山东省烟台市2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省烟台市2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuyforhisson?A.Anotebook. B.Aschoolbag. C.Apencilbox.【答案】C【原文】W:Hello,sir.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Hi,Iwanttobuyaschoolbagformydaughterandapencilboxformyson.Ialsowantanicenotebookformyself.2.WhatwillSarahdonextMonday?A.Getanewcomputer. B.Deliveralecture. C.EnjoyBritishfood.【答案】B【原文】M:Sarah,Inoticedyou’vebeenusingthecomputerforhours.Whatareyousearchingfor?W:IneedsomeinformationaboutBritishfoodfornextMonday’sspeech.3.Whoisprobablytheman?A.Apoliceman. B.Apassenger. C.Ataxidriver.【答案】A【原文】M:Sorry,madam.Youcan’tstophere.Youhavetodriveyourcaraway.W:I’mjustwaitingformypassenger.M:Imustsayyou’llbefinedifyoustillparkyourcarhere.4.Howoftendoesthemanvisithisgrandparents?A.Twiceaweek. B.Onceaquarter. C.Onceayear.【答案】C【原文】W:Howoftendoyouseeyourgrandparents?Everyweekend?M:No.I’malwaysbusywithmyworkandlife.IcanonlyvisitthemeverySpringFestival.W:Itrytoseemygrandparentsmoreoften,atleastonceaquarter.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Thespeakers’parents. B.Thewoman’shometown. C.Theman’sbirthdayparty.【答案】C【原文】M:MyparentsplantoholdabirthdaypartyformeathomethisSaturday.Wouldyouliketocome?W:Iwouldn’tmissit!CanIbringsomeofmyfriendsthere?M:Sure,themorethemerrier.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatisthemonthlyrentforthehouseinLakeShoreDrive?A.$700. B.$800. C.$900.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Visitahouse. B.Reviewhistimetable. C.DrivetoClarkStreet.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Hello.I’mplanningtorentahousewithtwobedrooms,alivingroomandagarden.W:Okay.Whatpricerangecanyouaccept?M:Ithink$900amonthwouldbemylimit.W:Well,we’vegottwohouseswhichmightsuityou.OneisonClarkStreetwhichis$800amonth.AndtheotherisinLakeShoreDrive,whichis$100cheaperthanthefirstoneeverymonth.M:Ipreferthelatter.W:Alright.Whenwouldyoubeavailabletoseeit?M:Letmecheckmyschedule.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhyisDavidmovingaway?A.Forabetterschool. B.Forhisfather’swork. C.Foracheaperapartment.9.Whatdoesthemanplantodonextweek?A.Holdaparty. B.TravelaroundCalifornia. C.PlaybasketballwithDavid.10.Whoisthemanprobablytalkingto?A.Hisclassmate. B.Hisfriend. C.Hisfamilymember.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【原文】W:Charlie,youlooksosad.What’sthematter?M:Davidismovingawaywhentheschoolyearendsnextmonth.W:Oh,Iamsorrytohearthat.Whyishemoving?M:HisdadgotanewjobinCalifornia.It’stoofarfromPennsylvania.W:Don’tbeupset.Therearestillmanywaystokeepintouch.Youcanemail,text,andcalleachother.M:Butthatwon’tbethesameasseeingeachothereveryday.W:Whydon’tyouspendmoretimewithDavidbeforehemoves,likeinvitinghimtoourhousefordinner?M:Goodidea!I’llinvitehimwhenweplaybasketballtomorrow.AndI’mgoingtothrowapartyforhimnextweek.W:Soundsgood.