山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheMetropolitanMuseumofArt(TheMet)isoneofthelargestandmostclassicalartmuseumsintheworld.LocatedinNewYorkCity,TheMethousesovertwomillionworksofartwith5,000yearsofhistory,fromancientcraftstomodernmasterpieces.Themuseumoffersawiderangeofexhibitions,educationalprograms,andculturalevents.WhoCanVisit?TheMetwelcomesallvisitors.Admissionpoliciesareasfollows:GeneralPublic:Ticketscanbepurchasedonlineorattheentrance.NewYorkStateResidentsandNY,NJ,CTStudents:Pay-what-you-wishadmissionwithanIDcard.Members:Freeadmissionandexclusiveaccesstospecialevents.GroupsandSchoolVisits:Mustbookinadvanceforguidedtoursandeducationalprograms.OpeningHoursSunday-Tuesday&Thursday:10:00AM-5:00PMFriday&Saturday:10:00AM–9:00PMClosedonWednesdays,ThanksgivingDay,ChristmasDay,andNewYear’sDayExhibitionsandProgramsPermanentCollection:IncludesEuropeanpaintings,ancientsculptures,Americandecorativearts,andmore.SpecialExhibitions:Rotatingexhibitsfeaturingrenownedartistsandculturalthemes.EducationalPrograms:Guidedtours,workshops,andlecturesavailableforallagegroups.TicketPricesVisitorTypeGeneralAdmissionAdults$30Seniors（65+）$22Students$17Members&ChildrenUnder12FreeHowtoGetThereLocation:1000FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10028Subway:Takethe4,5,or6trainto86thStreet.Bus:M1,M2,M3,orM4to82ndStreet.1.WhatmustschoolgroupsdobeforevisitingTheMet?A.Payadiscountedfee. B.Arriveduringweekendhours.C.Bookguidedtoursinadvance. D.Bringpay-what-you-wishtickets.2.WhencanvisitorsgotoTheMet?A.Tuesday,9:00AM-11:00AM. B.Wednesday,1:00PM-4:00PM.C.Friday,9:00PM-10:00PM. D.Sunday,10:00AM-3:00PM.3.Howmuchshouldafamilywithoneadultand2studentsunder12payfortickets?A.$30. B.Free. C.$64. D.$34.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了世界上最大且最经典的艺术博物馆之一——大都会艺术博物馆（TheMet）的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“GroupsandSchoolVisits:Mustbookinadvanceforguidedtoursandeducationalprograms.(团体和学校参观：必须提前预订导览服务和教育项目)”可知，学校团体在参观大都会艺术博物馆之前必须提前预订导览服务。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“OpeningHours:Sunday-Tuesday&Thursday:10:00AM-5:00PM；Friday&Saturday:10:00AM–9:00PM；ClosedonWednesdays,ThanksgivingDay,ChristmasDay,andNewYear’sDay(开放时间：周日-周二以及周四：上午10点-下午5点；周五和周六：上午10点-晚上9点；周三、感恩节、圣诞节和元旦闭馆)”可知，只有在规定的开放时间内参观者才可以进入博物馆。D选项“Sunday,10:00AM-3:00PM.”（周日，上午10点-下午3点），在博物馆的开放时间范围内。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“TicketPrices:VisitorTypeGeneralAdmission；Adults$30；Seniors（65+）$22；Students$17；Members&ChildrenUnder12Free(门票价格：游客类型普通门票；成人30美元；65岁及以上老人22美元；学生17美元；会员及12岁以下儿童免费)”可知，一个家庭中有一名成人和两名12岁以下的学生，成人需支付30美元门票费用，因为12岁以下儿童免费，所以两名学生无需支付门票费用，那么这个家庭总共需要支付30美元。故选A。