现代汉语语音特征考察试题及答案

现代汉语语音特征考察试题及答案姓名：____________________

一、单项选择题（每题2分，共10题）

1.下列词语中，不属于汉语语音特征的是：

A.四声

B.声母

C.前鼻韵母

D.句读

2.汉语语音的声母共有多少个？

A.21个

B.22个

C.23个

D.24个

3.下列词语中，不属于四声调类的是：

A.高平

B.高升

C.高降

D.中平

4.下列哪个音节是双声？

A.máo

B.nián

C.huá

D.shí

5.下列词语中，声调标注错误的是：

A.北京（běíjīng）

B.山水（shānshuǐ）

C.丰收（fēngshōng）

D.舞蹈（wǔdǎo）

6.下列哪个词语属于前鼻韵母？

A.天空

B.花开

C.小草

D.山峰

7.下列哪个音节是轻声？

A.你好

B.他们

C.看见

D.吃饭

8.下列哪个词语是叠韵？

A.风光

B.美丽

C.花香

D.丰收

9.下列哪个词语是叠音？

A.风光

B.美丽

C.花香

D.蜜蜂

10.下列哪个词语是儿化音？

A.花朵

B.蜜蜂

C.花开

D.蜜桃

二、填空题（每空1分，共5题）

1.汉语语音的四个声调分别为：______、______、______、______。

2.汉语语音的声母共有______个，分别为：______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______。

3.汉语语音的韵母共有______个，分为______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、____

二、多项选择题（每题3分，共10题）

1.下列哪些属于汉语语音的声母：

A.b

B.m

C.d

D.g

E.zh

F.ch

G.sh

H.r

I.z

J.c

2.下列哪些属于汉语语音的韵母：

A.a

B.e

C.i

D.o

E.u

F.ü

G.ai

H.ei

I.ao

J.ou

3.下列哪些词语属于四声：

A.shàn

B.bèi

C.zhǎng

D.shēng

E.mǎo

F.nián

G.huá

H.shí

I.fēng

J.shuǐ

4.下列哪些词语中包含儿化音：

A.花朵

B.蜜蜂

C.花开

D.蜜桃

E.小鸟

F.水珠

G.小狗

H.雪球

I.小鱼

J.草莓

5.下列哪些词语属于双声：

A.máo

B.nián

C.huá

D.shí

E.yīng

F.yuè

G.yǎn

H.yīn

I.yǒu

J.yù

6.下列哪些词语属于叠韵：

A.风光

B.美丽

C.花香

D.丰收

E.河流

F.海洋

G.星空

H.山峰

I.雨点

J.雪花

7.下列哪些词语属于叠音：

A.风光

B.美丽

C.花香

D.蜜蜂

E.小草

F.蜜桃

G.雪球

H.小狗

I.水珠

J.星空

8.下列哪些词语属于前鼻韵母：

A.天空

B.花开

C.小草

D.山峰

E.丰收

F.麦田

G.河流

H.海洋

I.星空

J.雪花

9.下列哪些词语属于后鼻韵母：

A.火车

B.飞机

C.书包

D.钥匙

E.袜子

F.手套

G.眼镜

H.鞋子

I.耳朵

J.嘴巴

10.下列哪些词语中包含轻声：

A.你好

B.他们

C.看见

D.吃饭

E.行走

F.坐下

G.拿起

H.放下

I.走开

J.来到

三、判断题（每题2分，共10题）

1.汉语的声调是汉语音节中最重要的区别特征。（）

2.汉语普通话共有四个声调，分别是阴平、阳平、上声和去声。（）

3.汉语的声母共有21个，其中辅音声母有19个，元音声母有2个。（）

4.汉语的韵母共有39个，包括单韵母、复韵母和鼻韵母。（）

5.儿化音是汉语中特有的音变现象，通常出现在韵母后面加上一个“儿”字。（）

6.双声是指一个音节中同时包含两个声母的现象。（）

7.叠韵是指一个音节中两个音节的声母相同的现象。（）

8.前鼻韵母和后鼻韵母的区别在于韵尾的发音部位。（）

9.汉语的轻声是一种特殊的声调，它不改变原有的声调。（）

10.汉语中的音节结构是固定的，每个音节都由声母、韵母和声调组成。（）

四、简答题（每题5分，共6题）

1.简述汉语语音的四个声调及其特点。

2.解释什么是声母，并列举汉语普通话中的21个声母。

3.简要说明韵母的分类及其在汉语语音中的作用。

4.举例说明什么是儿化音，并解释其产生的原因。

5.解释什么是双声和叠韵，并举例说明。

6.比较前鼻韵母和后鼻韵母的发音特点，并举例说明。

试卷答案如下

一、单项选择题

1.D

解析思