H11联盟大联考2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题（解析版）

2025年4月高二期中联考英语1.答题前，先将自己的班级、姓名、准考证号写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和4.考试结束后，将答题卡上交。做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.Whatdidthemantakeagoodphotoof?A.Aflower.B.Abutterfly.C.Abee.2.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Watchamovie.B.EatItalianfood.C.GotoMaggie’shouse.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theweatherreport.B.Theniceapartment.C.Theconstructionprogress.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inashoppingcenter.5.Whydoesthewomanaskforarecommendation?第1页/共24页A.Forabirthdaytreat.B.Foracompanyouting.C.For第1页/共24页第2页/共24页选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。6.Whattimeisitprobablynow?A.4:40.B.5:00.C.5:10.7.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Goupstairs.B.Seeamovie.C.Buysomeclothes.8.Howdoesthewomansoundinthebeginning?A.Grateful.B.Excited.C.Curious.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodoonthe28th?A.Seeafriend.B.Holdaparty.C.Attendameeting.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Makeareservation.B.Contacthercolleague.C.Checkheremail.11.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardrentingthethirdflat?A.Supportive.B.Unconcerned.C.Negative.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Houseagentandcustomer.13.Whatisthemanmostsatisfiedwithaboutthesecondflat?A.Itsprice.B.Itssize.C.Itslocation.14.Whendoesthewomanwantthemantovolunteer?A.OnJuly6th.B.OnJuly7th.C.OnJuly12th.15.Whatcolorclotheswillvolunteerswear?A.Red.B.Blue.C.Purple.16.Whatwillvisitorsdofirstaftersigningin?A.Listentoatalk.B.Tourresidentialbuildings.C.Gotodifferentdepartments.17.Whatwillthemananswerquestionsabout?第3页/共24页A.Housingoptions.B.Moneymanagement.C.Threeweeks.18.Howlongdiditrain?A.Aweek.B.Twoweeks.C.Threeweeks.19.Whatdidtheathleticteamsdoforthefloodvictims?A.Theyraisedmoneyforthem.B.Theydonatedclothestothem.C.Theyprovidedthemwithlunch.20.Whatimpressedthespeakerdeeplyabouttheexperience?A.Thegovernment’ssupport.B.Thestudents’creativity.C.Thecollegecommunityspirit.AHesitateoverwhattobuy?Ourproducts,tailoredfordiverseneeds,aredefinitelyfavorablechoices.Stauer’sSurvivalBoxStauer’sSurvivalBoxisanear-guaranteeyou’llbeuptoanyoutdooradventure.Thestainlesssteelmultitoolofferswirecutters,knife,file,andmuchmore.Thepowerfulflashlighthasthreedifferentsettings,andthetacticalloopwatchisareliable,water-resistanttimepiece.CaliforniaresidentspleasecallregardingProposition65regulationsbeforepurchasing.HandcraftedMuranoGlassButterflyPendantHomemadeinItaly,eachpendantshowcasesvibrantcolorsthatreflectthetimelessbeautyofMuranoglassmaking.Notwopendantsarealike,makingeachpieceauniqueworkofart.Pairedwithacomplimentarysilverchain,whetherasathoughtfulgiftoraspecialtreatforyourself,thisbeautifulaccessorycapturestheessenceofItalianartistryandstyle.TheGoldRushRing:Glimmering24kgoldMeticulouslycrafted,youwillnotfindanythinglikethisinajewelrystore.Asgoldpricesskyrocket,wehavebeenabletoholdthepriceunder$100.Thisisn’tjustaring,it’sastatement,asymbolofpowerandsophistication.Notcompletelyhappywithyourpurchase?Senditbackwithin30daysforacompleterefund.TV•EARS:ABetterWaytoHearTV第4页/共24页Thepowerfulassistivedevicehashelpednumerouspeopleenjoytheirfavoriteshows,movies,andstreamingcontentwithoutdisturbingothers.VoiceClarifyingAudioworksbetterthanhearingaidsasiteliminatesbackgroundnoise,makingvoices,whispers,andaccentsunderstandable.Usepromocodeforthesame-dayshippingservice.1.WhatdoweknowaboutStauer’sSurvivalBox?A.Materialsofthetoolsetrelymerelyonstainlesssteel.B.Theproductisapplicableindiverseoutdooroccasions.C.Neithertheflashlightnorthewatchcanberuinedinwater.D.Potentialconsumershavetoreviewregulationsbeforeordering.2.WhatmakestheMuranoGlassButterflyPendantunique?A.Itstandsunparalleledinsouvenirstores.B.ItassistscustomersinadmiringItalianartistry.C.Eachpendantembodieseleganceandstyle.D.Everyhandmadeitemsetsitapartfromeachother.3.Whichproductwouldbethebestchoiceforapersonfearingawrongpurchase?A.Stauer’sSurvivalBox.B.HandcraftedButterflyPendant.C.TheGoldRushRing.D.TV•EARS.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种产品，包括Stauer的生存盒、手工穆拉诺玻璃蝴蝶吊坠、淘金热戒指和TV•EARS助听设备，说明了它们的特点和优势。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Stauer’sSurvivalBox部分中“Stauer’sSurvivalBoxisanear-guaranteeyou’llbeuptoanyoutdooradventure.(Stauer的生存盒几乎能保证你能应对任何户外冒险)”可知，该产品适用于各种户外场合。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据HandcraftedMuranoGlassButterflyPendant部分中“Notwopendantsarealike,makingeachpieceauniqueworkofart.(没有两个吊坠是一样的，这使得每一件都是独一无二的艺术品)”可知，每个手工制作的吊坠都与众不同，这让它显得独特。故选D项。【3题详解】第5页/共24页细节理解题。根据TheGoldRushRing:Glimmering24kgold部分中“Notcompletelyhappywithyourpurchase?Senditbackwithin30daysforacompleterefund.(对购买的商品不完全满意?30天内退货可全额退款)”可知，如果担心买错东西，淘金热戒指是最佳选择，因为它有不满意可退款的政策。故选C项。B“That’swhat’sgreataboutbeingawriter,”HanifKureishitoldanintervieweradecadeago.“Every10yearsyoubecomesomebodyelse.”Hewas59then,lookingbackonhisyoungerdays;inhis30s,he’dmadehismarkwiththeOscar-nominatedplayforMyBeautifulLaundrette.ThesonofanEnglishmotherandaPakistanifather,hewasadisobedientboyinthespotlight,closetoworking-classlocalsandworldlyelites(精英),unashamedofsmoking,andfunny.InspiredbyWodehouse,heconnecteddeeplywithupstartyoungreadersandwriters,eventuallyfindinghisuniquestyle.Then,attheageof68,in2022,hebecamesomebodyunimaginablydifferentafterhekeeledoverontoahardfloorinRome.Trappedinaparalyzedbodyinahospitalbed,hetweetedtwoweekslater,viahisson:“Aninsect,aheroorFrankenstein’smonster.Outofthesemixingswillcomehorrorsandamazements.EverydaywhenIspeakoutthese,Iopenwhatisleftofmybrokenbodytostopmyselffromdyinginside.”Andsuddenly,Kureishiwasbackinthespotlight.WhenIwenttovisithimtwoyearslater,hewasinhispowerchair,hismobilitylimitedtocontrollinghischairandleaningforward.Nowamixtureofmedicinehasbecomeamajorpartofhislife,ashe’staking12orsoadaytomaintainhisbodyfunctions.However,hewentcoldturkeyonnearlyeverythingelse,drivenbyanotherneed.Rightaway,hewas“madtowrite”.ThebriefanddirectnatureofTwittergavehisindividualstatementsanail-bitingtension:“Sittinghereinthisdullroom,Iwouldn’tadvisehavinganaccidentlikemine,butIwouldsaythatlyingcompletelystillandsilent,withoutmuchdistraction,iscertainlygoodforcreativity,”hetweeted.Twoweeksaftertheaccidenthissonintegratedhisdictationsintoessays,whichfinallyworkedasShattered,amemoirofKureishi’snewlife.Heiscurrentlywritingafollow-upbookanddevelopingafilmproject.“I’veneverfeltsuchastrongdesiretobeawriter,”heshared.“It’sareliefthatbeingawritermeansfullyexperiencinglifeandunderstandingtheworldaroundme.”4.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytalkabout?A.Conceptsregardingbeingagreatwriter.B.Kureishi’searlylifeexperiences.第6页/共24页C.ChangesinKureishi’syouthfultimes.D.Previousmemoriesofachievements.5.WhatbroughtHanifKureishibacktothespotlight?A.Thepublicationofhisgroundbreakingnovel.BTheparalysishesufferedafterafallinRome.C.Hisreflectionspostedonthesocialmedia.D.Hisapprovalofengaginginaninterview.6.Whichbestexplainstheunderlinedphrase“wentcoldturkeyon”inparagraph4?A.postponedgraduallyB.quittedsuddenlyC.startedenthusiasticallyD.persistedresolutely7.WhatdoesKureishiimplybysaying“lyingcompletelystill…iscertainlygoodforcreativity,”?A.Physicallimitationsdirectedhisattentiontowriting.B.Hospitalsprovidedhimwithexcellentwritingresources.C.Whatheheardinthedullroomsparkedhisinspiration.D.Socialmediadistractionsunexpectedlytriggeredhisinnovation.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作家哈尼夫·库雷希早期的生活经历、成就，以及他在罗马摔倒瘫痪后重归公众视野，重新燃起写作热情的故事。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Hewas59then,lookingbackonhisyoungerdays;inhis30s,he’dmadehismarkwiththeOscarnominatedplayforMyBeautifulLaundrette.ThesonofanEnglishmotherandaPakistanifather,hewasadisobedientboyinthespotlight,closetoworkingclasslocalsandworldlyelites,unashamedofsmoking,andfunny.InspiredbyWodehouse,heconnecteddeeplywithupstartyoungreadersandwriters,eventuallyfindinghisuniquestyle.(那时他59岁，回首自己的青春岁月；30多岁时，他凭借获得奥斯卡提名的《我美丽的洗衣店》一剧崭露头角。他的母亲是英国人，父亲是巴基斯坦人，他是聚光灯下一个不听话的男孩，与当地工人阶级和世俗精英关系密切，毫不羞愧地抽烟，而且很风趣。在沃德豪斯的启发下，他与新兴的年轻读者和作家建立了深厚的联系，最终找到了自己独特的风格)”可知，第一段主要讲述了库雷希早期的生活经历。故选B项。第7页/共24页【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Trappedinaparalyzedbodyinahospitalbed,hetweetedtwoweekslater,viahisson:‘Aninsect,aheroorFrankenstein’smonster.Outofthesemixingswillcomehorrorsandamazements.EverydaywhenIspeakoutthese,Iopenwhatisleftofmybrokenbodytostopmyselffromdyinginside.’Andsuddenly,Kureishiwasbackinthespotlight.(他瘫痪在医院的病床上，两周后，他通过儿子发推文说：“昆虫、英雄或弗兰肯斯坦的怪物。这些混合将带来恐怖和惊奇。每天当我大声说出这些时，我都会打开我破碎身体中剩下的部分，以阻止自己内心死亡。”突然间，库雷希又回到了聚光灯下)”可知，库雷希在社交媒体上发布的反思让他重新回到了聚光灯下。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“However,hewentcoldturkeyonnearlyeverythingelse,drivenbyanotherneed.Rightaway,hewas‘madtowrite’.