BHildaJackson,aspiritedseniorfromDerbyshire,exchangedherwalkingframeforglowsticks(荧光棒)andfacepainttocelebrateher105thbirthdaywithanunusualrave(锐舞)partyatHolbrookCareHome.Theevent,attendedby70guests,featuredaliveperformancebyNottinghamrapperBru-C,discobeatsspunbyaDJ,andanopenbarsponsoredbyJagermeister—thoughmostelderlyparticipantschosesoftdrinks.Bornin1919,Hildahaslivedthroughtwoworldwars,22BritishPrimeMinisters,andtheinventionoftelevision.DuringWWII,shecontributedtothewareffortbyworkingatafactory.Alifelongadventurer,shedroveuntilage100andtraveledalotwithherlatesisterVeraondance-themedjourneyacrossEurope.Whenaskedaboutherlonglife,Hildacreditedherlongevitytoheryouthfulpassionfortennisandherphilosophyof“takingeachdayasitcomes.”Shesmiled,recallinghermother’swarnings:“You’llwearyourselfoutplayingtenniseverynight!”HereyesshoneassherecalledmeetingherhusbandWalterinher20s,callinghimher“onetruelove.”Afterhisdeathinthe1950s,Hildaneverremarried,insteadsharing63yearswithVerauntilhersister’spassing.TheraveideapuzzledeventhestaffatHolbrookCareHome.ManagerRebeccaadmitted,“Lastyear,sherequestedlaserlightsandglowsticks—maybeshesawravesonTV?”Theparty’sdecorationsandenergeticmusiccontrastedwiththecarehome’susualcalm,butHildadancedenergetically,shoutingcheerfully,“Life’smeantforcelebrating!”Guestsreceivedglow-in-the-darkbracelets(手镯),whileBru-CperformedacustomrappraisingHilda’spassionforlife.Thoughwheelchair-boundseniorstappedtheirfeet,Hildastoodcenter-stage,herskirtflashingunderlights.“I’vealwayslovedmusic—waltzes(华尔兹),foxtrots,evendisco!”shesaid.Hilda’sbirthdaycardsincludedonefromKingCharles,buthertruejoycamefromdancing.“Whosaysravesarefortheyoung?”shelaughed,provingageisjustanumber.4.WhatwasspecialaboutHilda’s105thbirthdayparty?A.Itwasheldinafactorywheresheonceworked.B.Itwasfilledwithdecorationsinspiredbyhertravels.C.Itincludedarapperformancewithlivelyatmosphere.D.Itwasatraditionalcelebrationwithwaltzesanddisco.5.WhatconfusedthecarehomestaffaboutHilda’spartyrequest?A.Herrefusaltoinvitefamily. B.Herenthusiasmofraveparties.C.Herdislikeofroyalcelebrations. D.Herpreferenceforclassicalmusic.6.WhatdoesHilda’scommentimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Shebelievesravesareonlysuitablefortheyoung.B.Shethinksageshouldnotlimitone’senjoymentoflife.C.Shewishesmoredancingopportunitiesatthecarehome.D.Shefeelsthattruehappinessliesindoingwhatsheloves.7.WhatkindofpersonisHildaaccordingtothepassage?A.Cautiousbutsociable. B.Sensitivebutmoderate.C.Dynamicandopen-minded. D.Creativeandunconventional.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了来自德比郡的105岁老人希尔达・杰克逊（HildaJackson）在霍尔布鲁克养老院举办了一场不寻常的锐舞派对来庆祝自己的生日，介绍了她的人生经历、长寿秘诀以及派对的相关情况。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“HildaJackson,aspiritedseniorfromDerbyshire,exchangedherwalkingframeforglowsticks(荧光棒)andfacepainttocelebrateher105thbirthdaywithanunusualrave(锐舞)partyatHolbrookCareHome.Theevent,attendedby70guests,featuredaliveperformancebyNottinghamrapperBru-C,discobeatsspunbyaDJ,andanopenbarsponsoredbyJagermeister—thoughmostelderlyparticipantschosesoftdrinks.(来自德比郡的充满活力的老人希尔达・杰克逊用荧光棒和脸部彩绘代替了她的助行架，在霍尔布鲁克养老院举办了一场不寻常的锐舞派对来庆祝她的105岁生日。这场活动有70位客人参加，诺丁汉说唱歌手布鲁・C进行了现场表演，DJ播放了迪斯科节奏，还有一个由野格赞助的开放式酒吧——不过大多数老年参与者选择了软饮料。)”可知，希尔达105岁生日派对的特别之处在于它包括一场说唱表演，气氛热烈。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“TheraveideapuzzledeventhestaffatHolbrookCareHome.ManagerRebeccaadmitted,“Lastyear,sherequestedlaserlightsandglowsticks—maybeshesawravesonTV?”(就连霍尔布鲁克养老院的工作人员也对这个锐舞派对的想法感到困惑。