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.HowlongdidBrucestayinEdinburgh?A.Almostaweek. B.Abouttwoweeks. C.Nearlyamonth.12.WhichofthefollowingisBruce’sfavorite?A.CaltonHill. B.PrincessStreet. C.EdinburghCastle.13.WhatisBrice’sbrother?A.Alanguageteacher. B.Anartdesigner. C.Amusicinstructor.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【原文】W:Bruce,whatasurprise!Ididn’texpecttoseeyouhere.M:Oh,hi,Elaine!Howareyoudoing?W:Good!IhearyoustayedinEdinburghfornearlyhalfamonth.M:Yes.Ijustgotbackyesterday.W:Didyouenjoyyourvisitthere?M:Yes!IvisitedmanyplaceslikeCaltonHill,PrincessStreet…ButIlikeEdinburghCastlemost.It’ssobeautiful!W:Itseemsthatyoulikethecity.Bytheway,didyouvisitEdinburghalone?M:No,mybrotherBrunoaccompaniedmeonthetrip.You’vemethimbefore,haven’tyou?W:Yeah.ImethimwhenIwasstudyingmusicatcollege.IshestillaFrenchteacher?M:Yes,heloveshisjob.Andhewillcomeoverinafewdays.Wearegoingtoanartexhibition.Wouldyouliketojoinus?W:Yes,I’dloveto.Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatdidSophiathinkofherexperienceyesterday?A.Itwasawful. B.Itwasfantastic. C.Itwassurprising.15.Whatwasthewoman’soriginalintentionforherdaughter’sbirthday?A.Tosurpriseherwithaparty. B.Tosendheranewumbrella. C.Tobakeacakeanddineout.16.Whatdirectlykeptthewomanfrommakingacake?A.Lackofenoughtime. B.Absenceofchocolate. C.Downpouroftheheavyrain.17.WhatdidSophiaandherdaughterdoatlast?A.Theysawafilm.B.Theymadeabigmeal.C.TheyboughtSophia’sfavoritepresent.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.A【原文】M:Sophia,Icalledyouseveraltimesyesterday,butyoudidn’tanswerthephone.Whatdidyoudo?W:Well,yesterdaywasadisasterforme!M:Why?W:Itwasmydaughter’sbirthdayyesterday.Iwantedtosurpriseherwhenshegothomefromschool.SoIplannedtomakeachocolatecakeandtakehertoarestaurantforabigmeal.M:Fantasticplans.Whathappenedthen?W:IwasabouttomakethecakewhenIrealizedthatIhadforgottentobuychocolate.SoIwenttothenearestshoptogetsome.ButwhenIwasalmosthome,Ijustcouldn’tfindmykeysanywhere.M:Whatbadluck!Sowhatdidyoudo?W:Isatdownonthedoorstepofmyhouseandwaitedforher.Tomakemattersworse,Ileftthehousewithoutanumbrellayesterdayafternoon.M:Oh,itrainedheavilyyesterdayafternoon,althoughitwassunnyinthemorning.Youpoorthing!W:Yeah,Ilookedlikeadrownedrat.Whenwefinallygotintothehouse,weorderedtakeoutandspentthenighttogetherwatchingherfavoritemovie.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatcanbeknownaboutthefamily’sholidayexperienceinNice?A.Theyencounteredunexpectedthings.B.Thehotelcreatedaromanticatmosphere.C.Theywereprovidedwithexcellentservice.19.Whattrulysavedthefamily’sChristmasexperience?A.Apianoplayer’smusic. B.Aflowerwoman’sgift. C.Astranger’skindness.20.Howdidthespeakerfeelintheend?A.Angry. B.Touched. C.Disappointed.【答案】18.A19.C20.B【原文】M:LastChristmas,IwenttoNiceforaholidaywithmywifeandtwodaughters.Theweatherwasbad.Ourrentedcarbrokedown.AndwecheckedintoahotelafterwearrivedinNice,whichturnedouttobeveryold.Itwasrainingandcoldwhenwewentouttoeat.Wefoundasmallrestaurant.Therewereveryfewcustomers,onlytwoFrenchwomenandanAmericanmanbesidesthefourofus.Inthecorner,apianoplayerplayedChristmasmusic.Mywifeorderedourmeal,butthewaiterbroughtusthewrongfood.Ilookedaroundandnoticedthatothercustomerswereeatinginsilence.ThepersonwhoseemedhappywastheAmericanman.Hewaswritingaletterbeforehisfoodcame.ThroughthefrontdoorcameanoldFrenchflowerwoman.Nooneboughtany.TheAmericanmanfinishedhismealandgotuptoleave.Puttingonhiscoat,hewalkedovertotheflowerwoman.