考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷260

考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷260

一、阅读(补全短文)(本题共10题，每题分，共

10分。)

In(hefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestionsI-5,choosethe

mostsuitableonefromthelistA-Giofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereare

Iwoextrachoices,whichdono(fitinanyoftheblanks.FortheendangeredNorth

Atlanticrightwhale,thesearctryingtimes.Theseleviathanswholiveandmigratein

watersalongtheEastCoastofNorthAmericateeterclosertothebrinkofextinctionthan

perhapsanyotherwhalespecies.Theirpopulationistiny一lessthan350—andcontinues

toshrink.[Cl]Yetforscientistsandconservationistsanxiousaboutthefuture

ofthesecreatures,raysofhopearebeginningtopierceanothenvisegloomyhorizon.

Thankstoasurgeofscientificresearchandnewtoolsforconductingit,theyexpectto

learnfarmoreaboutrightwhales,theirinteractionwiththeenvironment,andhowto

betterprotectthemfromtheirbiggestthreat:man.[C2]Fortherightwhales,

(heleadingcausesofmortalityarecollisionswithshipsandencounterswithfishinggear,

researcherssay.Femalesappeariohavethetoughestlimesurvivingtherangeofhuman

andnaturalthreats.It*sthesechallengesscientistshopetoaddresswithagrowing

momentuminright-whaleresearch.[C3]Conservationistsareworkingwith

governmentsandtheshippingindustrytomoveorcontroltrafficonheavilyusedsea

lanesthatshipsandwhalesshare.Andrecentresearchisyieldingpotentiallyuseful

insightsintotheimpactoffactorsrangingfromwaterqualityloshiftsinclimate."I'mnot

muchofaPollyannaj1canbeverygrumpyabouttheprogressofright-whalebiology

andconservation,"saysScottKraus,directorofresearchattheNewEnglandAquarium

inBoston.But"inthenextcoupleofyearswe'regoingtoseeatremendousburstofvery

creativescientificenergy"appliedtofundamentalbiologicalandecologicalquestions

surroundingthewhales."Whenthosequestionsgetanswered,we'regoingtohavevery

specificideasaboutwhatliiaikigciiicnlslralcgicswillreduceniorlalilyandpci1laps

enhancereproduction,"hesays.[C4]Inprinciple,preventing"twofemale

deathsayearwouldhaveamajorimpactontheprospectsforthepopulation."saysHal

Caswell,amarinezoologistat(heWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninWoods

Hole,Mass.[C5]From1500to1600,Basquewhalersdecimatedright-whale

populationsintheeasternAtlantic,takinganestimated25,000to40,000.In(helate

1600s,bysomeaccounts,itwouldhavebeenpossibletowalkacrossCapeCodBayon

(hebacksofwhales.Butbythemid-1700s,NewEnglandershadtakenanother3,000,

Mr.Kraussays.Bytheearly20(hcentury,"onlyafewdozenwhalessurvivedinthe

westernNorthAtlantic".[A]Iftheycansaveapopulationthissmall,thenitcouldboost

hopesofsavingotherspeciesfromtheunintendedimpactofhumansontheenvironment.

[BlYetachievingthatmeansuntanglingawebofintenwinedhumanandenvironmental

factorsthatcontributetothewhales'plight.Theonefactorthatweighsmostheavilyis

human.[C]Inaddition,researchersareexploringanumberofacousticapproachesto

avoidingship-whalecollisions.Onetechniquescientistshopetotestlaterthismonth

involvestheuseofmooredbuoysthatusepassivesonarsystemstolistenforwhales.

[D]Toanoutsider,thegoallooksdeceivinglywithinreach.Thepopulationissosmall

thatitwouldtakeonlymodestpainsinsavingwhalestohelpturnthesituationaround.

lEJThatpopulationhadslowlyrebuilt.Overthepast20years,researchershavebuiltan

impressivecollectionof250,000photos—acatalogofsome460NorthAtlanticright

whales.Eachanimalbearsuniquegrowthsofhardenedskin,orcallosities,inplaces

wherehairwouldappearonhumans.Thecallositypatternsactasvisuallags,allowing

researcherstofollowthewhales'lifehistory.fFILaterthismonth,forexample,

researchersaresettotestnewapproachestotrackingtheelusivewhalesinhopesof

alertingshipstotheirpresence.Meanwhile,chemistsandengineersaredeveloping

whale-friendlycommercial-fishinggear.[G]Bysomeestimates,ifcurrentpopulation

trendshold,thespecieswillvanishwithinthenext200years.

