第二章第2讲-代词数词-学案

第二章语法复习第2讲代词&数词学习目标1.掌握代词的分类及考点易错点；2.掌握数词的分类及考点易错点。【进门测试】代词1．Ialwayshave______milkand______eggsinthemorning.(

)A．alittle;afew B．alittle;an C．afew;alittle2．Doweneed______vegetableseveryday?(

)A．any B．much C．toany3．—Mysisterhasaspecialhobby.(

)—What’s_____hobby?A．his B．she C．her4．Didyoudo_____lastnight?(

)A．somethingelse B．elseanything C．anythingelse5．Thatbookisbiggerthan_____.(

)A．your B．mine C．me6．—_____didyougotoTurpanwith?(

)—Myparents.A．Who B．Whose C．Who’s7．Tell_____aboutyournewschool,please.(

)A．we B．our C．us8．Thereweren’t_____puterroomsatall.(

)A．some B．any C．little9．—Haveyougot_______kites?(

)—Yes,I’vegot_______Chinesekites.A．any;any B．any;some C．some;some10．—Yourfeet______smallerthan______.(

)—Youareright.A．is;me B．are;my C．are;mine11．Idon’tlikethisshirt.Canyoushowme______one?(

)A．another B．other C．theother D．others12．YesterdayMumbought______seafoodinthesupermarket.(

)A．much B．many C．alot D．afew13．Wecanhelp______toclean______homes.(

)A．their;them B．them;their C．they;their二、数词一、单选题1．—What’sthedatetoday?(

)—ItisNovember_______.A．1st B．2st C．3st2．Ourclassroomisonthe______floor.(

)A．second B．two C．one3．Decemberisthe______monthoftheyear.(

)A．twelfth B．twelve C．ten4．Juneisthe______monthoftheyear.(

)A．fifth B．sixth C．seventh5．March18thismysister’s_____birthdaythisyear.(

)A．three B．third C．thethree D．thethird6．—Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?(

)—Thereare_____peopleinmyfamily.A．eighth B．six C．seventh二、用单词正确形式填空7．Septemberisthe____(nine)monthoftheyear.8．Autumnisthe____(three)season.9．TodayisNationalDay.It’s_____(one)ofOctober.10．Maryhas_______(two)books.The_______(two)isapicturebook.三、选词/短语填空11．MybirthdayisonJulythe______(one/first).12．Mother’sDayisonthe______(two/second)SundayinMay.13．Itis______(three/third)o’clock.14．Thereare______(eight/eighth)peopleinhisfamily.四、按要求填空请写出对应的基数词或序数词。onetwothree___15___five___16___seveneightnine___17______18______19___fourth___20___sixth___21______22______23___【多元导学】一、代词onethe

otheronethe

otherssomeothersoneanother【互动精讲】考点梳理考点一人称代词

人称代词即代指对人或物的称呼的词(你、我、他等),分为主格和宾格两种形式。1.人称代词的分类数单数复数格人称主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit2.人称代词的用法(1)主格用法用法例句作主语Youmustbecarefulwhenyouwanttomakefriendsonline.网上交友要当心。(2)宾格用法用法例句作宾语Mybrotherisn’tabletoridethebike.SoI’mgoingtohelphimwithit.我妹妹不会骑自行车,因此我打算帮她。作表语It’sme.是我。考点二物主代词

表示人和物之间的所有关系的代词称为物主代词。1.物主代词的分类物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。人称数形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称单数mymine复数ourours第二人称单数youryours复数youryours第三人称单数his,her,itshis,hers,its复数theirtheirs2.物主代词的用法(1)形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,在句中用作定语,后面必须接名词。Thisismybike.这是我的自行车。(2)名词性物主代词具有名词的特性,后面不能再跟名词。它相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。—Whosebikeisthis?这是谁的自行车?—It’smine.是我的。(mine=mybike)考点三反身代词

反身代词就是代指某人自己,单数以self结尾,复数以selves结尾。第一、二人称反身代词由形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成;第三人称反身代词由宾格人称代词+self/selves构成。人称数第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves考点四不定代词

