Unit 5 知识点与语法梳理精练（原卷版）

知识清单专题05【知识串讲】必修三Unit5知识点与语法梳理精练知识清单confirmv.证实，证明【教材原句】ThefirstpeopleconfirmedtohavereachedthetopwereEdmundHillaryandTenzingNorgayin1953.第一批被证实登上顶峰的人是在1953年登上去的埃德蒙·希拉里和丹增·诺尔盖。confirm＋sth./that从句/wh­从句(尤指通过提供更多证据)证实beconfirmedbysb.被某人认可Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...据证实…，已经确认…confirmsb.in(belief/opinion/view)使某人确信信念/意见/观点crowdn.人群v．拥挤，聚集【教材原句】Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldincludecrowds,discomfortanddanger.去年，数以百计的人在一种他们知道会有拥挤、不适和危险的体验上花了很多钱。acrowdof(crowdsof)一群(成群)… inthecrowd在人群里crowdintoone'smind涌入某人的脑海 crowdin(onsb.)(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满的；充满的 becrowdedwith挤满…；充满着…ofocus使……成为焦点【教材原句】Itbringsintofocuswhat'simportanttoyou.它会让你关注对你来说重要的事情。bring/throwsth.intofocus使某物明朗化；使某物突出comeintofocus成为焦点 thefocusofattention关注的焦点bein/outoffocus焦点对准(没有对准) focuson/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于focusone'sattention/thoughts/mind/eyeson...集中注意力/思想/心思/目光于……attemptn./v.努力，尝试successn.成功；成功的人或事failuren.失败；失败的人或事【教材原句】WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure...大多数攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试要么完全成功，要么失败……attempttodosth.尝试做某事 makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.试图做某事atthefirstattempt第一次尝试succeedv.成功，达成；达到目的 succeedindoingsth.成功做某事successfuladj.成功的 successfulin(doing)sth.成功做某事successfullyadv.成功地failv.失败 failtodo没能做某事referto...as...把…称为…thrilln.惊险，刺激【教材原句】Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”，withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”．他把这些人的性格称为“T”型，其中“T”代表“刺激”。referto提及，谈到；参考，查阅；涉及，与…有关；指的是referencen.提及；参考；查阅 referencebook参考书;工具书It'sathrilltodosth.因做某事而激动 athrillofdoingsth.因做某事而激动athrillofsth.一阵强烈的感觉thrilledadj.非常兴奋的 thrillingadj.惊险的，扣人心弦的thrillern.惊险小说turnaround转身，翻转【教材原句】Thereareathousandreasonstoturnaroundandonlyonetokeepgoing.有一千个理由转身，继续前行的只有一个。turndown调低；拒绝 turnup开大；调大；出现turnout结果是；证明是；生产；出现；在场turnto求助于；翻到(某页) turnone'sbackto背对；背弃；对……置之不理figureout计算出；理解，弄明白【教材原句】Itforcesyoutolookdeepinsideyourselfandfigureoutifyoureallyhavethephysical,aswellasmental,toughnesstopushwhenyouwanttostop.它迫使你审视自己的内心深处，弄清楚当你想停下来的时候，你是否真的有足够的体力、脑力和韧性去推动它。 carryout执行，实施 dieout灭绝，消失workout计算出；制定；锻炼；解决 breakout爆发beupto取决于;胜任;忙于;多达【教材原句】It’stotallyuptoyou.这完全取决于你。 It’suptoyou.取决于你，由你决定 uptonow迄今为止uptodate 最新的;时髦的;现代的 up-to-dateadj. 最新的;时髦的;现代的unawareadj.