经理丽贝卡承认：“去年，她要求要激光灯和荧光棒——也许她在电视上看到过锐舞派对？”)”可知，养老院工作人员对希尔达派对请求感到困惑的是她对锐舞派对的热情。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hilda’sbirthdaycardsincludedonefromKingCharles,buthertruejoycamefromdancing.“Whosaysravesarefortheyoung?”shelaughed,provingageisjustanumber.(希尔达的生日贺卡中有一张来自查尔斯国王的，但她真正的快乐来自跳舞。“谁说锐舞派对是年轻人的专利？”她笑着说，证明了年龄只是一个数字。)”可推知，希尔达认为年龄不应该限制一个人对生活的享受和热爱。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“HildaJackson,aspiritedseniorfromDerbyshire,exchangedherwalkingframeforglowsticks(荧光棒)andfacepainttocelebrateher105thbirthdaywithanunusualrave(锐舞)partyatHolbrookCareHome.(来自德比郡的充满活力的老人希尔达・杰克逊用荧光棒和脸部彩绘代替了她的助行架，在霍尔布鲁克养老院举办了一场不寻常的锐舞派对来庆祝她的105岁生日。)”以及第三段第一句“Whenaskedaboutherlonglife,Hildacreditedherlongevitytoheryouthfulpassionfortennisandherphilosophyof“takingeachdayasitcomes.”(当被问及她的长寿秘诀时，希尔达将其归功于她年轻时对网球的热爱以及她“顺其自然”的人生哲学。)”可推知，希尔达是一个充满活力、思想开放的人。故选C项。CGiventhatoverexposuretonoisepollutioncanresultinhealthissues,someescapethenoisebytravelingforsilence,butquiettimeathomeisjustascrucial.“Smallpocketsofsilenceindailylifecanhelpusregulatestress,”sayspsychologistOlgaLehmannwhoseworkcentersonsilence.Shenoteshergoalistostrikeabalancebetweenpeaceandthechaosofeverydaylife,whichisbecomingmoreachievablethroughquiet-seekingmovements.Somequiet-seekersuseextrememeasureslikedarknessretreats(静修),whichputparticipantsintotaldarknesswithalmostnointerruptionforseveraldays,withthegoalofself-discoveryandself-reflection.Lehmannsaysthattheseoptionsmayworkforsome.Formanypeople,however,it’sagoodideatoenjoysomethinglikesittinginalocalparkwithouttechnologyfor10minutes,orattendingasilentyogaclass.Manyquiet-seekerspairsilencewithcommunity.MeetuporganizationslikePeaceintheWildwhichconnectsnatureenthusiaststhroughoutdoorrecreation,haveturnedhikingintoameditative(冥想的)groupactivity.SilentBookClub,whichbringsreaderstogethertoreadforanhourwithouttalking,hasriseninpopularity.“Wecallitthequiethappyhour,”saysGuineveredelaMare,co-founderofSilentBookClub.However,quiet-seekingonlygetsyousofar,especiallyinloudcities,whereover50%oftheworld’spopulationlives.TheWHOhasnamednoisepollutionaleadingenvironmentalfactorforhealthissues,toppedonlybyairpollution.“Themainissueincitiesisalwaysroadtrafficnoise,whichisalmostimpossibletoavoid;that’swhymanyarepushingtheideaofelectricvehicles,”saysFrancescoAletta,anurbansoundplanneratUniversityCollegeLondon.Fortunately,citiesareshowingslowsignsofprogress.Lastyear,NewYorkCityfixednoisecamerastotrackvehiclesthatbreakthecity’s85-decibel(分贝)limit.Andlivingwalls,likethe30,000-plantexterior(外部)onanofficebuildinginDusseldorf,Germany,absorbnoisewhilereducingurbanheat.8.What’sthepurposeofLehmann’swork?A.Tointegratesilenceintodailyroutines.B.Toadvocateregulatingnoisepollution.C.Tokeepthedailystresslevelsundercontrol.D.Tobreakthebalancebetweensilenceandchaos.9.Whichmovementissuitableforquiet-seekers?A.Joininginasilentoutdooractivity. B.Payingavisittopublicdestinations.C.Participatinginlouddanceworkouts. D.Attendingacompetitivemarathonevent.10.Howarecitiesaddressingtheroadtrafficnoise?A.Bycuttingdownurbanheat.B.Byapplyinginnovativepractice.C.Bybreakingthecity’sdecibellimit.D.Bybanningallvehiclesfromurbanareas.