不明确指代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物的代词叫不定代词。1.不定代词分类不定代词作用在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和同位语等分类肯定性both,all,many,much,one,other,each,another,either,afew,alittle,some(someone,somebody,something),any(anyone,anybody,anything),everyone,everybody,everything否定性no,neither,none,nobody,nothing,few,little2.不定代词的特殊用法(1)当形容词或else修饰不定代词时,不定代词总是位于修饰词的前面。Thereisnothingnewinhisspeech.他的讲话中没什么新东西。Didshetellyouanythingelse?她还告诉你别的什么事情了吗?(2)当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词时,其附加疑问句的主语通常用代词they来代替;当句子的主语是指物的复合不定代词时,其附加疑问句的主语通常用代词it来代替。Everyoneishere,aren’tthey?大家都来了,不是吗?Everythingbeginstogrowinspring,doesn’tit?春天万物复苏,不是吗?考点五指示代词

指示代词有单数形式的this与that和复数形式的these与those。指示代词的用法主要有以下几点:1.this和these指时间或空间较近的人或物,也指下文将要提到的事,还可用来介绍别人;that和those指时间或空间较远的人或物,也指刚刚提到过的事。Thisismybookandthatisyours.这是我的书,那本是你的。Dorememberthis:Neverputoffwhatyoucandotodaytilltomorrow.一定要记住这一点:今日事今日毕。Thisismyfriend,Bob.这是我的朋友鲍勃。2.打电话时用this介绍自己,用that询问对方。ThisisLilyspeaking.IsthatLucy?我是丽丽,你是路西吗?3.that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的单数名词或不可数名词;若前面提到的是复数名词,则用those代替。TheweatherinShanghaiismuchwarmerthanthatinBeijinginwinter.冬天上海的天气比北京的暖和得多。Thepearsonthistreearebiggerthanthoseonthatone.这棵树上的梨比那棵树上的大。考点精讲知识点一（代词的用法）【知识梳理1】it的用法1)代替除人以外的第三人称单数。It’sarobot它是机器人。2)表示天气、时间、距离、环境等。It’scloudy.天气多云。It’sDecember1,2008today.今天是2008年I2月1日。Itisfivekilometersfromheretotheairport.这里离机场5公里远。【例题精讲】例.YourMP4isquitecheap.Wheredidyoubuy_____?Iwanttobuy_____,too.A.one;one B.it;it C.it;one D.one;it【巩固练习】Listen!Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Whocan_____beA.she B.he C.they D.it【知识梳理2】不定代词any,some总结：肯定句否定句及疑问句Somesome用于肯定句，“一些”，后面加名词复数或不可数名词Some若用于疑问句，表达想要得到对方的肯定回答，如Wouldyoulikesomecoffee，please？Anyany若用于肯定句，强调“任一”，后面加名词单数any用于否定句或疑问句，“一些”，后面加名词复数或者不可数名词。【例题精讲】例1.Tomisstrongerthan__________inhisclass.A.anystudents B.otherstudent C.anyotherstudent D.anyotherstudents【巩固练习】1.Weneedn’tbuyanyflouroreggstomakecakes.(改为肯定句）Webuyflour

eggstomake

cakes.2.Ihavesomemilkwithme.(改为一般疑问句）________youhave__________ilkwithyou?【知识梳理3】复合不定代词1.复合不定代词的各种形式列表如下:somethingsomebodysomeoneanythinganybodyanyonenothingnobodynooneeverythingeverybodyeveryone2.something,somebody和someone用于肯定句；anything，anybody和anyone则用于否定

