2025年高考第一次模拟考试英语（新高考八省）（全解全析）

2025年高考第一次模拟考试（新高考八省）02英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．What’sthenewsabout?A．Adamagedcity. B．Anaturaldisaster. C．Arescueplan.【答案】B【原文】M:Tillia,haveyouseenthenews?Theriverhasbursthisbanksandpartsofthecityareunderwater.W:That’sterrible.Iheardsomebuildingswithtroitbutthankstothetimelyarrivaloftherescueteam,noonewashurt.2．WhodidMicheleexpecttoattendtheawardceremony?A．Herfriends. B．Herparents. C．Herteammates.【答案】B【原文】M:LookatMichele.Shelooksupset.Doyouknowwhathashappenedtoher?W:Shedidverywellinthecontest,butherparentsdidn’tshowupfortheawardceremony.3．Whydidthewomanchangeherjob?A．Shelostinterestingolf.B．Shegotinjuredinhertwenties.C．Practicinglawmadeherearnmore.【答案】B【原文】M:Didyoustartoutwithanacademiccareerinmind,professor?W:No,notatall.Believeitornot,Iwasonceaworld-classgolfer,butIgotinjuredinmytwenties,soIwenttouniversitytostudylawinstead.4．Whatisthemanmainlyexcitedabout?A．Becomingthestudentcommunityleader.B．Beingabletomeetthepresident.C．Receivingsomegreatgrades.【答案】A【原文】W:Didyougettheresultsoflastweek’sschoolelection,dear?M:Isuredid!Iwaschosentobepresidentofourschool’sstudentcommunity!W:Goodjob,George!Youdeservethisposition!5．WhywillSarahmissthegrouppresentation?A．Shegotherpartcovered. B．Herflightisdelayed. C．Shedidn’tplanforit.【答案】B【原文】W:HaveyouheardfromSarahtoday?Canshemakeittoourgrouppresentation?M:Shecalledme.Sheplannedtolandtoday,butthestormhasheldherup.Sheremainsattheairportwaitingforfurthernews.W:That’stoobad.We’llhavetocoverherpart.M:Yeah,wedon’thaveachoice.第二节（共15小题;每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6．WhydidthespeakersgotoFrancelastyear?A．Theywentonastudytrip.B．Theyspentavacationthere.C．Theyvisitedsomefamouspeople.7．HowdidthemanfindPicasso’spaintings?A．Ugly. B．Realistic. C．Beautiful.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:Doyourememberthosestrangepaintingswesawwhenwewereonholidaylastyear?W:Yes,theywerepaintedbyPicasso.Youweren’timpressed,wereyou?M:No.IexpectedeverythinginParistobebeautiful.IfIwantedtoseeuglythings,IcouldfindsomeathomeinEngland.Iwouldn’tneedtogotoFrance.W:Well,alotofpeoplelikethem.Infact,PicassoisoneofSpain’smostfamouspeople.M:Idon’tknowwhy.Noneofthepaintingslookedlikerealthings.W:Butthatwasintended.YoucanlovePicassoorhatePicasso,butitishardnottohaveanopinionabouthiswork.M:Wecanagreeonthat.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatisthelady’smaingoal?A．Tokeepagoodfigure.B．Togetmoreexercise.C．Tohaveaphysicalexamination.9．Whatdoyouthinkofthework-outplan?A．Effectiveforeveryone. B．Verypersonal. C．Hardtocarryout.10．Whydoesthewomanchoosetheone-monthservice?A．Tosavemoney. B．Toachievehergoal. C．Tohaveatry.【答案】8．A9．B10．