“MerryChristmas!Howmuch?”hesmiledandsaid,pickingouttwobunchesofroses.Shesaid,“Twofrancs.”Hepaidtheoldlady.ThenhesenttherosestomydaughtersandwishedusaMerryChristmas.Weweresomovedthattearsleftoureyes.Hereleasedtheloveandjoythathadbeenbottledupinourheartsbyangeranddisappointment.HegaveusahappyChristmas.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWintermaybringcoldertemperatures,butit’stheidealseasontoexploreIceland’sdramaticlandscapeswithfewercrowds,andthelong,darknightsprovidewonderfulconditionsforexcellentstar-watching.Hereare4can’t-misswinterexperiencestohaveinIceland.SearchfortheNorthernLightsThebesttimetoseetheNorthernLightsinIcelandisonacloud-freenightbetweenSeptemberandmid-March.Joiningatourgivesyouthebestchanceoffindingthem,asguideswilltakeyoutotheirfavoritelocationsandsharephotographytips.HiketheMýrdalsjökullGlacier(冰川)YourguidewillwelcomeyouwarmlyinVikíMýrdal,asmallvillageatthefootoftheglacier,andgiveyouanintroductiontoyourfreeequipmentensuringyou’resafeandfullypreparedbeforeyousetoffforyouradventurewithoutrequiringadvancedclimbingskills.Fromthehighestpointoftheglacieryoucanseethewholevillage.Eachclimbcancatertosmallgroupsofupto15hikers.PayavisittoFriðheimarTomatoFarmWhatwouldyouexpecttoeatinIceland?Probablynotahome-growntomato.AtFriðheimarTomatoFarm,farmershaveusedthepowerofgeothermal(地热)energytoheatgreenhousesandgrowfruitsandvegetablesyou’dotherwiseneverexpecttoseethisfarnorth.It’saspecialIcelandicapproachtolife:inventive,playfulandquiteoutoftheordinary.Atthefarm’srestaurant,thetomatosoupisafirmfavoriteamongcustomers.DiscoverIceland’sSilverCircleIceland’spopularGoldenCircleroute,includingkeyscenicsights,cangetbusy.Foranequallyimpressiveandquieteroption,headofffortheSilverCircle,aday-longadventurethattakesinwaterfallsHraunfossarandBarnafossar,thehistoricReykholtValley,andtheKraumahotsprings.21.WhichtourallowsyoutoenjoytheNorthernLightsmost?A.Aself-guidedtourinAugust. B.AfamilytouronaJulymorning.C.AguidedtouronaclearDecembernight. D.Aself-drivingtouroncloudyAprilnights.22.WhatcanatouristdoatFriðheimarTomatoFarm?A.Trynewcookingskills. B.Interactwithanimals.C.Growvegetablesinperson. D.Tastethefreshlocalproduce.23.WhatdoFriðheimarTomatoFarmandSilverCirclehaveincommon?A.Theyfeatureattractivewaterfalls. B.Theyhavenaturalenergytodrawon.C.Theyallowtouriststousefreefacilities. D.Theyenabletouriststohaveabirdviewofavalley.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了冬季在冰岛的四种不容错过的体验，包括看北极光、冰川徒步、参观番茄农场和探索银圈。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThebesttimetoseetheNorthernLightsinIcelandisonacloud-freenightbetweenSeptemberandmid-March.Joiningatourgivesyouthebestchanceoffindingthem,asguideswilltakeyoutotheirfavoritelocationsandsharephotographytips.