辽宁省名校联盟2025届高考模拟英语试卷押题英语试卷（一）（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省名校联盟2025届高考模拟卷押题卷英语（一）第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASanFranciscoBikeToursGoldenGateBridgetoSausalitoTourBeginninginSanFrancisco’sFisherman’sWharf(码头),youwillseesealionsandthemilitaryfort.BikeovertheGoldenGateBridgeforpricelessviewsofthearea’suniquelandformandskyline.Onceoverthe“InternationalOrange”,coastdownhillintosunnySausalito,whereyou’lltakeaferry(渡船)withyourbikeforaneasyridebacktothewharf.StreetsofSanFranciscoElectricBikeTourCyclearoundtheGiant’sOracleBallparkandhouseboats.BikeintotheculturallyrichMissionDistricttovisittheMuralAlleys.BythetimeyouparkyourbikesbackatFisherman’sWharf,you’llknowthecitylikethebackofyourhand.Thetourincludespost-tourbonusforbikerentalsofolkscanheadoutandvisittheGoldenGateBridge!CaliforniaSunsetTourPairthisprofessionally-guidedbiketourwithamorningbusforthefinaldayinSanFrancisco.RidethroughChrissyFieldandalongsideFortPointtothecity’sdiamond—theGoldenGateBridge.BikeoverthebridgeontheWest/Oceansideofthebridge,whichopensstrictlyforcyclistsstartingat3p.m.Crossthebridgeandride“theroadlesstraveled”toSanFrancisco’smust-seememorials.GoldenGateParkTourComeseewhyourcity’scyclistsloveGoldenGatePark.You’llseethebeautifulConservatoryofFlowers,Arboretum/BotanicalGardens,ShakespeareGardenandJapaneseTeaGardens.Onthewayback,you’llpassBisonpaddock,SpreckelsLakeandmore.Completethetourbyvisitingourclosestneighbors,CaliforniaAcademyofSciencesandtheDeYoung—twoworldclassmuseums.1.Whatdoesthefirstandsecondtourhaveincommon?A.Youcanseesomeseaanimals. B.Youcangetaninsightintothecity.C.Youcanrideallthewaybacktothewharf. D.YoucanrideovertheGoldenGateBridge.2.WhatcanyoudoinCaliforniaSunsetTour?A.Touraroundwell-knownvalleys. B.EnjoymemorialsinSanFrancisco.C.WalkoverGoldenGateBridgeat3:00p.m. D.Exploretwotopartmuseumsintheworld.3.Whichtourbestattractsculture-lovers?A.StreetsofSanFranciscoElectricBikeTour B.GoldenGateBridgetoSausalitoTourC.CaliforniaSunsetTour D.GoldenGateParkTour【答案】1.D2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了旧金山的四种自行车游览路线，分别描述了各条路线的特色和亮点。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据GoldenGateBridgetoSausalitoTour中的第二句“BikeovertheGoldenGateBridgeforpricelessviewsofthearea’suniquelandformandskyline.(骑自行车穿越金门大桥，欣赏该地区独特的地貌和天际线。)”和StreetsofSanFranciscoElectricBikeTour中的最后一句“Thetourincludespost-tourbonusforbikerentalsofolkscanheadoutandvisittheGoldenGateBridge!(此行程包含租车优惠，游客可自行前往金门大桥！)”可知，前两条路线都提到了金门大桥的骑行体验。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据CaliforniaSunsetTour中的最后一句“Crossthebridgeandride“theroadlesstraveled”toSanFrancisco’smust-seememorials.(穿过大桥，骑行“人迹罕至的小路”，前往旧金山的必看纪念馆。)”可知，加州日落行程的亮点之一是参观旧金山的纪念馆。故选B项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据GoldenGateParkTour中第二句“You’llseethebeautifulConservatoryofFlowers,Arboretum/BotanicalGardens,ShakespeareGardenandJapaneseTeaGardens.(您将看到美丽的花卉温室、植物园、莎士比亚花园和日本茶园。)”以及最后一句“Completethetourbyvisitingourclosestneighbors,CaliforniaAcademyofSciencesandtheDeYoung—twoworld-classmuseums.(行程结束时，您还可以参观附近的加州科学院和笛洋美术馆——两座世界级博物馆。)”可知，金门公园行程涵盖了丰富的文化景点，包括花园、博物馆等，因此最能吸引文化爱好者。