2022版高中英语人教版浙江专用一轮阅读七选五专练二

阅读七选五专练（二）

（限时25分钟）

A

LearningtoGiveaPepTalk（打气）

Everyonewantstobethetypeofpersonwhogivesthecriticaltalk

thatturnsaroundafriend'soutlook.However,givingagoodpeptalkisn'

teasy.1.Youneedtonotonlylistenandunderstand,butalsostress

theotherperson'sstrengths.Youalsoneedtoknowwhentostop

talking.

〃Alotofpeoplethinktheyaregivingapeptalk,buttheyarejust

sayingwhattheywouldwanttohear,〃saysStacyKaiser,apsychotherapist

（心理治疗师）inLosAngeles.

Insteadofinstantlytellingsomeonewhattodo,askhimwhatactions

hehasthoughtabouttakingandwhyhethinkstheywillbebeneficial.

“Don'tjumprightinandinsist'You*IIbefine,'HsaysKaiser.2.

Repeattheperson'sconcernsoutloud,sohefeelsheard.Then,show

yourfriendthatyoubelieveinhimandthathehaswhatittakestoget

throughthishardtime.Stresshisstrengths.

3.Youcan'tguaranteesuccess,butyoucanremindtheperson

thathehasbeenthroughatoughtimebeforeandhasgottenthroughit.

Atlast,Kaisersaysyoumustknowwhentostop."4.Don'targue

ifthepersondisagreeswithwhatyouaresaying.Instead,tellhim'Iam

sorryyouarehavingsuchahardtime,'andthenbackdown."

Kaisersayshehaslearnedtogivegoodpeptalksbygivingbadones.

Helostanumberoflovedonesduringashortperiod."Timingis

everything.wThereisatimetogiveapeptalk,andthereisatimetojust

listen.5.

A.Letyourfriendhavehismoment

B.Giveyourpeptalksandthenshutup

C.Arguingwithyourfriendmakesnosense

D.Showyourfriendthatyouunderstandwhyheissad

E.Heisn'tinterestedinwhathisbestfriendsreallyneed

F.Itrequiresanunderstandingofwhatyouraudienceneeds

G.Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatpeptalksareabouthope

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明如何给他人鼓舞士气。

1.选Fo根据下文"Youneedtonotonlylistenandunderstand,butalso

stresstheotherperson'sstrengths.Youalsoneedtoknowwhentostop

talking.〃可知空格处是说给人鼓舞士气，要了解你的听众需要什么。分

析选项可知F项（它需要了解你的听众需要什么）符合语境。

2.选Do根据空格前"Don'tjumprightinandinsist'You'llbefine,'〃以及

空格后的"Repeattheperson'sconcernsoutloud,sohefeelsheard.〃可推

断出D项〃让你的朋友知道你理解他为什么难过〃符合语境。

3.选G。根据空格后的“Youcan'tguaranteesuccess,butyoucanremind

thepersonthathehasbeenthroughatoughtimebeforeandhasgotten

throughit.〃并分析选项可知G（记住鼓舞士气的话是关于希望的，这一

点很重要）符合语境。

4.选Bo根据空格的上句"Atlast,Kaisersaysyoumustknowwhento

stop."以及下文"Don'targueifthepersondisagreeswithwhatyouare

saying.Instead,tellhim'Iamsorryyouarehavingsuchahardtime,7and

thenbackdown.〃可知B项（给人打气，适时闭嘴）与本段意义一致，且B

项中的"shutup〃与空格前的"knowwhentostop〃为同义词组，是词义复

现。

5.选Ao根据空格前的“Thereisatimetogiveapeptalk,andthereisa

timetojustlisten.〃可知A项（让你的朋友享受他的时刻）符合语境。

B

Humourisaphenomenoninfluencedbyculture.Itcanbedifficultto

determinewhataspectsformacertainsenseofhumour.Howfunny

somebodyfindsacertainincidentdependsonmanyaspectsincludingage,

personalexperience,levelofeducationandgeographicallocation.A

nation?ssenseofhumourislinkedtothehistoricaldevelopmentofthe

country.1

Butwhataboutwhenbothcountriesspeakthesamemothertongue?

