英语高考题题库

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话

仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?

A.Inaclassroom.B.Inahospital.

C.Inamuseum.

2.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?

A.Takefitnessclasses.

B.Buyapairofgymshoes.

C.Changehisworkschedule.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Whattodrink.B.Wheretomeet.

C.Whentoleave.

4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.

C.Strangers.

5.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?

A.Shemightwantaticket.

B.Sheislookingfortheman.

C.Shehasanextraticket.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个

选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听

完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?

A.10years.B.13years.

C.15years.

7.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJames*situation?

A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.

C.Disappointed.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.WhathasKate'smotherdecidedtodo?

A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.

C.Retirefromwork.

9.WhatdidKate'smotherstudyatcollege?

A.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.

C.Businessadministration.

10.WhatisKate'sattitudetowardhermother'sdecision?

A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.

C.Understanding.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Chairingameeting.

B.Hostingaradioprogram.

C.Conductingajobinterview.

12.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?

A.Herwidereading.B.Herleaders*guidance.

C.Herfriends*help.

13.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?

A.Herteacher.B.Herfather.

C.Hermother.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?

A.Helacksmotivation.B.Hehasaheartproblem.

C.Heworksallthetime.

15.WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?

A.He'sanathlete.B.He'saresearcher.

C.He'sajournalist.

16.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?

A.Toencouragetheman.

B.Torecommendanexercise.

C.Tosupportherfindings.

17.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?

A.300minutes.B.150minutes.

C.75minutes.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?

A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.

C.Theyblockedit.

19.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?

A.It*swarm.B.It'sbrown.

C.It'ssmooth.

20.Whatisthepurposeofthescientists*experiment?

A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.

B•Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.

C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.

答案：1-5BABCA6-10CBACC11-15BACAB

16-20ACBAC

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

NeedaJobThisSummer?

Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummer

jobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.

Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetools

availabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.

JobsforYouth

Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合条件）

forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.

Whoiseligible：Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities（?i|X）.

SummerCompany

SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,

000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.

Whoiseligible：Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.

StewardshipYouthRangerProgram

YoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresource

managementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.

Whoiseligible：Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31

thisyear.

SummerEmploymentOpportunities（机会）

ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearina

varietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesand

communitygroups.

Whoiseligible：Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24or

upto29forpersonswithadisability.

【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了省政府及其合作者提供的面向学生的四

则暑期工作公告。

21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?

A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.

B•Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.

C.Ilallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.

D・Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词SummerCompany可定位到第二则暑期

工作公告。浏览四则工作公告可发现，只有SummerCompany部分中提到了awards"奖励''以

及$3,000这样的字眼。由此可知，SummerCompany的特别之处在于B项“它为经营新业务

提供奖励”。

22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?

A.15-18.B.15-24.

C.15-29.D.16-17.

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词StewardshipYouthRangerProgram可定

位到第三则暑期工作公告。根据本部分中的关犍信息句“Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,

butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.n可知，这个项目的年龄要求是16岁或17岁，

且在今年12月31日前不能满18岁。故选D。

23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?

A.JobsforYouth.

B.SummerCompany.

C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.

D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词thedisabled（残疾人）可定位到最后一则

暑期工作公告中的“personswithadisability”,两者属于典型的同义词替换。这个项目对残疾

人在年龄方面给予了特别照顾。故选D。

B

ForCanaanElementary^secondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnow

it'sChrisPalaez'sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseems

likethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.

Buthe'snervous."Fmheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe

"・ld,"apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,Thomas

Whaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.”...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles.

Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitesthe

restoftheclasstopraisehim.

Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaley

recalls（回想起）howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcuse

himselftogotothebathroom.

LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreat

teacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.t4Ittakesalotforanystudent,“Whaleyexplains,^especially

forastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,4Idon*t

know,butIwanttoknow.'"

Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthe

childrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswer

brokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.

Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.

“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,"Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachild

whocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.,,

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学教师Whaley通过组织学生演讲来

帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。

24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?

A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.

C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.

解析：选Bo细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词nervous可定位到第二段第一句。根据

第一段中“...todayisspeechday,andrightnowit'sChrisPalaez'sturn.和“…heseemslikethe

kindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.“可知，今天是演讲日，现在轮到了Chris,虽然他

看起来像那种喜欢在公共场合讲话的孩子，但是他很紧张。由此可知，演讲使Chris紧张。

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles“inParagraph2referto?

A・Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.

C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.

解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段中“youshould…should..."以及“...Votefor...me...”

这样的语句特点可知，Chris的演讲不流畅，也就是说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地

方，与划线词后的句意“他完成得非常好''构成转折关系，与短语“exceptfor''相呼应。

26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley'sprojectisto

A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengths

B.assessstudents'publicspeakingskills

C.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs

D.inspirestudents*loveforpolitics

解析：选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjust

learningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（李耀）about

themselves.”可知，Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，

他还希望学生学会自夸。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的长处”，与原文意思相符。

27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?

A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.

C.Caring.D.Demanding.