C【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam.HowcanIhelpyou?W:Well,Iamalittlebitoutofshape.IthinkIshouldgetsomeexercisetokeepfit.Whatkindofservicedoyouoffer?M:Firstofall,we’llmakeapersonalizedwork-outplanaccordingtoyourphysicalconditionsandyourpersonalneeds.W:Howcanyougetthatdone?M:Well,wegiveeachcustomeraqualifiedpersonaltrainer.Thetrainerwillassessyouandthencomeupwiththework-outplan.W:Whatelse?M:Thenyou’llbetaughtallthenecessarytechniquestousetheequipmentandachieveyourgoal.W:Soundsprettygood.Howmuchdoyoucharge?M:Thatdepends.Weoffermembershipforonemonth,halfayearandoneyear.W:Perhapsonemonth.I’lljusthaveatryatfirst.M:Wisedecision.Thatis400yuan.You’llfindit’stotallyworthit.W:OK,I’lltakeit.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whydoesthewomanrefusetheman’srequest?A．Helostthereceipt.B．Heboughthislaptopatasale.C．Thelaptop’sreturnperiodisover.12．Howlongistheguaranteeperiod?A．Amonth. B．Halfayear. C．Ayear.13．Howwillthemanprobablycontactthefactory?A．Throughanagent. B．Bytelephone. C．OvertheInternet.【答案】11．C12．C13．B【原文】M:Hi.Iboughtthelaptopherejustaboutamonthago,andnowIcan’tturniton.W:MayIaskwhathappened?M:Iaccidentallydroppedit.W:Oh,nowonderitcan’trespond.M:Now,I’dliketoreturnitandpurchaseanothermodel.Here’smyreceipt.W:I’msorry,butyouboughtthelaptopover30daysago,sowecan’trefundyourmoney.M:IsthereanythingIcandoatthispoint?W:Well,youcouldsendittothefactory.Sincethelaptopwasboughtlessthanayearago,theycanrepairitforfree.Andtheyofferhalfpriceifyouwanttoexchangeitforanewone.M:That’sgood.HowcanIreachthem?W:Letmegiveyoutheirphonenumber.Youcanalsomakearequestonline,butI’mnotsureyoucandothat.Youdon’thaveaccesstotheInternet,amIright?M:Yeah,you’reright.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．HowdidVivekfindtheresult?A．Astonishing. B．Satisfying. C．Disappointing.15．WhatplacedidVivekwinatthefair?A．Thefourthplace. B．Thethirdplace. C．Thefirstplace.16．WhatcanVivek’ssystemdo?A．Makeawoundhealfaster.B．Judgethedegreeofaninjury.C．Helpaccessemergencyservices.17．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Hostingaprogram. B．Conductingaceremony. C．Holdingapressconference.【答案】14．B15．A16．C17．A【原文】W:Goodevening,Vivek,welcometojoinustonight.First,canyoutellussomethingaboutyourself?M:Sure.MynameisVivekSandraPettit.I’m17yearsold.I’masenioratWestporthighschool.Ilovescience.W:Recently,youhavewonanawardattheRegeneroninternationalsciencefairinAtlanta.Congratulations.M:Thanks.W:Sowhatplacewereyouawardedatthefair?M:Ididn’twinthetopthreeawards,butIwasstillveryhappyabouttheresult.Altogether1750studentsfromaroundtheworldparticipatedinthefair.

AndIwasamongthetopfour.W:It’sreallyabigsciencefair,couldyoutellushowyouwontheaward?M:

Iinventedasignalsystemthatsendsasignaltoemergencyserviceswhenaninjuryoccurs.Youknow,sometimeswhenonegetsinjured,hemaybeunabletocallforhelp.W:Exactly.I’msureyourinventioncanhelpsavelives.Ihopeyourstorywillinspiremorepeopleofyouragetoworkonscientificprojects.M:Ihopeso.W:Well,that’sallfortonight’sprogramme.Thankyouforyourtime.M:Thehonorisallmine.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whatisthemostattractiveaboutthesmalltowns?A．Apeacefullife. B．Comfortablehotels. C．Scenicplaces.19．Whatdidthespeakerdoduringthetrip?A．Hemademanyfriends.B．Hetrieddifferentfoods.C．Hetookalotofpictures.20．Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A．Tosuggestaquickgetaway.B．Toadvertiseatravelagency.C．Tointroduceawayofsocializing.【答案】18．A19．B20．A【原文】Hello,ifyouarelookingforsomethingfuntodo,consideraquickweekendtriptosomewhereinyourlocalarea.HereintheAmericanMidwestnearChicago,thereareanumberofscenicplacesandpicturesquetowns.Andareonlyaone-to-three-hourdriveaway.Recently,oursocialgroupvisitedthreesmalltowns.Shiwana.Nani.AndElkhartinnorthernIndiana.Whatweenjoyedmostwasseeingsmalltownwithitsquiet,slowerpacedlife.Itwaseasytolocateacomfortable,inexpensivehotelthere.Wewanderedthemainstreetshoppingareasandtriedavarietyoftreats.ThebusySaturdayendedwithsnacks,drinksandconversation.Wewerethenrewardedwithagoodnight’ssleepinthepeacefulcountryside.AfterabriefSundaybreakfast,westartedourwaybackhome.Eachofusfeltrefreshedafterthisquickovernighttrip.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourScienceResearchCompetitionsforHighSchoolersParticipatinginascienceresearchcompetitionasahighschoolercanallowyoutoexploreoneofyourpassions,makingyouamorecompetitivecandidateduringthecollegeadmissionsprocess.Herearefourscienceresearchcompetitionsdesignedforhighschoolers.BreakthroughJuniorChallengeTheBreakthroughJuniorChallengetasksstudentswithcreatingashorttwo-minutevideoinwhichtheyexplainacomplexscientificconceptanddemonstratehowitworksinpractice.Awardsincludea$250,000collegescholarship,anda$50,000awardtoateacherofthewinner’schoosing.EyeontheFutureTeenVideoContestParticipantsaretaskedwithcreatingavideobetween30secondsandthreeminuteslong,eitherontheirownorinteamsofuptothreemembers.WinnersreceiveapaidtriptotheNationalInstituteofHealthinBethesda,Maryland.RegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFairThiscompetitionistheworld’slargestinternationalpre-collegeSTEMcompetition.Studentsshowcaseindependentresearchandcompeteacross22categoriesforawardsrangingfrom$500to$75,000.Thisisnotagroup-basedcompetition—individualstudentssighupforlocalschoolsciencefairsbeforeadvancingtoupper-levelcompetitions.AmericanAcademyofNeurologyNeuroscienceResearchPrizeThiscompetitionchallengesstudentstoinvestigateproblemsregardingthebrainornervoussystem.Itisonlyopentoindividualstudents—groupprojectsareexcluded.WinnersreceiveamonetaryprizeandthechancetopresenttheirprojectsattheAANAnnualMeeting.21．Whatistheaimofthecompetitions?A．Tofuelthepassionforscientificresearch. B．Toensureadmissiontothedreamcollege.C．Totraintobeacandidateforidealcolleges. D．Toselectoutstandingtalentsfromhighschool.22．Whatdothefirsttwocompetitionshaveincommon?A．Winnerswillreceiveapaidtrip. B．Creationofavideoisamust.C．Theparticipantsneedtopulltogether. D．Thewinner’steacherisalsopresentedanaward.23．Whichcompetitionmightenableparticipantstobecomeadoctor?A．BreakthroughJuniorChallengeB．EyeontheFutureTeenVideoContestC．RegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFairD．AmericanAcademyofNeurologyNeuroscienceResearchPrize【答案】21．A22．B23．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是四个为高中生设计的科学研究竞赛。21．