故选D项。BHunginlayersofdenim(牛仔布),SadlinCharleswalksthecatwalkofsandbetweenpilesofthrown-awayclothesandtyresinChile’sAtacamadesert.Hisoutfithasbeenmadefromitemsfoundinthesurroundingpilesofrubbish,whicharesovastthattheycanbeseenfromspace.Eachyear,60,000tonnesofusedclothingareshippedtoChile,thethirdlargestimporterofsecondhandclothesintheworld.Someoftheseclothesareresold,butatleast39,000tonnesendsupbeingillegallydesertedintheAtacamadesert.Thedesertisoneofthecountry’smostpopulartouristdestinations,famedforitsother-worldlybeauty,butforthoselivingnearthedump(垃圾堆)sitesithasbecomeaplaceofdestruction.“Wearedescribedasoneofthedirtiestandugliestplacesintheworld.”saidAngelaAstudillo,co-founderofDesiertoVestido,anon-governmentalorganizationaimingtoraiseawarenessabouttheenvironmentalimpactofthewaste.HerorganizationteamedupwithFashionRevolutionBrazil,afashionactivistmovement,andArtplan,anadvertisingagency,toholdafashionshowtoraiseawarenessandillustratewhatcanbemadeoutofthewaste.Theycollecteditemsofclothingfromthedumps.Eachoutfitsymbolizesdifferenttypesofpollutionandtheimpactontheenvironment.ThegrayshirtthatCharlesmodelled-representsthepollutioncausedbyrampantclothingproductionwhilethebeltontheT-shirtrepresentstherestrictionsthisenvironmentalunfairnessplacesonthelivesofthepeopleinthearea.Localauthoritieshaveintroducedfinesof180,000pesos($190)forpeoplecaughtdumpingwasteinthedesert.Butonlyareasclosetowherepeoplelivearemonitored.Fewfinesareissuedandthedumpingcontinuesunchecked.Thecountryhasappliedthe“lawofextendedresponsibilityoftheproducer”,whichestablishesalegalframeworkforwastemanagement,whileholdingimportersresponsibleforthewastetheygenerate.However,itdoesnotyetincludeclothing.Meanwhile,theclotheskeepcomingandthewastekeepsbuilding.4.WhyisSadlinCharlesmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toofferbackgroundknowledge. B.Toleadinthethemeofthetext.C.Tointroduceauniquefashionshow. D.Tostatethepopularityoftheshow.5.WhathappenstomostoftheimportedusedclothesinChile?A.Theyaresoldatalowprice. B.Theyareexportedabroad.C.Theyareabandonedinthedesert. D.Theyaremadeintonewclothes.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rampant”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Unfinished. B.Unfashionable. C.Uninfluenced. D.Uncontrolled.7.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefutureofthedesert?A.Sympathetic. B.Uncertain. C.Optimistic. D.Concerned.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了智利的阿塔卡马沙漠被旧衣服所污染，分析了其污染情况以及解决措施。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Hunginlayersofdenim(牛仔布),SadlinCharleswalksthecatwalkofsandbetweenpilesofthrown-awayclothesandtyresinChile’sAtacamadesert.Hisoutfithasbeenmadefromitemsfoundinthesurroundingpilesofrubbish,whicharesovastthattheycanbeseenfromspace.(在智利的阿塔卡马沙漠，萨德林·查尔斯穿着一层层的牛仔布，在成堆的废弃衣服和轮胎之间走着沙地T台。他的服装是用从周围成堆的垃圾中找到的东西做成的，这些垃圾非常大，从太空都能看到。)”可知，第一段提到了萨德林·查尔斯是为了引出文章的主题。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Eachyear,60,000tonnesofusedclothingareshippedtoChile,thethirdlargestimporterofsecondhandclothesintheworld.Someoftheseclothesareresold,butatleast39,000tonnesendsupbeingillegallydesertedintheAtacamadesert.