K[Cl]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：本题位于首段末尾，应从上文获取信息。前文的大意是露脊鲸当前的

生存状况不佳，包括他们的生活区域环境不佳，物种数量正在减少，濒临灭绝。由

此可以判断空白处应与上文相衔接，与露脊鲸的数量有关。因此选项G应为最佳

选项。

2、[C2]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题位于笫二段段末，应从上文获取信息。上文的大意是由于大量的

科学研究的进行和新的研究方法的使用让科学家和自然费源保护学家看到了保护鲸

鱼的希望：对露脊鲸，露脊鲸与环境的交互作用以及如何保护它们不受人类的危害

有更多的了解。由此可以判断下文应与鲸鱼和动物的生存与发展有关。所以选项A

为最佳选项。

3、[C3]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本题位于段首，可联系上下文获得答题线索。上文论述了露脊鲸死亡

的主要原因是轮船的撞击和捕鱼设施造成的伤害。卜文主要论述r自然资源保护学

家正在就保护鲸鱼而采取的措施和行动。因此空白处的内容应与在轮船航行和捕鱼

设施上采取的保护鲸鱼的行动有关，故选项F为最佳选项。

4、[C4]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题位于段首，需联系上下文获得答题线索。上文大意为科学研究的

发展对减少稣鱼的死亡率，提高鲸鱼的繁殖能力这一H标的实现有较大影响。下文

指出.研究表明防止雌性鲸鱼的死亡对保持鲸鱼数量有明显作用。由此可以判断段

首空白部分的内容应与鲸鱼数量有关。选项D论述了外行人对于保护鲸鱼的看

法，在外行人看来保持鲸鱼数量是轻而易举的，其实不然，这是从反面论证了保护

鲸鱼数量的艰巨性，与上下文一致，故选项D为最佳选项。

5、[C5]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题独立成段，可联系上下文获得答题线索。上文指出研究表明防止

雌性鲸鱼的死亡对保持鲸鱼数量有明显作用。下文则论述了16世纪到20世纪鲸鱼

数量在人类活动影响下的变化。可知本题内容应与人类活动对鲸鱼数量的影响有

关。因此选项B为最佳选项。

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions1-5.choosethe

mostsuitableonefromthelistA~Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereare

twoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.ForBillGates,WarrenBuffett

andmanyWallStreetnumber-crunchers,thedollarsuppliedoneofthenastiestsurprises

of2005.Theworld'stworichestmenandmostfinancial-marketseerspredictedthatthe

greenbackwouldfalllastyear,draggeddownbyAmericascolossalcurrent-account

deficit.Manyforecasterswerepredictingthattheeurowouldbuy$I.40-oddbynowand

thatadollarwouldfetchlessthanY100.[Cl]Againsttheeuroandyen,the

greenbackdidevenbetter.Itendedtheyearat$1.18pereuro,upby14%.Despitea

wobbleinDecember,thedollarmadeasimilaradvanceagainsttheyen.Notsurprisingly,

thepunditsarcmorecautiousabout2006.Althoughmostexpectthegreenbacktoend

thisyearweakerthanithegar.it,thetypicalforecastisthatanydeclinewillbefairly

modestandtakeplacemainlyinthelatterpartof2006.[C2]TheFederal

Reserveraisedshort-terniinterestrateseighttimesin2005,tc4.25%.Japan,incontrast,

kepttheliquiditytapsopenandinterestratesatzero,whiletheEuropeanCentralBank

raisedratesonlyonce,inDecember,to2.25%.RelativelyhigherAmericaninterestrates

broughtforeigncapitalpouringintodollarassetsandpushedthecurrencyup.[C3]

ButasAmerica'stighteningcampaignlevelsoffandEuropeanor(maybe)Japanese

ratesrise,thedollarwillweaken.TheConsensus,accordingtoarecentcompilationof

forecastsbyReuters,suggeststhatthedollarcouldreach$1.25pereuroand¥108by

(heendoftheyear.Judgedbythefirstfewdaysof2006,thoseforecastsmayprovetoo

sanguine.Thedollarsuffereditsbiggesttwo-daydropagainst(heeurointwoyears,and

hitatwomonthlowof$1.21againsttheEuropeancurrencyonJanuary4th.[C4]

Aninterest-rategapthatwasmerelystableoughttoimplyaweakerdollar.