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Participatinginascienceresearchcompetitionasahighschoolercanallowyoutoexploreoneofyourpassions,makingyouamorecompetitivecandidateduringthecollegeadmissionsprocess.(作为一名高中生，参加科学研究竞赛可以让你探索自己的兴趣所在，使你在大学录取过程中更具竞争力。)”可知，参加科学研究竞赛可以让高中生探索自己的兴趣和激情，由此可知，这些比赛的目的是激发人们对科学研究的热情。故选A项。22．细节理解题。根据BreakthroughJuniorChallenge部分中的“TheBreakthroughJuniorChallengetasksstudentswithcreatingashorttwo-minutevideoinwhichtheyexplainacomplexscientificconceptanddemonstratehowitworksinpractice.(“突破少年挑战赛”要求学生制作一个两分钟的短视频，在视频中解释一个复杂的科学概念，并展示其在实践中的应用。)”可知，该竞赛要求学生制作一个两分钟的短视频解释一个复杂的科学概念，结合EyeontheFutureTeenVideoContest部分中的“Participantsaretaskedwithcreatingavideobetween30secondsandthreeminuteslong,eitherontheirownorinteamsofuptothreemembers.(参与者的任务是制作一段30秒到3分钟长的视频，可以自己制作，也可以组成最多三人的团队。)”可知，在该竞赛中要求参与者制作一段30秒到3分钟长的视频，由此可知，前两个竞赛的共同之处是要求参与者必须制作视频。故选B项。23．细节理解题。根据AmericanAcademyofNeurologyNeuroscienceResearchPrize部分中的“Thiscompetitionchallengesstudentstoinvestigateproblemsregardingthebrainornervoussystem.(这项竞赛要求学生调查有关大脑或神经系统的问题。)”可知，该项竞赛中涉及的是有关大脑或神经系统的问题的调查，与医学相关，由此可知，AmericanAcademyofNeurologyNeuroscienceResearchPrize可能使参与者成为一名医生。故选D项。BLastyear,myhusbandandIdecidedtomakeour12-storeybuildingmoreofacommunity.WeliveinasmallrentedapartmentinParkMerced,alargehousingdevelopment.Iwouldcalluslower-middle-class.Alotofnurses,busdrivers,andtradesmenlivehere,manyofthem1stor2ndgenerationimmigrants(移民).We’reallrenters.Renterscomeandgoandtendnottoseethebuildingstheyliveinastheirhome.Butitcanbedone.Westartedwithamonthlytwo-hoursocialinthebuildinglobby(前厅)onthesecondFridaysofeachmonth.Somepeoplecame,between15-30eachtime.Theeventslastedtwohours,buttherewasn’tmuchtodobesidestalking,eatingsnacksanddrinkingjuice.Thesocialswerenice,butmostresidentsgavethemamiss.ThenonedayIwasonthenearbycampusofSanFranciscoStateUniversity.Ayoungmanfromasocialclubforstudentshadabigsignabout“BuildingCommunity”.Iaskedhim,“Howdoyoudothat?”Hesaidtheytriedtogetpeopletosharesomethingaboutthemselveswithatleastoneotherperson.Thatmadealotofsensetome.Iboughtalargeworldmap.Atthesocial,Itapeditonthelobbywallswithsignsthatsaid“WhereWe’reFrom.Putagreenstickerwhereyouwerebornandyellowstickerswhereyourgrandparentswereborn.”Peopleputuptheirstickersandlookedwhereotherpeoplecamefrom.Weleftthemapupovernight,andthenextday,Saturday,morepeopleplayed.Iplannedtoleavethemapandstickersupforamonthormore.Theycertainlymadethelobbymoreinterestingthanthehousingprojectlookitusuallyhas.Iseethattherewillbechallenges,butIalsoknowthatastrongcommunitywillhelpuslivegoodlives.Ihavethetimeandenergytodothiswork.24．Whattroubledidtheauthorhavebuildingacommunity?A．Thecommunitywaspoor. B．Shelackedenoughmoney.C．Rentershadnosenseofbelonging. D．Herneighborswereallimmigrants.25．Howdidtheauthorfindherearlierevents?A．Fruitful. B．Ordinary. C．Inspiring. D．Messy.26．Whatdidtheauthordoinordertochangethesocials?A．Adoptasharinggame. B．Addfoodsanddrinks.C．Admitexperiencedlocals. D．Asksomestudentsforsupport.27．