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thecommonactivitiesofextremequiet-seeking.B.Howthetechnologyworsensurbannoisepollution.C.Howpeopleseekquietnessandreducenoisepollution.D.Therisingpopularityofsilentactivitiesincommunities.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们通过各种方式寻求安静，如参加安静的活动、进行静修等，同时也介绍了城市为减少噪音污染所采取的措施。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Shenoteshergoalistostrikeabalancebetweenpeaceandthechaosofeverydaylife,whichisbecomingmoreachievablethroughquiet-seekingmovements.(她指出，她的目标是在和平与日常生活的混乱之间取得平衡，通过寻求安静的运动，这一点越来越容易实现。)”可知，Lehmann的工作目标是在平静和日常生活的混乱之间找到平衡，将安静融入日常生活中。故选A项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Formanypeople,however,it’sagoodideatoenjoysomethinglikesittinginalocalparkwithouttechnologyfor10minutes,orattendingasilentyogaclass.(然而，对许多人来说，在当地的公园里坐10分钟，不带任何科技产品，或者参加一个无声的瑜伽课，都是一个不错的主意。)”以及第三段中“MeetuporganizationslikePeaceintheWildwhichconnectsnatureenthusiaststhroughoutdoorrecreation,haveturnedhikingintoameditativegroupactivity.(像“野外和平”这样的聚会组织通过户外娱乐活动将自然爱好者联系起来，把徒步旅行变成了一种冥想的团体活动。)”可推知，参加安静的户外活动适合寻求安静的人。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lastyear,NewYorkCityfixednoisecamerastotrackvehiclesthatbreakthecity’s85-decibel(分贝)limit.Andlivingwalls,likethe30,000-plantexterior(外部)onanofficebuildinginDusseldorf,Germany,absorbnoisewhilereducingurbanheat.(去年，纽约市安装了噪音摄像头，以追踪超过该市85分贝限制的车辆。而生活墙，就像德国杜塞尔多夫一栋办公楼的3万株植物外墙，在吸收噪音的同时减少了城市的热量。)”可知，城市通过安装噪音摄像头和使用绿植墙等创新方法来解决道路交通噪音问题。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Giventhatoverexposuretonoisepollutioncanresultinhealthissues,someescapethenoisebytravelingforsilence,butquiettimeathomeisjustascrucial.“Smallpocketsofsilenceindailylifecanhelpusregulatestress,”sayspsychologistOlgaLehmannwhoseworkcentersonsilence.Shenoteshergoalistostrikeabalancebetweenpeaceandthechaosofeverydaylife,whichisbecomingmoreachievablethroughquiet-seekingmovements.(考虑到过度暴露于噪音污染会导致健康问题，一些人通过旅行来躲避噪音，但在家的安静时间同样至关重要。“在日常生活中，一小段安静的时间可以帮助我们调节压力，”心理学家OlgaLehmann说，她的工作主要集中在安静上。她指出，她的目标是在和平与日常生活的混乱之间取得平衡，通过寻求安静的运动，这一点越来越容易实现。)”可知，文章主要讲述了人们通过各种方式寻求安静，如参加安静的活动、进行静修等，同时也介绍了城市为减少噪音污染所采取的措施，由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是“人们如何寻求安静，减少噪音污染。”故选C项。DReportshaveemergedthatEnglishHeritage,thecharityresponsibleforover400historicsites,isconsideringreducingitsstaffandoperatinghoursduetofinancialdifficulties.Thisshouldconcernanyonewhovaluesthenation’sculturalheritage.Thesesites,suchascastlesandruins,playanimportantroleinpeople’slives,especiallyduringweekendsandholidays.Over1.3millionpeoplearemembersofEnglishHeritage,andStonehengeattracts1.5millionvisitorsannually.WhilepopularsiteslikeStonehengewillremainunaffected,less-visitedlocationsmayfacewinterclosing.Despiteincreasesinmembership,visitornumbers,andvolunteers,thecharityisstillstrugglingfinancially,withnearly200jobcutsexpected.EnglishHeritageissmallerthantheNationalTrust,theUK’slargestculturalcharity.Foundedin1895,theNationalTrusthasvotingrightsforitsmembers,whileEnglishHeritageoffersfreeentryandparkingbutnovotingrights.Ithasexistedinitscurrentformsince2015,whenDavidCameron’sgovernmentcutitspublicfunding,hopingtoallowthecharitytooperatemoreindependently.Initially,thegoalwastogiveEnglishHeritagegreaterfreedom,buttheremovaloffundinghascreatedfinancialpressures.Aconsultationwithstaffandunionsisongoing,butconcernsaboutjobcutsremain.ReplacingexpertswithlessspecializedstaffcouldreducethequalityofserviceatmajorsiteslikeDoverCastleandHadrian’sWall.Visitorsexpecthigh-qualityinformationandeducationalexperiences,whichrequireprofessionalknowledgeinhistoryandmanagement.Thedevelopmentofthesehistoricvisits,whichcombineeducationandleisure,hasbeenadecades-longeffort,startingwithpostwareffortstoopenthesesitestothepublic.Expertsareessentialindesigningeducationaldisplaysandupdatingexhibits.NickMerriman,theCEOofEnglishHeritage,facesachallengingtask.Hehopestoinvitemoremembersandvolunteers,especiallywiththepopularityofTudorEnglandfromtheBBC’sWolfHallseries.However,withrisingcosts,itremainsuncertainhowsuccessfulthisstrategywillbe.Whilehistoricsitescanbearfinancialchallenges,thebroaderculturalheritagesectionisinneedofsupport.12.Whatworriespeoplewhotreasureculturalheritage?A.ThedamagetohistoricsitesinBritain.B.Thefinancialpressurefromthegovernment.C.Thedecreaseofemployeesandopeninghours.D.Thedeclineofthepopularityofcastlesandruins.13.HowdoesEnglishHeritagedifferfromtheNationalTrust?A.EnglishHeritagemembershavevotingrights.B.EnglishHeritagechargesnoentryfeestovisitors.C.EnglishHeritageistheUK’slargestculturalcharity.D.EnglishHeritagereceivesmoresupportfromthegovernment.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofEnglishHeritage?A.Itwillsoonsolveallfinancialproblems.B.Itsfuturedependsonfinanceandstrategies.C.Servicequalityatmajorsiteswillbeensured.D.WolfHallwillbringasharpriseinmembership.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PostwarRevival:EnglishHeritage’sAchievements.B.HeritageTourismBoom:EnglishHeritage’sAmbitions.C.SeasonalClosures:EnglishHeritage’ssolution.D.HeritageatRisk:EnglishHeritage’sFundingCrisis.【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国遗产管理机构因资金困难考虑裁员和缩短运营时间及影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ReportshaveemergedthatEnglishHeritage,thecharityresponsibleforover400historicsites,isconsideringreducingitsstaffandoperatinghoursduetofinancialdifficulties.Thisshouldconcernanyonewhovaluesthenation’sculturalheritage.(有报道称，负责400多个历史遗迹的慈善机构英国文化遗产保护组织正考虑因财政困难而减少员工和运营时间。这应该会引起任何珍视国家文化遗产的人的关注)”可知，让珍视文化遗产的人担忧的是员工减少和开放时间减少。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“EnglishHeritageissmallerthantheNationalTrust,theUK’slargestculturalcharity.Foundedin1895,theNationalTrusthasvotingrightsforitsmembers,whileEnglishHeritageoffersfreeentryandparkingbutnovotingrights.(英国遗产管理机构比英国最大的文化慈善机构国民托管组织规模小。国民托管组织成立于1895年，其成员拥有投票权，而英国遗产管理机构提供免费入场和停车服务，但没有投票权)”可知，英国遗产管理机构与国民托管组织的不同在于英国遗产管理机构对游客不收取入场费。