(然而，出于另一种需求，他……几乎其他所有事情。他立刻“疯狂地想写作”)”中“nearlyeverythingelse”和后文他专注于写作的描述可推知，他突然放弃了其他事情，全身心投入写作。划线短语“wentcoldturkeyon”意思是“突然停止、放弃”，与“quittedsuddenly”同义。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中库雷希的话“Sittinghereinthisdullroom,Iwouldn’tadvisehavinganaccidentlikemine,butIwouldsaythatlyingcompletelystillandsilent,withoutmuchdistraction,iscertainlygoodforcreativity(坐在这个沉闷的房间里，我不建议遭遇像我这样的事故，但我想说，静静地躺着，没有太多干扰，肯定对创造力有好处)”可知，库雷希认为身体上的限制让他少了很多干扰，激发了更强的创造力，由此推断库雷希说“完全安静地躺着……对创造力肯定是有好处的”意思是身体上的限制使他把注意力转向了写作。故选A项。CThere’sapopularsayingthatifonlyonevoiceisallowedtoexist;thenthatonevoicemustbealie.Thisquotecouldn’tbemorerelevantnow,asmanybusinessesandplatformsareusingshadypracticestosilencenegativefeedbackandensureonlythosevoicesbenefitingthemremain.Thispracticeisso-called“artificialreviewboosting”,andhasbeeninfluencingobjectivityinreviewseversince.Itsorigindatesbacktothe20thcenturywhenbusinesseswouldhandoutfreesamplestoobtainabetterreputation.However,thepracticerisestoanewextremewiththeemergenceofe-commerceplatforms.Manyonlinebusinessesdowhateverittakestoensurehigh-ratingscores,eitherthroughgivingbonusesandrewardstocustomerswholeaveagoodrevieworthroughbotheringandthreateningthosewholeaveanegativeone.This第8页/共24页behaviorisnotonlymorallycorruptbutalsoillegal,anditisabsurdthatmanyconsumersfeeltheycan’tleavenegativefeedbackoutoffearthatbusinesseswillcausetrouble.It’sapparentthatthisproblemisgettingoutofhand,buthowcanwefixit?Regulatorinterventionwouldcertainlyhelp.Thereshouldbeatoughercrackdownonillegalpractices,ande-commerceplatformsshouldberequiredtoprotecttheprivacyoftheirusers.Nevertheless,thisisjustasmallpartofthechangesneeded,astheratingsystemasawholeneedsrestructuring.That’sbecausethissystemrewardsdishonestsellersratherthanthosesellingqualityproducts,ande-commerceplatforms,withtheirprofitsunaffected,turnablindeyetoitsfaults.Againstallodds,honestfeedbackhaspersistedandpeoplewhovoicetheirtrueopinionsstillexist,buttheyarebecomingrarer.There’sanoldsayingthatifyouputafroginboilingwater,itwillleapout,butifyoucookthefrogslowlyinwarmwater,itwon’tnoticebeingcookedalive.Weconsumersarejustlikefrogs—it’seasyforustofighttogetheragainstterribleactsrobbingourfreedom,butweoftenignorewhenthesamefreedomisgraduallytakenfromus.Therewillbenograndcoupdegrace(致命一击)thatendshonestfeedback.Companieswilljustletitfadeawayslowlybutwemustn’tallowthattohappenbecauseconsumersplayamoreimportantroleinkeepinghonestfeedback.8.Whatisthemainissuediscussedinthetext?A.Theillegalpracticesofconsumers.B.Thehistoryofe-commerceplatforms.C.Thebenefitsoffreesamplesforbusinesses.D.Thedeclineofhonestfeedbackduetoartificialreviewboosting.9.Howdobusinessesensurehigh-ratingscoresaccordingtothetext?A.Byimprovingproductquality.B.Bycooperatingwithregulators.C.Byrestructuringtheratingsystem.D.Byrewardingpositivereviewsandthreateningnegativereviewers.10.Whatdoesthefroganalogyimplyaboutconsumers?A.Theyareasadaptableasfrogsinhotwater.B.Theyareeasilyfrightenedbysuddenthreats.C.Theyfailtonoticethegraduallossoftheirfreedom.D.Theyshouldfightagainstterribleactsimmediately.