句或疑问句。3.nothing,nobody和noone表示否定；everything，everybody:和everyone则表示肯定。Ifoundnothinginmyroom.=Ididn’tfindanythinginmyroom.4.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数。Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourclass.既然每个人都到了，让我们开始上课。5.复合不定代词的定语须放在它们的后面。 IhavesomethingimportanttotellyouThereisnothingnewinnewspaper.【例题精讲】例1.Areyougoingtomake__________forthefoodfestival?A.anythingspecial B.specialanything C.somethingspecial D.specialsomething例2.Thereissomeonewho__________toseeyou.A.want B.wants C.wanted D.willwant例3.I’vesomething__________you.A.tell B.told C.totell D.telling【巩固练习】1.Everything__________ready.Wecanstartnow.A.are B.is C.be D.were2.There’s__________withhiseyes.He’sOK.【知识梳理4】不定代词few,afew,little,alittle（有“a”就是有一点，表肯定；没“a”就是没有，表否定。）肯定否定可数名词afew，虽少，但有几个few，几乎没有不可数名词alittle，虽少，但有一点little，几乎没有notafew=quiteafew=many;notalittle=quitealittle=much前面有only或still的时候，后面只能接带a的短语。【例题精讲】例1.Hurryup.Thereis_________timeleft.A.little B.alittle C.few D.afew例2.Iamafraidyoucan’tpostsomanyletterswithso__________money.A.less B.few C.alittle D.little例3.Thereislittlejuiceintheglass,__________?A.isn’tthere B.isthere C.hasit D.hasn’tit例4.Myeldersisterhasread__________detectivestories.A.verylittle B.veryfew C.quitealittle D.quiteafew例5.Hedoesn’ttalkalot.Heisamanof__________words.A.few B.little C.afew D.alittle【知识梳理5】不定代词

one,(the)other,(the)others,

another1.one表示“一个，一人”：表示承接前面已出现过的同种类可数名词，复数形式为ones。other表示“其他的，另外的”：通常与复数名词搭配，others本身就指代复数。Shedoesn’tcarewhatotherpeoplethink.

Somepeoplelikeplayingfootball，othersdon’t.有些人喜欢踢足球，其他一些人不喜欢踢足球。2.another所指的是单数，表示“另外的，又一”;通常也与单数名词搭配。another如与一以上的基数词搭配，便可与复数名词连用，表示“另外几个”。She’llhavetobeinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.

3.theother只限于两个中的“另一个”;

another表示“另一个”则不受此限制others指许

多当中的“另外几个'Therearemanyrestaurantsontheothersideofthestreet.Thiscoatdoesn’tfitme.Pleaseshowmeanotherone.Fiveofthegirlsfinishedtheirhomework,theothersdidn’t.4.one...theother...指“一个……（两个中）另一个人/物”。one...theothers…指“一个……（许多中的）另外几+入/物”some…others…指“一些……另一些”。Mr.Brownhastwohouses.Oneisnewandtheotherisold. One

ofthequestionswasdifficult,buttheothers

werequiteeasy.Someyoungpeoplelikepopsongs,otherslikeclassicalmusic.总结：词性用法做题思路otheradj.不能单独使用，后面必须接可数名词复数必须接名复anotherpron./adj.三者或三者以上的“另一个”，泛指。单独使用时=another+名词单数，是单数概念anothertwodays。可接可不接theotherpron./adj.两者中的另一个，单独使用时=theother+名词单数，是单数概念当后面加名词复数时，=theothersothers代词其余的（人或物），泛指一定不能接名词theothers代词剩下的全部（人或物）=therest=theother+名词复数【巩固练习】1.Beijingisreallyanicecity.Wewanttostayfor_________twoweeks.A.another B.other C.theother D.other’s2.Itwasaterribleaccident.Onepassengerwaskilled,and_________wasbadlyhurt.A.theothers B.theother C.others D.therest【知识梳理6】不定代词each，every;eachother，oneanother1.each指两个或两个以上中的每一个，既可作代词，也可作形容词；而every只能作形容词，

指三个或三个以上中的每一个。Oneachsideofthestreetthereareshopsandhotels.Oneach/everysideofthesquaretherearetallbuildings.Heestoseehisparentseveryfourdays.2.each表示“每个”，侧重“个别”;

every则侧重“全体”。Eachhashisowntask.Nearlyeverystudentinmyclasshaspassedtheexam.3.eachother和oneanother均为相互代词，都表示“彼此，相互”，可以相互替换。它们的属格