Accordingtoeconomictheory,itisthewideningofinterest-ratedifferentialsthat

temporarilystrengthenstheexchangerale.[C5]Financialmarketsmayalso

havebecometooobsessedwiththeinfluenceofinterestratesoncurrencies.Historically

interest-ratedifferentialshavebeenlittlemoreusethananythingelseatpredictingshort­

termmovementsinexchangerates.[A]Bythislogic,aslongasAmericaraisesrates

fasterthanothers,thedollarwillstaystrong.|B|Theywereallwrong.Although

America'scurrent-accountdeficitheadedtowards$800billionin2005,thedollarrose.It

wasupby3.5%againstabroadtrade-weightedbasketofcurrencies,thefirstriseinfour

years.[ClOvertime,aninternationaldifferenceininterestratesisoffsetbyadropinthe

currencywiththehigherinterestrate.[D]Chinaisyetanothercauseofuncertainty.Its

eagerlyawaitedbutullimalelyminusculeexchange-rateshiftinJuly2005wasaboonfor

(hedollarbecauseitdidno(setin(rainawiderrealignmentofAsiancurrencies.[E]That

isbecausemostanalystsattributethedollar'srecentstrengthtowideningdifferences

betweenAmerican,EuropeanandJapaneseinterestrates.Thesegapsareexpectedto

growforafewmoremonthsbeforeclosingslightlylaterintheyear.[F]Analternative

viewisthattheexporters,likeothers,wereattractedbyrisingAmericaninterestrates.A

recentstudybytheBankforInternationalSettlements,forinstance,suggestedthatthe

currencycompositionofOPECmembers'depositshasbecomemoresensitivetointerest­

ratedifferentials.[G]Onereasonis(hatinvestorsarebecomingjitteryabouthowsoonthe

interest-rategapmightstopgrowing.Thedollarswoonedafter(hereleasethisweekof

theminutesof(heFed'sDecembermeeting,whichsuggestedthatshor(-(erminterestrates

mightnotneed(ogomuchhigher.

6、[Cl]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题位于段首，可联系上下文获得信息。文章开篇指出比尔・盖茨和

沃伦・巴菲特以及诸多金融家们对美元贬值预言。下文指出美元的表现比预期的要

好。可以判断空白部分与前文的预期相反，而选项B的大意为肯定了这些预言的

错误，并描述了美元升值的具体表现，因此选项B为最佳选项。

7、[C2]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：本文独立成段，需联系上下文确定选项。上文指出了金融家对美元市

场的预测，美元将在2006年后半年发生疲软，但程度有限。下文美国、口本、欧

洲对利率的调整，以及美国的利率政策推动了外资的增加和美元的升值。可以判断

空白处内容应与美国、日本和欧洲的利率调整有关，且预期的持续时间应与前文对

于美元的强劲势头持续的时间相符，故选项E为最佳选项。

8、[C3]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题位于段首，可从下文获得答题信息。下文用BUT作为连接词，

指出美国紧缩的政策达到稳定并且欧洲和口本的利率上扬也会导致美元疲软，可以

判断BUT前的内容应与后面的内容相反，选项A则表达了美元一直保持强势的观

点，与后面的内容相反，区此选项人为最佳选项.

9、[C4]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：本题独立成段，可联系上下文获得信息。上文指出1月4日美元的汇

率达到两年来最大跌幅。下文的大意为勉强维持平稳的利率差异预示着美元走向疲

软，可以看出中间缺少分析造成美元下跌的原因。选项G则分析了美元下跌的原

因之一，并且表明联邦储备局无意提高端起利率，与下文分析美元疲软相联系，故

为最佳选项。

10、[C5]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题位于段末，可从前文获得信息。前文指出，平稳的利率差异预示

着美元走向疲软，根据经济学原理，只有利率差异扩大才能带来临时性的汇率走

高可以判断下文应与国际间利率差异的影响有关。选项C的大意为国际间利率

差异将会由高利率货币的差异来弥补，与前文相关，故选项C为最佳选项。

二、阅读9翻译句子)(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。)

Humanbeingshavetheuniqueabilitytoformulatepersonalgoalsforthemselves.

Withoutthisformofpersonaldevelopment,theworldwouldnotbewhatitistoday.