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthecurrentratingsystem?第9页/共24页A.Iteffectivelypromoteshonestsellers.B.Itprioritizesdishonestsellersoverhonestones.C.Ithasbeenimprovedbye-commerceplatforms.D.Itisunaffectedbyconsumerfeedbackandproductquality.【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了电商平台通过“人工评价助推”手段操控评论，导致真实反馈逐渐消失的问题，并呼吁消费者和监管机构采取行动。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“There’sapopularsayingthatifonlyonevoiceisallowedtoexist;thenthatonevoicemustbealie.Thisquotecouldn’tbemorerelevantnow,asmanybusinessesandplatformsareusingshadypracticestosilencenegativefeedbackandensureonlythosevoicesbenefitingthemremain.(有句流行的话说，如果只允许一种声音存在，那么这种声音一定是谎言。这句话现在再合适不过了，因为许多企业和平台都在使用不正当手段来压制负面反馈，只保留那些对他们有利的声音)”和第二段中“Thisbehaviorisnotonlymorallycorruptbutalsoillegal,anditisabsurdthatmanyconsumersfeeltheycan’tleavenegativefeedbackoutoffearthatbusinesseswillcausetrouble.(这种行为不仅在道德上腐败，而且是非法的，荒谬的是许多消费者因为害怕企业会找麻烦而不敢留下负面反馈)”以及下文对“人工评价助推”现象的阐述可知，文章主要讨论的是由于“人工评价助推”导致真实反馈的减少。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Manyonlinebusinessesdowhateverittakestoensurehighratingscores,eitherthroughgivingbonusesandrewardstocustomerswholeaveagoodrevieworthroughbotheringandthreateningthosewholeaveanegativeone.(许多在线企业会不惜一切代价确保高评分，要么给留下好评的顾客发放奖金和奖励，要么骚扰和威胁留下差评的顾客)”可知，企业通过奖励好评和威胁差评者来确保高评分。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“There’sanoldsayingthatifyouputafroginboilingwater,itwillleapout,butifyoucookthefrogslowlyinwarmwater,itwon’tnoticebeingcookedalive.Weconsumersarejustlikefrogs—it’seasyforustofighttogetheragainstterribleactsrobbingourfreedom,butweoftenignorewhenthesamefreedomisgraduallytakenfromus.(有句老话说，如果你把一只青蛙放进沸水里，它会跳出来，但如果你把青蛙放在温水中慢慢煮，它不会注意到自己正在被活活煮死。我们消费者就像青蛙一样——我们很容易团结起来对第10页/共24页抗剥夺我们自由的可怕行为，但当同样的自由被逐渐剥夺时，我们往往会忽视)”可知，青蛙的类比暗示了和温水煮青蛙一样，消费者没有注意到他们的自由在逐渐丧失。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“That’sbecausethissystemrewardsdishonestsellersratherthanthosesellingqualityproducts,andecommerceplatforms,withtheirprofitsunaffected,turnablindeyetoitsfaults.(这是因为这个系统奖励的是不诚实的卖家，而不是那些销售优质产品的卖家，而且电子商务平台在利润不受影响的情况下，对其缺陷视而不见)”可知，作者认为当前的评分系统优先考虑不诚实的卖家而非诚实的卖家。故选B项。DPastresearchhasshownthatmanyaspectsofmemoryareaffectedbyageing,whereasrecognitiontasksthatrelyonwell-knowninformationarenot.Theeffectofageontheabilitytorecallmusichasalsobeeninvestigated,butSarahSauve,amusicscientistattheUniversityofLincoln,wasinterestedinexploringthiseffectinareal-worldsettingsuchasaliveconcert.InherstudypublishedinPLOSONE,shetestedhowwellagroupof90healthyadults,ranginginagefrom18to86,wereabletorecognizefamiliarandunfamiliarmusicalthemesataliveconcert.Thestudyfocusedonthreemusicpieces:EineKleineNachtmusikbyMozart,whichmostparticipantswerefamiliarwith,andtwoexperimentalpieces.Oneofthesewastonalandeasytolistento;theotherwasmoreatonal(无调)anddidn’tfollowthetypicalmelodic(旋律的)standardsofWesternclassicalmusic.Ashortmelodicphrasefromeachofthethreepieceswasplayedthreetimesatthebeginningofthatpiece,andparticipantsthenloggedwhenevertheyrecognizedthatthemeinthepiece.ThemelodicphrasefromtheEineKleineNachtmusikwasequallywellrecognizedacrossallages,withnolossofrecognitionasageincreased.Allparticipantswerelessconfidentinrecognizingthethemeintheunfamiliartonalpiece,andevenlessconfidentwiththeunfamiliaratonalpiece.Thispattern,too,didnotvarywithage.SteffenHerff,acognitive(认知的)neuroscientist,saysthereasonmusicalmemoryseemstoberesistanttoage-relatedcognitivedeclinesmightbetheemotionsthatmusicstirsinpeople,whichmakesitmorerootedinmemory.“Weknowfromgeneralmemoryresearchthat,effectively,theemotionalprocessingoperatesalittlebitlikeanimportantstamp,”hesays.Thestudycollectedlimiteddataonsomeparticipants’cognitivehealth,andsodidn’tprovidedetailedinsightsintohowcognitivedisordersaffectmemoryrecall.Butitrevealedthegreatinterestinusingmusicasamemoryaidforotherinformationinindividualswithneurogenerativeconditionssuchasdementia(痴呆).12.WhatwasthemainpurposeofSarahSauve’sstudy?第11页/共24页A.Toinvestigatememoryabilitiesbetweenyoungandoldadults.B.Totesthowageaffectsmusicrecognitioninliveconcertsettings.C.Toexploretheemotionalimpactofclassicalmusiconmemory.D.Todevelopnewtreatmentsforindividualswithcognitivedecline.13.WhatshouldparticipantsdoinSarahSauve’sexperiment?A.Differentiatethreerepresentativeworks.B.Appreciateanatonalmelodyrepeatedly.C.Exposethemselvestodiversemusicalthemes.D.Identifyspecificphrasespreviouslyencountered.14.Whymightmusicalmemoryresistage-relateddeclineaccordingtoSteffenHerff?A.Musictrainingimprovescognitiveflexibility.B.Emotionalresponsesstrengthenmemorystorage.C.Familiarclassicalmusicleaveslastingimpressions.D.Atonalmusicchallengesmemoryprocessing.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Age-RelatedMemoryLoss:TheRoleofClassicalMusicB.LiveConcertsImproveCognitiveHealthinOlderAdultsC.EmotionalMusicMemoriesResistEffectsofAgingD.NewTherapiesforDementiaUsingAtonalMusic【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了林肯大学的音乐科学家莎拉·索夫的研究，该研究测试了年龄对现场音乐会中音乐识别能力的影响，还探讨了音乐记忆抗老化的原因。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Pastresearchhasshownthatmanyaspectsofmemoryareaffectedbyageing,whereasrecognitiontasksthatrelyonwellknowninformationarenot.Theeffectofageontheabilitytorecallmusichasalsobeeninvestigated,butSarahSauve,amusicscientistattheUniversityofLincoln,wasinterestedinexploringthiseffectinarealworldsettingsuchasaliveconcert.(过去的研究表明，记忆的许多方面都会受到年龄的影响，而依赖于熟知信息的识别任务则不受影响。年龄对回忆音乐能力的影响也已被研究过，但林肯大学的音乐科学家莎拉·索夫感兴趣的是在现场音乐会这样的现实场景中探索这种影响)”可知，莎拉·索第12页/共24页夫研究的主要目的是测试年龄在现场音乐会场景中如何影响音乐识别能力。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ashortmelodicphrasefromeachofthethreepieceswasplayedthreetimesatthebeginningofthatpiece,andparticipantsthenloggedwhenevertheyrecognizedthatthemeinthepiece.