargoPreparation

Packingmaterials:Paperandcarton

aretraditionallymostlyusedinlocaltransport,wheretheriskofdamageisusuallysmaller.Plasticandjutebagsarecommonlyusedtopacktraditionalbulkcommoditiesinsmallquantities,likecement,sugarorgrain.Wood

isstillcommontomakecasesorcrates.Drums

andbarrelsaremadeofmetalorplasticsandusedfortransportofliquidsinsmalllots.(1)Packing3.CargoPreparation

Othertypesofpackaging:Theothertypesofpackagingarebales,drums,barrels,casks,buckets,shrinkwrapping,liftvans,andpreservationagainstcorrosion.(1)Packing3.CargoPreparation

Informationrequiredforpackaging:Thetypesofpackagingrequireddependonnatureandtypeofgoods,volume,weight,numberofpackages,modeoftransport,finaldestination,etc.(2)Marking3.CargoPreparation(2)Marking3.CargoPreparationShippingmarks

(Recognitionmarks)(Destination)

Shippingmarksarenotonlystenciledonthetransportpackingofcargoesbutalsoappearontheinvoice,insurancedocuments,Bs/Landsomeotherdocuments.(2)Marking3.CargoPreparationIndicativemarks

(Handling/Protectiveinstructions)

Especiallywithfragilecommodities,itisimportanttomarkthepackagewithhandlingdirectionstoavoidbreakageandotherdamages.Thatis,indicativemarksaretoremindtheportersandthecontainer-openersthatimproperhandlingmightcausedamagetothegoods.(2)Marking3.CargoPreparationIndicativemarks

(2)Marking3.CargoPreparationWarningmarks

(Dangerouscargomarks)

Chinaandmanyothercountriesintheworlddemandwarningmarksondangerouscargoes.Thewarningmarksaretoremindthehandlerstotakenecessarysafetymeasures.

(2)Marking3.CargoPreparationWarningmarks

(2)Marking3.CargoPreparationWarningmarks

(2)Marking3.CargoPreparation

Moreover,itispreferableforthegrossandt