高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson 1 To Clone or Not to Clone 同步练习 (三)

UNIT9HUMANBIOLOGYSectionATOPICTALK&LESSON1Ⅰ.单词拼写1.AteamfromtheUKwerethefirsttosuccessfully(克隆)ananimal.

2.Iwasalsointhedesert,where,forthefirsttime,Irodea(骆驼).

3.It’seasytotella(山羊)fromasheep.

4.Thepolicethinkthevideotapemayholdsomevital(线索)totheidentityofthekiller.

5.Manypatientsarenotgettingthemedical(治疗)theyneed.

6.Youhavealreadymadegreatprogressinyour(生物).

7.(哺乳动物)areanimalssuchasdogs,lions,andwhales.

8.Shehadtofacethefactthatherlifehadchanged(永远).

9.Itsaysthatbetter(生殖的)healthcanreducepovertyandbuildeconomicgrowth.

10.Laughterisoneofthemostinfectiousexpressionsof(情感).

Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.The(edit)ofthemagazineisasmartyoungman.

2.Mostpeoplelookbetterunder(artificially)lightthaninbrightsunlight.

3.The(twin)wereseparatedatbirthandbroughtupinentirelydifferentenvironments.

4.Itisdifficulttomakea(compare)withherpreviousbook,becausetheyarecompletelydifferent.

5.Whilethetwoareonlydaysapartinagetheyseemtobelongto(whole)differentgenerations.

6.You’vedonesomuchwork,soweallbelieveyou’rebound(pass)theexam.

7.Theyagreedtogo(mere)becausetheyweregettingpaidforit.

8.Everydaythenewspaperstellstoriesofchildrenworldwidewhoare(abuse).

9.It’sblessingthatnobodywasinthehouseatthetime.

10.Wecaninferhisexpressionthatheisfrustrated.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.班上每个同学都有能力通过这次考试。Everystudentintheclasspassingtheexam.

2.他们一直在讨论如何突破食品安全技术壁垒。Theyhavebeendiscussingabouthowtooffoodsafety.

3.你能临摹出一幅与这幅画一模一样的画吗?Canyouofthispicture?

4.和世界上其他地方的人相比,他们生活得相当好。Theywerelivingratherwell,peopleelsewhereintheworld.

5.如果你努力工作,你一定会成功。Ifyouworkhard,youshould.

6.明天他是否参加那个舞会,没有人知道。hewilltakepartintheballornot.

Ⅳ.阅读理解AWithrapidadvancesinmedicalscience,cloningisslowlybutsurelylookinglikeitcouldbeinournearfuture.However,isitreallyanoptionthatshouldbeconsideredasawaytoextendhumanlife?Reproductivecloningmayhelphumanfamiliesgainchildren,butthere’salsoabenefitfortheanimalworld.Itbringshopetopeopleeagerforchildrenbutunabletohavetheirownoradopt.Itcanalsobringabouttherecreationofspeciesthathavelongsincedied,allowingscientiststofullystudythespeciesasalivingcreatureinsteadofsimplylookingatimagesorbones.Manybelievethatcloningcanbeusedtoreplacefailingorgans.Thiswillreducethewaitinglistfororgandonationsandallowmorepeopletobesaved.Notonlythat,butbecausetheorganis,infact,yourownorgan,therewouldbelesschanceofrejection.Cloningcouldprovehelpfulingeneticresearch.Usingcloningtechnologies,geneticresearcherswouldhaveabetterunderstandingofthecompositionofgenesandtheeffectsofgeneticconstituents(成分)onhumancharacters.There’salsothepossibilityofchanginggeneticconstituentsinclonedhumans,andcloningcouldhelpfightgeneticdiseases.Whilethecloningofbodyorganscanhelpextendhumanlife,itcouldalsocausealotofmalpractice(玩忽职守).Alongwiththeabilitytoclonedesiredcharacters,therecouldbethepossibilityofpeopledeliberatelyreproducingundesiredcharacters.Thiscouldleadtoariseinmalpracticeswithinsociety.Cloninginvolvesaprocessofcreatingidenticalgenes.Assuch,therewouldbealackofdiversityinhumankind.Scientistsbelievethislackofdiversitywilllowerthehumanrace’sabilitytoadapt.Whateveryourviewoncloningmaybe,studiesshowthattheclonewouldinfactnotbecompletelyidenticaltotheoriginaljustastwinsarenotcompletelyidentical.Thoughtheymightlookalike,twinshavedifferentpersonalitiesandenjoydifferentthings.Thesamecouldbesaidofclones.Eveniftechnologywerecreatedinwhichyourmemoriesandthoughtscouldbetransmitted(传送)totheclone,yourclonewouldstillbeadifferentperson.1.Whatgoodmightreproductivecloningbring?A.Itmayhelpimprovehumanwell-being.B.Itcouldcontributetotherisingbirthrate.C.Itcouldhelpanimalssurvivedeadlydiseases.D.Itmayenablescientiststobetterstudyextinctspecies.2.Accordingtothetext,cloningcanalsobeusedfor.