(在冰岛观赏北极光的最佳时间是9月至3月中旬之间的无云夜晚。参加旅行团会让你有最大的机会看到它们，因为导游会带你去他们最喜欢的地点，并分享摄影技巧)”可知，在12月一个晴朗的夜晚参加有导游的旅行最能欣赏到北极光。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“AtFriðheimarTomatoFarm,farmershaveusedthepowerofgeothermal(地热)energytoheatgreenhousesandgrowfruitsandvegetablesyou’dotherwiseneverexpecttoseethisfarnorth.Atthefarm’srestaurant,thetomatosoupisafirmfavoriteamongcustomers.(在弗里德海马尔番茄农场，农民们利用地热能为温室供暖，种植在如此偏北的地方你根本想不到会看到的水果和蔬菜。在农场的餐厅里，番茄汤是顾客们的最爱)”可知，游客在弗里德海马尔番茄农场可以品尝到新鲜的当地农产品。故选D项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“AtFriðheimarTomatoFarm,farmershaveusedthepowerofgeothermal(地热)energytoheatgreenhousesandgrowfruitsandvegetablesyou’dotherwiseneverexpecttoseethisfarnorth.(在弗里德海马尔番茄农场，农民们利用地热能为温室供暖，种植在如此偏北的地方你根本想不到会看到的水果和蔬菜)”以及第五段“Foranequallyimpressiveandquieteroption,headofffortheSilverCircle,aday-longadventurethattakesinwaterfallsHraunfossarandBarnafossar,thehistoricReykholtValley,andtheKraumahotsprings.(想要一个同样令人印象深刻、更安静的选择，请前往银圈，这是一次为期一天的冒险，会参观赫伦瀑布和巴纳瀑布、历史悠久的雷克霍尔特山谷以及克劳马温泉)”可知，番茄农场利用了地热能，温泉利用了自然能源，所以弗里德海马尔番茄农场和银圈的共同之处是它们都可以利用自然能源。故选B项。BLiMin,atopfinance(金融)studentwhograduatedfromPekingUniversity,madeanunusualcareerchoicethatsurpassedexpectations.Insteadofseekingafinancecareer,sheexchangedherbusinesssuitfortheclothingofafarmerandwentbacktoherhometown.Herdecisionwasmetwithdoubt,especiallyfromherfamilywhoquestionedwhyshewouldleavethepromiseofahigh-paidcareerfortheuncertaintiesoffarming.Infact,LiMindesiredtomakeagriculturalpracticesmodernasshesawthebackwardnessoftraditionalfarmingduringthevisitstoherhometown.Uponreturningtohervillage,LiMinalsoencountereddisbelieffromclassmatesandvillagersalike.However,herpromisetocombinemoderntechnologyandnewpracticeswithagriculturesoonprovedtransformative,allowingfarmerstomonitorcropgrowththroughfieldsensorsandsmartphones,andmakedata-baseddecisionstoimproveproductionsandquality.Shestartedwithon-sitesalesoffruitsandvegetables.Recognizingtheinstability(不稳定性)inthesupplychainandtheneedforamoredependablesystem,LiMindevelopedthe“LaiCunWang”rural(乡村的)e-businessplatformin2015toincreasesales.By2023,LiMin’seffortshadreachedmoreareas,establishingover200ruralservicestationsandcreatingjobsforthousandsoffamilies.Hercontributiontoruraldevelopmentandpovertyfightingearnedherseveralawards,includingtheHenanInnovationAward.LiMin’sstoryisapowerfulreminderthatprofessionalsuccessisdefinedbythestrongloveforworkanddevotiononebringstoit.Herjourneyfromafinancescholartoanagriculturalleadershowshowhereffortscanbringchange,inspirecommunitiesandcontributetosustainabledevelopmentinagriculture.Itencouragesmorestudentstoseektheirdreamswithstrongbelief.24.WhatmadeLiMinchoosetoreturntoherhometownaftergraduation?A.Herdeterminationtomakeadifferencetoit. B.Herunsuccessfuljob-huntingexperiences.C.Asuddenchangeinherfinancialconditions. D.Pressurefromherfamilytocontinuefarming.25.HowdidLiMinsolvetheprobleminthesupplychain?A.Throughgovernmentfunds. B.Throughmassproduction.C.Throughexperiencedfarmers. D.ThroughInternettechnology.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLiMin?A.Generousbuthesitant. B.Big-headedandenergetic.C.Far-sightedandcreative. D.Traditionalbutindependent.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Passioncountsinourprofessions. B.Successcomesfromfullpreparations.C.Takingothers’adviceiskeyforjobchoices. D.Careerachievementsdependonfamilysupport.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了北京大学金融专业毕业生李敏放弃高薪金融职业，选择回到家乡投身农业，通过引入现代科技和电子商务平台，推动农业现代化，助力农村发展和脱贫攻坚的故事。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Infact,LiMindesiredtomakeagriculturalpracticesmodernasshesawthebackwardnessoftraditionalfarmingduringthevisitstoherhometown.(事实上，李敏希望实现农业现代化，因为她在回乡探亲时看到了传统农业的落后)”可知，李敏在回乡探亲时看到了传统农业的落后，她希望改变这一现状，让农业现代化，所以她选择毕业后回到家乡。由此可知，李敏决定毕业后回到家乡是因为她决心为家乡带来改变。故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Recognizingtheinstability(不稳定性)inthesupplychainandtheneedforamoredependablesystem,LiMindevelopedthe“LaiCunWang”rural(乡村的)e-businessplatformin2015toincreasesales.(认识到供应链的不稳定性和需要更可靠的系统，李敏在2015年开发了“来村网”农村电子商务平台，以增加销售额)”可知，李敏在2015年开发了“来村网”农村电子商务平台，以增加销售额，解决供应链不稳定的问题。由此可知，李敏通过互联网技术解决了供应链的问题。故选D。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“However,herpromisetocombinemoderntechnologyandnewpracticeswithagriculturesoonprovedtransformative,allowingfarmerstomonitorcropgrowththroughfieldsensorsandsmartphones,andmakedata-baseddecisionstoimproveproductionsandquality.(然而，她将现代技术和新实践与农业相结合的承诺很快被证明是具有变革性的，使农民能够通过田间传感器和智能手机监测作物生长，并做出基于数据的决策，以提高产量和质量)”以及第四段中“Recognizingtheinstability(不稳定性)inthesupplychainandtheneedforamoredependablesystem,LiMindevelopedthe“LaiCunWang”rural(乡村的)e-businessplatformin2015toincreasesales.(认识到供应链的不稳定性和需要更可靠的系统，李敏在2015年开发了“来村网”农村电子商务平台，以增加销售额)”可知，李敏将现代技术和新实践与农业相结合，具有前瞻性；同时，她还开发了“来村网”农村电子商务平台，具有创新性。由此可知，李敏是一个有远见且富有创造力的人。故选C。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“LiMin’sstoryisapowerfulreminderthatprofessionalsuccessisdefinedbythestrongloveforworkanddevotiononebringstoit.Herjourneyfromafinancescholartoanagriculturalleadershowshowhereffortscanbringchange,inspirecommunitiesandcontributetosustainabledevelopmentinagriculture.Itencouragesmorestudentstoseektheirdreamswithstrongbelief.(李敏的故事有力地提醒我们，职业成功是由对工作的热爱和投入所定义的。她从金融学者到农业领袖的历程表明，她的努力可以带来改变，激励社区，并促进农业的可持续发展。它鼓励更多的学生带着坚定的信念去追寻自己的梦想)”可知，李敏的故事告诉我们，职业成功是由对工作的热爱和投入所定义的，只要对工作充满热情并全力以赴，就有可能取得成功。由此可知，我们可以从文章中学到：热爱在我们的职业中很重要。故选A。CAsingleAntarctickrillisaboutthesizeofyourfinger.Butwithapopulationofmorethan700trillionintheSouthernOcean,thetinyanimal’simpactacrosstheentireplanetisenormous.They’refoodbythemillionsforseals,penguinsandwhales.Andtheysequester(隔绝)hugeamountsofcarbon—morethan$15billionworthperyear,accordingtoaresearchteam,ledbySavoca,anecologistatStanfordUniversity.ResearchersfoundthatAntarctickrillsequestersimilaramountsofcarbontocoastalseagrass,whichscientistsconsideroneoftheplanet’smostproductivecarbonsinks.Krillfeedonphytoplankton