Unit1-语法课-公开课课件（三）

Unit1Unit1Learningaboutlanguage必修2DiscoveringusefulstructuresSentenceswithattributiveclauses:ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.2.Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.3.Itwasalsoatreasuredecoratedwithgoldandjewels,whichtookthecountry’sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake.Canyoufindoutmorethesentenceswithattributiveclauses?Answerstoexercise2:Restrictiveattributiveclausesgiveimportantinformationtofindaparticularthingorpersonfromtwoormoreotherthingsorpeople.(seethesentence2inexercise1)2.Non-restrictiveattributiveclausesgiveextrainformationwhichisinterestingorusefulbutnotessentialforfindingaparticularthingorperson.(seethesentences1,3inexercise1)GrammarTheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句构成：+,+关系词先行词Iamastudent,IamstudyinginNo.1middleschoolofourcityIamastudent

whoisstudyinginNo.1middleschoolofourcity+其他部分非限制性定语从句构成：+,+关系词先行词Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分关系代词的指代关系指人指物在定语从句中的作用WhoWhomWhichwhose√√主语 宾语主语 宾语定语√√√宾语指代整个主句关系副词的指代关系指地点指时间在定语从句中的作用WhereWhen√√时间状语地点状语介词+which1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如:(1)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwhoisstandingthere?

站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?(2)Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.

多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,一般不用that和why引导。非限制性定语从句中,关系词不可省略。如：(1)YesterdayImetProfessorKing,whocamefromtheUniversityofLondon.昨天我遇见金教授,他从是伦敦大学来的。(2)Helentmeadictionary,whichwasjustwhatIneeded.他借给我一本词典,这正是我所需要的。3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语,而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。如：(1)Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。解析:从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事,因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。(2)Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语,令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。解析:从语境可知,令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句。Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.As引导的非限制性定语从句,意味“正如...”常位于句首,which不可以。先行词在从句做定语,用关系词whose品读规律介词+关系代词，介词的选用，要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。PeoplewillrememberAugust8th,2008,when29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.先行词在从句中作时间状语,用when或介词+which。Cindyisalovelygirl,withwhommanypeopleliketomakefriends.

1.Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.

她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。（意含：她还有其他弟弟。）Shehastwobrothers,

whoareworkinginthecity.

她有两个弟弟,他们在这个城市工作。（意含：她只有两个弟弟。）品味一“翻”2.Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。

Hewillwearnoclothes,

whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服,这会使他显得与众不同。Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:她还有其他哥哥)Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:她只有一个哥哥)3.Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthem

arewellwritten.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。(意含:不带插图的书则不一定写得好)Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有的书都带插图,这些书都写得很好。(意含:没有不带插图的书)当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时,往往先确定先行词，然后再分析先行词在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。整理一番尝试篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause错漏“摆”出1.PeopleareexcitedtomeetZhaiZhigang,hewasthefirstChinesetowalkinspace.2.ManyChinesewillneverforgetMay12th,2008,whenabigearthquakehappenedinSichuanthen.3.WhichisshownonTV,manychildrensufferedalotfromthepollutedmilk.hewhothen去掉WhichAs请同学们拿出答题器进行抢答4.LinHaoisahero,whoweshouldlearn.5.ChinagotthemostgoldmedalsintheOlympics,thatmakespeopleexcited.6.IdreamofgoingtoBeijing,whichthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.whofromwhomthatwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhoweshouldlearnfrom请同学们拿出答题器进行抢答小试牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetitionHangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.whichAswhowhere/inwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhich習慣篇开心十分篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause“Doctor,”shesaidloudly,breakingintotheroom,_____therewasaman,“Iwantyoutotellwhatiswrongwithme.”Helookedatherfromheadtofoot,thensaid,“____isshowninthemirror,I'vejustthreethingstotellyou.Fillintheblankswithproperlinkwords.ThedoctorlivesdownstairswhereAsFirst,Isuggestyou,mylady,_________weightneedsreducingbynearlyfiftypounds.Second,youmayuse1/10asmuchlipstick(口红),by______youwillbeprettier.Andthird,I’manartistthedoctor,______youarelookingfor,livesdownstairs."whichwhomwhoseExercises1.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose_______liveswereaffected.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。其中those作为先行词，定语从句中缺少lives的定语，故用whose。

2.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose____aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.A.whom B.whoC.what D.which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为those，指人；定语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词who。3.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina

,heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.whereB.whichC.whatD.when【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词which。4.Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof

arefamilymembers.AthemB.thatC.whichD.whom【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为40people，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用whom。介词之后不能用that，应予以排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。5.Thechildren,______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhatB.allofwhichC.allofthemD.allofwhom【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。先判断为定语从句，先行词为children，故答案为D。6.Weliveinanagemoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.WhyB.when C.towhomD.onwhich【答案】B【解析】when引导定义从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词anage（时代）.此处的when=atwhich。7.Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem【答案】C

【解析】本题考查定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them,而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；在46个学生当中，表所属，应用of。故答案选C。8.StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_____lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.that B.whereC.which D.whose9.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_____ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which

BA

10.TheBeatles,___manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.

what

B.that

C.how

D.as

D11._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.whatB12.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.heC13.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.itB14.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,____appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhichD15.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_____arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthatB16.TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.which B.what

C.that

D.whereA17.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.

A.it

B.what

C.which

D.thatC18.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,

_____weremadeofsmalldiamonds.

A.thehandsofwhom

B.whomthehandsof

C.whichthehandsof

D.thehandsofwhichD19.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_______NewYorkisanexample.

A.forwhichB.inwhich

C.ofwhich

D.fromwhichC20.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______

sheboughtamonthago.

A.whom

B.where

C.that

D.which21.I’llgiveyouyourfriend’shomeaddress,____Icanbereachedmostevenings.A.whichB.whenC.whomD.whereDD22.TheywillflytoWashington,____theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.where B.thereC.which D.when23.Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily,______theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.thatAB24.Shewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what25.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

26.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom27.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

28.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem29.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大楼)_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhichA

B

30.Mr.Wangisaboss,______factoryLiPingworked.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhomD.ofwhich31.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.AllA,B,andCA

D

32.Ishallneverforgettheyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,______hasagoodeffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who33._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year