A.organtransplantB.solvingtheagingproblemC.infectiousdiseasetreatmentD.constructingagenedatabase3.What’soneproblemcloningmaycause?A.Greatdiversity.B.Individualsecurityrisk.C.Increasedimproperconduct.D.Seriouspersonalitydisorder.4.Whyaretwinsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tostresstwins’similarities.B.Toshowtwinsarequitecommon.C.Tocarryoutdeeperresearchontwins.D.Tobetterillustratewhataclonewillbelike.BWhenBarbraStreisandsaidthatshe’dhadherdogclonedfor$50,000,manypeoplelearnedforthefirsttimethatcopyingpetsandotheranimalswasarealbusiness.Thestorythatgavepeoplecauseforconcern,though,cameoutafewdayslater.ItwasaboutMonniMust,aMichiganphotographerwhopaidtohaveBillyBeancloned,aLabradorthathadbelongedtoheroldestdaughter,Miya.Miyadied10yearsearlier.ToMust,cloningtheelderlydogwasawaytokeepherdaughter’smemoryalive.Alarmbellswentoffinmyhead.Mustwasn’tjustcloningapet.Shewastryingtopreservealostchild.Itseemedawfullyclosetoarealhumancloningscenario,oneinwhichaheartbrokenparenttriestoreplaceasonordaughterwhodiesearly.IshotaquestionatJoseCibelli,ananimalcloningscientistatMichiganStateUniversity:Isittimetoworryabouthumancloningagain?Cibelliquicklyemailedback:“Yes.”ImetCibelli15yearsago,whenIwasamongagroupofjournalistscoveringcloningnonstop.Backthen,itseemedpossiblethatsomeonemighttrytocopyahumanbeingatanymoment.TherewasanItaliandoctornamedAntinoriwhosaidhewastrying.Buthumancloningneverhappened.Thereasonisclear.Inmanyanimals,onlyonein100clonedembryoseverleadstoalivebirth.Ofthosethatareborn,afewsufferfromabnormalities(畸形)andquicklydie.Creatingahumancloneisn’tonlyaquestionoftechnology.You’dalsoneedareasontodoit,expertswillingtohelp,andsomeonetofunditall.IfinallyaskedMustifshewouldhaveMiyaclonedifshe’dhadthechance.Shesaidit’snotaquestionshehasananswerto.“Whenyouhaveachildwhodies,youarenotinaplacetomakearational(理智的)decision,”shesays.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelafterknowingMust’sstory?A.Hefeltrelieved.B.Hewasworried.C.Hetookpityonher.D.Hesecretlyadmiredher.6.Whatdoweknowabouthumancloning15yearsago?A.Itreceivedthepublic’sattention.B.ItwassupportedbyJoseCibelli.C.Itwasseldomcoveredbyreporters.D.ItwasfirsttriedbyanItaliandoctor.7.WhatdoesParagraph6mainlyfocuson?A.Whyclonedembryosaredifficulttopreserve.B.Howthetechnologyofcloningisdeveloped.C.Whyhumancloningischallenging.D.Howanimalsarecloned.8.WhatisMust’sattitudetowardcloningherdeaddaughter?A.Shehasnoidea.B.Sheisuninterested.C.Shethinksitisirrational.D.Sheislookingforwardtoit.Ⅴ.七选五FutureFootballStarsFootballacademiesweresetupbyleadingfootballclubssotheircoachescouldruntrialstodiscoverandtraintalentedboysfromasyoungaseightaspotentialplayersfortheirfirstteam.ThismeansthatinBritainthereareatleast9,000boysatanyonetimeattendingacademiesafterschoolwhothinktheyaregoingtobeafamousfootballer.1Oneeight-year-oldwasselectedforChelseaAcademyandhewentfrombeingtopofhisclassatschooltobeingtheboywhowasmessingaroundattheback.Hismotheraskedhimwhyhewasn’ttryinghardatschoolanymore.Hisreplywasthathewasgoingtobeafootballerandberich,sohedidn’tneedto.Intheend,heonlylastedayearintheacademy.2Andhewasn’tsodiscouragedthatheneverplayedfootballagain.

3Anysportwhereonlyafewcangettothetophasmanytalentedfailures.Thesepeopleareverygoodanddotheirbestbutfinallyitwillnotpayoffbecausetheyarejustnotoutstandingenough.Infootball,thiseffectisbigbecausethenumberofplayerschosenbyacademiesissohuge.4

Thisdoesn’tputoffalltheboyswhoarespottedbythebigfootballclubsandaredesperatetojointheacademies.5Theygettoplayasmuchfootballaspossible.Theskillsbecomepartofthem,astheyarewithprofessionalplayers,sotheyareautomaticandtheboysdon’thavetothinkaboutthemwhenthey’reonthefootballfield.

A.Unfortunately,formostthisisn’tthecase.B.Thebenefitsarestillthereforthemofcourse.C.Allthebigfootballclubshaveafootballacademy.D.But,luckilyforhim,hewasstillyoungenoughtogetoverit.E.Butfootballisnotalonewhenitcomestothiskindofthing.F.Mostofthesewon’tgetintoateamandmostwon’tbecomeprofessionals.G.Andfootballersaremuchmorelikelytogetinjuredwhentheyplaygames.Ⅵ.语法填空Thedodoisthemostfamousofallthecreatures1.(become)extinctinrecenthistory.TheremainsofthedodoatOxfordareoneofthegreatesttreasuresofitsmuseum.

Thedodo2.(discover)byEuropeansin1507.Itwasaflightlessbird3.livedontheislandofMauritiusintheIndianOcean.Althoughthedodoswereeasy4.(catch),theirmeatwasnotthattasty;theirrapiddecreasewasprobablyduelesstohunting,andmoretothefact5.thedogs,cats,ratsandpigs,6.(introduce)toMauritius,destroyedthedodos’eggsandhabitat.By1680thebirdwasextinct.

Thedodoswereacuriosity,andsomewerebroughttoEuropeby7.(wealth)collectorslikeJohnTradescant.His8.(collect)werelaterbroughttoOxford,wherenowonlythedriedheadandfootremain.Althoughsmallinamount,thesespecimens(标本)representthemostcompleteremainsofasingledodo,andare9.greatvaluetoscientiststoday.

DNAresearchhasshownthedodois10.(close)relatedtopigeonsandhasfinallysolvedthequestionofthedodo’sancestors;withouttheOxfordspecimensthiswouldhavebeenimpossible.答案Ⅰ.1.clone2.camel3.goat4.clues5.treatment6.biology7.Mammals8.forever9.reproductive10.emotionⅡ.1.parison5.wholly6.topass7.merely8.abused9.a10.fromⅢ.1.iscapableof2.breakthetechnicalbarrier3.makeanexactcopy4.incomparisonwith5.beboundtosucceed6.ItisunknownwhetherⅣ.本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了克隆的优缺点。1.D细节理解题。由第二段中的“Itcanalsobringabouttherecreationofspeciesthathavelongsincedied,allowingscientiststofullystudythespeciesasalivingcreatureinsteadofsimplylookingatimagesorbones.”可知,生殖性克隆使得再创造已经灭绝的物种成为可能,能够让科学家充分研究一个生物物种,而不是仅仅观察这些灭绝物种的图片和骨骼。故选D项。2.A细节理解题。由第三段中的“cloningcanbeusedtoreplacefailingorgans”可知,克隆可以用于替换衰竭的器官,故可用于器官移植。3.C细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“itcouldalsocausealotofmalpractice”和“therecouldbethepossibilityofpeopledeliberatelyreproducingundesiredcharacters.Thiscouldleadtoariseinmalpracticeswithinsociety”可知,克隆也会导致社会中的不端行为增加。4.D推理判断题。由最后一段中的“studiesshowthattheclonewouldinfactnotbecompletelyidenticaltotheoriginaljustastwinsarenotcompletelyidentical.”可知,克隆体与母体并不是完全相同的;作者提到双胞胎是为了说明克隆体与母体的差别。本文是议论文。文章讨论了克隆技术以及克隆人的问题。5.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thestorythatgavepeoplecauseforconcern”及第三段中的“Alarmbellswentoffinmyhead.”和第四段中的“Isittimetoworryabouthumancloningagain”可知,Must克隆逝世女儿的宠物狗一事让作者感到非常担忧。6.A推理判断题。根据第五段中的“ImetCibelli15yearsago,whenIwasamongagroupofjournalistscoveringcloningnonstop...copyahumanbeingatanymoment.”可推断,当时克隆人的想法受到了人们的广泛关注。7.C段落大意题。根据第六段中的“Inmanyanimals,onlyonein100clonedembryoseverleadstoalivebirth...andquicklydie.”可知,克隆过程中能最后成活的个体极少。由此可见,该段主要介绍了克隆人类所面临的各种困难及挑战。8.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Shesaidit’snotaquestionshehasananswerto.”可知,Must对是否会克隆自己女儿的问题并没有明确的答案。Ⅴ.本文是说明文。许多孩子梦想着进入足球学院并成为明日之星,但是现实与梦想之间往往差距很大,能成为职业球员的只是凤毛麟角。1.A根据上文中的“ThismeansthatinBritainthereareatleast9,000boys...aregoingtobeafamousfootballer.”及下文中的“Oneeight-year-oldwasselectedforChelseaAcademy...heonlylastedayearintheacademy.”可知,英国随时都会有至少9000名男孩参加足球