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“NickMerriman,theCEOofEnglishHeritage,facesachallengingtask.Hehopestoinvitemoremembersandvolunteers,especiallywiththepopularityofTudorEnglandfromtheBBC’sWolfHallseries.However,withrisingcosts,itremainsuncertainhowsuccessfulthisstrategywillbe.Whilehistoricsitescanbearfinancialchallenges,thebroaderculturalheritagesectionisinneedofsupport.(英国遗产管理机构的首席执行官尼克・梅里曼面临着一项具有挑战性的任务。他希望邀请更多的会员和志愿者，尤其是随着英国广播公司《狼厅》系列剧让都铎王朝时期的英格兰广受欢迎。然而，随着成本上升，这一策略能取得多大成功仍不确定。虽然历史遗迹能够承受资金方面的挑战，但更广泛的文化遗产领域需要支持)”可推断，英国遗产管理机构的未来取决于资金和策略。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“ReportshaveemergedthatEnglishHeritage,thecharityresponsibleforover400historicsites,isconsideringreducingitsstaffandoperatinghoursduetofinancialdifficulties.(有报道称，负责400多个历史遗迹的慈善机构英国文化遗产保护组织正考虑因财政困难而减少员工和运营时间。)”可知，文章主要围绕英国遗产管理机构面临资金危机展开，所以“HeritageatRisk:EnglishHeritage’sFundingCrisis(遗产面临风险：英国遗产管理机构的资金危机)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AIishavingamoment.Themediaarefullofit.Disadvantagesabound(有很多),butthere’salsoabrightersidetoAI,becauseitholdsoutsomepracticalpromiseintacklinganumberofstubbornchallenges.____16____.MonitortheforestsTherainforestsofSouthAmericamaybeunderthreat,butthey’restillvastandremoteenoughtomakemonitoringthemarealchallenge.Satellitemonitoringbringsahostofbenefitssuchaswide-areacoverageandreal-timedatacollection.____17____.Ithashighcostsandeasilyaffectedbybadweatherwhichcanmakethedatainaccurate.Drones(无人机),equippedwithadvancedcamerasandmotionsensors,canflyalmostsilentlythroughthetrees,spottingtheslightestsignofillegallogging(伐木)orotheractivities.____18____.Anditcangiveimmediateresponsestopotentialthreats.ProtectwildanimalsSomeoftheworld’smostpreciousandendangeredspeciesare,bydefinition,themostelusive(难以发现的),asaremanyofthehiddenthreatsfacingthem.____19____.Itishelpingidentifyandtrackindividualcreaturesinremoteenvironments,fromthesnowleopardstowhalesanddolphins,givingvitalinformationforconservationstrategies.InUgandaandSouthAfrica,wildlifeguardiansareusingacombinationofdronecamerasandAItoolstoanticipatethemovementsofillegalhunterstryingtokillrhinosorelephants,allowingtheguardianstomovequicklybeforethedeadlyshotsarefired.____20____AIcanscanvastamountsofdatafromdiversesources,compareandanalyzethem,andpresentanadaptedresulttothescreenofabasicsmartphoneinseconds.Andoneofthebenefitsoftheabilityistoprovidelow-incomefarmerwithdetailedadvicethatwouldpreviouslyhavebeenfaroutoftheirreach.A.OfferhelptofarmersB.Italsohassomelimitations.C.AIcanhelptrackdownboth.D.Analyzethedatafromdrones.E.Therearealsootherbenefits.F.AIisheretohelpindifferentways.G.AIisabletoanalyzetheirfindingswithinseconds.【答案】16.F17.B18.G19.C20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能在保护森林，保护野生动物和帮助农民三方面起着重要作用。【16题详析】根据上文“Disadvantagesabound(有很多),butthere’salsoabrightersidetoAI,becauseitholdsoutsomepracticalpromiseintacklinganumberofstubbornchallenges(人工智能有很多缺点，但也有光明的一面，因为它在解决一些棘手的挑战方面提供了一些实际的希望)”提到人工智能有缺点，但也有光明的一面，能应对一些棘手的挑战。F选项“AIisheretohelpindifferentways.(人工智能在以不同的方式提供帮助)”承接上文，引出下文具体介绍人工智能在不同方面的帮助，起到了承上启下的作用。故选F项。【17题详析】根据上文“Satellitemonitoringbringsahostofbenefitssuchaswide-areacoverageandreal-timedatacollection.