,which,likeland-basedplants,consumecarbondioxideandreleaseoxygenastheyphotosynthesize(进行光合作用).Whenkrillwastesinkstothebottomoftheocean,allthatcarbongoeswithit,sequesteringitandfreeingupspaceattheoceanicsurfaceformorecarbontobeabsorbedfromtheair.Increasingly,though,Antarctickrillfacedangerfromwarmingseasandagrowingfishery.Scientistssaythatwithoutinternationalactiontostrengthenoceanicprotectedareasandcombatclimatechange,krillpopulations—andtheresultingcarbonsequestration—coulddropoffsharplyinthecomingtenyears.ResearchersalsofoundthatanincreaseinplasticpollutionintheSouthernOceancouldreducekrill’sabilitytosequestercarbonby27percent.“Youonlyhavetolookasfarasourowncountryforthestoryofeaglestoshowyouhowquicklysomethingcangofrombeingincrediblynumeroustoextinct,”theysaid.“We’restilltryingtounderstandexactlyhowclimatechangewillaffectAntarctickrillandourresearchisinitsearlystages.Therearelotsofotherthingsweneedtoconsider,”anotherresearcherSylvestersays.“It’sjustthestart.Butwebelievewe’llmakeabreakthroughandoureffortswillbearfruit.”28.WhatistheprimaryroleofAntarctickrillintheecosystem?A.They’reamajorfoodsourceforlandanimals.B.Theyhelplockawaycarbonandsupportoceanlife.C.Theyassistinabsorbingthewasteontheoceanfloor.D.Theyreleaseoxygenandkeepthetemperatureofocean.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“combat”inparagraph4mean?A.Adaptto. B.Giveinto. C.Fightagainst. D.Putupwith.30.Whydidtheresearcherslisttheexampleofeaglesinparagraph5?A.Tomakeacomparisoninnumbers.B.Toshowwaysofavoidingspeciesextinction.C.ToprovethestrongsurvivalabilityofAntarctickrill.D.ToillustratethenecessityofprotectingAntarctickrill.31.What’sSylvester’attitudetowardtheresearch?A.Positive. B.Critical. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南极磷虾在生态系统中的重要作用，以及它们目前面临的危险，包括海洋变暖、渔业发展以及塑料污染等，同时提及了研究人员对保护南极磷虾及未来研究的积极态度。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“They’refoodbythemillionsforseals,penguinsandwhales.Andtheysequester(隔绝)hugeamountsofcarbon—morethan$15billionworthperyear,accordingtoaresearchteam,ledbySavoca,anecologistatStanfordUniversity.(它们是海豹、企鹅和鲸鱼数以百万计的食物来源。根据斯坦福大学生态学家Savoca领导的一个研究小组的说法，它们每年封存价值超过150亿美元的碳)”以及第三段“Krillfeedonphytoplankton,which,likeland-basedplants,consumecarbondioxideandreleaseoxygenastheyphotosynthesize(进行光合作用).Whenkrillwastesinkstothebottomoftheocean,allthatcarbongoeswithit,sequesteringitandfreeingupspaceattheoceanicsurfaceformorecarbontobeabsorbedfromtheair.(磷虾以浮游植物为食，浮游植物像陆地植物一样，在光合作用时消耗二氧化碳并释放氧气。当磷虾的排泄物沉入海底时，所有的碳也随之被封存起来，同时为海洋表面腾出空间，以便从空气中吸收更多的碳)”可知，南极磷虾是海豹、企鹅和鲸鱼数以百万计的食物来源，同时它们每年封存大量碳，在海洋表面腾出空间，以便从空气中吸收更多的碳，由此可知，南极磷虾在生态系统中的主要作用是帮助封存碳并支持海洋生物。故选B。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词所在句“Scientistssaythatwithoutinternationalactiontostrengthenoceanicprotectedareasandcombatclimatechange,krillpopulations—andtheresultingcarbonsequestration—coulddropoffsharplyinthecomingtenyears.(科学家们表示，如果不采取国际行动加强海洋保护区建设和combat气候变化，磷虾种群数量以及由此产生的碳封存能力可能会在未来十年内急剧下降)”可知，科学家认为如果不采取国际行动加强海洋保护区建设和对抗气候变化，磷虾种群数量以及由此产生的碳封存能力可能会在未来十年内急剧下降，由此可知，划线词“combat”意为“对抗”，与“Fightagainst”意思相近。