2025版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Civilization阅读理解组块专练-练速度含解析重庆大学版选修7

PAGEPAGE1Unit4Civilization阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AWashington,D．C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D．C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld­famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington, D．C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington, D．C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D．C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourfor D．C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D．C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路途)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington, D．C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了华盛顿特区骑自行车旅行四条路途的相关行程及留意事项。1．Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A．CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington, D．C.B．WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C．CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington, D．C.D．WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.解析：选A细微环节理解题。依据第一条自行车旅行路途中的“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear！”可知，选择这条自行车旅行路途须要提前预订。2.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A．Meetfamouspeople.B．Gotoanationalpark.C．Visitwell­knownmuseums.D．Enjoyinterestingstories.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第三条自行车旅行路途中的“KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.”可知，在CapitalCityBikeTour中，导游会为你讲解并描述关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最好玩的故事。3．Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A．Citymaps. B．Cameras.C．Meals. D．Safetylights.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据文章最终两句“Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.”可知，在晚上进行的这项自行车旅行给游客配备了反光背心和平安灯。BIarrivedinthisbeautifulSpanishislandatthestartofSeptember,fullofenthusiasmandeagertostartworkasanEnglishteacher.Isortedallthenecessarypaperworkoutandmovedintoaflatofmyownwithinthefirstcoupleofdays.Great!OrsoIthought.At4amandatseveralintervalsafterthat,Iwasrudelyawokenbythecockthatlivesoppositeme.Fantastic!Inowhave5extraalarmseverymorning.Inthefollowingweeks,Ialsostartedtonoticeatrend.Thingsinmyflatstartedtobreakattherateofoneobjectperday,likethehotwater,bowls,cups,shower,doorsorglassshelves.Yes,Iamclumsybutthingsjustfellapart.Ifitwasn’tbroken,itwouldeitherbedirtyormissing.Usingmywashingbasketforthefirsttimewasprettydisgusting.WhenItookoutmyclothes,theywereswiftlyfollowedbyahundredorsobugs(虫子)thatwerelivinginthebottom.Asforthegenerallackofequipmentinthehouse,therewasnooven,tinopener,sharpknivesorpotatopeeler.Itturnsoutmakingaburgerfromscratchwasn’tthebestidea.Ihaveasmallmicrowaveandagrill.IthoughtthegeneralunderstandingwasnevertoputmetalinamicrowavebutIwentwithit.Smokesoonstartedtoappear.IwasnotquitesureifitwastheburgerorthegrillbutassoonasIopenedthedoor,theelectricitycutout.Ispentthefollowing10minutesinadark,smokyroomhuntingforthepowerswitchusingthelightfrommymobilephone,whichbroketheweekafterandleftmewithoutaconnectiontotheouterworld.Luckily,I’mnowborrowingaphoneandmyluckhasreturned.Nomorethingshavebroken(probablybecausethereisnothinglefttobreak)．I’vealsorealizedthatevenifaflatlookspretty,itdoesn’tmeanitscontentswork.Iamalsolearninghowtoadapttolifewithlimited,brokenutensils(厨房用具)．语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者适应新的生活环境的过程。4．Whatproblemdidtheauthorhaveinthemorning?A．Sheoftensleptlate.B．Heralarmfailedtowork.C．Shegotsomenoisyneighbors.D．Hersleepwasdisturbedbyarooster.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“At4amandatseveralintervalsafterthat,Iwasrudelyawokenbythecockthatlivesoppositeme.”可知，一只公鸡打鸣打搅了作者睡觉。5．WhatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromParagraph2?A．Shewasaverycarefulwoman.B．Shewasquitesatisfiedwithherflat.C．