(每年有6万吨旧衣服运往智利，智利是世界上第三大二手衣服进口国。其中一些衣服被转卖，但至少有39000吨最终被非法遗弃在阿塔卡马沙漠。)”可知，在智利，大部分进口的旧衣服被遗弃在沙漠中。故选C。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Theycollecteditemsofclothingfromthedumps.Eachoutfitsymbolizesdifferenttypesofpollutionandtheimpactontheenvironment.(他们从垃圾堆里收集衣物。每件衣服都象征着不同类型的污染和对环境的影响。)”以及后文“whilethebeltontheT-shirtrepresentstherestrictionsthisenvironmentalunfairnessplacesonthelivesofthepeopleinthearea(而T恤上的腰带则代表了这种环境不公平对该地区人民生活的限制)”可知，每件衣服都象征着不同类型的污染和对环境的影响，说明灰色衬衫代表了不受控制的服装生产造成的污染，而T恤上的腰带则代表了这种环境不公平对该地区人民生活的限制。故划线词意思是“不受控制的”。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thecountryhasappliedthe“lawofextendedresponsibilityoftheproducer”,whichestablishesalegalframeworkforwastemanagement,whileholdingimportersresponsibleforthewastetheygenerate.However,itdoesnotyetincludeclothing.Meanwhile,theclotheskeepcomingandthewastekeepsbuilding.(该国实行了“生产者扩大责任法”，该法律建立了废物管理的法律框架，同时要求进口商对其产生的废物负责。然而，它还不包括服装。与此同时，衣服不断地来，垃圾不断地堆积。)”可知，作者对沙漠的未来感到担心。故选D。CManufacturing(制造业)jobshavesomeofthehighestinjuryratesofanyindustry,oftenduetoworkers’highlevelsofphysicalandmentalfatigue(疲劳).Inanattempttotackleit,researchersdesignedasystemofwearablesensorsthatrelyonmachine-learningtomonitorworkersforsignsofphysicalfatigue.ThedesignisdetailedinastudypublishedbyateamatNorthwesternUniversity.Tomeasurefatigueandphysicalhealth,researchersdevelopedaninterconnectedseriesofsixwearablesensorsplacedacrossawearer’sbody.Thesewerecoupledwithtwocamerastomeasurejointmovementsandawebcameratoanalyzemovementintensity,repetition,anddeclinedstrengthovertime.Onceenabled,thesedevicescontinuouslymonitoredheartrate,skintemperature,andmovingpatterns.Butgiventhattherearenowidelyaccepteduniversalgradesforfatigue,researchersreliedonthewearer’sself-reportedperceivedfatiguelevelsona0-10scalethattheythenenteredintoamachinelearningmodel.Oncetrained,thismodelwasthenusedtopredictauser’sfatiguelevelsinreal-timetoprovideamoreaccurateunderstandingofthesubject’sphysicalstatethanpaststudies.Giventhateverybodyisdifferent,thebestmixofphysicalindicatorsforfatiguecanvarydependingontheirage,gender,andweight—buttherewerestillsomeuniversaltrendsobservedduringthetwotasks.Oneofthemosttellingsignscanbefoundinfatiguelevelsmeasuredinauser’snon-dominantarm.Anotherindicatorcouldbefoundbymeasuringtheintensityofmovementsforaworkerusingtheirchestsensor.Thesensorrecordingscommonsignsoffatiguelikeincreasedheartrateandbodytemperatures.Sweatalsohelpedinformthemodeling.“Althoughourprimarygoalthroughthisresearchistoensureworkersafety,reducerisks,andempoweroperatorsthroughactivefeedback,werecognizethemoralandlegalconsiderationsassociatedwithusingsuchsystemsinreal-worldworkplaceenvironments,”theresearcherswrote.“Wearehopefulthatongoingtechnicaladvancements,includingoureffortsinpredictingphysicalfatigueinworksettings,willinspireconstructivediscussions.”8.Whatdidtheresearchersusetotrainthemachinelearningmodel?A.Theuniversallyacceptedfatiguegrades. B.Theparticipants’heartratevariability.C.Theparticipants’self-reportedscores. D.Thehistoricaldatafromfatiguestudies.9.Whichisthemostsignificantphysicalindicatorinmonitoringfatigue?A.Heartrate. B.Non-dominantarm.C.Chestmovement. D.Bodytemperatures.