A.Adaptto适应；B.Giveinto屈服于；C.Fightagainst对抗；D.Putupwith忍受。故选C。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“ResearchersalsofoundthatanincreaseinplasticpollutionintheSouthernOceancouldreducekrill’sabilitytosequestercarbonby27percent.“Youonlyhavetolookasfarasourowncountryforthestoryofeaglestoshowyouhowquicklysomethingcangofrombeingincrediblynumeroustoextinct,”theysaid.(研究人员还发现，南大洋塑料污染的增加可能会使磷虾封存碳的能力降低27%。他们说：“你只要看看我们自己国家鹰的故事，就会知道某种生物是如何从数量众多迅速走向灭绝的”)”可知，研究人员提到鹰的数量从众多到灭绝的例子，是为了说明如果南极磷虾得不到保护，也会面临类似的危险，由此可知，研究人员在第五段中列举鹰的例子是为了说明保护南极磷虾的必要性。故选D。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““We’restilltryingtounderstandexactlyhowclimatechangewillaffectAntarctickrillandourresearchisinitsearlystages.Therearelotsofotherthingsweneedtoconsider,”anotherresearcherSylvestersays.“It’sjustthestart.Butwebelievewe’llmakeabreakthroughandoureffortswillbearfruit.”(另一位研究人员Sylvester说：“我们仍在努力准确理解气候变化将如何影响南极磷虾，我们的研究还处于早期阶段。我们还需要考虑很多其他的事情。这只是开始。但我们相信我们会取得突破，我们的努力会取得成果。”)”可知，Sylvester认为虽然关于气候变化如何影响南极磷虾的研究还处于早期阶段，但他们会取得突破，努力会取得成果，由此可知，Sylvester对研究持积极态度。故选A。DNowadaysgenerative(生成的)AItoolslikeChatGPTarefloodingintoschools,promisingtotransformlearning.Butinarecentstudy,researchersuncoveredahiddendanger:thebetterthesetoolsperform,themoretheymightdropstudents’abilitytothinkbythemselves.Nearly1,000studentsfromgrade9to11inTurkeyjoinedthestudy.Theyweredividedintothreegroups:onewithnoAIaccess(使用权)—thecontrolgroup,oneusingChatGPT,andoneusingGPTTutor—animprovedAItutordesignedbyteacherswhichgaveguidanceinsteadofanswersandincludedfixesforcommonmistakes.Overfourweeks,studentsusedthesetoolsduringpracticeperiods,andthenwerefollowedbyexamswithoutAIhelp.Duringpracticeperiods,studentsusingtheChatGPTscored48%higherthanthosewithoutAI.ThoseusingtheimprovedGPTTutorscored127%higher.However,inexamswithoutAI,ChatGPTusersperformed17%worsethanthecontrolgroup.GPTTutorusers,ontheotherhand,didjustaswellasstudentswhoneverusedAI.ThisshowsthatwhileAIcanbettershorttermperformance,poorlydesignedtoolsmighthurtreallearning.ResearchersfoundthatstudentsusingChatGPToftenaskedfordirectanswersinsteadoftryingtosolveproblemsthemselves.About31%oftheirmessagesweresimplerequestslike,“What’sthe’answer?”Incomparison,GPTTutorusersspentmoretimeaskingforguidanceorexplainingtheirdetails.ThesafeguardsinGPTTutor—likedetailedguidance—helpedstudentsthinkcritically.Withoutthesefeatures,ChatGPTactedlikea“crutch”,makingstudentslesspreparedfortheirownhomework.Surveysalsoshowedanotherfact.ChatGPTusersfeltconfidentabouttheirexamperformance,eventhoughtheirscoresdropped.GPTTutorusersbelievedtheylearnedmore,eventhoughtheirexamresultsweresimilartothecontrolgroup.ThissuggeststhatAItoolsmightcreatefalseconfidenceifnotcarefullydesigned.Inshort,generativeAIhasgreatpromiseineducation,butitsdesignmatters.Toolsbuiltwithteacherexpertiseandfocusonproblem-solvingcanhelpstudentslearn.Thosethatprioritizespeedoverunderstandingmightdomoreharmthangood.32.WhichaspectofgenerativeAItoolsdoesthenewresearchfocuson?A.Itsadvancement. B.Itsaccuracy. C.Itsflexibility. D.Itsinfluence.33.