(每首曲子开头都会将一段简短的旋律片段播放三次，然后参与者要记录下他们何时在曲子中认出了那个主题)”可知，参与者在莎拉·索夫的实验中要识别之前听过的特定旋律片段。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“SteffenHerff,acognitive(认知的)neuroscientist,saysthereasonmusicalmemoryseemstoberesistanttoagerelatedcognitivedeclinesmightbetheemotionsthatmusicstirsinpeople,whichmakesitmorerootedinmemory.(认知神经科学家斯特芬·赫夫说，音乐记忆似乎能抵抗与年龄相关的认知衰退，原因可能是音乐在人们心中激起的情感，这使得它在记忆中扎根更深)”可知，斯特芬·赫夫认为情感反应会加强记忆存储，所以音乐记忆能抵抗与年龄相关的衰退。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Theeffectofageontheabilitytorecallmusichasalsobeeninvestigated,butSarahSauve,amusicscientistattheUniversityofLincoln,wasinterestedinexploringthiseffectinareal-worldsettingsuchasaliveconcert.(年龄对回忆音乐能力的影响也已被研究过，但林肯大学的音乐科学家莎拉·索夫感兴趣的是在现场音乐会这样的现实场景中探索这种影响)”、第三段“ThemelodicphrasefromtheEineKleineNachtmusikwasequallywellrecognizedacrossallages,withnolossofrecognitionasageincreased.Allparticipantswerelessconfidentinrecognizingthethemeintheunfamiliartonalpiece,andevenlessconfidentwiththeunfamiliaratonalpiece.Thispattern,too,didnotvarywithage.(《小夜曲》中的旋律片段在所有年龄段的识别度都一样高，不会随着年龄的增长而降低识别能力。所有参与者对不熟悉的调性乐曲主题的识别信心较低，对不熟悉的无调性乐曲的识别信心更低。这种模式也不会因年龄而改变)”以及第四段中“SteffenHerff,acognitive(认知的)neuroscientist,saysthereasonmusicalmemoryseemstoberesistanttoagerelatedcognitivedeclinesmightbetheemotionsthatmusicstirsinpeople,whichmakesitmorerootedinmemory.(认知神经科学家斯特芬·赫夫说，音乐记忆似乎能抵抗与年龄相关的认知衰退，原因可能是音乐在人们心中激起的情感，这使得它在记忆中扎根更深)”可知，文章介绍研究证明音乐记忆似乎能抵抗与年龄相关的衰退，原因是音乐激起的情感让它在记忆中扎根更深。由此可知，C项“充满情感的音乐记忆能抵抗衰老的影响”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。第13页/共24页HowtoFinallyStickwithaFitnessHabitHaveyoucommittedtoanewhabit—exercising,let’ssay—butkeepfallingoffthewagon?Doyougiveupwhenthegoinggetstough?Youmayhavelowself-efficacy(自我效能).____16____Herearesomeofthewaysthatpsychologistssaywecanbuildself-efficacy:CongratulateyourselfforsmallwinsPastsuccessesarefuelforfuturesuccess.Thisappliestotinythingslikehabits:____17____Italsoappliestobiggerprojects.Whenyoudidabeginnerrunningprogramand“graduated”byrunninga5Krace,that’shuge.Youlearnedthatyoucanrunfartherthanyoueverthoughtyoucould.Youlearnedwhatthatfinish-lineglowofaccomplishmentreallyfeelslike.____18____WatchpeopledoingthethingyouwanttodoThesecond-bestthingtopracticeself-efficacyistoindirectlyexperienceothers’success.Forsomepeople,lookinguptoaworld-classathletecaninspiretheminthegym.____19____Whenyourbuddyhitsanewdeadliftrecord,you’llcheerforthem,right?Eventhoughyouweren’tthepersonwalkinguptothebar,you’vestillexperiencedatastethewholerollercoasterofemotionsfrombeingnervousattheattempttocelebratingthesuccess.