(卫星监测带来了许多好处，如广域覆盖和实时数据收集)”说卫星监测有很多好处，如大面积覆盖和实时数据收集，以及下文“Ithashighcostsandeasilyaffectedbybadweatherwhichcanmakethedatainaccurate.(它成本高，容易受到恶劣天气的影响，从而使数据不准确)”又提到它成本高且易受恶劣天气影响导致数据不准确。B选项“Italsohassomelimitations.(它也有一些局限性)”能够很好地连接上下文，说明卫星监测虽然有好处但也存在不足。故选B项。【18题详析】根据上文“Drones(无人机),equippedwithadvancedcamerasandmotionsensors,canflyalmostsilentlythroughthetrees,spottingtheslightestsignofillegallogging(伐木)orotheractivities.(无人机配备了先进的摄像头和运动传感器，几乎可以悄无声息地飞越树木，发现最轻微的非法采伐或其他活动的迹象)”提到无人机配备先进的摄像头和运动传感器，可以在树林中飞行并发现非法伐木或其他活动的细微迹象。G选项“AIisabletoanalyzetheirfindingswithinseconds.(人工智能能够在几秒钟内分析它们的发现)”这里的“theirfindings”指的就是无人机的发现，且与下文“Anditcangiveimmediateresponsestopotentialthreats.(并且它可以对潜在威胁立即做出反应)”相呼应，说明了人工智能对无人机监测结果的分析及作用。故选G项。【19题详析】根据上文“Someoftheworld’smostpreciousandendangeredspeciesare,bydefinition,themostelusive(难以发现的),asaremanyofthehiddenthreatsfacingthem.(顾名思义，世界上一些最珍贵和濒危的物种是最难以捉摸的，它们面临的许多潜在威胁也是如此)”提到世界上一些最珍贵和濒危的物种难以发现，它们面临的许多隐藏威胁也难以察觉。C选项“AIcanhelptrackdownboth.(人工智能可以帮助追踪这两者)”可知，“both”指代上文的“themostpreciousandendangeredspecies”和“thehiddenthreats”，说明人工智能可以解决这两个问题，符合语境。故选C项。【20题详析】根据下文“AIcanscanvastamountsofdatafromdiversesources,compareandanalyzethem,andpresentanadaptedresulttothescreenofabasicsmartphoneinseconds.Andoneofthebenefitsoftheabilityistoprovidelow-incomefarmerwithdetailedadvicethatwouldpreviouslyhavebeenfaroutoftheirreach.(人工智能可以扫描来自不同来源的大量数据，对其进行比较和分析，并在几秒钟内将调整后的结果呈现在普通智能手机的屏幕上。这种能力的好处之一是为低收入农民提供详细的建议，这在以前是他们遥不可及的)”可知，这段主要讲的是人工智能能够扫描分析数据并为低收入农民提供详细建议，A选项“Offerhelptofarmers(为农民提供帮助)”能够概括该段内容，作为小标题合适。故选A项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Emergingfromtheashandflamesofthewildfiresistheremarkablestoryofaheroic18–year-oldwhosavedoveradozenpeople.Workingasavolunteerfirefighteratalodge(森林看守小屋),ColleenKnullreceivedanevacuation___21___onaMondayinlateJuly.Steppingoutside,shesawsmoke___22___upthemountainsides,andknewthattherewerepeoplestillcampinginthearea.Warningeveryoneatthelodge,shewentoutto___23___thecampersuntil16peoplewerereadytoevacuate.Asnightfallapproached,theonlywayoutwasa4-hourhikeacrossthe___24___areas.Knullusedherknowledgeandtrackingskillstohelp___25___the16peopledownthepath.Thegroupusedheadtorchestoseeinthe___26___.“Ihadpreviously___27___ahorseuptothatlodgeonthatsamepathandthroughouttheway,wehadcutlogsonthewayup,”Knullsaid.“Therewere67logs,sotherewouldbe67cutlogsontheway___28___.”Knullalsodependedonhorse___29___andmanure(粪便)toguidethegroup.“Therewasmore____30____smoke,myeyeswereburning,andtherewasashfalling____31____,”saidahikerinKnull’sgroup.“Shewasanamazing____32____andwasjustmakingsurethateveryonewasworkingtogether.”Incredibly,all16hikersmadeitout____33____thefiresandsuccessfullyevacuatedinthebackofKnull’spickuptruck.Theexperience____34____Knull’sdesiretobecomeafull-timeprofessional____35____.21.A.letter B.order C.promise D.invitation22.A.flying B.burning C.sweeping D.rising23.A.gather B.count C.seize D.follow24.A.damp B.flat C.dangerous D.safe25.A.encourage B.navigate C.persuade D.inspect26.A.fog B.fire C.shadow D.darkness27.A.walked B.ridden C.brought D.pushed28.A.across B.up C.down D.over29.A.cart B.tracks C.figure D.routines30.A.intense