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Expectationsofthesystem. B.Updatesofthesystem.C.Potentialofthesystem. D.Applicationsofthesystem.11.Whichisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?A.WearableSensorsMonitorJobFatigueB.WearableSensorsHelpImproveProductivityC.WearableSensorsImproveWorkingConditionsD.WearableSensorsOfferReasonableWorkSchedules【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员设计可穿戴传感器系统，利用机器学习监测工人身体疲劳的相关情况。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butgiventhattherearenowidelyaccepteduniversalgradesforfatigue,researchersreliedonthewearer’sself-reportedperceivedfatiguelevelsona0-10scalethattheythenenteredintoamachinelearningmodel.(但是鉴于没有被广泛接受的通用疲劳等级，研究人员依赖于佩戴者自我报告的在0到10分制的自我感知疲劳水平，然后将其输入到机器学习模型中)”可知，研究人员使用参与者自我报告的分数来训练机器学习模型。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Oneofthemosttellingsignscanbefoundinfatiguelevelsmeasuredinauser’snon-dominantarm.(最能说明问题的迹象之一可以在用户非惯用手臂测量的疲劳水平中找到)”可知，在监测疲劳方面，最显著的身体指标是非惯用手臂。故选B项。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Althoughourprimarygoalthroughthisresearchistoensureworkersafety,reducerisks,andempoweroperatorsthroughactivefeedback,werecognizethemoralandlegalconsiderationsassociatedwithusingsuchsystemsinreal-worldworkplaceenvironments,”theresearcherswrote.“Wearehopefulthatongoingtechnicaladvancements,includingoureffortsinpredictingphysicalfatigueinworksettings,willinspireconstructivediscussions.”(研究人员写道：“尽管我们这项研究的主要目标是确保工人安全、降低风险，并通过积极反馈赋予操作人员权力，但我们认识到在现实工作场所环境中使用这种系统所涉及的道德和法律考量。我们希望正在进行的技术进步，包括我们在预测工作环境中的身体疲劳方面所做的努力，将激发建设性的讨论。”)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了对该系统的期望。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Inanattempttotackleit,researchersdesignedasystemofwearablesensorsthatrelyonmachine-learningtomonitorworkersforsignsofphysicalfatigue.(为了解决这个问题，研究人员设计了一种可穿戴传感器系统，该系统依靠机器学习来监测工人的身体疲劳迹象)”可知，本文主要介绍了可穿戴传感器监测工作疲劳的相关内容，“可穿戴传感器监测工作疲劳”适合作为文章标题。故选A项。DTheterms“frontstage”and“backstage”refertodifferentbehaviorsthatpeopleengageineveryday.DevelopedbyErvingGoffman,theconceptsformpartofthedramaviewpointwithinsociologythatusesthemetaphor(比喻)ofthetheatertoexplainsocialinteraction.Theideathatpeopleplaydifferentrolesthroughouttheirdailylivesanddisplaydifferentkindsofbehaviordependingonwheretheyareandthetimeofdayisafamiliarone.Mostpeople,awareorunaware,behavesomewhatdifferentlyastheirprofessionalselvesvs.theirprivateselves.AccordingtoGoffman,front-stagebehaviorreflectsinternalizednormsandexpectationsforbehaviorshapedpartlybythesetting,theparticularroleoneplaysinitandone’sphysicalappearance.Howpeopleparticipateinafront-stageperformancecanbehighlyintentionalandpurposeful,oritcanbehabitualorunaware.Eitherway,front-stagebehaviortypicallyfollowsaroutinizedandlearnedsocialscript(剧本)shapedbyculturalnorms.Theroutinesofpeople’sdailylives—travelingtoandfromwork,orgoingtoaculturalperformance—fallintothecategoryoffront-stagebehavior.Peoplealsoengageinfront-stagebehaviorinlesspublicplaces,suchasamongcoworkersatworkandasstudentsinclassrooms.Whenpeoplearebackstage,theyarefreeoftheexpectationsandnorms.Giventhis,peopleareoftenmorerelaxedandcomfortable;theylettheirguarddownandbehaveinwaysthatreflect“true”selves.Yetsometimestheyrehearse(排练)certainbehaviorsorinteractionsandotherwiseprepareforupcomingfront-stageperformances.Theymightpracticetheirsmileorhandshake,rehearseapresentationorconversation.Soevenbackstage,peopleareawareofnormsandexpectations,whichinfluencewhattheythinkaboutanddo.Forthemostpart,howonebehavesfrontstagesignificantlydiffersfromanindividual’sbackstageconduct.Whensomeoneignorestheexpectationsforfront-stageandbackstagebehaviors,itmayleadtoconfusion,embarrassment,andevendisagreement.Forgoodreason,theexpectationslinkedtofront-stageandbackstagebehaviorinfluencemostfolkstoworkprettyhardtokeepthesetwopartsseparateanddistinct.12.Accordingtothetext,whatcharacterizesfront-stagebehavior?A.Itfollowscertainsocialnorms. B.Itreflectsaperson’strueself.C.Itisintentionalandpurposeful. D.Itisfreefromothers’expectations.13.Inwhichsituationdopeopleengagemainlyinfront-stagebehavior?A.Visitanartexhibition, B.Chatwithworkmatesafterwork.C.Havedinnerinrestaurants. D.Staywithclosefriends.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutbackstagebehavior?A.Itiscompletelyunaffectedbysocialnorms.B.Ithardlyoffersrelaxedatmosphereforpeople.C.Itisusuallyrealself-expressioninarelaxedstate.D.Ithastointentionallyprepareforfront-stagebehavior.15.Whyisitadvisedtoseparatefront-stageandbackstagebehavior?A.Tomaintainpeople’sprivacy. B.Tosticktoculturalnormsandexpectations.C.Toavoidpossibleconfusionandawkwardness. D.Todistinguishthepublicfromtheindividual.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了社会学中“前台”和“后台”行为的概念、特点，以及区分二者的原因。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“AccordingtoGoffman,front-stagebehaviorreflectsinternalizednormsandexpectationsforbehaviorshapedpartlybythesetting,theparticularroleoneplaysinitandone’sphysicalappearance.Eitherway,front-stagebehaviortypicallyfollowsaroutinizedandlearnedsocialscript(剧本)shapedbyculturalnorms.(根据戈夫曼的说法，前台行为反映了内化的行为规范和期望，这在一定程度上是由环境、一个人在其中扮演的特定角色以及一个人的外表所塑造的。无论哪种方式，前台行为通常都遵循由文化规范所塑造的常规化且习得的社会“剧本”)”可知，前台行为的特点是它遵循某些社会规范。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theroutinesofpeople’sdailylives—travelingtoandfromwork,orgoingtoaculturalperformance—fallintothecategoryoffront-stagebehavior.Peoplealsoengageinfront-stagebehaviorinlesspublicplaces,suchasamongcoworkersatworkandasstudentsinclassrooms.(人们日常生活中的常规活动——上下班通勤，或者去看一场文化演出——都属于前台行为的范畴。人们在不太公开的场所也会表现出前台行为，比如在工作场合与同事相处时，以及在教室里作为学生时)”可知，参观艺术展览属于去看文化演出，是前台行为。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whenpeoplearebackstage,theyarefreeoftheexpectationsandnorms.Giventhis,peopleareoftenmorerelaxedandcomfortable;theylettheirguarddownandbehaveinwaysthatreflect“true”selves.(当人们在后台时，他们不受期望和规范的约束。鉴于此，人们往往更加放松和舒适；他们放下戒备，以反映“真实”自我的方式行事)”可知，后台行为通常是在放松状态下的真实自我表达。故选C项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whensomeoneignorestheexpectationsforfront-stageandbackstagebehaviors,itmayleadtoconfusion,embarrassment,andevendisagreement.Forgoodreason,theexpectationslinkedtofront-stageandbackstagebehaviorinfluencemostfolkstoworkprettyhardtokeepthesetwopartsseparateanddistinct.