人教版高一下学期英语(必修3)《Unit4 Space Exploration》单元测试卷及答案

第第页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页人教版高一下学期英语(必修3)《Unit4SpaceExploration》单元测试卷及答案学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________短语1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.心理上地；精神上地→physicaladj.身体的；物理的→physicallyadv.身体上2.universen.宇宙→universaladj.普遍的;全世3.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的→intelligentlyadv.聪明地；明智地→intelligencen.智力；才智4.curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲强的；稀奇的；不寻常的→curiosityn.好奇心→curiouslyadv.好奇地5.relatevt.联系；讲述→relatedadj.相关的→relationn.关系；亲属→relationshipn.（人际）关系6.determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determinevt.决定；确定→determinationn.决定；决心7.transmitvt.&vi.(transmitted,transmitted)传输→transmissionn.传播→transmittern.发射台；传播者8.disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望；沮丧→disappiontv.使失望9.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→desirableadj.令人向往的；值得拥有的10.lackv.&n.缺少→lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的11.arguevi.&vt.论证；争辩；争论→argumentn.论证；论据；争吵12.attachvt.附上；系上；认为有重要性→attachmentn.附件；喜爱；连接→attachedadj.喜爱的；附属的13.agencyn.专门机构；代理处→agentn.代理人，代理商；经纪人14.independentadj.独立的；自立的→independentlyadv.独立地→dependentadj.依赖的；→dependentlyadv.依赖地→independencen.独立；自主→dependencen.依赖；依靠→dependv.依赖；依靠15.recyclevt.回收利用→recyclingn.回收利用→recyclableadj.可回收的16.currentadj.当前的；现在的;流行的n.水流；电流；流行→currentlyadv.目前；当前→currencyn.货币17.sufficientadj.足够的；充足的→sufficiencyn.充足→insufficientadj.不足的;不充分的;不够重要的18.globen.地球；地球仪→globaladj.全球的19.analysisn.分析复数：analyses→analysev.分析20.regularadj.定期的;经常的;正常的→regularlyadv.经常；定期地→irregularadj不规律的21.limitedadj.有限的→limitless/unlimitedadj.无限的,无尽的→limitv.限制;n.限制→limitationn.限制22.mysteryn.神秘→mysteriousadj.神秘的短语1.lookupat抬头仰望lookuptosb尊敬.../lookdownuponsb瞧不起...Lookinto调查研究lookout小心，当心2.carrysb/sthintospace将...送入太空3.findoutthesecretsoftheuniverse探寻宇宙的秘密4.besuitableenoughtosupportlife能够维持生命存在5.bedeterminedtodosth下定决心去做某事=decidetodo...dosthwithdeterminationMakeupone’smindtodo6.realiseone’sdream实现某人的梦想7.succeededindoingsth成功的做了某事managetodosth8.gointospace进入太空9.stepontothemoon踏上月球10.carryonspaceexploration 继续太空探索11.onboard 在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上12.makegreatprogress取得很大进步13.inashorttime在很短时间内14.inthehopeofdoingsth抱着……的希望15.soasto(dosth) 为了;以便=inordertodosth16.solarsystem 太阳系;类太阳系17.figureout 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白18.makeadifference(to)...起(重要)作用=playanimportantrolein.../havea...effecton...19.resultin 导致;造成resultfrom因而起20.asaresult=therefore 所以;结果(是)asaresultof因为...=becauseof21.providesthforsb 提供生活所需=providesbwithsth22.inclosing 最后=atlast=finally/eventually23.runout 用完;耗尽sbrunoutofsth24attachgreatimportanceto认为...很重要25bekeenondoingsth/bekeentodosth热衷于做...,渴望做...句式1．Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。2．Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed，butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。3．Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.尽管有许多困难，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。4．Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起，否则所有的东西都会漂走。5．Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。教材话题题型综合训练词性转换（一）1．