B.dusty C.poisonous D.faint31.A.frequently B.silently C.constantly D.occasionally32.A.camper B.leader C.volunteer D.protector33.A.aheadof B.acrossfrom C.before D.through34.A.strengthened B.weakened C.changed D.lessened35.A.guide B.adventurer C.consultant D.firefighter【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.C29.B30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作为志愿消防员的ColleenKnull拯救了十几个露营者的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：ColleenKnull是一名森林看守小屋的志愿消防员，她在7月底的一个周一接到了疏散令。A.letter信件；B.order命令；C.promise承诺；D.invitation邀请。根据语境以及下文“Steppingoutside,shesawsmoke______upthemountainsides”可知，森林发生火灾，ColleenKnull作为志愿消防员收到的应该是“疏散命令（order）”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：走到外面，她看到山坡上升起了烟，知道还有人在这个地区露营。A.flying飞；B.burning燃烧；C.sweeping席卷；D.rising升起。根据上文“shesawsmoke…”此处表示她看到烟“升起（rising）在山坡上。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她警告了小屋里的每个人，然后出去召集露营者，直到有16人准备撤离。A.gather召集；B.count数；C.seize抓住；D.follow跟随。根据下文“thecampersuntil16peoplewerereadytoevacuate”可知，她知道还有人在露营，所以出去“召集（gather）”露营者。故选A项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着夜幕降临，唯一的出路就是徒步4个小时穿过危险地带。A.damp潮湿的；B.flat平的；C.dangerous危险的；D.safe安全的。根据上文内容可知，因为发生了火灾，所以唯一的出路是进行4小时的徒步穿过“危险的（dangerous）”区域。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Knull用她的知识和追踪技能帮助这16个人找到了路径。A.encourage鼓励；B.navigate引领；C.persuade劝服；D.inspect检查。根据下文“the16peopledownthepath”可知，Knull利用她的知识和追踪技能来帮助“引领（navigate）”这16个人沿着小路走。故选B项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这群人用手电筒在黑暗中观察。A.fog雾；B.fire火；C.shadow阴影；D.darkness黑暗。根据上文“Asnightfallapproached”可知，夜幕降临，这群人用手电筒在“黑暗（darkness）”中看路。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Knull说：“我以前曾骑马沿着同一条路去那个小屋，一路上我们都在路上砍木头。”A.walked步行；B.ridden骑；C.brought带来；D.pushed推。根据“ahorse”以及语境可知，Knull说她之前“骑（ridden）”马走过同一条路到那个小屋。故选B项。【28题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：有67根原木，所以在下山的路上会有67根砍下来的原木。A.across穿过；B.up向上；C.down向下；D.over在……上方。根据上文“downthepath”以及“onthewayup”可知，上山有67根砍过的原木，下山（down）的路上也会有67根砍过的原木。故选C项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Knull还依靠马的足迹和粪便来引导这群人。A.cart马车；B.tracks足迹；C.figure数字，图形；D.routines惯例。根据句意以及下文“andmanuretoguidethegroup”可知，Knull还依靠马的“踪迹（tracks）”和粪便来引导这群人。故选B项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Knull的队伍的一名徒步旅行者说：“烟雾更浓了，我的眼睛在燃烧，火山灰不断地落下来。”A.intense浓烈的；B.dusty多尘的；C.poisonous有毒的；D.faint微弱的。根据下文“myeyeswereburning”可知，有更“浓烈的（intense）”烟雾。故选A项。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Knull的队伍的一名徒步旅行者说：“烟雾更浓了，我的眼睛在燃烧，火山灰不断地落下来。”A.frequently频繁地；B.silently沉默地；C.constantly不断地；D.occasionally偶然地。根据语境以及上文“andtherewasashfalling”可知，因为火灾，灰烬“不断地（constantly）”落下。故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是一个了不起的领导者，确保每个人都没掉队。A.camper露营者；B.leader领导；C.volunteer志愿者；D.protector保护者。根据下文“wasjustmakingsurethateveryonewasworkingtogether”可知，她是一个令人惊叹的“领导者（leader）”。故选B项。【33题详析】考查介词（短语）词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，所有16名徒步旅行者都从大火中逃了出来，并乘坐Knull的皮卡车撤离了。A.aheadof在……之前，领先；B.acrossfrom在……对面；C.before在……之前；D.through穿过。根据语境以及下文“andsuccessfullyevacuatedinthebackofKnull’spickuptruck”可