(当有人忽视了前台和后台行为的期望时，这可能会导致困惑、尴尬，甚至是分歧。出于充分的理由，与前台和后台行为相关的期望促使大多数人努力将这两部分区分开来并保持清晰)”可知，建议区分前台和后台行为是为了避免可能的困惑和尴尬。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wearelivingintheageofanxiety.Whilewecan’tcontrolwhathappensoutside,wehavethepowertocontrolwhathappensinside.___16___Sohowdoyoubuildself-beliefandovercomeself-doubt?___17___Beforewritingmyfirstbook,Iwasconsumedwithself-doubt.Thenthewordsofmydadranginmyear,“Nevertryandsellanythingthatyou’renotsoldon.Sellittoyourselffirst.”IsatdownandmadealistofallthereasonsIwasuniquelyplacedtowritethebook.Within30minutes,Iwas“sold”,andthewordsflowed!Dothesameeverytimeyourconfidenceneedsanupgrade.Buildyourteam.Chooseyourcompanionscarefully.___18___Youneedpeoplewho“getyour”,andseeyourtruepotential.Whenthegoinggetstough,youmayneedtorelyontheirbeliefinyouandborrowituntilyourownhasrecoveredandbouncedback.Anyway,weneedtoconnectwithotherstohaveasenseofbelongingandgetsupportifnecessary.Clearyourmind.Weneedabreakfromthe24-hournewsfeeds,socialmediaandsignalsfromoursmartphones.Otherwise,youcouldbeconstantly“on”,makingithardforyoursystemtocomebacktobalance.Giveyourselftimeeverydaytocomebacktoyouandletgoofeverything.___19___Stopthecriticism.___20___Thereisnoonewhocandomoredamagetoyourself-beliefthanyou!Showsympathytoyour“mistakes”andperceivedimperfections.Seethatnoonecreatessuccesswithoutlearningsalongtheway.A.Buildyouridentity.B.Shapeyourcharacter.C.Surroundyourselfwithpeopleyouadmire.D.Yourattitudeandyourself-beliefarethesolution.E.Yourspiritandself-beliefareeffortlesslyuplifted.F.Theywillbefeedingyourself-belieforstarvingit,G.Youcanbeagreatpartneroragreatenemyforyourself.【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.E20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在焦虑时代，可通过建立身份认同、组建团队、清空思绪、停止批判来建立自信。【16题详析】由上文“Wearelivingintheageofanxiety.Whilewecan’tcontrolwhathappensoutside,wehavethepowertocontrolwhathappensinside.(我们生活在焦虑的时代。虽然我们无法控制外界发生的事情，但我们有能力控制内心的想法)”及下文“Sohowdoyoubuildself-beliefandovercomeself-doubt?(那么如何建立自信并克服自我怀疑呢？)”可知，上文提到我们能掌控内心，下文引出建立自信的问题，空处应指出态度和自信是解决焦虑问题的关键，起到承上启下的作用。D选项“你的态度和自信就是解决方案。”符合语境，thesolution与上文controlwhathappensinside呼应，同时引出下文关于建立自信的内容。故选D。【17题详析】分析该空位置可知，此处应是小标题，概括段落主旨。由下文“Beforewritingmyfirstbook,Iwasconsumedwithself-doubt.Thenthewordsofmydadranginmyear,“Nevertryandsellanythingthatyou’renotsoldon.Sellittoyourselffirst.”IsatdownandmadealistofallthereasonsIwasuniquelyplacedtowritethebook.

(写我的第一本书之前，我被自我怀疑所困扰。然后，我爸爸的话在我耳边响起：“永远不要试图卖任何你不卖的东西。先将它卖给你自己。”我坐下来，列出了我特别适合写这本书的原因)”可知，该段主要讲述通过发现自身独特之处来建立自信，也就是塑造自己的身份认同。A选项“建立你的身份认同。”说明要认同自己的身份，符合段落主旨，可作为小标题。故选A。【18题详析】由上文“Chooseyourcompanionscarefully.(仔细选择你的同伴)”及下文“Youneedpeoplewho“getyou”,andseeyourtruepotential.(你需要那些理解你、看到你真正潜力的人)”可知，上文强调选择同伴的重要性，下文说明需要什么样的同伴，空处应解释选择同伴的原因，即同伴会影响你的自信。F选项“他们要么会增强你的自信，要么会削弱它。”They指代上文companions，说明了同伴对自信的影响，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【19题详析】由上文“Giveyourselftimeeverydaytocomebacktoyouandletgoofeverything.(每天给自己时间回归自我，放下一切)”可知，上文建议给自己时间放松，清空思绪，空处应说明这样做的结果。E选项“你的精神和自信会自然而然地得到提升。”符合语境，指出了清空思绪后精神和自信得到提升的结果。故选E。【20题详析】由下文“Thereisnoonewhocandomoredamagetoyourself-beliefthanyou!(没有人比你自己更能伤害你的自信！)”可知，下文强调自我批判对自信的伤害，空处应与自我批判相关，引出下文内容。G选项“你可以是自己的好伙伴，也可以是大敌。”符合语境，agreatenemy与下文domoredamagetoyourself-belief相呼应，说明自己对自己的影响。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2022,studiesshowedthehighestrecordeddeforestationratesintheBrazilianAmazonsince2016.BrazilianskydivingstarLuigiCanidecidedto____21____.In2022,hefinally____22____100millionseedsat6.500feetovertheBrazilianAmazon.LuigiCanimadenearly14,000____23____andset11worldrecordsoverhiscareer.Yetthistime.hewasn’tseeking____24____.Canishared,“Idon’thavethedrivefordangeranymore.”Ittook5yearstomakehis____25____dreamcometrue.Fromgettingpermitstobuildingabiodegradableseedbox—nothingwas____26____.Theseedswerecollectedfroma(n)____27____rainforestsincenativeplantshavedevelopednaturallyandadaptedtothelocalconditions.“Iheldmybreaththeentiretime.Myheartwasbeating____28____inthesky.”Canishared,“Istruggledto____29____theboxandmanagedto_____30_____myselfatabout6,000ft.Theseedswerereleasedpreciselywherewewantedthemtobe.”Theeffortswereworthit.Cani’steamhasbeenconstantly_____31_____thesituationandthisyear,theyarealreadyexpectingtoseethe_____32_____.In2022,about20%oftheAmazonrainforestwas_____33_____andafurther6%was“highlydegraded”.Therefore,such_____34_____asLuigiCani’sarevital.Timeis_____35_____andweneedtotakeresponsibilitywiththerightaction.21.A.adjust B.try C.join D.help22.A.found B.distributed C.planted D.selected23.A.plans B.jumps C.trips D.promises24.A.adventure B.approval C.shelter D.fortune25.A.restoration B.innovation C.construction D.civilization26.A.wrong B.left C.easy D.perfect27.A.biodiverse B.endangered C.vast D.nearby28.A.proudly B.smoothly C.wildly D.anxiously29.A.lift B.guard C.position D.hold30.A.free B.stabilize C.support D.pull31.A.facingupto B.makingthebestof C.puttingupwith D.keepinganeyeon32.A.signs B.sights C.results D.efforts33.A.surveyed B.deforested C.abandoned D.devalued34.A.creativities B.goals C.traditions D.virtues35.A.drawingnear B.onourside C.runningout D.atitspeak【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.A25.A26.C27.D28.C29.D30.B31.D32.C33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了2022年，研究显示，巴西亚马逊地区的森林砍伐率达到了2016年以来的最高记录，于是跳伞明星路易吉·卡尼通过跳伞来播种，帮助森林恢复。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴西跳伞明星路易吉·卡尼决定帮忙。A.adjust调整；B.try尝试；C.join加入；D.help帮助。根据上文“In2022,studiesshowedthehighestrecordeddeforestationratesintheBrazilianAmazonsince2016.(2022年，研究显示，巴西亚马逊地区的森林砍伐率达到了2016年以来的最高记录)”以及后文“100millionseedsat6,500feetovertheBrazilianAmazon”可知，他分发了种子，说明决定帮助改善这种情况。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年，他终于在巴西亚马逊6500英尺的地方分发了1亿颗种子。A.found找到；B.distributed分发；C.planted种植；D.selected选择。根据后文“100millionseedsat6,500feetovertheBrazilianAmazon”指在巴西亚马逊6500英尺的地方分发了1亿颗种子。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：路易吉·卡尼在他的职业生涯中共跳了近14000次，创造了11项世界纪录。A.plans计划；B.jumps跳跃；C.trips旅行；D.promises承诺。根据上文“Brazilianskydivingstar”可知，他是跳伞明星，说明职业生涯中共跳了近14000次，故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而这一次，他不是在寻求冒险。A.adventure冒险；B.approval赞成；C.shelter收容所；D.fortune运气。根据后文“Idon’thavethedrivefordangeranymore.(我不再有冒险的冲动了)”可知，这一次他不是在寻求冒险。故选A。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他花了5年的时间来实现他的恢复梦想。A.restoration恢复；B.innovation创新；C.construction建造；D.civilization文明。根据上文“In2022,studiesshowedthehighestrecordeddeforestationratesintheBrazilianAmazonsince2016.(2022年，研究显示，巴西亚马逊地区的森林砍伐率达到了2016年以来的最高记录)”，此处指恢复森林的梦想花费五年时间。故选A。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从获得许可到建造一个可生物降解的种子箱，一切都不容易。A.wrong错误的；B.left左边的；C.easy容易的；D.perfect完美的。根据上文“Ittook5years”可知，花费的时间长，说明一切都不容易。故选C。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些种子是从附近的热带雨林中收集的，因为本地植物已经自然生长并适应了当地的条件。A.biodiverse生物多样的；B.endangered濒危的；C.vast巨大的；D.nearby附近的。根据后文“rainforestsincenativeplantshavedevelopednaturallyandadaptedtothelocalconditions”可知，本地植物已经自然生长并适应了当地的条件，所以种子从附近的热带雨林收集。故选D。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的心在空中狂跳。A.proudly骄傲地；B.smoothly顺利地；C.wildly疯狂地；D.anxiously焦虑地。根据语境和上文“Myheartwasbeating”及下文“Istruggled”，指心脏狂跳，故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡尼分享道：“我挣扎着抱住箱子，并设法在6000英尺的高空稳定下来。”A.lift举起；B.guard守卫；C.position安置；D.hold拿住，抱住。根据常识和后文“thebox”此处指在空中要抱住箱子。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡尼分享道：“我挣扎着抓住箱子，并设法在6000英尺的高空稳定下来。”A.free释放；B.stabilize稳定；C.support支持；D.pull拉，拖。根据后文“Theseedswerereleasedpreciselywherewewantedthemtobe.(种子被释放到我们想要的地方)”可知，种子被释放到想要的地方，所以要先在空中稳定下来，然后投放种子。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：卡尼的团队一直在密切关注这一情况，今年，他们已经期待看到结果。A.facingupto勇敢面对；B.makingthebestof充分利用；C.puttingupwith忍受；D.keepinganeyeon注意。根据后文“thesituationandthisyear”指团队注意种子投放的情况，故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡尼的团队一直在密切关注这一情况，今年，他们已经期待看到结果。A.signs标志；B.sights视力；C.results结果；D.efforts努力。根据上文“Theeffortswereworthit.(这些努力都是值得的)”以及“theyarealreadyexpectingtoseethe”此处指期待看到投放种子的结果。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年，约20%的亚马逊雨林被砍伐，另有6%的雨林“高度退化”。A.surveyed调查；B.deforested采伐森林；C.abandoned抛弃；D.devalued贬值。呼应上文“In2022,studiesshowedthehighestrecordeddeforestationratesintheBrazilianAmazonsince2016.(2022年，研究显示，巴西亚马逊地区的森林砍伐率达到了2016年以来的最高记录)”指约20%的亚马逊雨林被砍伐，故选B。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，像路易吉·卡尼这样的创意是至关重要的。A.creativities创造性；B.goals目标；C.traditions传统；D.virtues美德。根据上文可知，路易吉·卡尼通过跳伞来投放播种，帮助森林恢复，是一种创举。故选A。【35题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：时间不多了，我们需要承担起责任，采取正确的行动。A.drawingnear临近；B.onourside站在我们这边；C.runningout用完；D.atitspeak达到巅峰。根据后文“andweneedtotakeresponsibilitywiththerightaction”以及上文“Time”此处指时间快要耗尽，需要采取行动。故选C。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheEarth’soceansarevastbodiesofsaltywaterthatcoverabout71%oftheEarth’ssurface.Therearefourmajoroceans,___36___aredividedbylandmasses.ThePacificOceanisthelargest,coveringover63millionsquaremiles.ItstretchesfromtheArctictotheSouthernOceanand___37___(bound)byAsia,AustraliaandtheAmericas.TheAtlanticOcean,thesecond-largest,___38___(cover)anareaofabout41millionsquaremiles,lyingbetweentheAmericas,EuropeandAfrica,withtheArcticOceantothenorthandtheSouthernOceantothesouth.TheIndianOceanisthethird-largest,coveri