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A．Responsibleandstrict. B．Demandingandambitious.C．Knowledgeableandmodest. D．Insightfulanddetermined.【答案】24．C25．B26．A27．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为改善楼内租客们之间的关系，让租客们找到归属感，她与丈夫决心创建社区的故事。24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Renterscomeandgoandtendnottoseethebuildingstheyliveinastheirhome.(租房者来来去去，往往不会将他们居住的建筑物视为自己的家。)”可知，租客们对居住地没有归属感是作者面对的困难。故选C项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theeventslastedtwohours,buttherewasn’tmuchtodobesidestalking,eatingsnacksanddrinkingjuice.Thesocialswerenice,butmostresidentsgavethemamiss.(活动持续了两个小时，但除了聊天、吃零食和喝果汁外，没有什么可做的。社交活动很好，但大多数居民都错过了他们。)”可知，前几次把租客组织到一起的努力没有实质性效果，没有吸引广大居民的参加，故选B项。26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hesaidtheytriedtogetpeopletosharesomethingaboutthemselveswithatleastoneotherperson.Thatmadealotofsensetome.(他说，他们试图让人们与至少另一个人分享一些关于他们自己的事情。这对我来说很有意义。)”及第四段“Iboughtalargeworldmap.Atthesocial,Itapeditonthelobbywallswithsignsthatsaid“WhereWe’reFrom.Putagreenstickerwhereyouwerebornandyellowstickerswhereyourgrandparentswereborn.”Peopleputuptheirstickersandlookedwhereotherpeoplecamefrom.Weleftthemapupovernight,andthenextday,Saturday,morepeopleplayed.Iplannedtoleavethemapandstickersupforamonthormore.Theycertainlymadethelobbymoreinterestingthanthehousingprojectlookitusuallyhas.(我买了一张很大的世界地图。在社交活动中，我把它用胶带贴在大厅的墙上，并贴上写有“我们来自哪里。在你出生的地方贴上绿色贴纸，在你祖父母出生的地方贴上黄色贴纸”的标志。人们贴上贴纸，看看其他人来自哪里。我们把地图贴了一整晚，第二天，也就是星期六，更多的人参与了进来。我计划把地图和贴纸贴一个月或更长时间。它们确实让大厅比通常的住房项目外观更有趣。)”可知，作者设计了一项分享游戏活动，故选A项。27．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Renterscomeandgoandtendnottoseethebuildingstheyliveinastheirhome．(租房者来来去去，往往不会将他们居住的建筑物视为自己的家。)”及第三段“ThenonedayIwasonthenearbycampusofSanFranciscoStateUniversity.Ayoungmanfromasocialclubforstudentshadabigsignabout“BuildingCommunity”.Iaskedhim,“Howdoyoudothat?”Hesaidtheytriedtogetpeopletosharesomethingaboutthemselveswithatleastoneotherperson.Thatmadealotofsensetome.(然后有一天，我在附近的旧金山州立大学校园里。一个来自学生社交俱乐部的年轻人举着一个写着“BuildingCommunity”的大牌子。我问他“你是怎么做到的？”他说，他们试图让人们与至少另一个人分享一些关于他们自己的事情。这对我来说很有意义。)”可知，作者能认真了解租客信息，洞察存在的问题并决心建立社区，由此可知，作者是富有洞察力，意志坚强的人，故选D项。CThere’sawhiteboardontherefrigeratorinduPlessises’kitchenthecoupleusestoplandinners.Butwithtwoyoungchildren,full-timejobsandthenearestsupermarket20minutesaway,figuringoutwhattoeatcansometimesbechallenging.Tolightentheload,Mr.duPlessisregularlyusesagrocerydeliveryservice.America’sappetiteforonlinegrocerysalessoaredmorethan50%,from$62billionin2019to$96billionin2020,accordingtotheFoodandDrugAdministration.Oneinfiveconsumersnowhasgroceriesdeliveredtotheirdooratleastonceamonth.By2029,itisestimatedthatthemarketwillbeworth$455billion.Meanwhile,there’sbeenasteepincreaseindemandforrestauranttakeout.Mealkitswhichcomewithpremeasuredingredientsarealsoexperiencingstronggrowth.Atthesametime,foodproductionandtransportationmakeupasmuchas1/3ofatypicalUShousehold’sannualcontributiontoclimatechange-inducingemissions.TheDepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthat30%offoodproducediswasted.So,changingconsumerbehaviortominimizewasteandreducetransportationcouldhaveasignificantimpactontheoverallpollution.In2022,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganmodeledasingle36-itemgrocerycarttocomparegreenhouseemissionsfromane-commercegrocerydeliveryandatraditionaltriptothestoretogetthesameitems.Theyfoundthatusinganelectricvehicletopickupgroceriescouldcutemissionsbyasmuchashalf,comparedtoagas-poweredvehicle.Theyalsofoundthathomedeliverycouldbeanevenbetteroption.That’sbecausewithadeliveryvehicle,ordersareoftenclustered,withadriverdroppingoffnotjustyourgroceries,butalsohittingneighborsduringthesamerun.Whenitcomestodeliveryservices,Mr.duPlessistheorizesthatbecausethisguy’sliterallydeliveringtwoburgersandliketwosodas,suchoptionswouldhaveabigfootprint.“Forthevolumeoffoodcomparedtotheamountofcarbonemitted,yeah,theequationdoesn’tquiteaddup.”28．Whatisthefirstparagraphabout?A．Mealplanningchallenges. B．Time-savingmealstrategies.C．Benefitsofgrocerydelivery. D．TheduPlessisfamily’slifestyle.29．Whatdoparagraphs2and3suggestaboutgrocerydeliveryservices?A．TheybringaboutdisorderincommercialcompetitionB．Theyarouseapressingneedtochangedeliverymode.C．Theybringattentiontogoodsqualityconcerns.D．Theyofferconvenienceformealpreparation.30．Whatdoestheword“clustered”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Groupedtogether. B．Separatedindividually.C．Deliveredrandomly. D．Packedtightly.31．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．InnovationsinFoodDelivery B．TheChallengesofMealPlanningC．TheRiseofOnlineGroceryShopping D．EnvironmentalEffectsofFoodDelivery【答案】28．A29．B30．A31．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了美国线上食品杂货销售量增长，及其对消费者行为和环境的影响。研究表明，使用电动车或选择杂货配送服务有助于减少碳排放，而改变消费者行为对减轻环境污染具有重要意义。28．主旨大意题。根据第一段“There’sawhiteboardontherefrigeratorinduPlessises’kitchenthecoupleusestoplandinners．Butwithtwoyoungchildren,full-timejobsandthenearestsupermarket20minutesaway,figuringoutwhattoeatcansometimesbechallenging.Tolightentheload,Mr.duPlessisregularlyusesagrocerydeliveryservice.(在杜·普莱西斯的厨房里，这对夫妇用来计划晚餐的冰箱上有一块白板。但由于有两个年幼的孩子，有全职工作，离最近的超市也只有20分钟的路程，弄清楚吃什么有时会很有挑战性。为了减轻负担，duPlessis先生经常使用杂货送货服务)”可知，本段主要描述了duPlessis一家在制定膳食计划时因面临距离和时间等方面的挑战。故选A项。29．推理判断题。根据第二段“America’sappetiteforonlinegrocerysalessoaredmorethan50%,from$62billionin2019to$96billionin2020,accordingtotheFoodandDrugAdministration．Oneinfiveconsumersnowhasgroceriesdeliveredtotheirdooratleastonceamonth.By2029,itisestimatedthatthemarketwillbeworth$455billion.Meanwhile,there’sbeenasteepincreaseindemandforrestauranttakeout.Mealkitswhichcomewithpremeasuredingredientsarealsoexperiencingstronggrowth.(美国食品和药物管理局的数据显示，美国人对在线杂货销售的兴趣飙升了50%以上，从2019年的620亿美元飙升至2020年的960亿美元。现在，五分之一的消费者每月至少有一次食品杂货送货上门。预计到2029年，该市场规模将达到4550亿美元。与此同时，对餐馆外卖的需求急剧增加。预制配料的套餐也在强劲增长)”和第三段“So,changingconsumerbehaviortominimizewasteandreducetransportationcouldhaveasignificantimpactontheoverallpollution.(因此，改变消费者行为以尽量减少浪费和减少运输可能对整体污染产生重大影响)”可知，食品杂货配送服务急需改变配送模式。