形式是eachother’s和oneanother’s。【例题精讲】例1._________ofthemknowsJapanese,soI’llhavetoaskanotherpersonforhelp.A.Neither B.Either C.Both D.Each例2.Ienjoythepopulardance“hiphop”,but________ofmyparentslikesit.A.either B.both C.none D.neither【巩固练习】1._________ofthestudentshashisownideaaboutthattopic.A.Every B.Each C.All D.Other2.Everytelevisionweproduce_________itsownnumber.A.has B.have C.having D.tohave知识点二（数词）【知识梳理1】1.基数词的构成1.表示数量多少的词是基数词，如：one,two,three，four等。2.数词的构成1）从1－12分别由从one到twelve，12个各不相同的词表示。one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve2）从13－19均以后缀teen结尾。thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen从20－90的整十数词均以后缀ty结尾。表示“几十几”时，个位和十位之间需加连字符。30，40，40，80的拼写较为特殊twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninetytwentythree4）整百数由1—9加hundred构成。one(a)hundredfivehundred5)整百数和整十数之间由and连接，十位与个位之间要加连字符“”。如果十位数为零，那就在百位和个位之间用and连接。246twohundredandfortysixSummary:112:(记住每个单词），1319:teen(thir,fif,eigh)；2090:ty(twen,thir,for,fif,eigh)；2199:十位+个位

2.序数词的构成序数词表示排列顺序，如first,second,third等。1)序数词第一、第二和第三为first,second和third,其他序数词的构成是在基数词后加th。例如：

six→sixthfour→fourth2)fifth(第五)、eighth(第八)、ninth(第九)和twelfth(第十二)在拼法上有变化。first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,twelfth,thirteenth,fourteenth,fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth3)二十、三十等基数词变为序数词时,要把y变成ie再加th。例如：twenty→twentiethforty→fortieth

twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth4)基数词几十几变成序数词时,表示几十的数词不变,只把表示几的基数词变成序数词。例如：

twentyone→twentyfirst

fortyfive→fortyfifth5）.序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成。例如：

1st,2nd,3rd,4th,21st,32nd,40th7)序数词前必须加定冠词the

ThefirsttimeIcametoNanjing,Ilikeditverymuch.我第一次来南京，我就非常喜欢这个城市。【小试牛刀】从第一至第十二：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(默写)大多的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。(2)从第二十至第九十九整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为ie，再加“th”构成。第二十___________________；第四十_____________________；第五十_____________________；第八十___________________；第九十_____________________。(3)表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“－”和个位序数词形式一起表示。第三十一_________________；第五十六___________________；第九十九___________________。(4)序数词的缩写first–1st,second–2nd,third–3rd;fourth–4th,sixth–6th;twentieth–20th;twentythird23rd其中1st,2nd,3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。【知识梳理2】基数词变序数词“基”变“序”，有规律“一二三”特殊记，词尾字母t、d、d：onefirsttwosecondthreethird规则变形（加“th”）从“四”起：fournineteenfourthnineteenth八去“t”九去“e”：eighteighthnineninthf来把ve替：fivefifthtwelvetwelfth单词ty作结尾，ty变成tie：twentytwentieththirtythirtieth若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以：fortyone→fortyfirst【例题精讲】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。例1.GeorgeWashingtonisthe(1)presidentofAmerica.例2.Iamthe(9)studenttoetotheclassroom.【课堂检测】代词一、单选题1．—Isthathismother’scar?(

)—Yes,_____is.A．it B．he C．she2．—Issheyourdeskmate?(

)—Yes,she’s_____deskmate.A．your B．my C．a3．—_______carrotisit?(

)—It’smine.A．Who B．Which C．Whose4．—Hello,Sarah.Isthisyourhat?(

)—No,it’snot__________.A．me B．mine C．my5．Mike’sfishisbiggerthan_______.