Willtheythensharethesamesenseofhumourorcandifferencesstill

occur?Let,staketheexampleofBritainandAmerica.2Towhat

degreeisthistrue,ifatall?

Recentresearchprovesthattherearetwomajordifferencesbetween

BritishandAmericansenseofhumour.3However,it'snotsharedby

Americans.Forexample,ifaBritishmanlosthisnewandfavouritemobile

phoneinthetoilet,hejustsay“Welldone!That'sjustwhatIneed.〃

4Andthatkindofjokesiscallednegative（消极的）humourby

researchers.Britishmenandwomenuseitonadailybasis,whileitisnot

thecaseofAmericanhumour.WhatAmericansdon'tunderstandisthe

needtouseitsofrequently.WhenAmericansusenegativehumour,they

tendtostatethattheywere“onlykidding".

AlthoughtheBritishreallydohaveauniquesenseofhumour,quite

differenttoAmericanhumour,theycanbothappreciatetheother'ssense

ofhumour.Therefore,someshowsdescribealifestylewhichboth

AmericansandtheBritishalikecanrelateto.5

A.Britishjokestendtohaveahiddenmeaning.

B.Thushumourcan'talwaysbeconveyedinanothercountry.

C.AmericansandtheBritishoftensharethesamesenseofhumour.

D.Humourcontrarytowhatyouwanttosayisregardedastypically

British.

E.Theotherdifferenceishowfrequenttojokeaboutthedarksideoflife.

F.PeoplesayAmericansandtheBritishhardlyunderstandeachother's

jokes.

G.ComediesTheOffice(UK)andTheOffice(USA)gainpopularityonboth

countries.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英美幽默的差异。

1.选B。此空位于本段末尾，结合空前一句"Anation'ssenseofhumour

islinkedtothehistoricaldevelopmentofthecountry.”和本段第一句

“Humourisaphenomenoninfluencedbyculture.”可推次口，土匕处为,更名吉

性推论。故选B项。

2.选Fo才艮据下文〃Recentresearchprovesthattherearetwomajor

differencesbetweenBritishandAmericansenseofhumour.”可知F项〃人

们说美国人和英国人几乎不能明白对方的笑话“符合语境。

3.选D。才艮据空后的"However,it'snotsharedbyAmericans.〃可才隹知，此

空应是与英式幽默有关；再根据下文所举的一个英国男士丢手机后的

反应的例子可知，D项符合语境。

4.选E<>承接上文"Recentresearchprovesthattherearetwomajor

differencesbetweenBritishandAmericansenseofhumour."可知，山匕处

表示另外一个英美之间幽默的差异，且结合下文“Andthatkindofjokes

iscallednegativehumourbyresearchers."可推知，此空应选E项。

5.选Go承接上文“Therefore,someshowsdescribealifestylewhichboth

AmericansandtheBritishalikecanrelateto.〃可推知，空处应是举了一

个例子，对上文的观点进行进一步的说明。故选G项。

C

Fivesimplethingsthatareactuallycomplex

Theprooffor"l+l=2"isover300pageslong.

1Intheearly20thcentury,BertrandRussellwantedtoprove

thatmathematicsworked,sohedecidedtostartwiththesimplestconcept

andprove1+1=2.However,ittookthemathematicianandphilosopher

372pagesofcomplexsums.

Definingtheword"the"isreallydifficult.

Theword"the"isoneofthemostcommonwordsinEnglish.2

Forexample,whydowesay,“Ihavetheflu,"butnota\havethe

headache?〃lntheOxfordEnglishDictionary,therearealmosttwodozen

differentwaysthewordcanbeusedinasentencecorrectly.

Yawning.

Somepeoplesayweyawntokeepusalert（警觉的）bytakingin

oxygen.However,variousexperimentshaveshownthatyawningactually

coolsdownthebrain.3Asforwhyyawningiscontagious（感染性

的），nooneknowsthateither.

Leftandrighthavebeenconfusingphilosophersforyears.

Wouldyouexplaintheconceptofleftandrightintermsofyour

relativepositiontoawell-knownlandmark（地标性建筑）?4It*sa

questionthathasbeenpuzzlingphilosophersforyearsbecause,withouta

pointofreference,it'sdifficulttodefinewhatleftandrightactuallyare.