Herflatwasprettyoldbutcomfortable.D．Herhouseholdarticleswereinpoorcondition.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Thingsinmyflatstartedtobreakattherateofoneobjectperday...itwouldeitherbedirtyormissing.”可知，作者的家用物品状况不佳，不是很简单坏掉就是很脏或找不到。6．Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasmakingaburger?A．Shewasseriouslyinjured.B．Shemadeaterriblemistake.C．Shebrokeherphoneaccidentally.D．Shesufferedasuddenpowerfailure.解析：选B推理推断题。依据第三段中的“Ithoughtthegeneralunderstanding...soonstartedtoappear.”可知，作者一时糊涂把金属器具放进了微波炉，导致浓烟滚滚。可见作者犯了一个严峻的错误。7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Remainingoptimistic.B．Howtochooseaniceflat.C．Learningtoliveinanewflat.D．Whylivingabroadisnoteasy.解析：选C主旨大意题。本文主要讲解并描述了作者搬进新公寓后的生活，起初很不适应，后来状况渐渐好转。CFlauberthaditthat“onewayoftoleratingexistenceistoloseoneselfinliteratureasinanunendingparty”．Itturnsoutthatreadingdoesn’tonlyhelpustotolerateexistence,butactuallylengthensit.ArecentstudybyYaleUniversityresearchers,publishedonlineinthejournalSocialScience&Medicine,concludedthat“bookreadersexperienceda20percentreductionintheriskofdeathoverthe12yearsoffollow­upcomparedtonon­readers”．ThedatawasobtainedfromthestudysponsoredbytheNationalInstituteonAging.Thestudylookedat3,635subjects,allolderthan50,whomtheresearchersdividedintothreegroups:thosewhodidn’treadbooks,thosewhoreadupto3.5hoursaweekandthosewhoreadmorethan3.5hoursaweek.Thefindingswereremarkable:onaverage,bookreaderssurvivedalmosttwoyearslongerthanthosewhodidn’tcrackopenabook.Themorethesubjectsread,thelongertheylived,butaslittleas30minutesadaywasstillbeneficialintermsofsurvival.Accountingforfactorssuchaseducationlevel,incomeandhealthstatus,thestudyfoundthatthosewhoreadmorethan3.5hoursweeklywere23percentlesslikelytodieduringthat12­yearperiod.Thosewhoreadupto3.5hours—anaverageofahalfhouraday—were17percentlesslikely.“Inotherwords,justlikeahealthydietandexercise,booksappeartopromoteasignificantsurvivaladvantage，”theauthorsconcluded.Whyorhowthat’s_the_caseremainsunclear;theresearchshowedonlyanassociationbetweenbookreadingandlongevity,notacausalrelationship.Butthefindingsarenotsosurprising.Otherrecentresearchshowedthatreadingnovelsappearstoincreasebothbrainconnectivityandsympathy.语篇解读：探讨发觉，阅读和长寿有肯定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁。8．WhydoestheauthormentionFlaubert’swordsinthefirstparagraph?A．Tostressthevalueofreading.B．Tocomparereadingwithaparty.C．Tointroducethestudyonreading.D．Tosupportthefindingsofthestudy.解析：选C推理推断题。依据第一段引用的福楼拜的名言说明读书的作用，接着其次段介绍了耶鲁高校关于读书与死亡风险之间关系的探讨。据此可以推断，引用福楼拜的名言旨在介绍对阅读的作用的探讨，故C项正确。9．Fromthetext,whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A．Nosimilarstudyonreadinghasbeencarriedout.B．Theprocessofthestudylastedmorethantenyears.C．Itshowsreaderslivetwoyearslongerthannon­readers.D．Itshowstimespentonreadingincreasesone’sloveforit.解析：选B细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终一句中的“bookreadersexperienceda20percentreductionintheriskofdeathoverthe12yearsoffollow­upcomparedtonon­readers”可知，在12年的跟踪调查中发觉，与不读书的人相比，阅读者的死亡风险降低了20%。据此可知，该项调查持续了十多年，故B项正确。10．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“that’sthecase”probablymean?A．Readingbooksenablespeopletolivelonger.B．Readingissimilartoahealthydietandexercise.C．Readingbooksiscloselyassociatedwithlongevity.D．Readingincreasesbrainconnectivityandsympathy.解析：选A词义揣测题。依据第六段中的“booksappeartopromoteasignificantsurvivaladvantage”及上文所述的探讨结论“读书可以延长寿命”和画线词的整句“Whyorhowthat’s_the_caseremainsunclear...notacausalrelationship.”可知，阅读为什么能够延长寿命，以及以什么方式延长寿命，人们仍旧不清晰。据此可知，画线词指代探讨表明的“读书可以延长寿命”，故A项正确。11．Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?A．s：//theguardian/life­and­style/family.B．s：//barnesandnoble/b/books/coming­soon.C．s：//washingtonpost/news/to­your­health.D．s：//thebookbag.co.uk/Book_Recommendations.解析：选C文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明白阅读和长寿有肯定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两年，阅读能增加大脑的功能。