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Experimentaldesign. B.Studyresults. C.Researchbackground. D.Toolfunctions.34.WhichrequestisastudentusingGPTTutorlikelytomake?A.Gradethemonthlytestpaperquickly. B.Providethebesttitleofmycomposition.C.Walkmethroughthisproblemstepbystep. D.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.35.WhatdothesurveysconcerningAItoolspresentinparagraph5?A.Amisunderstandingoftheproductdesigncontents.B.Amismatchbetweenstudentbeliefsandactualresults.C.ConfidenceisdirectlyaffectedbycomplexityofAItools.D.ScoresdifferbetweenChatGPTusersandthecontrolgroup.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现人工智能工具会降低学生独立思考的能力，解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butinarecentstudy,researchersuncoveredahiddendanger:thebetterthesetoolsperform,themoretheymightdropstudents’abilitytothinkbythemselves.(但在最近的一项研究中，研究人员发现了一个隐藏的危险：这些工具的性能越好，它们就越有可能降低学生独立思考的能力)”可知，新的研究集中在生成式人工智能工具的影响方面。故选D。【33题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Nearly1,000studentsfromgrade9to11inTurkeyjoinedthestudy.Theyweredividedintothreegroups:onewithnoAIaccess(使用权)—thecontrolgroup,oneusingChatGPT,andoneusingGPTTutor—animprovedAItutordesignedbyteacherswhichgaveguidanceinsteadofanswersandincludedfixesforcommonmistakes.Overfourweeks,studentsusedthesetoolsduringpracticeperiods,andthenwerefollowedbyexamswithoutAIhelp.(土耳其近1000名9年级到11年级的学生参加了这项研究。他们被分为三组：一组没有人工智能访问——对照组，一组使用ChatGPT，一组使用GPT导师——一种由教师设计的改进的人工智能导师，提供指导而不是答案，并包括对常见错误的修复。在四周的时间里，学生们在练习期间使用这些工具，然后在没有人工智能帮助的情况下进行考试)”可知，第二段的主要内容是实验设计。故选A。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Incomparison,GPTTutorusersspentmoretimeaskingforguidanceorexplainingtheirdetails.ThesafeguardsinGPTTutor—likedetailedguidance—helpedstudentsthinkcritically.Withoutthesefeatures,ChatGPTactedlikea“crutch”,makingstudentslesspreparedfortheirownhomework.(相比之下，GPTTutor的用户花更多的时间寻求指导或解释他们的细节。GPTTutor的保障措施——比如详细的指导——帮助学生批判性地思考。没有这些功能，ChatGPT就像一根“拐杖”，让学生对自己的作业准备不足)”可知，GPTTutor的用户花更多的时间寻求指导或解释他们的细节。由此推知，使用GPTTutor的学生可能会提出“一步一步地告诉我这个问题”。故选C。【35题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Surveysalsoshowedanotherfact.ChatGPTusersfeltconfidentabouttheirexamperformance,eventhoughtheirscoresdropped.GPTTutorusersbelievedtheylearnedmore,eventhoughtheirexamresultsweresimilartothecontrolgroup.(调查还显示了另一个事实。ChatGPT的用户对他们的考试表现很有信心，即使他们的分数下降了。GPT导师的用户认为他们学到了更多，即使他们的考试成绩与对照组相似)”可知，关于人工智能工具的调查是学生的信念和实际结果不匹配。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Notallhikersaregreatpathfinders.Ifyouwanttoexploretheoutdoors,it’snecessarytohavetherighttools.Lastsummer,Iwentonahikingtriptothemountains.Ihadadigitalmaponmyphone.Halfway,myphonebatterydied.____36____Thisexperiencetaughtmethatbothcanmakeyourtravelsmoreenjoyable.____37____Theycanshowthelatestinformationaboutlocations,events,andservices.Forexample,theycandisplaytrafficconditionsandnearbyrestaurants,andeven