未觉察到的，未意识到的【教材原句】Atfirst,theseawascalmandwespentourdaysworking,fishingandplayingcards,happilyunawarethatwewouldn'tbebackforaverylongtime.起初，大海是平静的，我们整天都在高兴地工作、钓鱼和打牌，没有意识到我们要很长时间才能回来。 beunawareofsth.没有意识到某事 beunawarethat… 没有意识到… unawarenessn.无意识，不知道 awareadj.知道的，意识到的 beawareof知道，意识到 awarenessn.知道；意识，认识putup举起；搭建；张贴；（提供）住宿；提供；提出；提高【教材原句】Didyouputupthetent?你搭建帐篷了吗?putaside把…放在一边；储存…备用 putaway收拾好，放好putdown记下；放下；镇压 putforward提出；拿出putoff推迟，延期 putout扑灭；出版putthrough接通电话；完成；使经受 putupwith容忍，忍受onceadv.一旦；一次；曾经，一度；从前【教材原句】Oncethewoundiscleanedanddry,coveritwithabandage.一旦伤口清洁、干燥，就用绷带包扎。 allatonce突然 atonce 马上,立刻;同时onceandforall一劳永逸地;彻底地 onceortwice 一两次;几次onceuponatime从前 onceagain/more再一次onceandagain 一再，再三 onceinawhile有时,间或,偶尔ifnecessary如果需要的话【教材原句】Gotohospitalifnecessary.必要时去医院。 ifever如果有过/发生过的话 ifany如果有的话ifpossible如果有可能 ifso如果这样的话ifnot如果不；不然的话injuryn.伤，损害【教材原句】...butthreefriendsgotinjured.但是三个朋友受伤了。doaninjurytosb.伤害某人 beaninjury/injuriestosb./sth.是对某人/某物的伤害injurev.(尤指在事故中)使受伤；损害，伤害(名誉、自尊等)injuredadj.受伤的，有伤的beknownas作为…而出名；被称为；被认为是【教材原句】Althoughregardedasthemostdangerousroadinthecountry,itisalsoknownasthe“heavenlyroad”foritsamazingviewsandtherawbeautyofthelandscape.虽然被认为是全国最危险的道路,但它也因其惊人的景观和风景的原始美而被称为“天路”。 beknown/famousfor因/以…而闻名/出名 beknownto为…所熟知 befamousas 作为…而出名viewn.风景；视野；观点，见解v.观看；注视；考虑【教材原句】Theviewswerefantastic!景色太美了！ comeintoview进入视野；看得见 inviewof由于;鉴于;考虑到inone’sview/opinion在某人看来；依某人的看法view...as...把…看作…graduallyadv.逐渐地，逐步地【教材原句】Beyondthatthecoloursdarkenedintofineshadesofdeepblue,andgraduallydisappeared.在更远处，光线变暗成深蓝色的细微色调并逐渐消失了。gradualchange逐渐变化 agradualchangeinclimate气候的逐渐变化agradualprocess一个循序渐进的过程 agradualincrease逐渐增长chargen./v.主管；负责；控告；掌管；费用；电荷【教材原句】Theyarecapturedandtakeninsidethesubmarine,wheretheymeetthemanincharge,CaptainNemo.他们被捕获并带进了潜水艇，在那里他们遇到了负责人尼摩船长。freeofcharge＝forfree免费in/underthechargeof...在……掌管之下；由……照料inchargeof...掌管…；负责…(表状态) takechargeof...掌管…；负责…(表动作)chargesb.somemoneyforsth.因某事向某人收取……的费用chargesb.withdoing＝accusesb.ofdoing指控某人犯…罪bechargedwith...被控告aheadof在…前面；提前；领先；胜过【教材原句】Aheadofitstime,thesubmarineisalsoasecretfromtherestoftheworld.因为领先于它所处的时代，潜水艇对世界其他地方来说还是一个秘密。aheadoftime提前 goahead说吧，做吧，干吧；继续pushaheadwith努力推进 gorightahead直接说吧permitv.允许，准许，许可n．许可证【教材原句】Inordertokeepthissecret,CaptainNemotellshisthreenewestpassengersthattheyarenotpermittedtoleavethesubmarine.为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诉他的三个新乘客，他们不准离开潜水艇。permitsb.sth.