解析：选C。推理判断题。文章介绍了Whaley老师通过创办“总统竞选项目“，组织学生

演讲来帮助学生增强自信；根据第二段中的“Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,

whisperingsupport."和“…Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraise「'等细节亦可看出Whaley

老师是一个关心学生的人。

长难句：Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenhe

askedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.

译文：有一天，惠利问孩子们，如果他们认为自己永远成不了总统的话就举手，于是他

想到了这个二年级的总统竞选项目。

分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when至句末是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中又含

有一个if引导的条件状语从句。

C

Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingfor

biometric（生物测量）technologies—likefingerprintscans——tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.

Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（装置）that

getsaroundthisproblem：asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence

（节奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldoffera

stronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetween

keypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople's

identities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnected

to一regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.

Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword

“touch“fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedto

recognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearchers

saythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeof

inexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

【解题导语】本文是一篇科研报道。来自佐治亚理工学院的研究人员发明了一种智能

键盘，可以通过分析用户的打字模式来判断该用户是不是安全访客。

28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?

A.Toreducepressureonkeys.

B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.

C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.

D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.

解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句"ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythatthey

havecomeupwithalow-costdevice（装置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.”以及

第一段最后一句"Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.,T可知，研究者研发这

种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。注意题干、正确选项以及原文中一些词汇

的呼应现象:develop与comeupwith是同义词；expensive与low-cost是反义词；cutthecost

与low-cost相呼应。

29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?

A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.

B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.

C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.

D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.

解析：选C。推理判断题。题干问的是“是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能“，也就是问

这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中'"Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,the

keyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities…”可知，正是因为每个人的打字模式不同，这种智能

键盘就可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客。故选C。

30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?

A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly.

B•It'llreachconsumerssoon.

C.It'llbemadeofplastics.

D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.

解析：选Bo细节理解题。根据题干“研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望”可定位到文章最

后一句"Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.”,该团队希望在不久的将来将智

能键盘推向市场。题干中的expect与原文中的hope呼应；B项中的consumers与market呼

应。故选B。

31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.

C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.

解析：选D。文章出处题。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中“Researchersfrom

GeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice…”，尤其根据其中的关键词

"researchers,low-costdevice”等推断，文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。故选

Do

长难句1:Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（节奏）withwhichonetypes

andthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.

译文：这款智能键盘可精确测量使用者的打字节奏和手指施加在每个按键上的压力。

分析：本句是一个复合句。and连接两个并列的宾语成分，名词由ecadence后是“介词+

which”引导的定语从句；名词thepressure后的定语从句省略了引导词that/whicho

长难句2:Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whether

theyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegets

thepasswordright.

译文：因此，这种键盘能够确定人们的身份，进而确定他们是否应该被授予权限使用所

连接的计算机——不管他们是否输入了正确的密码。

分析：本句是一个主从复合句。whethertheyshouldbegivenaccessto至句末是whether

引导的宾语从句,作determine的宾语;it'sconnectedto是省略了关系代词that/which的定语

从句，修饰thecomputer;whethersomeonegetsthepasswordrightwhether弓I导的宾语从句，

作介词of的宾语。

D

Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小学），Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,

whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemy

tweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutby

smokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.

Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorof

clinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories：thelikableandthestatusseekers.The

likables1plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-start

interpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere*s

thekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence：statusbornofpowerandevendishonorable

behavior.

Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein^studiesshowunpleasant

consequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedin

elementaryschool,are44mostlikelytoengage（从事）indangerousandriskybehavior”.

Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoring

theleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（调查研究）.“We

foundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.

Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthy

adjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”

Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplay

date-sharing,kindness,openness-carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateand

connectwithothers.

Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion：Notonlyis

likabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsiblefbrthoseoutcomes,too."Being

likedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfbrnewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebody

gainanadvantage,“hesaid.

【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章从社会心理学视角讨论青少年小学与中学阶段

的成长经历，论述了个体受欢迎程度这一青少年心理健康话题。

32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?

A.Unkind.B.Lonely.

C.Generous.D.Cool.

解析：选C。推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词earlyyearsofelementaryschool可定位到

第一段第一句中“Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小学），Ienjoyedsharingmydolls

andjokes,根据句意和sharing可推知，作者上小学的时候是一个慷慨大方的人。故选C。

33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theclassificationofthepopular.

B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.

C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.

D•Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.

解析：选Ao段落大意题。根据第二段主题句“MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinical

psychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.“可知，受欢迎

的人被分为两类：受人喜欢的人和追求地位的人；接着第三、四句分别描述了两类受欢迎的

人的特征。故选A。

34.WhatdidDr.Prinstein'sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?

A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.

B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.

C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.

D.Theyperformedwellacademically.

解析：选Bo推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中“Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycan

leadtohealthyadjustment”可知，Dr.Prinstein的研究发现，最讨人喜欢的孩子往往适应性强。

B项中的“adaptable”与第四段中的“adjustment”相呼应。故选B。

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.BeNice—YouWon'tFinishLast

B,TheHighertheStatus,theBetter

C.BetheBest一YouCanMakeIt

D.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness

解析：选A。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了研究发现讨人喜欢与积极的人生结果有关。

因此，对人友好，你的人生不会太差。故选A。

长难句：Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein'sstudiesshowunpleasant

consequences.