other（其他的）+wise（按……某种方式）→adv.否则；另外2．helicopteristn.直升机驾驶员→n.[航]直升飞机3．mid（中间的；中央的）+night（夜晚）→n.午夜4．threatenvt.威胁；恐吓→n.威胁，恐吓5．propertylessadj.无财产的→n.性质，性能；财产6．sufficientadj.足够的，充足的→adv.足够地，充足地7．shelteryadj.庇护的，遮盖的→n.庇护；避难所8．n.样本，样品→vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查9．n.估计，估算→vt.估计，估算10．vt.造成，引起，产生（问题、危险、困难等）→n.（为画像、拍照等而摆的）姿势，姿态11．base（基础)）+line（线）→n.（医学或科学中的）基线，准线12．wide（广泛地）+spread（传播）→adj.分布广的，广泛流传的13．out（出来）+break（突破）→n.（战争）爆发；（疾病）暴发，突然发生14．under（在……下面）+line（线）→vt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线词性转换（二）15．completeadj.完全的；彻底的vt.完成，结束→n．完成，结束16．harmonyn．融洽相处，和谐→adj.(关系)和睦的，和谐的；协调的17．harmv．伤害，损害→adj.有害的→adj.无害的18．agriculturen．农业→adj.(与)农业(有关)的19．beautyn．美，美丽→adj.美丽的20．narrowadj.狭窄的，不宽的→adv.狭窄地；勉强地21．limitv．限制；限定；使限于n．界限；限定；范围→adj.有限的→n．限制，局限22．benefitn．好处，益处→adj.有益的，有利的23．pleasuren.愉快；快乐→adj.令人愉快的24．energyn．力量，活力→adj.精力充沛的词性转换（三）25．relyv.依靠→adj.可信赖的，可靠的26．emergentadj.紧急的→n.突发事件；紧急情况27．exceptionaladj.杰出的，卓越的；特别的→adv.极其，非常28．threatn.威胁；可能带来威胁的人（事）→v.威胁到，危及29．preciseadj.精确的，准确的→adv.精确地，准确地30．claimantn.原告；[贸易]索赔人；提出要求者→vt.要求；声称31．satelliticadj.卫星的→n.卫星32．billionairen.亿万富翁→n.十亿；大量词性转换（四）33．adj.健康的n.健康；健壮；适合→adj.不健康的34．v.主办；主持n.主人；东道主；节目主持人→n.女主人；女主人35．

n.运动员；运动健儿→adj.健壮的；体育运动的36．n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→adj.可敬的；值得尊敬的→adj.荣幸的37．v.决定；下定决心；确定→n.决心；决定→adj.坚定的；下定决心的38．vt.使受伤；损害→adj.受伤的；有伤的→n.伤害；损伤39．n.力量；体力→vt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强→adj.强壮的；坚强的40．vt.失败；未能(做到)；不及格→n.失败；失败的人(或事物)完成句子41．AfterShenzhenbecameaspecialeconomiczonein1980,peoplefromalloverChinawenttothecity(去寻找成功致富之路).42．(继续)walkinguntilyougettothecrossroads,andturnleft.43．(摆脱，丢弃，扔掉)thestressandworries,thegirlpracticedyogaandfoundsomeinnerpeace.44．Theirmoney(用完了),sotheyhadtomakeanefforttofindasolution.45．Themenweresoonverytiredandtheirfood(用完;耗尽).46．Weneedsomenewpeople（注入活力）thisproject.47．Thentheycanhelpshopowners(弥补销售损失)duringtheCOVID-19lockdown.48．Isthisagoodplace(搭建帐篷)?49．Whydon’tyouaskyourson(帮你搬较重的箱子)?50．I’vehadalotofchances（去北京旅游）阅读理解TheideaforChina’sspaceprogramwasputforwardin1956byQianXuesen,apioneerinChineserocketscience.Followingfullpreparation,themannedShenzhouprogrambeganin1992,andin2003,thefirstChineseastronaut,YangLiwei,tookadventureintospace.In2007,thelunarorbiterChang’e-1waslaunched,followedbytheexperimentalmannedspacestationTiangong-1in2011.In2019,Chang’e-4achievedasoftlandingonthelunarfarside,markingthefirstsuccessfulsoftlandingbyhumansinthatarea.A“soft”

landingisonewherethespacecraftlandsinacontrolledway,andgetsnodamage.Twelvehourslater,thesmallYutu-2wasletgo.TounderstandwhyChang’e-4’ssoftlandingwassuchanachievement,considerthedifficultyofanyspacemission,especiallyonetothefarsideofthemoon.Whilethefarsideofthemoonisoftencalledthedarksideofthemoon,itisnotreallydark.Themainchallengeoflandingonthemoon’sfarsideiscommunication,asthereisnodirectlineofsighttoEarth,makingradiocommunicationwithspacecrafttheretypicallyimpossible.Chineseengineersdesignedauniquesolutiontothisproblem.BeforeChang’e-4’smission,theysenttheQueqiaocommunicationssatelliteintospace.WhenengineersneededtocommunicatewithChang’e-4andYutu-2,theycouldsendradiomessagestoQueqiao.ThemessageswouldthenbesentfromthesatellitedowntotheLander.ThisallowedforcontactbetweenEarthandthefarsideofthemoon.OneofChang’e-4’sexperimentsaimedtotestaclosedecological(生态的)system,importantforspacemissions.Inthissystem,plantsproducefoodandoxygenforfruitflies,whilethefruitfliesproduceCO₂fortheplants.Thisexperimentworkedforninedays,butithadtobestoppedwhenthetemperaturesdroppedbelow-52°C．