故选B项。30．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“withadriverdroppingoffnotjustyourgroceries,butalsohittingneighborsduringthesamerun.(司机不仅会给你送杂货，还会在同一次运送中去邻居家)”可知，clustered指的是多个距离相近的订单被分在一起进行配送，即订单被组合在一起。故划线词意思是“组合在一起”。故选A项。31．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Atthesametime,foodproductionandtransportationmakeupasmuchas1/3ofatypicalUShousehold’sannualcontributiontoclimatechange-inducingemissions．TheDepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthat30%offoodproducediswasted.So,changingconsumerbehaviortominimizewasteandreducetransportationcouldhaveasignificantimpactontheoverallpollution.(与此同时，一个典型的美国家庭每年排放的导致气候变化的温室气体中，食品生产和运输所占的比例高达1/3。农业部估计有30%的食物被浪费了。因此，改变消费者行为以尽量减少浪费和减少运输可能对整体污染产生重大影响)”可知，文章重点讨论了食品配送服务和线上购买食品杂货对环境的影响，尤其是它们如何减少碳排放。故D项“食品配送的环境影响”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。DImagineyou’recookingpotatoesforbreakfast.First,you’dremovethepotatoesfromtheirplasticbag.Then,youmightchopthemonaplasticcuttingboard.Next,you’dprobablycooktheminanonstickpan.Alltheremoving,choppingandoverheatingofnonstickpanscanadd2.3millionmicroplasticstoyourfood.Besidesfood,theairandwaterinyourhomeisfullofmicroplastics.Smallerthanagrainofsalt,weinteractwiththemmorethanwemightrealize.Humansbreathinabout22,000,000microplasticsannually.Asaresult,microplasticshavebeendetectedinourbloodandlungs.We’reonlyjustbeginningtounderstandtheeffectofmicroplasticsonhumanhealth—butresearchsuggestsweshouldconcernmore.Agroundbreakingnewstudyshowshowthepresenceofmicroplasticsinarteries(动脉血管)islinkedtoagreaterriskofheartattackanddeath.Whenmicroplasticsbuildupinarteries,thethickerbloodvessel(血管)wallsreducebloodflowtopartsofthebody.Thisstudywillinspiremoreresearchintowhatotherorgansplasticmaybedamaging,suchasthebrain,orstomach.Microplasticsmaybeinescapable,butwithsimpleswapsandfixes,youcanreducetheamountofmicroplasticsyouencounterinyourownhome.Carryyourownreusablebagsandavoidbuyingfoodthatcomesinmuchplasticpackaging.Whenheatingfood,usestainlesssteelinsteadofnonstickpans.Anotherwaytolimityourexposureistofilter(过滤)yourtapwatertoreduceplasticfibersinthetapwater.Ultimately,plasticmanufacturersandthecompaniesthatselltheirproductsareresponsibleforthehighvolumeofplasticwasteinourenvironments,andsignificantlyreducingthatplastic—andthemicroplasticsthatcomewithit—willhavetobeatthepolicylevelnationwideandworldwide.32．Whatdoestheauthortrytoconveybytellingthecookingstory?A．Microplasticsdirectlyleadtodiseases.B．Nonstickpansarefreeofmicroplastics.C．Weconsumedmicroplasticsunknowingly.D．Cookingistoblameformakingmicroplastics.33．Howdomicroplasticsaffectourbodyaccordingtothenewstudy?A．Bydamagingourbrain. B．Byslowingbloodflow.C．Bythickeningourlungs. D．Bycausingstomachache.34．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Tipsforpeopletocutmicroplastics.B．Proofofmicroplasticsinourhomes.C．Presenceofmicroplasticsinpackaging.D．Exposuretomicroplasticsviatapwater.35．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Plasticwastecomesfrommicroplasticsonearth.B．