Unit6 词汇精讲课堂

词汇课堂Awordisamicrocosmofhumanconsciousness.—Vygotsky教材版本：新外研册别单元：选择性必修二Unit6commit重难点词搭配义consistappreciate英语释义一词多义英语释义用法和搭配react一词多义英语释义一词多义分词形容词advance&advancedestimate一词多义act

词族expose&exposure“过而不改，是谓过矣”，这句孔子的名言出自《论语·卫灵公》，意思是：有过错却不加以改正，这才是真正的过错！commitcommitv

vt

犯（错误、罪行等）to

dosthwrongorillegal：commitmurder/acrime/amistakeSmokingiscommittingsuicideslowly.

vi&vt（使）承担义务；（使）作出保证tomakeadefiniteagreementorpromisetodosth：Theworldhasalreadycommittedtoestablishing

aClimateAdaptationFund.

2008上海改Atalentedscientistwellknownforhiscommitmenttohiscountry,HuangDaniancommittedhimselftohisresearchingeophysics.SMOKINGKILLS

vt投入tospendmoneyortimeonsth/sb：commitsthto(doing)sth:commitanhourtoreadingthenewspaperseverymorning【词汇拓展】►committedadj

尽心尽力的；坚定的：acommittedmemberoftheteamHelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwascommittedtopracticingit.2017江苏estimate

theareaestimatethepositionestimatethedistance看图猜词

estimatevt

[常用于被动语态]估计；估算；估价：①estimatesth(atsth):Theyestimatethecosttorepairat$800.2016天津改②beestimatedtobe/have:Thetreeisestimatedtobeatleast700yearsold.③estimate/itisestimated+(that)从句：Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudentsarearound$8,450ayear.2013湖南Itisestimatedthat80%ofallconversationinEnglishissmalltalk.estimaten[C]估计；估算；估价：aconservative/roughestimateappreciate词源解读appreciate由ap-(to)+-preci-(price)+-i-+-ate组成，其词源义为“出价（tosetapriceto）”。只有理解（understand）了商品的价值才会愿意出价购买该商品。appreciatevt[不用于进行时]

基本义：tounderstandsth

理解；明白

tounderstandthatsthistrue(realize)：appreciatethesignificance/valueofsthappreciate+that/wh-从句：Wedidn’tappreciatethathewasseriouslyill.IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatmyparentshaddoneforme.2010北京改

欣赏；赏识tounderstandhowgoodorusefulsborsthis:Ireallyappreciateyourhandwriting.Histalentsaren’tappreciatedbyhisboss,whichmakeshimdepressed.

感激；感谢tobegratefulforsth：①

appreciate(sb)doingsth:Ireallyappreciateworkingwithsomeonewhodoessuchagoodjob.Wewouldappreciateyoulettingusknowofanyproblem.②

I’dappreciateitif…:I’dappreciateitifyoucouldgivemetheopportunity.欣赏；赏识感激；感谢欣赏；赏识；鉴赏appreciateappreciationappreciate+tion（名词后缀）→appreciation，由此可知，appreciation与appreciate的释义息息相关，可以联系起来记忆。拓展appreciation感激；感谢理解；明白理解；认识程度递进appreciationR1n[U]词汇拓展1.Chineseartshavewontheappreciation

ofalotofpeopleoutsideChina.2.Pleaseacceptthisgift

inappreciationof

allyou’vedoneforus.3.Iwouldliketoexpressmyappreciationandthankstoyouall.4.Shehadnoappreciationof

thedifficultieswewerefacing.react词源解读react:re-

(相反)+act

(行动)→向相反的方向行动→对……作出反应react

意为“对……作出反应”、“产生不良反应”时，同介词

to

搭配；意为“起（化学反应）”时，同介词

with

搭配。react

vi

（对……）作出反应

(respond)：Howdidthestudentsreactto

themonitor’ssuggestion?

产生不良反应：Somepeoplereactbadlytocertainfood.