5

You'dthinkthatthereasonweenjoythingsisbecauseitfeelsgood

insomeway,butit'sonlyhalfthestory.There'safamousexperiment

wherewineexpertswerefooledintothinkingacheapbottleofwinewas

anoutstandingonejustbyswitchingthelabels.Theirenjoymentofthe

productwasn'tbasedonappreciationofwine-itwasbasedonthefact

thattheyweretolditwasgoodwine.

A.Whatyoufeelmaynotbethetruth.

B.Weenjoythingsforreasonsotherthanenjoyment.

C.Butwhatifyouweretalkingtoonewhocouldn'tsee?

D.Weallknowthatoneplusoneequalstwo,butdoyouknowwhy?

E.Infact,thereisnouniversallyagreedtheoryforwhyweactuallyyav/n.

F.Maybeyou'drefertothemoveoftheEarthorsomethingcomparably

huge.

G.Mostofushaveprobablyneverstoppedtothinkabouthowstrangea

worditactuallyis.

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了五个看似简单，但实

际上很复杂的事。

1.选Do根据段落主旨句Theprooffor/zl+l=2nisover300pageslong可

知，这一段主要讲述的是1+1=2的问题。D项符合段落主旨，且以问句

的形式引出下文关于1+1=2这个问题的具体内容。

2.选Go该段落主要讲述的是英文单词the的定义和用法。G项谈论

我们中的大多数人可能从来没有停止思考这个词到底有多奇怪。选项

中的aword指代的是段落主旨句中的〃the”,故选项符合段落主旨，且

能够引起下文，下文通过例子讲述了这个词的用法到底有多奇怪。故选

Go

3.选E。本段主要讲述的打哈欠的问题。E项中的yawn与段落主旨句

Yawning呼应，符合段落主旨，讨论的是打哈欠的问题。故选E。

4.选Co*艮据下文It'saquestionthathasbeenpuzzlingphilosophersfor

years可知，空格处应该是一个问题。C项与本段主旨一致，讨论的是

看不见的人如何区分左边和右边。

5.选Bo才艮据You/dthinkthatthereasonweenjoythingsisbecauseit

feelsgoodinsomeway,butit'sonlyhalfthestory可知，本段主要讲的

是我们到底为什么喜欢某件事物。B项符合文意。

【规律方法】

七选五的解题技巧

1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题，然后仔细阅读五个空

各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。（一名（名词）袋（代词）鼠（数词）很特殊

（特殊疑问词），连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。）

2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇

衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是

否匹配。

3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避

免干扰和分散注意力。

4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。

D

rmalwayssurprisedwhenIhearthestatisticsabouthowlittletime

kidsspendoutside.Onestudyfoundchildrenarespendinglessthanhalf

theamountoftimeoutdoorsthantheydidjust20yearsago.

1Allthatoutsidetimeisn'tjustabouthealthandexercise,

thoughthat'scertainlytrue.Severalstudiesalsohavelinkedoutsidetime

tohighertestscores,loweranxietyandaggression,morecreativityand

improvedattentionspans.2Researcherslookatthreeprimary

schoolsinSouthWalesthatadoptedanoutdoorlearningprogram,with

teachersworkingoutsidewithstudentsatleastonehouraweekandcome

tothisconclusion.

3ElizaMinnucci'skindergartenclassthereengagesinForest

Mondays,duringwhichthestudentsspendthewholedayinthewoods,

rainorshine.It'samorecurriculum-basedversionoftheLand,an

outdoorplaygroundinEngland,whichallowskidstoexperiment,build

dams,andevenbuildfiresinthewoods.

Sowhathavetheresultsbeen?Mostlypositive."Kidsareso

resourcefulouthere,"Minnuccisaid.〃4Weteachthemdiscrete（互

不相关的）skillsandfactsandtheyputthemtogetherlater.That'sagood

waytolearn,butit'snotthewaytheworldworks,"shesaid.〃5In

theplace,theyneedtothinkabouthowtobuildadamwithothersand

atthesametime,thinkaboutstayingdryandstayingwarm.

Consideringallthegoodevidencethatbeingoutsideisgreatformind

andbody—aswellastestscores—itseemslikethiskindofeducationis

anaturalnextstepforteachers.

A.Myownchil