China’sspaceprogramhasachievedsignificantmilestones,fromthemannedShenzhouprogramtothesuccessfulsoftlandingofChang’e-4onthelunarfarside.TheseachievementsreflectChina’sgrowingprogressinspaceexploration.51．WhywastheChang’e-4’ssoftlandingonthelunarfarsideimportant?A．Itfoundevidenceofwateronthemoon.B．Itdiscoveredanewtypeofrockformation.C．Itestablishedaneverlastingbaseforfuturemissions.D．ItmarkedasignificantmilestoneinChina’sspaceexploration.52．HowdidChineseengineerssolvethecommunicationproblemwithChang’e-4?A．Theyusedaspecialradiowave.B．Theysetuplargeequipmentonthemoon.C．Theyusedanetworkofground-basedstations.D．Theysentacommunicationssatelliteintospace.53．Whatchallengedidtheclosedecologicalsystemexperimentface?A．Lackofsunlight. B．Equipmentfailure.C．Extremetemperatures. D．Shortageofoxygensupply.54．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoChina’sachievementsinspaceexploration?A．Positive. B．Indifferent. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful.七选五Itsoundslikesomethingfromthefieldofsciencefiction—aspaceexplorationintovastouterspace,headingtowardstheRedPlanetWhilewe’renotquitereadytoputapersononit,thequestionweasktodayis:55ThespaceracesawtheUSSR(theUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics)andUSAcompetetoachievefirstsinspaceflight.TheUSSRreleasedSputnik1,anartificialsatellite,beforeanyoneelse,56NowitappearsthatMarsisthebodyofdesire.Whiletobethefirstnationtolandonitisanobviousdraw,thereareotherreasonswhywewanttogetthere.57Youonlyhavetolookatthefossilsofthedinosaurstoseethebenefitoffindinganotherhabitableplanet.WhileMarsdoesn’thavetherightconditionstocallithomejustyet,there'salwaystheconceptofterraforming-changingtheenvironmentofaplanettosuitourneeds.However,noteveryoneagrees.LeadingastrophysicistNeildeGrasseTysonhassaidtheconceptofchanginghabitabilityofaplanetisnotalwayspractical.58Itseemsthatthemainreasonatthemomentisthesearchforalien(外星的)life.59Nowseeminglydead,thepotentialfossilscouldanswerquestionsaboutourownevolutionandthatofourplanet.Onetheoryisthatbacteriallifeonourplanetdidn'tstarthere,butwasbroughthereviaasteroidfromMars.A．andtheUSlandedonthemoonfirst.B．Instead,itmakesnosensewhenwecansimplyterraformEarthbecauseofthedamagewehavedonetoit.C．Oneofthesecouldbethesurvivalofourspecies.D．WhyaresomanycountriesinterestedingoingtoMars?E．Ithasbeenbelievedthat,atonetime,acertainformoflifedidexistinthisredplanet.F．Surelyinspiringanewgenerationtovisitthestarsisreasonableenough.G．MaylandingonMarsinspiremorepeopletobecomeinterestedinexploringspace?完形填空Awisemanwaspassingthroughacity.Whilehewaswalking,he60acoinontheroad.Hepickeditup.Despitehissimplelife,hewassatisfiedandhehadnouseofthatcoin.So,heplannedtodonateit.61,throughoutthedayhedidn’tfindsuchaperson.Finally,hereachedthe62areaandspentanightthere.Nextmorning,he63andwastoldthatakingwasgoingforhisinvasionofanotherstatewithhisarmy.Whenthekingsawthewiseman,he64hisarmytostop.Hecametothewisemanandsaid,”Iamgoingtobeatanother65.Thus,mystatecanbe66.Soblessmetobevictorious.”After67,thewisemangavethecointotheking！