起（化学）反应：Itshowsushowironreactswith

airandwithwater.react语义网络图（对……）作出反应react（基本义）对食物等有不良“反应”物质等发生化学“反应”起（化学）反应产生不良反应14reactionn[U]&[C]反应；作用：

【词汇拓展】sb’sfirst/immediatereactionthepublic

reactiontothenewsthereactionofmetalswithoxygen15act同族词activeactionactively

interactreactreaction

activist

activity

actress

actor

act

演员（男）演员（女）-ive:有……倾向的；有……性质的-ly:以……方式inter-:在……之间，相互-tion:……的行为/状态/结果re-:再；重新-tion:……的行为/状态/结果-ist:……专业人员；……专家；从事……的人-ty:……的状态；……的特性Hewhodoesnotadvancefallsbackward.不进则退。advance&advanced

vi（尤指士兵）前进；向前移动：Thearmyadvancedacrosstheplain.

vt&vi（使）进展；（使）进步：Wehaveadvancedgreatly/significantly/considerablyinourknowledgeoftheuniverse.Thisresearchhasdonemuchtoadvanceourunderstandingoflanguagelearning.advance

■

v

advance词源义：前进→基本义：前进

vt&vi（时间）提前；（价格）上涨；预支（钱）：ThedateofthemeetingwasadvancedfromJuly10toJuly1.Wearewillingtoadvancethemoneytoyou.

vt

促进；推动

(further)：Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareer.2020山东

vt［正式用语］提出：advanceanidea/atheory/aplan■

n

[U]前进

[C]进步；进展：makegreatadvancestechnological/scientific/medicaladvances

[C][常用单数]预付款：paysba$500advanceinadvance(of)提前（于……）；预先（于……）；超前于：Thankyouinadvance.2013全国书面表达Whenstudentsweretoldmyruleinadvanceoftheclass,someofthemwerenothappy.2011

北京对应动词释义记忆名词释义位置“前进”科技、知识等“前进”时间“前进”价格“前进”支付“前进”（尤指士兵）前进；向前移动（使）进展；（使）进步（时间）提前（价格）上涨预支（钱）advance语义网络图前进advance

（基本义）advanced

adj

先进的；高级的verymodernandhighlydeveloped：

Thankstotheadvancedtechnology,weliveinanageofbetteredcommunication.

2015北京

（课程）高深的；高级的(ofacourseofstudy)atahighordifficultlevel:

OxfordAdvancedLearner’sDictionary分词形容词ShewaseducatedatPekingUniversity,afterwhichshewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.发达国家a

__________(develop)country2.发展中国家a

__________(develop)country3.落叶__________(fall)leaves4.正在落下的树叶__________(fall)leaves5.先进技术__________(advance)technology6.白开水__________(boil)water7.沸水__________(boil)water8.学识渊博的人a__________(learn)man9.受过教育的孩子an__________(educate)childdevelopedadvancedfallenfallingdevelopingboiledboilinglearned将所填的分词形容词分类：表示动作已完成：表示动作正在进行：developed,fallen,advanced,boiled,learned,educateddeveloping,falling,boilingeducated

（尤指士兵）前进；向前移动

（使）进展；（使)进步

（时间）提前；（价格）上涨；预支（钱）

前进

进步；进展

预付款vnadj预先的advancedadj先进的；高级的（课程）高深的；高等的释义归纳consist温故知新根据所给汉语，完成句子。这个小组由三个人组成。Thegroup_______________________________threepeople.ismadeupof/iscomposedofconsistsofconsistR2

vi［不用于进行时和被动语态］consistin［正式用语］在于；存在于：Happinessconsistsincontentment.Successconsistsintheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.2014福建书面表达consistof由……构成；由……组成：HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?Lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.2008辽宁书面表达改con-(=com-,together共同)+sist(tostand站立)→共同站到一起→组成词源同exist,stand。

exposevt

使暴露；使显露toshow

sththatisusuallyhidden：Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmto

one’sskin.Hesmiledsuddenly,exposingasetofamazinglywhiteteeth.词源：ex-(from,forth向前)+ponere(toput,place放置)，“把……放在前面”即其基本义为“使显露；使暴露”expose&exposure

揭露；揭发totellthetruthaboutsborsth,especially

whenitisbad：Ithreatenedtoexpose

himto

thepolice.

使面临；使处于……的作用/影响之下toputsb/sthinasituationthatcouldbedifficultordangerous：Heexposedhimselftocriticismbyfailingtocheckthefactsinthearticle.Thereportsaidthatworkershadbeenexposedtohighlevelsofradiation.