允许某人某事 permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事permitdoingsth.允许做某事permissionn.允许，许可with/withoutone'spermission在某人的许可下/未经某人的许可askfor/getone'spermission请求/获得某人的允许adaptv.改编；使适应【教材原句】Inthispartadaptedfromachapterofthebook,Aronnaxdescribestheexperienceofwalkingontheseabed...在这一部分改编自该书的一章,阿伦纳克斯描述了在海床上行走的经历… adapt(oneself)to使…适应于… adaptsth.from 根据…改编某物adapt...for 为…而改写/改编adaptableadj. 能适应的；可修改的 adaptationn.适应;改编;改写本whileconj.当…时；而，然而；虽然，尽管【教材原句】WhileNedLandcanthinkonlyofescaping,AronnaxandConseilarefascinatedbytheiradventuresinthenewunderwaterworld.尼德兰只想着如何逃脱，而阿罗纳克斯和孔塞伊被水下的精彩历险所吸引。relatev.相联系，有关联；讲述【教材原句】Wordsarenotenoughtorelatesuchwonders！那次奇遇是语言无法描述的！relate...to...把…和…联系在一起 relatesth.tosb.向某人叙述/讲述某事relateto...和…有关联；理解relatedadj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的 berelatedto...和…有关的；和…有联系的relationn.关系 in/withrelationto关于relationshipn.关系，联系astonishv.使吃惊，使惊讶【教材原句】Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.阳光照亮了海面下三十英尺的地方，它的力量使我吃惊。Itastonishessb.that...令某人感到吃惊的是… Whatastonishessb.is...使某人吃惊的是…astonishedadj.吃惊的（修饰人） beastonishedat/by...对…感到惊讶beastonishedtodosth.做某事感到惊讶 beastonishedthat...对…感到惊讶astonishingadj.令人吃惊的（修饰物）astonishmentn.惊讶，吃惊 toone'sastonishment让某人感到惊讶的是inastonishment惊讶地distinguishv.辨别；看清，认出【教材原句】...andIclearlydistinguishedobjectsatadistanceofahundredandfiftyyards.我能清楚地认出在一百五十码远的物体。distinguishbetween...and...区分/辨别…和… distinguish...from...使…有别于…distinguishoneself(as...)(作为……)表现突出 distinguishoneselfby...某人因…而突出distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 bedistinguishedfor...因…而出名surroundv.环绕，围绕【教材原句】TrulythiswaterwhichsurroundedmewasbutanotherairheavierthantheEarth'satmosphere,butalmostasclear.事实上，我周围的这片海水不过是比地球的大气层还重的另一种空气，但几乎同样清澈。surroundsb./sth.withsb./sth.使某人/物包围某人/物besurroundedby/with...被…包围surroundingadj.周围的 surroundingsn.环境makesense有道理；可以理解，讲得通【教材原句】Thenthinkaboutwhatotherwordswouldmakesenseinthesentence.然后想想还有什么其他的词可以在这个句子中讲得通。asenseofhumour/security/direction/fear幽默感/安全感/方向感/恐惧感themoralsense道德观念 asixthsense第六感觉，第六感官commonsense 常识 makesenseof 弄懂，理解ina/onesense 在某种意义上 innosense 决不thereisnosensein(doing)sth.(做)某事毫无意义

语法清单语法清单过去将来时定义：过去将来时主要用于表示过去某个时候即将发生的动作或存在的状态。结构：would(not)dowas/were(not)goingtodowas/were(not)abouttodowas/were(not)todowas/were(not)doing（非延续动词）用法：一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。Hesaidhewouldnevergothereagain.用于虚拟语气中。IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.