____20____Whenyou’retryingtostayonapath,ithelpstoknowwherethatpathleads.Whatwillitlookliketomakeittoyourgoal?Trytoimaginescenarioswhereyou’retryingtodothethingandyoumomentarilycan’t.Itwillhelptothinkthemthroughaheadoftimeandplanouthowyouwillhandlethem.Then,whenthetimecomes,youwon’thesitatetoexecuteyourplan.A.SetrealisticgoalsB.Visualizesuccess(andfailure)C.Don’tskipthegymonthefirstday,orit’shardertostartthehabitlater.D.Butdon’tworry:Self-efficacyissomethingthatyoucanbuildwithpractice.E.Ifyoumanagedtomakeittothegymonce,it’saloteasiertoshowupondaytwo.F.Andyoucanharness(利用)allofthat,alloveragain,whenyoustartworkingonanewgoal.G.Forothers,itcanbehelpfultolookatsomebodywhoisclosertoyouinskilllevelorexperience.【答案】16.D17.E18.F19.G20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了培养健身习惯的方法。【16题详解】上文“Haveyoucommittedtoanewhabit—exercising,let’ssay—butkeepfallingoffthewagon?Doyou第14页/共24页giveupwhenthegoinggetstough?Youmayhavelowselfefficacy(自我效能).(你是否承诺养成一个新习惯——比如锻炼——但总是半途而废?当事情变得艰难时，你是否会放弃?你可能自我效能较低)”指出人们存在自我效能低的问题。D选项“Don’tworry:Selfefficacyissomethingthatyoucanbuildwithpractice.(别担心：自我效能是可以通过练习培养的)”与上文构成转折关系，提出虽然有自我效能低的问题，但可以通过练习来培养，引出下文介绍培养自我效能的方法，上下文语意衔接自然。故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Pastsuccessesarefuelforfuturesuccess.Thisappliestotinythingslikehabits(过去的成功是未来成功的动力。这适用于像习惯这样的小事)”强调过去小的成功对养成习惯很重要。E选项“Ifyoumanagedtomakeittothegymonce,it’saloteasiertoshowupondaytwo.(如果你成功去了一次健身房，第二天再去就容易多了)”举例说明去一次健身房这样的小成功对后续养成去健身房的习惯有帮助，符合上下文逻辑。故选E项。【18题详解】上文“Whenyoudidabeginnerrunningprogramand‘graduated’byrunninga5Krace,that’shuge.Youlearnedthatyoucanrunfartherthanyoueverthoughtyoucould.Youlearnedwhatthatfinishlineglowofaccomplishmentreallyfeelslike.(当你完成了一个初学者跑步计划，并通过跑一场5公里比赛“毕业”时，这意义重大。你知道了你能跑得比你想象的更远。你体会到了冲过终点线时那种成就感)”讲述了完成跑步计划获得的成就感。F选项“Andyoucanharness(利用)allofthat,alloveragain,whenyoustartworkingonanewgoal.(当你开始为一个新目标努力时，你可以再次利用所有这些)”说明可以把之前获得的经验和成就感运用到新目标中，与上文衔接紧密。故选F项。【19题详解】上文“Forsomepeople,lookinguptoaworldclassathletecaninspiretheminthegym.(对一些人来说，敬仰一位世界级运动员可以在健身房激励他们)”提到有些人受世界级运动员激励。G选项“Forothers,itcanbehelpfultolookatsomebodywhoisclosertoyouinskilllevelorexperience.(对另一些人来说，关注技能水平或经验与你更接近的人可能会有帮助)”与上文构成并列关系，说明另一些人可以从与自己水平接近的人那里获得激励，上下文逻辑清晰。故选G项。【20题详解】下文“Whenyou’retryingtostayonapath,ithelpstoknowwherethatpathleads.Whatwillitlookliketomakeittoyourgoal?Trytoimaginescenarioswhereyou’retryingtodothethingandyoumomentarilycan’t.Itwillhelptothinkthemthroughaheadoftimeandplanouthowyouwillhandlethem.(当你试图坚持走一条路时，知道这条路通向何方会有帮助。实现目标会是什么样子？试着想象一下你正在做某件事但暂时做不到的情景。提前第15页/共24页把这些情况想清楚并计划好如何应对会有帮助)”强调要设想成功和失败的情景。B选项“Visualizesuccess(andfailure)(设想成功(和失败))”能概括下文内容，适合作段首小标题。故选B项。AfterthefirsteraoftheTalibanin2001,Iestablishedthegynecology(妇科学)departmentinthemedicalfacultyofKabulUniversity.Atthetime,Iwasthefirstandonlyfemaleprofessor,andittookalmostadecadetobuildthedepartment,hireprofessorsand____21____textbooks.Afghanistan(阿富汗)hasoneofthehighest____22____ratesamongmothersintheworld,andItriedmybesttooffera____23____fordoctorsandmidwivestohelpsavemothers’lives.Inmydowntime,Itaughtand____24____medicineatmyownprivateclinic—I’dteachduringtheday,andvisitpatientsfrom5to11p.m.Sometimes,Iwouldhaveoperationsaftermidnight.Thesupportofmyhusbandandbothofourfamilies____25___