使接触；使体验togivesbthechancetoexperiencesth：Wewanttoexpose

thekidsto

asmuchartandcultureaspossible.Iamrepeatedlyexposedtothebasicwordsandlearnhowtheyareusedtoexplainobjectsandideas.2010辽宁使某人“暴露”于某事物中使暴露；使显露使某人或某物“暴露”于险境使某人或某事物坏的方面“显露”使被隐藏或遮盖的事物“暴露”expose语义网络图使暴露；使显露expose（基本义）揭露；揭发使面临；使处于…的作用/影响之下使接触；使体验

exposedadj

无遮蔽的；无保护的；易受攻击的:Walkingdeepintotheforest,wesuddenlyfeltveryexposed.exposuren[U]

暴露；揭发：Scientistsworrythatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseaperson’schancesofgettingcancer.2013

天津改

揭露；揭发：theexposureofillegaldeals

［常用单数］接触；体验【词汇拓展】随堂检测commit&committed一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Thisisamanwhohascommittedmurder.____________2.Thereareunconfirmedreportshetriedtocommitsuicide.

____________3.Thegovernmentmustcommititselftoimprovinghealthcare.

____________4.Alotofmoneyhasbeencommitted

tothisproject.____________杀人自杀承诺；保证投入二、在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Volunteersneedtobe______________(commit),patientandsensitivetoothers.(2014广东)2.TheycalledonWesternnationstocommitmoremoney_________thepoorestnations.3.Thegovernmentiscommittedto____________(achieve)equalrightsforwomen.committedtoachieving一、在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Theearthquakecauseddamagetoproperty_________(estimate)at$6million.2.At________roughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesthesizeofGreatBritain.二、根据所给汉语，完成句子。1.Toourdisappointment,onlyabout1,000finlessporpoise（中国长江江豚）

_______________________________（被估计仍然存活）atpresent.

（2013

重庆）2.____________________（据估计）thereareabout5000—7500humpbackwhalesworldwide.（2011上海）aareestimatedtobestilllivingItisestimatedthatestimateestimated一、根据句意选出appreciate的最佳释义。

vt欣赏；赏识

tounderstandhowgoodorusefulsb/sthis

vt感激；感谢

tobegratefulforsth

vt理解；明白tounderstandsth(aproblem,situation,etc.)a.Weappreciate

thatcaringforchildrenisanimportantjob. ___________

b.I’dappreciate

itifyoucouldlendmeyourdictionary.___________c.Histalentsarenotfullyappreciatedinthatcompany.___________二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.Ireallyappreciate___________(have)timetorelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.

havingappreciate2.Weunderstandthislessonbestwhenwereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.Whetheritisacheappipeoradiamondnecklace,theproperresponseis______________(appreciate).（2010

广东）三、用appreciate完成句子。1.______________________（如……我将不胜感激）myapplicationcouldgetyourapproval.（2011重庆书面表达）2.I’mnotanexpert,butI__________________________（欣赏优秀的艺术作品）.3.Eventuallyshereally__________________________________________（理解父母为她所做的一切）.appreciatedwhatherparentshaddone

appreciatefineworksofartIwouldappreciateitifforherappreciation36一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Hearinghowothersreacttothebookyouhavejustreadcreatesanaddedpleasure.（2013浙江） ____________2.Peoplecanreactbadlytocertainfoodadditives（添加剂）. ____________

3.Ironreactswith

waterandairtoproducerust（铁锈）. ____________二、给act加上适当的前缀或后缀，并用其正确形式填空。1.Hehopestotake____________tofightagainstdiseases.2.Mygrandfatherisstilllivinga(n)____________life.（2015

天津）对……作出反应对……过敏/对……产生不良反应和……发生化学反应reactactionactive373.Wemayhavedifferentopinionsinorganizingclass___________.（2015浙江）activities4.Whenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youwillcarealotmorehowthey__________.（2016全国）5.IfIfindsomeonewholookslikethesuspect（嫌疑人）,myimmediate__________willbetotellthepolice.（2010湖北）6.Thedirectorshoutedsomethingtothecameraoperatorandthenwenttospeaktothetwofamous_______________nearby.（2012全国）reactreactionactors/actresses

一、翻译下列词块。1.预先订购__________________________________________________________2.取得很大进展__________________________________________________________3.科学进步__________________________________________________________4.提前（于……）；预先（于……）__________________________________________________________advancebooking/bookinadvancemakegreatadvancesscientificadvances/advancesinscienceinadvance(of)advance&advanced二、完成句子。1.Weliveinanageof___________________________（技术飞快进步）.(n)2.Thearmy___________________________________（正向城市前进）.(v)3._________________________（我们取得了很大的进步）inourknowledgeoftheuniverse.(v)三、根据句意写出advanced的最佳释义。Thecoursehastwolevels,thebeginnersandtheadvanced.（2015湖南改) ____________________2.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeed