建筑结构专业词汇2

STRUCTURE结构专业

a.Load荷载

拔力pullingforce

标准值standardvalue

残余应力residualstress

冲击荷载impactload,punchload

残余变形residualdeflection

承压bearing

承载能力bearingcapacity

承重bearing,loadbearing

承重结构bearingstructure

脆性材料brittlematerial

脆性破坏brittlefailure

抵抗力resistingpower,resistance

吊车荷载craneload

分布荷载distributedload

风荷载windload

风速windvelocity,windspeed

风压windpressure

风振windvibration

浮力buoyance,floatage

符号symbol,mark

负弯矩negativemoment,hoggingmoment

附加荷载additionalload

附加应力additionalstress

副作用sideeffect,by-effect

刚度rigidity

刚度比ratioofrigidity

刚度系数rigidityfactor

刚接rigidconnection

刚性节点rigidjoint

恒载deadload

荷载传递transmissionofload

固端弯矩fixed-endmoment

活荷载liveload

积灰荷载dustload

集中荷载concentratedload

加载,加荷loading

剪力shear,shearingforce

剪切破坏shearfailure

剪应变shearstrain

剪应力shearstress

简支simplesupport

静定结构staticallydeterminatestructure

截面模量modulusofsection,

sectionmodulus

静力staticforce

静力分析staticanalysis

局部压力localpressure,partialpressure

局部压屈localbulkling

绝对值absolutevalue

均布荷载uniformlydistributedload

抗拔力pullingresistance

抗剪刚度shearrigidity

抗剪强度shearstrength,shearingstrength

抗拉强度tensilestrength

抗扭torsionresistance

抗扭刚度torsionalrigidity

抗弯bendingresistance

抗弯刚度bendingrigidity

抗压强度compressivestrength,

compressionstrength

可靠性reliability

可靠性设计reliabilitydesign

拉力tensileforce

拉应力tensilestress,tensionstress

拉应变tensilestrain,tensionstrain

临界点criticalpoint

临界荷载criticalload

临界应力criticalstress

密度density

离心力centrifugalforce

摩擦力frictionforce

摩擦系数frictionalfactor

挠度deflection

内力internalforce,innerforce

扭矩momentoftorsion,torsionalmoment

疲劳强度fatiguestrength

偏心荷载eccentricload,non-centralload

偏心距eccentricdistance,eccentricity

偏心受拉eccentrictension

偏心受压eccentriccompression

屈服强度yieldstrength

使用荷载workingload

水平力horizontalforce

水平推力horizontalthrust

弹塑性变形elastoplasticdeformation

弹性elasticity,resilience,spring

塑限plasticlimit

弹性变形elasticdeformation

塑性变形plasticdeformation

弹性模量modulusofelastic,

elasticmodulus

体积volume,bulk,cubature,cubage

土压力earthpressure,soilpressure

弯矩bendingmoment,moment

弯曲半径radiusatbent,radiusofcurve

位移displacement

温度应力temperaturestress

温度作用temperatureaction

系数coefficient,factor

雪荷载snowload

压应变compressionstrain

压应力compressionstress

应力集中concentrationofstress

预应力prestressingforce,prestress

振动荷载vibratingload,rackingload

支座反力supportreaction

自重ownweight

作用action,effect

作用点pointofapplication,applicationjoint

b.GroundBaseandFoundation

地基及基础

板桩sheetpile,sheetingpile

板桩基础sheetpilefoundation

饱和粘土saturationclay

冰冻线frostline,freezinglevel

不均匀沉降

unequalsettlement,differentialsettlement

残积土residualsoil

沉积物deposit,sediment

沉降settlement

沉降差differenceinsettlement

沉降缝settlementjoint

沉井sinkingwell,sunkwell

沉箱caisson

持力层bearingstratum

冲积alluviation

锤夯hammertamping

档土墙retainingwall,breastwall

底板baseslab,baseplate,bedplate

地板floorboard

地基groundbase,ground

地基承载力groundbearingcapacity

地基处理groundtreatment,soiltreatment

地基稳定basestabilization

地梁groundbeam,groundsill

地漏floordrain

地下工程substructurework,

understructurework

地下室basement,cellar

地下水groundwater

地下水位groundwaterlevel,watertable

地下水压力groundwaterpressure

地质报告geologicreport

垫层bedding,blinding

独立基础

isolatedfoundation,individualfoundation

端承桩end-bearingpile

筏式基础raftfoundation

粉砂silt,rockflour

粉质粘土siltyclay

粉质土siltysoil

扶壁式档土墙buttressedretainingwall

腐蚀corrosion

覆土earthcovering

刚性基础rigidfoundation

沟盖板trenchcover

固结consolidation

灌注桩cast-in-placepile,castinsitepile

护坡slopeprotection,revetment

护桩guardpile

环墙ringwall

灰土limeearth

回填backfill,backfilling

回填土backfill,backfillsoil

混凝土找平层concretescreed

火山灰水泥trasscement

基槽foundationtrench

基础foundation,base

基础底板foundationslab

基础埋深embeddeddepthoffoundation

基础平面图foundationplan

地基勘探siteexploration,siteinvestigation

基坑foundationpit

集水坑collectingsump

阶形基础steppedfoundation

结合层bindingcourse,bondingcourse

井点wellpoint

井点排水wellpointunwatering

开挖excavation,cutting

勘测explorationandsurvey

勘测资料explorationdata

沥青bitumen,asphalt,pitch

联合基础combinedfoundation

卵石cobble,pebble

埋置embedment

毛石基础rubblefoundation

锚筋anchorbar

锚桩anchorpile

密实度compactness,density,denseness

摩擦桩frictionpile,floatingpile

粘土clay

粘质粉土claysilt

碾压rollercompaction,rolling

排水drainage,dewatering

排水沟drainageditch

排水孔weephole,drainhole

排水设备dewateringequipment

普通硅酸盐水泥ordinaryPortlandcement

群桩groupedpiles

容许沉降permissiblesettlement

容许承载力allowablebearing

软土softsoil

砂垫层sandbeddingcourse,sandcushion

砂土sandysoil,sands

砂质粉土sandysilt

设备基础equipmentfoundation

水泥搅拌桩cementinjection

素土夯实rammedearth,packedsoil

碎石桩stonecolumns

弹性地基elasticfoundation

弹性地基梁beamonelasticfoundation

填方fill,filling

填土earth-fill,earthfilling,filling

条形基础stripfoundation

土方工程earthwork

挖方excavationwork,excavation

箱形基础boxfoundation

压实compaction,compacting

压实系数compactingfactor

验槽checkoffoundationsubsoil

预制混凝土桩precastconcretepile

中砂mediumsand

重力式档土墙gravityretainingwall

桩承台pilecap

钻孔桩boredpile

钻探explorationdrilling,drilling,

最终沉降finalsettlement

c.ReinforcementConcreteStructure钢筋混凝土结构

板缝slabjoint

板厚thicknessofslab

板式楼梯crankedslabstairs

板跨度spanofslab

薄壁结构thin-walledstructure

薄腹梁thinweddedgirder

保护层protectivecoating

臂式吊车boomcrane,boomhoist

边梁edgebeam,boundarybeam

变截面variablecross-section

变形缝movementjoint

变形钢筋deformedbar

初凝initialsetting,pre-setting

次梁secondarybeam

大型屋面板precastribbedroofslab

单层厂房one-storiedfactory

单筋梁beamwithsinglereinforcement

单跨singlespan

单向板one-wayslab

垫块cushionblock

垫梁templatebeam

吊车梁cranebeam,cranegirder

顶棚抹灰ceilingplastering

端跨endspan,tailbay

多跨连续梁multi-spanbeam

翻边upstand

反梁upstandbeam

分布钢筋distribution-bar

封闭式箍筋closedstirrup

附加钢筋additionalbar

刚架rigidframe,stiffframe

钢筋reinforcement,steelbar,bar

钢筋表BarSchedules

钢筋笼steelreinforcementcage

钢筋间距spacingofbars,barspacing

钢筋网bar-matreinforcement,

meshreinforcement

钢筋砖reinforcedbrick

勾缝jointpointing

构架frame,gallows

构件member,structuralmember

构造construction

构造钢筋constructionalreinforcement

构造柱onstructionalcolumn,tiecolumn

构筑物structure

箍筋hoopreinforcement,hooping

箍筋间距stirrupspacing

固定端fixedend,retainedend

固端梁fixed-endbeam,fixedbeam

过梁lintel,breastsummer

混凝土强度等级gradeofconcrete

机制砖machine-madebrick

剪力墙shearwall

简支梁simplysupportedbeam

经济跨度economicspan

经济配筋率economicratioofreinforcement

劲性钢筋stiffreinforcement

劲性钢筋混凝土结构

steelcompositeconstruction

径向钢筋radialreinforcement

抗剪钢筋shearreinforcement

抗拉钢筋tensionreinforcement

受压钢筋compressionreinforcement

可见裂缝visiblecrack

刻痕钢丝indentedsteelwire

坑pit,hollow,delve

空斗墙rowlockcavitywall,rolockwall

空心板hollowslab

空心砖隔墙hollowtilepartition

跨度span

框架frame

框架剪力墙结构frame-shearwallstructure

拉接钢筋tiebar

栏杆railing,banister

栏杆立柱railingpost

老化aging

累积误差accumulatederror

肋形楼板ribbedfloorslab

冷拔低碳钢丝cold-drawnlow-carbonwire

冷脆性coldshortness,coolingbrittleness

冷弯coldbending

冷轧coldrolling

离析segregation

梁垫beampad,template,pad

梁挠度beamdeflection

楼梯斜梁string,stringer

螺旋楼梯spiralstair,windingstaircase

马鞍形壳saddleshell

锚固anchoring

门框,门樘doorframe

门式刚架portalframe

面砖,墙面砖facingtile,walltile

耐火混凝土fire-resistingconcrete

排架bent,bentframe

女儿墙parapetwall,parapet

配筋率reinforcementratio

配箍率stirrupratio

砌块block

圈梁ringbeam,tiebeam,bondbeam

山墙gable

深梁deepbeam

伸缩缝expansionjoint

实腹梁solidwebgirder

实腹柱solidwebcolumn

竖向钢筋verticalreinforcement

双向配筋two-wayreinforcement

素混凝土plainconcrete

筒中筒结构tube-in-tubestructure

网状钢筋steelmeshreinforcement

围堰cofferdam,coffer

无梁楼盖flatslab,flatplate系梁tiebeam

预应力钢筋混凝土

prestressedreinforcedconcrete

预应力构件prestressedcomponent

预制prefabrication

预制板precastslab

预制构件prefabricationcomponent

预制装配式结构prefabricatedconstruction

折板foldedplate,foldedslab

折板结构folded-platestructure

主筋mainreinforcement,mainbar

主梁mainbeam,girder

柱距columnspacing,postspacing

装配式结构fabricatedstructure

纵梁longitudinalbeam

纵剖面longitudinalsection

纵向钢筋longitudinalbar

d.SteelStructure钢结构

薄壁型钢light-gaugesteelsection,

hollowsteelsection

不等肢角钢unequalanglesteel

槽钢channel,channelsteel

背对背角钢组合anglesbacktoback

不锈钢stainlesssteel

除锈rust-removal

粗制螺栓roughbolt,blackbolt

带钢stripsteel,bandiron

单面焊singleweld,one-sidewelding

地脚螺栓foundationbolt,anchorbolt,

holdingdownbolt

点焊spotwelding,pointwelding

电动葫芦electrichoist

等边角钢equalangle,equallegangle

对接焊,对焊buttwelding

腹板webplate,web

腹杆webmember

腹板加劲件webstiffener

杆rod,bar

钢板steelplate

钢管steeltube,steelpipe

钢桁架steeltruss

钢框架steelframe

钢梯,爬梯steelladder

高强度螺栓highstrengthbolt

格构柱latticecolumn

工字梁I-girder,I-beam

工字钢I-steel

工字形截面I-shapedcross-section

焊缝weldingseam

焊接welding

焊接长度weldlength

焊条weldingrod

桁架truss

红丹底漆redleadprimer

红丹漆redleadpaint

加劲肋stiffeningrib,ribstiffener

加劲板stiffeningplate

角钢anglesteel

节点joint,node

节点板gussetplate,gusset

节点位移jointdisplacement

节间长度panellength

紧固螺栓clampbolt,fasteningbolt

精制螺栓turnedbolt

可焊性weldability

空腹桁架open-webtruss

空间桁架spacetruss

肋板ribbedpanel,ribbedslab

连接板connectingplate,jointplate

檩条purline

螺母screwnut,nut

螺栓bolt

螺栓孔bolthole

螺纹screwthread,thread

螺纹长度lengthofthread

螺纹钢screw-threadedsteel,twistedsteel

拉杆tierod,tensionrod

满焊fullweld

铆钉rivet

锰钢manganesesteel

喷砂sandblasting

轻钢结构lightweightsteelconstruction

三角架tripod

上弦topchord,upperchord

上弦横向水平支撑upperlateralbracing

上弦纵向水平支撑upperlongitudinalbracing

平面桁架planetruss

实腹刚架solidwebrigidframe

塔架pylonbent

特种钢specialsteel

调和漆mixedpaint

贴角焊filletweld,filletwelding

托架bracket

网架结构gridstructure

屋架rooftruss,principal

无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe

系杆tierod,tiebar,tie

下弦bottomchord,lowerchord

下弦横向水平支撑bottomlateralbracing

斜撑diagonalbrace,diagonalbracing

型钢sectionsteel,shapedsteel

悬索suspendedcable,suspensioncable

压力焊pressurewelding

仰焊overheadwelding,invertedwelding

翼缘flange

翼缘板flangeplate,coverplate

轧制型钢rolledsteelsection

支撑bracing,strutting

铸铁管castironpipe

组合槽钢built-upchannel

组合截面built-upsection,compoundsection

自动焊接automaticwelding

e.DesignforAntiseismic抗震设计

鞭梢效应whippingeffect

场地类别siteclassification

场地土sitesoil

单自由度体系single-degreeoffreedomsystem

底部剪力法equivalentbaseshearmethod

地震earthquake,seism

地震烈度earthquakeintensity,seismicintensity

地震烈度区划图mapofseismicintensityzoning

地震影响系数seismicinfluencecoefficient

地震作用earthquakeaction

多自由度体系multi-degreeoffreedomsystem

反应谱responsespectrum

抗震earthquakeresistance

抗震缝seismicjoint,aseismicjoint

抗震构造aseismicconstruction

抗震设防earthquakefortification

抗震设计seismicdesign

共振resonance

基本周期foundamentalperiod

里氏震级Richtermagnitude

烈度intensity

设计近震designnearearthquake

设计远震designfarearthquake

时程分析法timehistorymethod

液化liquefaction

振型vibrationmode

振型分解法modalanalysismethod

震源earthquakefocus

震中earthquakeepicenter

自由度degreeoffreedom

自振周期naturalperiodofvibration

f.GeneralWordsforDesign

设计常用词汇

安装installation,erection

报价offer,quotedprice

报价单quotation

壁柱pilaster,muralcolumn

变更alteration,variation,modification

变形deformation

标高elevation,level

标准standard,criterion

标准大样standarddetail

标准图standarddrawing

补充规定additionalregulations

补充说明additionalremarks

补充条件supplementaryconditions

不对称asymmetry

布置arrangement,layout

布置图layoutplan,layout

材料material

材料表billofmaterials

材料强度strengthofmaterials

参见详图referringtodetaildrawing

参考点referencepoint

参数parameter

操作平台operatingplatform

草图sketch,draft,roughdrawing

侧向刚度lateralrigidity

侧向稳定lateralstability

侧向约束lateralrestraint

侧向支撑lateralbracing,sidebracing

拆除demolition,removal

长细比slendernessratio

厂房factorybuilding,millbuilding

超静定staticalindetermination

承包contract

承包商contractor

等效截面equivalentsection

底标高bottomelevation

电梯lift,elevator,electriclift

电梯井elevatorhoistway,liftwell,liftshaft

电梯机房elevatormachineroom

方案scheme,plan,programme

方案设计schematicplan

方案图schematicdrawing

防爆explosionprotection,explosion-proofing

防潮层damp-proofcourse

防冻freezingprevention,frostprotection

防冻剂antifreezecompound

防腐preservation

防腐剂preservative,preservativeagent

防滑slip-resistance

防滑处理deslickingtreatment

防滑条non-slipinsert

防火fireprevention,fireproofing

防火材料fireproofmaterial

防火分区firecompartment

防水waterproofing

防水材料waterproofmaterial

防水砂浆waterproofmortar

防酸acidproofing

方形square

防锈rustprevention

防锈剂anti-rustagent

防振vibrationprotection

分配系数distributioncoefficient

风化weathering,efflorescence

风向winddirection

附图attacheddrawing

附注note,annotation

高层建筑high-risebuilding

高差differenceinelevation

高跨比ratioofrisetospan

高宽比depth-widthratio

高耸结构high-risestructure

隔断partition,divider

工程project,engineering

工程量quantities

工程量表billofquantities

工业厂房industrialfactorybuilding

工业建筑industrialarchitecture

公称直径nominaldiameter

公式formula

公司company,corporation

拱arch

共振resonance,sympatheticvibration

管架piperack

规范regulation,code

规格specifications,standards

规模scale,scope

国家规范nationalregulation

国家标准nationalstandards

合同contract

横向变形transversedeformation

横向刚度lateralrigidity

化工厂chemicalplant

货梯freightelevator,goodslift

极限承载能力ultimatebearingcapacity

纪要summary

计算书calculationsheet

技术资料technicaldata

剪刀撑,交叉撑X-brace,crossbrace

简图sketch,diagram

简支梁simplebeam

交叉intersection,crossing

交点intersectionpoint

铰接hingedconnection,hingejoint,pinconnection

结构变形structuraldeformation

结构图structuraldrawing

结构形式structuralstyle

结构稳定性structuralstability

结论conclusion,verdict

截面section

界限limits,bounds,demarcationline

紧急出口emergencyexit

精确度accuracy,precision,excatitude,

局部破坏localfailure,partialfailure

矩形rectangular

抗冻frostresisting

抗风柱windresistancecolumn

立面elevation,facade

粒径particlediameter

连续梁continuousbeam

两铰拱two-hingedarch

裂缝rift,crack,crevice

楼梯stair

楼梯间staircase

楼梯扶手stairrail

楼梯净空stairheadroom

楼梯平台,休息平台landing,pace,stairlanding

楼梯坡度pitchofstair,slopeofstair

楼梯踏步stairstep

铝合金aluminumalloy

铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow

民用建筑civilarchitecture

摩擦friction

耐火等级fireresistancerating

耐久性durability,endurance

爬梯catladder

疲劳破坏fatiguefailure

频率frequency

平面布置planlayout

平台terrace,platform,deck

平台栏杆platformrailing

剖面section

剖面图sectionaldrawing

侵蚀corrosion,erosion

倾覆overturning,toppling

人孔manhole

容许误差allowableerror,permissibleerror

容许值permissiblevalue,allowablevalue

晒图blueprinting

上部结构superstructure

设计要求designrequirements

设计资料designdata

伸缩缝expansionjoint

室外楼梯exteriorstair,outsidestairway

双向板two-wayslab

水平撑horizontalbrace

踏步step

踏步板tread

弹簧spring

填充材料fillingmaterial

填充墙fillerwall

挑板cantileverslab

挑檐projectingeaves,overhangeaves

停车场carpark,parkinglot

通用构件standardmember

通用图standarddrawing

通用详图standarddetail

统一标准unifiedstandards

统一构件unifiedstructureelement

投标bid,tender

招标bidding

图集collectivedrawings,collectionofdrawings

图签titleblock

温差temperaturedifference

稳定性stability,steadiness

污水处理sewagedisposal,sewagetreatment

先张法预应力pretensionedprestressing

现行标准currentlyeffectivestandards

详图,大样detaildrawing,detail

橡胶止水带rubberwaterstop

消防firefighting,fireprotection

斜率slope

卸荷unloading

卸货平台dischargingplatform,unloadingplatform

悬臂cantilever

悬臂板cantileverslab

悬臂梁cantileverbeam,overhangingbeam

悬挂hangingsuspension

压缩机compressor

压缩模量modulusofcompression

延性ductility,ductileness

业主client,owner

一览表table,schedule,list

有效截面effectivesection

预应力损失lossofprestress,prestressingloss

圆形circularshape,round

圆柱circularcolumn,roundcolumn

约束confinement,restraint,constraint

约束条件constraincondition

展开图developeddrawing

栈桥landingstage,loadingbridge

罩棚awning

折减系数reductionfactor

折算高度reducedheight

支座support,pedestal

直爬梯verticalladder

止水带waterstop

中和轴neutralaxis

重心centerofgravity

周期period,cycle

转弯半径turningradius

转动惯量rotationalinertia

装卸平台loadingandunloadingplatform

g.GeneralWordsforConstruction

施工常用词汇

拌和料mixture

标准级配standardgrading

补强strengthening,stiffening

测量survey,measurement

拆模formremoval

尺寸dimension,size

抄平leveling

处理treatment

搭接lapjoint,lapping,overlapjoint

搭接长度splicinglength

打底bedding,priming

打夯,夯实ramming,tamping

打桩piledriving,piling,driving

粗砂coarsesand

捣实rodding,tamping

地质勘测geologicalexploration,geologicalsurvey

吊装hoisting

定位locating,positioning

堆料区stackingarea

洞口opening

放大enlargement,amplification

放线settingout

放样lofting,settingout

分层夯实compactioninlayers

分层回填back-fillinginlayers

蜂窝麻面voidsandpits

改建reconstruction,alteration

改造transformation,remodeling

钢模steelmould

钢套管steelthimble,steelsleeve

工厂预制构件factory-madecomponent

骨料,集料aggregate

骨料级配gradationofaggregate

骨料粒径aggregatesize

贯入度penetration

灌浆grouting,groutjection

和易性workability

后张法post-tensioningmethod

含水量watercontent,moisturec