据此可以推断，本文属于健康话题，因此最可能摘自健康网站，故C项正确。DJohannesVermeerissuchaquietandintrospective(内省的)artistthatittookhundredsofyearsforanyonetonoticehewasagenius.AmajorVermeerexhibitionopensthismonthattheLouvreinParis,whosepermanentcollectionincludeshisgreatpaintingofawomanabsorbedinclose,visuallydemandingwork,TheLacemaker(about1669－1670)．LikeotherpaintingsbyVermeer,thisimagerepresentsmodernculture.Soattractedaretoday’sartloversbyVermeerthatitwasthoughtshockingwhenarecentsurveyfoundthat82%ofAmericanscan’tnamewhopaintedGirlwithaPearlEarring.Well,maybetheydon’tgotothemoviesmuch.Itisnottruetosayhewasforgotten—thatwouldsuggesthewasfamousinhislifetime.Hewasnot.VermeerwasonemorepainteramongthemanywhoworkedformoneyintheDutchRepublicinthe17thcentury.HewasnotastarlikeRembrandt.Heobviouslytookhimselfandhisartseriously.Hisself­referentialpaintingTheArtofPaintingprovesthat.EventhoughheworkedallhislifeinDelft,hepaintedonly35knownworksandlefthisfamilypoorwhenhediedin1675attheageof43.ItisfittingthatParisiscelebratingVermeer,becauseitwastheFrenchavant­garde(先锋派)inthe19thcenturywhosavedhimfrombeingcompletelyforgottenparehispaintingWomaninBlueReadingaLetterorTheLittleStreetwith,say,EdouardManet’sABarattheFolies­Bergère(1882)orCamillePissarro’sTheBoulevardMontmartreatNight(1897)anditiseasytoseewhytheartofVermeerfounditsnaturalaudienceinParisianbohemia.AlltheseartistsarelikelytohaveknownaboutandadmiredVermeerduetotheeffortsofthecriticThoré­Bürger,aveteranofthe1848Revolution.Vermeer’srediscoveryispartofthehistoryofmodernFrenchart.Vermeerisnotonlyagreatartist.Heisagreatmodernartist.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了闻名画家JohannesVermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。12．HowmanypaintingsproducedbyVermeerarementionedinthetext?A．Four. B．Five.C．Six. D．Seven.解析：选B细微环节理解题。通读全文可知，本文共提及Vermeer的五幅画作，包括其次段提及的“TheLacemaker”、第三段提及的“GirlwithaPearlEarring”、第四段提及的“TheArtofPainting”、第五段提及的“WomaninBlueReadingaLetter”和“TheLittleStreet”，故B项正确。13．WhatcanweknowaboutVermeerfromParagraph4?A．Hewaswell­knownwhenhewasalive.B．Hegainedagoodfortuneforhisfamily.C．Hedidn’twitnessthepopularityofhisworks.D．Heconsideredpaintingasawaytohavefun.解析：选C推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“EventhoughheworkedallhislifeinDelft...diedin1675attheageof43.”可知，尽管他终身在代尔夫特工作，但是直到他在43岁去世时仅留下了35件被人们所知的作品，他是在贫困中离世的；结合第一段的内容可知，人们在数百年后才发觉他的艺术价值；据此可以推断，他没能看到他的作品受欢迎，故C项正确。14．WhomadeagreatcontributiontointroducingVermeertootherartists?A．Rembrandt. B．Hisfamily.C．Americanartlovers. D．Thoré­Bürger.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第六段“Alltheseartistsarelikelyto...veteranofthe1848Revolution.”可知，由于评论家Thoré­Bürger的努力，Vermeer才被这些艺术家认可，故D项正确。15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．RediscoveryofVermeerB．AnecdotesaboutVermeerC．GreatModernFrenchArtD．TheToughWaytoSuccessinArt解析：选A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了画家JohannesVermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。JohannesVermeer在世时，画作并不为人所知，在贫困中死去；数百年后人们才发觉他是个艺术天才。故A项最适合作本文的标题。Ⅱ.阅读七选五SomeoneintheU．S.isdiagnosed(诊断)withbloodcancereverythreeminutes.Andalthoughaboutthreeintenbloodcancerpatientscanfindamatchingdonorintheirfamilies,70percentofpatientsdependonastrangertostepin.ThatwasenoughformetoknowIwantedtohelp.IregisteredonlinewithDeleteBloodCancer.__1__FouryearslaterIgotane­mailfromtheorganizationanditsaidIhadapossiblematch.Tomakesureallsystemswereago,Ihadacoupleofextrabloodtests.Ineededtodonatebonemarrow(骨髓)．__2__Andmybone­marrowrecipientwasalittlegirl.Fourmonthslater,donationdayarrived.At9a．m.,theprocedurestarted.Bynoon,Iwasalreadyonmywayhomefromthehospital.__3__Mybutt(臀部)wassore,likeIhadbruisedmytailboneorsomething.Thedoctorssaidthepainisworsethemoresedentary(久坐的)youare,soIwalkedaroundmyLongIslandneighborhoodseveralhoursaftertheprocedure.__4__Thediscomfortwassecondarytotheemotionalhighofhel