译文：尽管那些很酷的孩子可能让人羡慕，但Dr.Prinstein的研究显示了令人不快的结

果。

分析：as引导让步状语从句，从句中表语提前。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?

Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”.36.

Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareais

good.

37.Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthe

smogofcities——thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutof

doors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyour

muscles（肌肉）andyourbrain.

Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing

（治愈）.38.Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturns

outthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andput

peopleintoabettermood（情绪）.Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranches

outtheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorsky

instead.39.Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.

40.Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficial

VitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD——butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreen

rightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat*splenty

oftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.

A.Freshaircleansourlungs.

B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?

C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.

D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.

E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?

F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.

G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心

健康。

36.E0关联逻辑法解题。空前一句说我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气”

长大的；空后一句说答案是肯定的。由此判断，E项“但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样

对你有好处吗？”符合语境。

37.A«设题位置法解题。根据空后内容可知，如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的，那么空

气中就充满了维持生命的、让人充满活力的氧气。如果在户外锻炼，人的身体会学会深呼吸，

让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。所以本段主要说的是呼吸新鲜空气的好处。故选A"新鲜空气

清洁我们的肺”符合语境。

38.Go词汇锁定法解题。空后的"theseplaces”与G项中的“recoverycenters”相呼应。

故选G项“全国各地的康复中心已经开始建造康复花园''符合语境。

39.C»关联逻辑法解题。空前介绍了接近大自然、看绿色植物对病人的康复有益；空

后一句说“它给我们一种非常好的内心平和的感觉”。由此推断，设空处应表达置身于大自然

的好处。故选C项“置身于大自然使我们精神焕发”符合语境。

40.D«设题位置法解题。空后一句说，虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但

阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。这应该是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处。故选D项“呼吸新鲜空

气的另一个附带好处是阳光''符合语境，且D项中的“sunlight”与空后的"thesun'srays”相呼应。

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项。

Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.

They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.The

glaciers（冰川）aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.

Hearingthesestories,I'm44abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”

naturalexperiences.

However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46

amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.The

environmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthority

seemtobe49.

ThebestofaKilimanjaro50，inmyopinion,isn'treachingthetop.Mountainsare51

asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53go

throughfiveecosystems（生态系统）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.It

endsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,the

weather55-lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.

I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57：

gravel（砾石），stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowand

theglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.

DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruining

theatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地

机构努力治理之后环境的改观情况，旨在呼吁人们关注自然和生态，探索人与自然的和谐相

处之道。

41.A.keepB.mix

C.connectD.bring

解析：选Do根据文章首句中“Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro^^

以及下一句可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们攀登的时候带来了

（bring）大量的垃圾。

42.A.storiesB.buildings

C.crowdsD.reporters

解析：选C。根据文章首句中的“40,000people”并结合空后的“mightdamagethebeautyof

theplace”可知，此处指人群（crowds）有可能破坏了这个地方的美景。

43.A.positionB.age

C.faceD.name

解析:选C。根据上文“damagethebeautyoftheplace"和"Theglaciers（冰川）are

disappearing”可知，冰川的消失正在改变乞力马扎罗山的地貌（face）。

44.A.silentB.skeptical

C.seriousD.crazy

解析：选B。根据下文“otherdestinationsaredescribedas"purer5naturalexperiences”可知，

其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的"自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏的报道表示

怀疑(skeptical)。beskepticalabout”对表示怀疑“。

45.A.discoverB.argue

C.decideD.advocate

解析：选A。根据下文可知，不久，“我”就发现(discover),自从读到关于营地里有很多

垃圾的令人不安的报道以来，情况已经发生了很大变化。

46.A.equipmentB.grass

C.campsD.stones

解析：选Co根据下文“withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths”可知，此处指营地里(camp)

有很多垃圾。

47.A.remoteB.quiet

C.tallD.clean

解析：选D。上文提到营地里有很多垃圾的情况已经发生了很大变化，此处指“我''发现

了一座干净的(clean)山，营地和沿途都有厕所。此处旨在说明乞力马扎罗山营地的变化。

48.A.newB.special

C.significantD.necessary

解析：选C。根据上文“tonsofrubbish”可知，此处指环境的挑战是巨大的。new“新的”；

special"特别的“；significant“有重大意义的，重大的“；necessary"必要的故选C。

49.A.payingoffB.spreadingout

C.blowingupD.fadingaway

解析：选A。根据上文“withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths”可知，挑战虽大，但坦桑

尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎正在取得成效(payoff)。spreadout”伸展，散开''；blowup”爆

炸”;fadeaway“逐渐消失

50.A.atmosphereB.experience

C.experimentD.sight

解析：选Bo根据下文“reachingthetop”可知，作者认为乞力马扎罗山最好的爬山体验

(experience)并不是登顶。atmosphere"气氛"：experiment"实验"；sight”视线

51.A.studiedB.observed

C.exploredD.regarded

解析：选D。根据空后的“bymanycultures”可知，山在很多文化中被看作是(regard)灵魂

之地，beregardedas”被看作是...study"研究"；observe“观察"；explore“探索

52.A.view