Theamountofplasticwasteissignificantlylarge.C．Relevantregulationsarevitaltocontainplasticuse.D．Plasticmakersandbuyersanswerforplasticwaste.【答案】32．C33．B34．A35．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了微塑料对人类健康的影响，包括其在食物、空气和水中的普遍存在，以及可能对人体器官如心脏造成的危害，并提出了一些减少微塑料暴露的建议。32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagineyou’recookingpotatoesforbreakfast．First,you’dremovethepotatoesfromtheirplasticbag．Then,youmightchopthemonaplasticcuttingboard.Next,you’dprobablycooktheminanonstickpan.Alltheremoving,choppingandoverheatingofnonstickpanscanadd2.3millionmicroplasticstoyourfood.(想象一下你在早餐时煮土豆。首先，你会从塑料袋里拿出土豆。然后，你可能会在塑料砧板上切它们。接下来，你可能会在不粘锅里煮它们。所有去除、切割和加热不粘锅的动作可能会给你的食物增加230万微塑料颗粒)”可推知，作者试图通过讲述烹饪故事来传达我们在不知情的情况下摄入了微塑料。故选C。33．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Agroundbreakingnewstudyshowshowthepresenceofmicroplasticsinarteries(动脉血管)islinkedtoagreaterriskofheartattackanddeath.Whenmicroplasticsbuildupinarteries,thethickerbloodvessel(血管)wallsreducebloodflowtopartsofthebody.(一项开创性的新研究表明，动脉中微塑料的存在与心脏病发作和死亡风险增加有关。当微塑料在动脉中积聚时，更厚的血管壁会减少流向身体各部位的血液)”可知，微塑料通过减缓血流来影响我们的身体。故选B。34．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Microplasticsmaybeinescapable,butwithsimpleswapsandfixes,youcanreducetheamountofmicroplasticsyouencounterinyourownhome.Carryyourownreusablebagsandavoidbuyingfoodthatcomesinmuchplasticpackaging.Whenheatingfood,usestainlesssteelinsteadofnonstickpans.Anotherwaytolimityourexposureistofilter(过滤)yourtapwatertoreduceplasticfibersinthetapwater.(微塑料可能是无法避免的，但通过简单的替换和修复，你可以减少在自己家中接触到的微塑料的数量。带上你自己的可重复使用的袋子，避免购买包装有大量塑料的食品。加热食物时，使用不锈钢而不是不粘锅。另一种限制暴露的方法是过滤你的自来水以减少自来水中的塑料纤维)”可知，本段主要提供了减少在家中接触微塑料的建议，包括使用可重复使用的袋子、避免购买塑料包装的食品、使用不锈钢锅加热食物以及过滤自来水等。故选A。35．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ultimately,plasticmanufacturersandthecompaniesthatselltheirproductsareresponsibleforthehighvolumeofplasticwasteinourenvironments,andsignificantlyreducingthatplastic—andthemicroplasticsthatcomewithit—willhavetobeatthepolicylevelnationwideandworldwide.(最终，塑料制造商和销售其产品的公司对我们环境中大量的塑料垃圾负有责任，要在全国范围内和全球范围内大大减少这种塑料——以及随之而来的微塑料——将必须在政策层面进行)”可知，塑料制造商和销售产品的公司对塑料垃圾负有责任，并强调了在全国范围内和全球范围内通过政策层面减少塑料和微塑料的重要性。由此推知，相关法规对控制塑料使用至关重要。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。GraffitiandStreetArtPeoplehavebeenpaintingandwritingonwallsthroughouthistory.Inprehistorictimes,peopleinAfricaandEuropeusedtopaintpicturesofanimalsandpeopleincaves.36.IntheRomantownofPompeii,archaeologistshavefoundnumerousexamplesofgraffitiwritteninLatin.Theseincludereligious,politicalandromanticmessages,andevensomemagicspells.Inthelatetwentiethcentury,graffitiandstreetartbecameaninternationalphenomenon.Inthe1970s,youngpeopleinNewYorkusedpenstowritetheirnames,or“tags”,onwallsaroundthecity.OneofthefirsttaggerswasDemetrius.Atfirst,hewrotehistagonwallsinhisneighborhood.Thenhestartedtagginginsubwaystationsonthewaytoandfromschool.Whenthesubwaytrainstoppedatastation,hewouldjumpoff,writehistagonthewallandthenjumpbackonbeforethedoorsclosed.Other