Thekingwasconfusedwiththisbecauseheisalreadyoneoftherichestkings!He68asked,“What’sthemeaning？”Thewisemanexplained,”Ifoundthiscoinyesterdayinyour69.ButIhadnouse.SoIhad70thatIwoulddonateit.Iwalkedaroundtilltheevening,butfoundnoonetodonateitto.Everyonewaslivinga71life.Itseemedthattheyweresatisfiedwithwhattheyhad.Buttoday,thekingofthisstate,stillhasthedesireto72moreandisnotsatisfiedwithwhathealreadyhas.Ifeelyouare73thiscoin.”Thekingrealizedhis74andgaveuptheplannedwar.60．A．noticed B．lost C．spent D．dropped61．A．Thus B．Besides C．However D．Therefore62．A．dining B．waiting C．walking D．resting63．A．wokeup B．lookedup C．stayedup D．dressedup64．A．hoped B．allowed C．ordered D．advised65．A．tribe B．state C．city D．king66．A．expanded B．respected C．developed D．blamed67．A．consulting B．thinking C．chatting D．bargaining68．A．nervously B．curiously C．eagerly D．angrily69．A．city B．palace C．house D．backyard70．A．agreed B．announced C．informed D．decided71．A．happy B．hard C．convenient D．different72．A．defend B．gain C．earn D．borrow73．A．inpossessionof B．insearchof C．inneedof D．inchargeof74．A．achievement B．dream C．existence D．mistake单句语法填空75．Werecognisehim(be)ahard-workingperson.76．Istudiedallnight,only(discover)inthemorningthatIhadforgottenthattheexamwasdelayed.77．Thenexttwomovementsarefullofdesperatelowsandupliftinghighswhichperhapsreflectbothhissufferingandhisstrongwill(fight)it.78．Theyarrivedattheairport,only(find)theflighthadbeencanceledduetothesnowstorm.79．Werushedtotheairportonly(tell)thattheplanehadjusttakenoff.80．Thebuildingproject(carry)outnextyearis,Ithink,noteasytocompleteintime.81．Inhistory,Beijing2022isthefirstGames

where

allvenues(场地)arepoweredbycleanenergyandBeijingisthefirstcityintheworld(host)boththeSummerandWinterGames.82．Thebridge(build)nextyearwasdesignedbyalocalcompany.83．AlthoughLiu’sdancemoveslooksimple,theyareoftentoointenseforhisaudience(follow)．84．MoresubwaysarebeingbuiltinNanjing(make)itmoreconvenientforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.85．Afterthevictoryin2015WorldCup,LangPing(determine)toleadtheteamtotheOlympicgoldinBrazil.86．Afteraspacecraftislaunched,whatweshoulddofirstis(make)sureitgoesintherightorbit.87．You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourney(see)howfaryou’vecome.88．Hegotonboardthe(electricity)vehicleandwentdowntowntobuysomehigh-endproducts.语篇填空“Theastronaut”hadforalongtimeseemed“sacredanddistant”toGuiHaichaountiltheresearcherbecameamemberoftheAstronautCenterofChina.In2005,GuibecameastudentattheSchoolofAstronauticsunderBeihangUniversity,89(major)inspacecraftdesignandengineering.Inthefollowingyears,Guicontinuedhisstudyandgraduatedinthesummerof2014withadoctor’sdegree.Theyoungresearcherthenspenttwoyearsinapost-doctoralprogramatYorkUniversityinToronto,after90hereturnedtoBeihangtoteach.Inthespringof2018,Guiandhiscolleagues91(tell)thatChina’smannedspaceauthoritieshaddecidedtoselectthethirdbatchofastronauts.Guihasbeenafanofspace92(explore)andsometimesdreamedaboutdoinghisresearchinspace,93heimmediatelyfilledintheapplicationform.After94(round)ofphysicalchecksandprofessionaltests,Guisucceeded.Guioncetoldoneofhisfriends95(private)thatthephysicaltrainingattheastronautcenterwasintenseanddemandingandposed96hugechallengetohim.Buthedidn’tquitthetrainingandmanagedtopassalltests.Thanks97hishardwork,GuiprogressedrapidlyineverytrainingcourseandwaschosenfortheShenzhouXVImissiontobecomethefirstcivilianandscientistinthiscountry98(travel)inorbit.应用文写作假定你是李华，上周三你们学校组织观看了中国的太空授课，恰巧你的美国朋友Jim发来邮件和你讨论太空探索（spaceexploration）的话题。请你给他回封邮件，谈谈你的感受。内容包括：1.观看的方式及感受；2.太空授课的意义。注意:

1.词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,参考答案短语1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.心理上地；精神上地→physicaladj.身体的；物理的→physicallyadv.身体上2.universen.宇宙→universaladj.普遍的;全世3.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的→intelligentlyadv.聪明地；明智地→intelligencen.智力；才智4.curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲强的；稀奇的；不寻常的→curiosityn.好奇心→curiouslyadv.好奇地5.relatevt.联系；讲述→relatedadj.相关的→relationn.关系；亲属→relationshipn.（人际）关系6.determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determinevt.决定；确定→determinationn.决定；决心7.transmitvt.&vi.(transmitted,transmitted)传输→transmissionn.传播→transmittern.发射台；传播者8.disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望；沮丧→disappiontv.使失望9.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→desirableadj.令人向往的；值得拥有的10.lackv.&n.缺少→lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的11.arguevi.&vt.论证；争辩；争论→argumentn.论证；论据；争吵12.attachvt.附上；系上；认为有重要性→attachmentn.附件；喜爱；连接→attachedadj.喜爱的；附属的13.agencyn.专门机构；代理处→agentn.代理人，代理商；经纪人14.independentadj.独立的；自立的→independentlyadv.独立地→dependentadj.依赖的；→dependentlyadv.依赖地→independencen.独立；自主→dependencen.依赖；依靠→dependv.依赖；依靠15.recyclevt.回收利用→recyclingn.回收利用→recyclableadj.可回收的16.currentadj.当前的；现在的;流行的n.水流；电流；流行→currentlyadv.目前；当前→currencyn.货币17.sufficientadj.足够的；充足的→sufficiencyn.充足→insufficientadj.不足的;不充分的;不够重要的18.globen.地球；地球仪→globaladj.全球的19.analysisn.分析复数：analyses→analysev.分析20.regularadj.定期的;经常的;正常的→regularlyadv.经常；定期地→irregularadj不规律的21.limitedadj.有限的→limitless/unlimitedadj.无限的,无尽的→limitv.限制;n.限制→limitationn.限制22.mysteryn.神秘→mysteriousadj.神秘的短语1.lookupat抬头仰望lookuptosb尊敬.../lookdownuponsb瞧不起...Lookinto调查研究lookout小心，当心2.carrysb/sthintospace将...送入太空3.findoutthesecretsoftheuniverse探寻宇宙的秘密4.besuitableenoughtosupportlife能够维持生命存在5.bedeterminedtodosth下定决心去做某事=decidetodo...dosthwithdeterminationMakeupone’smindtodo6.realiseone’sdream实现某人的梦想7.succeededindoingsth成功的做了某事managetodosth8.gointospace进入太空9.stepontothemoon踏上月球10.carryonspaceexploration 继续太空探索11.onboard 在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上12.makegreatprogress取得很大进步13.inashorttime在很短时间内14.inthehopeofdoingsth抱着……的希望15.soasto(dosth) 为了;以便=inordertodosth16.solarsystem 太阳系;类太阳系17.figureout 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白18.makeadifference(to)...起(重要)作用=playanimportantrolein.../havea...effecton...19.resultin 导致;造成resultfrom因而起20.asaresult=therefore 所以;结果(是)asaresultof因为...=becauseof21.providesthforsb 提供生活所需=providesbwithsth22.inclosing 最后=atlast=finally/eventually23.runout 用完;耗尽sbrunoutofsth24attachgreatimportanceto认为...很重要25bekeenondoingsth/bekeentodosth热衷于做...,渴望做...句式1．Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。2．Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed，butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。3．Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.尽管有许多困难，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。4．Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起，否则所有的东西都会漂走。5．Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。教材话题题型综合训练词性转换（一）1．other（其他的）+wise（按……某种方式）→adv.否则；另外2．helicopteristn.直升机驾驶员→n.[航]直升飞机3．mid（中间的；中央的）+night（夜晚）→n.午夜4．threatenvt.威胁；恐吓→n.威胁，恐吓5．propertylessadj.无财产的→n.性质，性能；财产6．sufficientadj.足够的，充足的→adv.足够地，充足地7．shelteryadj.庇护的，遮盖的→n.庇护；避难所8．n.样本，样品→vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查9．n.估计，估算→vt.估计，估算10．vt.造成，引起，产生（问题、危险、困难等）→n.（为画像、拍照等而摆的）姿势，姿态11．base（基础)）+line（线）→n.（医学或科学中的）基线，准线12．wide（广泛地）+spread（传播）→adj.分布广的，广泛流传的13．out（出来）+break（突破）→n.（战争）爆发；（疾病）暴发，突然发生14．under（在……下面）+line（线）→vt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线【答案】1．otherwise2．helicopter3．midnight4．threat5．property6．sufficiently7．shelter8．sample9．estimate10．pose11．baseline12．widespread13．outbreak14．underline词性转换（二）15．completeadj.完全的；彻底的vt.完成，结束→n．完成，结束16．harmonyn．融洽相处，和谐→adj.(关系)和睦的，和谐的；协调的17．harmv．伤害，损害→adj.有害的→adj.无害的18．agriculturen．农业→adj.(与)农业(有关)的19．beautyn．美，美丽→adj.美丽的20．narrowadj.狭窄的，不宽的→adv.狭窄地；勉强地21．limitv．限制；限定；使限于n．界限；限定；范围→adj.有限的→n．限制，局限22．benefitn．好处，益处→adj.有益的，有利的23．pleasuren.愉快；快乐→adj.令人愉快的24．energyn．力量，活力→adj.精力充沛的【答案】15．completion16．harmonious17．harmfulharmless18．agricultural19．beautiful20．narrowly21．limitedlimitation22．beneficial23．pleasant24．energetic词性转换（三）25．relyv.依靠→adj.可信赖的，可靠的26．emergentadj.紧急的→n.突发事件；紧急情况27．exceptionaladj.杰出的，卓越的；特别的→adv.极其，非常28．threatn.威胁；可能带来威胁的人（事）→v.威胁到，危及29．preciseadj.精确的，准确的→adv.精确地，准确地30．claimantn.原告；[贸易]索赔人；提出要求者→vt.要求；声称31．satelliticadj.卫星的→n.卫星32．billionairen.亿万富翁→n.十亿；大量【答案】25．reliable26．emergency27．exceptionally28．threaten29．precisely30．claim31．satellite32．billion词性转换（四）33．adj.健康的n.健康；健壮；适合→adj.不健康的34．v.主办；主持n.主人；东道主；节目主持人→n.女主人；女主人35．

n.运动员；运动健儿→adj.健壮的；体育运动的36．n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→adj.可敬的；值得尊敬的→adj.荣幸的37．v.决定；下定决心；确定→n.决心；决定→adj.坚定的；下定决心的38．vt.使受伤；损害→adj.受伤的；有伤的→n.伤害；损伤39．n.力量；体力→vt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强→adj.强壮的；坚强的40．vt.失败；未能(做到)；不及格→n.失败；失败的人(或事物)【答案】33．fitfitnessunfit34．hosthostess35．athleteathletic36．honourhonourablehonoured37．determinedeterminationdetermined38．injureinjuredinjury39．strengthstrengthenstrong40．failfailure完成句子41．AfterShenzhenbecameaspecialeconomiczonein1980,peoplefromalloverChinawenttothecity(去寻找成功致富之路).【答案】toseektheirfortune【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：1980年深圳成为经济特区后，来自中国各地的人们来到这个城市寻找财富。表示“寻找成功致富之路”用固定搭配seekone’sfortune，其中seek表示“寻找”，fortune表示“财富”，根据主语people可知，用their“他们的”，作定语，修饰fortune。本句谓语为went，此处为非谓语动词，用seek的不定式，作目的状语。故填toseektheirfortune。42．(继续)walkinguntilyougettothecrossroads,andturnleft.【答案】Carryon【详解】考查祈使句与固定短语。句意：继续走到十字路口，然后向左拐。根据汉语提示可知，此处需要填入表示“继续”的短语。carryon意为“继续”；根据后句的and可知，此处为省略主语you的祈使句，应用动词原形形式置于句首。故填Carryon。43．(摆脱，丢弃，扔掉)thestressandworries,thegirlpracticedyogaandfoundsomeinnerpeace.【答案】Togetridof【详解】考查固定短语。句意：为了摆脱压力和担忧，女孩练习瑜伽，找到了内心的平静。根据汉语提示“摆脱，丢弃，扔掉”可知，此处使用固定短语getridof，本句谓语为practiced和found，此处为非谓语动词，应用不定式，作目的状语。故填Togetridof。44．Theirmoney(用完了),sotheyhadtomakeanefforttofindasolution.【答案】ranout【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他们的钱用完了，所以他们不得不努力寻找解决办法。根据提示的汉语，表示“用完了”应为runout为不及物动词短语，分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据谓语动词had可知，此处应为一般过去时，与主语之间为主动关系。故填ranout。45．Themenweresoonverytiredandtheirfood(用完;耗尽).【答案】ranout【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：这些人很快就很累了，他们的食物也用完了。根据汉语提示和设空位置可知，使用动词短语“runout”，为不及物动词短语，后无需跟宾语。and连接并列结构，前后时态保持一致，根据上一句的“were”可知，使用一般过去时。故填ranout。46．Weneedsomenewpeople（注入活力）thisproject.【答案】tobreathelifeinto【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们需要一些新人来给这个项目注入活力。表示“给……注入活力”应用短语breathelifeintosth.。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填tobreathelifeinto。47．Thentheycanhelpshopowners(弥补销售损失)duringtheCOVID-19lockdown.【答案】makeupforsaleslost【详解】考查动词短语和形容词。句意：然后，他们可以帮助店主弥补在COVID-19封锁期间损失的销售额。“弥补”用动词短语makeupfor表示，作宾语补足语，helpsb.dosth..是固定搭配，用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语；“销售损失”作宾语，用saleslost表示，其中形容词lost(失去的)作后置定语。故填makeupforsaleslost。48．Isthisagoodplace(搭建帐篷)?【答案】toputupatent【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是搭建帐篷的好地方吗？“搭建”使用动词短语putup，后接宾语“帐篷”atent，分析句子结构可知，句中已有be动词is，空处应作非谓语动词，使用动词不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词place。故填toputupatent。49．Whydon’tyouaskyourson(帮你搬较重的箱子)?【答案】tohelpyouwiththeheavierboxes【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：你为什么不让你儿子帮你搬那些较重的箱子呢？asksb.todosth.意为“请求某人做某事”，不定式作宾补；“帮”可表示为helpsb.withsth.，为固定搭配；“较重的”可表示为heavier；“箱子”可表示为box，为可数名词，这里应用复数形式。故填tohelpyouwiththeheavierboxes。50．I’vehadalotofchances（去北京旅游）【答案】totraveltoBeijing【详解】考查动词不定式和动词短语。句意：我有很多机会去北京旅游。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式作后置定语修饰chances，chancetodo“做某事的机会”为惯用表达，表示“去北京旅游”应为动词短语traveltoBeijing。故填totraveltoBeijing。阅读理解TheideaforChina’sspaceprogramwasputforwardin1956byQianXuesen,apioneerinChineserocketscience.Followingfullpreparation,themannedShenzhouprogrambeganin1992,andin2003,thefirstChineseastronaut,YangLiwei,tookadventureintospace.In2007,thelunarorbiterChang’e-1waslaunched,followedbytheexperimentalmannedspacestationTiangong-1in2011.In2019,Chang’e-4achievedasoftlandingonthelunarfarside,markingthefirstsuccessfulsoftlandingbyhumansinthatarea.A“soft”

landingisonewherethespacecraftlandsinacontrolledway,andgetsnodamage.Twelvehourslater,thesmallYutu-2wasletgo.TounderstandwhyChang’e-4’ssoftlandingwassuchanachievement,considerthedifficultyofanyspacemission,especiallyonetothefarsideofthemoon.Whilethefarsideofthemoonisoftencalledthedarksideofthemoon,itisnotreallydark.Themainchallengeoflandingonthemoon’sfarsideiscommunication,asthereisnodirectlineofsighttoEarth,makingradiocommunicationwithspacecrafttheretypicallyimpossible.Chineseengineersdesignedauniquesolutiontothisproblem.BeforeChang’e-4’smission,theysenttheQueqiaocommunicationssatelliteintospace.WhenengineersneededtocommunicatewithChang’e-4andYutu-2,theycouldsendradiomessagestoQueqiao.ThemessageswouldthenbesentfromthesatellitedowntotheLander.ThisallowedforcontactbetweenEarthandthefarsideofthemoon.OneofChang’e-4’sexperimentsaimedtotestaclosedecological(生态的)system,importantforspacemissions.Inthissystem,plantsproducefoodandoxygenforfruitflies,whilethefruitfliesproduceCO₂fortheplants.Thisexperimentworkedfornined