单元过关单元过关根据首字母或中文提示完成句子。1．（2023秋·吉林·高一校联考期末）His__________(失败)toreturnherphonecallmadeherrealizethatsomethingwaswrong.2．（2023秋·广东广州·高一广州市第二中学校考期末）Thefiguresareauseful________(指引，指导)whenbuyingahouse.3．（2023秋·广东广州·高一广州市第二中学校考期末）Ithasbeen________(确认)thatthemeetingwilltakeplacenextweek.4．（2023秋·广东佛山·高一统考期末）Thepolice________(包围)thekillersohecouldn’trunaway.5．（2023·山东菏泽·高一统考期末）WhydidtheEgyptiangovernmentwanttoa______(尝试)thebuildingofthedam.6．（2022春·广西南宁·高一南宁三十六中校考期末）Theoldwomanhasg______(逐渐)recoveredfromherinjury.7．（2023秋·广东广州·高一广州市第二中学校考期末）Thebuildingworkwillgoahead,despiteprotestsfromlocalr________.8．（2023秋·山东临沂·高一临沂第四中学校考期末）Fallingfromahorse,thefilmstarsufferedseveralneckandlegi_________.9．（2022春·天津·高一校联考期末）Studentsarenotp__________tosmokeordrink.10．（2022春·江苏常州·高一统考期末）EquallyimpressiveisLiBai’sfreeexpressionofstrongfeelings,whichd________himfromotherlandscapepoets.用单词的适当形式完成句子1．（2023秋·江苏盐城·高一统考期末）Hepromisedmeifwewonthegame,he______(buy)usaroundofdrinks．2．（2023秋·江苏淮安·高一统考期末）WhenNadiminvitedmetohissister’swedding,Iknewit_________(will)betheopportunityofalifetime.3．（2023秋·吉林长春·高一长春市第六中学校考期末）Theonlytrue________(fail)isnottotry,becauseyoureffortinitselfisasuccess.4．（2023秋·北京·高一北京市十一学校校考期末）Tomwasnotsurehowhisparents_____(react)tohisdecision.5．（2023秋·新疆乌鲁木齐·高一校考期末）His_________(injure)inthefootballmatchwasslight.6．（2022春·黑龙江哈尔滨·高一哈尔滨市第三十二中学校校考期末）________(surround)byariver,theparkhadacentralpondwithflowersfloatinginit.7．（2022春·四川成都·高一校考期末）________(aware)thatthemushroomswerepoisonous,shepickedsomefordinner,whichcausedherfather’sdeath.8．（2022春·黑龙江双鸭山·高一双鸭山一中校考期末）Miketoldmethathe________(visit)theDisneylandthenextday.9．（2022春·黑龙江牡丹江·高一牡丹江市第二高级中学校考期末）Travel______(broad)yourmindandleavesyougoodmemories.10．（2022春·山东济宁·高一统考期末）Thoughnolife________(confirm)onMarssofar,scientistsarehopefulit’sjusthiding.三、单项选择1．（2023秋·广东深圳·高一统考期末）Thefamousscientistsaidthatshe______tohermotherlandsoon.A．hadreturned B．hasreturned C．wouldreturn D．willreturn2．（2023秋·上海·高一复旦附中校考期末）Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforemaybemadetofilleverygapwithconversation.A．approach B．adjustment C．accomplishment D．attempt3．（2023秋·广东深圳·高一统考期末）Theoldmanwasveryhappywhenhe______bythelovelykids.A．issurrounded B．wassurrounded C．wouldbesurrounded D．hadsurrounded4．（2022春·北京·高一北京师大附中校考期末）Toleadagreenlife,remembernottoleavethelightonwhenyougoout.Additionally,LEDlightscanbeabetterchoiceasthey________verylesspower.A．consume B．assume C．resolve D．converse5．（2022春·北京·高一北京师大附中校考期末）Allentrancestothenationalparkare________closedduetothedangerousfloodingcausedbytherecentheavyrain.A．annually B．gradually C．initially D．temporarily6．（2022春·黑龙江哈尔滨·高一哈尔滨三中校考期末）Incomputing,ifyou______afiletoamessagethatyousendtosomeone,yousenditwiththemessage.A．tie B．relate C．connect D．attach7．（2022春·广东江门·高一统考期末）Johntoldhismotherhe________itout