[Fl]HavingdreamsgivesustheODDortunitiestofindoinwhomweare,tofindwhal

reallylaysbenealhihesurfaceoffleshandbone.Dreamscanchangeapersonandjustas

(heseasonschange,apersoncanchange(heirdreamsaswell.Whenonehasagoalsetin

mind,heorsheshouldchaseitwithgusto.[F2]However,noteveryonestickstohisor

herdreams,someiuslgiveUDentirelynoialwaysbecauseofchoice,buibecauseofthe

circumstancessurrounding【h3m.Manypeoplegiveupontheirdreamsbecauseof

procrastination.[F3]Waitinguntilthelastminutetodosomethingisaterriblehabit,

csi)cciallyifthedrcamorgoalisaonceinalifetimeoDDortunity.Notlosa、that[here

won'tbeotherchances,butitisbetterloreapthespoilsofyourlaborthefirstlime

around.[F4]Procrastinationcanbebomwhenpeopl。lookatiheirdreamsinits

entiretyandIheybecomedisheartenedbecauseIheirgoallooksdifficultandalollolake

inatonetime.Onecaneliminatethisfearbybreakingdowntheirgoalsintosegments

andtacklingthesmallerpiecestomaketheprocesslessarduous.Afearofrejectionlies

withinallofus.Morespecifically,beingtold"no".Somepeopleletthisfearincapacitate

theirmindsandletittakeover.Whilerejectionisaterriblefeeling,wcshouldn'tletit

dictateourgoalsoraspirations.Itendtothinkthatrejectionisastepping-stoneto

reachingourdreams.Besides,everythingdoesn'talwaysgooarwayallthetime,ifitdid

thenitwouldn'tbecalledlife.Somepeople'sdreamsarereliantuponsupportfrom

friendsandfamily.However,thesupportisnotalways(here.Manypeoplearenot

blessedwithhavingothers(hatofferashouldertoleanonintoughtimes.Thepath(o

followingone'sgoalscanbehardattimesandwillrequiremorethanonepersontomake

(liedieamintoaicality.Tlieieaiepeople(hatwillgiveupon(Iieiidicamsbecauseof

(his.Thisgoeshand-in-handwithhavinglowself-esteemoralackofconfidenceinone's

abilitytosucceed.[F5]Losingsightofone'sdreamsisoneofthemostregrettable

mistakesapersoncanevermake.ThaliswhyweshouldDushonandbelieveinourselves

ihalwecanattainanygoalwechooselo,nomailerhowfarawayilseems.

11.[Fl]

标准答案：有理想。我们就有机会弄清自己，弄清本质。

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、[F2]

标准答案：然而，并非每个人都能坚守自己的理想。有些人完全放弃了，并不总是

出于选择，而是环境所致。

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、[F3]

标准答案：直到最后一分钟才开始行动，这是可怕的不良习惯。如果理想或目标一

生只有一次实现的机会，见更是如此。这并不是说，今后没有别的机会了，而是

说，最好尽早收获自己的劳动成果。

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、[F4]

标准答案：人们全面考虑自己的远大理想时，会感到灰心丧气，因为任务太艰巨，

一下子要解决的问题太多.此时，就可能变得懈怠，办事拖拖拉拉"一个人可以通

过分解他们的目标为部分和处理小块目标使这一进程的艰辛程度得以减轻来消除这

种恐惧。

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、[F5]

标准答案：失去理想是人可能会犯的一个最大错误。这就是为什么我们应该奋力向

前并且相信我们自己，无论选定的目标看起来多么遥不可及，我们都能实现。

知识点解析：暂无解析

Thefundamentalfactofourtimeisthegradualencroachmentofprincipled

individualism,orunregulatedpersonalfreedom,intoallareasofourlives.Everymoral

andcommunalcertainty,exceptthosethatcanbejustifiedthroughcontractandconsent,

hasheentransformedintoaquestion.Everyhumanattachmentseemsbasically

voluntary.Thegreatinstitutionsthatshapethecharacterofhumanbeings-thefamily,the

church,thecommunity,andthecountryareweakenedandstilleroding.[Fl]Young

peoplewhohavegrownupinihisculturalenvironmentaredeprivedofwhalitlakesto

developfilmmoralbearings,and,withthem,asenseofpurpose.Newstudentsarriveat

collegenotknowingwhotheyareorwhattheirlivesarefor.[F2]Professors,

meanwhile,usedlobelieveIheirprimaryresponsibililywasshapesouls:passon(he

trulhsembeddedinareligiousiraditionorolhermoralcodeihalshouldthoughUully

define【helivesofeducatedmenandwomen.[F3]A【【heveryleast,theybelievedthey

hadtoopenstudents'eyesioihevariedformsofhumanexcellencedisplayedinthe

greatestworksofphilosophyandIiteralure:lhesaini,ihesage,ihepoet,ihewarrior,(he

invenior,【heenireDreneur,ihescieniisl.iheslalesman.Bymeansofthesemodelsof

humangreatness,professorscouldofferguidancetostudentsdiscerningwhotheyareand

whattheywanttodo.But,anivingatcollegewithcharactersalreadyformed,those

studentswerele