(

)A．you B．your C．yours6．Yourfeetarebiggerthan_____.(

)A．me B．my C．mine7．LiMingcan’tflyakite.Canyouteach_______?(    )A．she B．he C．him8．—______storybooksarethese?(

)—Theseare______.A．Whose;mine B．Who’s;my C．Whose;my9．TodayisMother’sDay.______willyoudoforyourmum?(

)A．What B．When C．Where10．—______doyouusuallydoonMidAutumnDay?(

)—Weusuallyeatmooncakes.A．When B．How C．What二、用单词正确形式填空11．IsAlice____(you)newfriend?Yes,____(she)isfromAmerica.____(she)hairislong.12．Janecanstretch____(she)arms,butshe____(can)touchhertoes.13．—Whatcan____(your)draw?—Icandraw____(me).14．Thisis____(me)uncle.____(he)nameisJohn.____(he)iskind.15．IssheJack’sfriend?Yes,she’s______(he)classmatetoo.16．_____(he)feet_____(be)big.17．Thisis______(Kally)hat._____(she)likes_____(she)hat.18．Ilikepandas.Doyoulike______(it)?19．Wecantouchwith______(we)hands.20．_____(I)birthdayisonMar.1st.____(you)birthdayisonMar.12th.21．Thebigducklingeatsallof________(they).22．________(he)nameisJackson.Youcancall_______(he)BigStone.23．—_________(who)knivesarethese?

—They’re________(Kitty).24．MayIhave________(some)watermelonjuice?25．Thereisn’t______(some)waterinthecup.26．—_____(who)redpencilcaseisthat?—It’s______(Kitty).27．Let_______(they)playfootballinthegardennow.三、选出错误选项并改正28．Tellweaboutyourschool.()______A

B

C

D29．Heismefather.()______A

BC

D30．Hefavouriteseasonissummer.()___________A

B

C31．Whereseasondoyoulikebest?()_______

A

B

C数词一、单选题1．Morethan______studentswenttotheCenturyPark.(

)A．hundredsof B．fivehundreds C．fivehundredof D．fivehundred2．Theshopisat_______crossing.(

)A．third B．thethird C．two D．thetwo3．Therewereabouttwo_____treesintheparklastyear.(

)A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundredof4．Thereare_________monthsinayear.(

)A．three B．twelve C．four5．Thereare______monthsinayear.Decemberisthe______month.(

)A．twelve;twelve B．twelve;twelfth C．twelfth;twelfth6．Ithasgotmorethaneight________people.(

)A．hundreds B．thousands C．million7．Itwasmygrandma’s_____birthday.Mymother_____heragift.(

)A．theninetieth;gave B．theninetieth;gives C．ninetieth;gave8．TheMidautumnFestivalis__________the__________dayoftheeighthlunarmonth.(

)A．in;fifteen B．on;fifteenth C．on;fifteen9．MybirthdayisonOctober______.(

)A．thefifth B．five C．thefive D．fifth10．—Whattimeisit?(

)—It’s_________.A．fifteenpastfive B．fourfifty C．fouro’clock D．fourfifteen二、用单词正确形式填空11．Watercoversalmostthree_____(quarter)oftheEarth.12．Osakaisthe_______(two)largestcityinJapan.13．Mymother’sbirthdayisonthe_______(five)ofOctober.14．LiuYangbeesthe__________womanastronautofChinainthespace.(one)15．Ithinkthe_________(two)storyinthebookisinteresting.三、阅读判断MrReadandhissonRobertgooutforawalk.Heputsonapairofshoestogetherwithapairofdifferentsocks,onewhiteandoneyellow.Whenheesoutofhishouse,hissonseesthecoloursofhisfather’ssocksandsay,“Youweartwodifferentsocks,Dad.”Sothefatherlooksathissocksandsayshappily,“Thanks,mydearson.youaresoclever!”Thenhegoesbacktothehouseandwearsanotherpairofsocks,andesoutagain.Hissonlooksathisfather’ssocks,butstillonewhiteandoneyellow.So,theygobacktothehouseagain,andhissonseesthepairofsocksonthebed,onewhiteandoneyellow.16．MrReadgoesoutforawalkwithhisson.()17．MrReadputsonapairofsockstogetherwithapairofdifferentshoes.()18．MrReadgoesbacktothehouseandgetsanotherpairofshoes.()19．MrReadcan’tfindthesocks.()20．Thesocksonthebedaredifferentcolours.()四、阅读选择Jimwasnotbadatschool,buthewasnotclean.Hisfaceandhandsarealwaysdirtybecausehewashedthemwithwateronly.Heneverusedsoap(肥皂).Jimhadanaunt.Onedayshewenttoseehim.S