Unit3 Discovering Useful Structures - Assessing Your Progress 词汇精讲课堂

版本：新人教单元：必修三

Unit3

(DiscoveringUsefulStructures—AssessingYourProgress)词汇课堂本单元词汇梳理1.Atlantic拓展Pacific,Oceania,Indian,Arctic2.financialfinance(财政；金融)—financial3.poetry词族：poem,poet,poetry4.jeans词源：jean是中世纪的一种厚实的斜纹棉布，用来制作衣服和船帆。19世纪中在美国西部兴起淘金热，大量人口涌入西部淘金。由于强烈的劳动，工人的衣服极易破损。看到这种商机后，两名生意人LeviStrauss和JacobDavis设计了一种新型耐磨的工装裤，并用铆钉加固易破损部位，用的就是jean这种斜纹棉布面料。很快，这种结实耐用的工装裤在市场上受到了美国西部牛仔们的喜爱。由于是用jean面料做成的，所以这种工装裤也被称为jean(牛仔裤)，一般用复数形式jeans。5.boot常用复数；词块：apairofboots6.poison名词动词化：使中毒；毒死；词族：poison,poisoning,poisonous7.fold一词多义：基本义“折叠”词族：fold,unfold,folding8.super非正式用语adj

英语释义extremelygood(同义词excellent,wonderful)adv

英语释义extremely,especially9.collectioncollect+-ion；词块：acollectionof,astampcollection词族：collect,collection,collector10.percentagepercent+-age11.climate隐喻：具体的“气候”→抽象的“风气”“环境气氛”词块：climatechange12.mild一词多义：基本义“温和的”13.settle一词多义：词源义cometorest，基本义“定下来”词块：settledown,settlefor派生词：settlement,settler14.constructionconstruction：construct(v

建造)+-ionconstruct：con-(together一起)+struct(堆砌；建造）词块：underconstruction15.material一词多义，基本义“材料”隐喻：具体的“材料”→抽象的“做……事的料/当……的料”词块：reading/teachingmaterials16.clothingclothing较clothes更正式，是服装的统称，尤用以指某种类型的服装；clothes指穿的衣服17.herbalherb—herbal；Chineseherbalmedicine18.suit词源：词源义是“跟随的一群人”，后指配备给随从的统一的制服，最后演变成现在的套装、西服名词动词化：适宜；派生词：suited,suitable19.containcontain：con-(together共同)+tain(tohold持有)→共同持有→包含；熟词生义：抑制；防止……蔓延；派生词：containerWuhan/Shijiazhuangisonlockdowntocontainthespreadofanewcoronavirusoutbreak.重难点词精讲settle一词多义搭配义一词多义suit辨析义collection隐喻名词动词化mild一词多义item一词多义contain熟词生义material一词多义一词多义fold

vt&vi折叠；折起来；合拢：foldthepaperinhalffoldone’sarmsfoldanumbrellaTheflyingvehiclehasfourwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.2017

全国改

vt包；裹：foldababyinablanket将布料等“折叠”起来包裹人或物基本义foldv

n

[C]褶；褶痕：foldsofadressCutthepaperalongthefold.

►foldingadj［只用于名词前］可折叠的：

afoldingbikecollect

v

vt收集；采集(gather)：collectdata/evidence/information

vt收藏：Stampcollectorsusuallycollectstampsonlyfromcertaincountriesorregions.

2012江西

vi&vt募集；收取（租金、税等）：

Wevolunteeredtocollectmoneytohelpthevictimsoftheearthquake.

vi&vt积聚(accumulate)；聚集(gather)：Dirthascollectedinthecornersoftheroom.Acrowdcollectswhenthere’satrafficaccident.

vt取走（某物）；接走（某人）(pickup)：Aftertherubbishissorted,itneedstobecollectedandthentakentotherecyclingcentercol-(together一起)+lect(togather收集)→收集到一起→收集（基本义）collect【温故】collectionn(collect+-ion)

[U]收集；采集；[U]&[C]收取：Thefirststageinresearchisdatacollection.rubbishcollection

[C]

（故事、诗歌、音乐等的）集子；专辑：

acollectionofshortstories

[C]

（常指同类的）收集物；收藏品：

astamp/coincollection

[C]募捐；募集的钱：acollectionforthepooracollectionbox

[C]

一批物品；一群人：acollectionofinterestingpeopleThelibraryhasacollectionof80,000booksand90kindsofnewspapersandmagazines.2012湖南collect&collection

语义网络图“收集”物品收集；采集收藏积聚；聚集collectioncollect收集；采集；收取（常指同类的）收集物；收藏品一批物品；一群人收集collect基本义取走（某物）；接走（某人）募集；收取（租金、税等）募捐；募集的钱“收集”同一类物品并保存“收集”捐款、租金、税金等“收集”分散的东西或人使集中“收集”物或人并将其带走（故事、诗歌、音乐等的）集子；专辑

温和的；温柔的：Hehastoomildanaturetogetangry,evenifhegoodcause.

（天气）温暖的；暖和的反cold：amildwinter

轻微的；不严重的

(slight)：

mildsunburnHelookedatherinmildsurprise.Hesufferedfromamildheartattack.

味淡的；不浓的反hot：mildcheese基本义——温和的mildadj人性格、态度“温和的”天气“温和的”疾病状况等“温和的”味道“温和的”（天气）温暖的；暖和的温和的；温柔的温和的mild（基本义）天气“温和的”人性格、态度“温和的”轻微的；不严重的疾病状况等“温和的”mild语义网络图味淡的；不浓的味道“温和的”settle猜猜settle的释义♣Rememberthateverythingcanbesettledbydiscussion.♣I’mgladtolearnthatyou’vesettleddowninBostonandaregettingusedtothelocalwayoflife.♣TheysettledinatacomfortableEastSidecafeandwithinminutes,anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable.

vi&vt坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置

togetintoorputsbintoacomfortableposition：Shesettledherselfintoherchairandstartedtoread.

vi&vt（移民、殖民）定居（于）tomakeaplaceyourpermanenthome：ThisregionwassettledbytheDutchinthe19thcentury.

vi&vt对某事达成一致意见；解决:settleanargument/aproblem

vt

[常用于被动语态]确定；决定：

ItwassettledthattheywouldgetmarriedinJune.settlev词源义cometorest1.Shebreatheddeeplytosettle

hernerves.2.Abutterflysettledonaredflower.3.Backinthehotel,anairofsadnesssettledoverthegroup.2009浙江4.Depressionsettledoverherlikeaheavyblackcloud.5.Thehousehadbeenemptyforyears,anddusthadsettledonallthefurniture.

根据settle的基本义cometorest，猜猜下列句子中settle的意思。使平静降落围绕围绕降落停止移动、定下来settle基本义人停止移动人停止奔波停止或结束争论分歧等对某事达成一致意见；解决定居坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置计划、安排、行程等定下来（使）平静；（使）安定情绪等定下来抽象事物停止移动降落；停留围绕；充满物停止移动确定；决定settle语义网络图settledown

舒适地坐下/躺下：Theyputupthetent,andsettleddowntoeatthesandwiches.2009江西

安顿下来；安定下来：Whenareyougoingtogetmarriedandsettledown?

（使）安静；（使）平静：Shedidn’tstartthelessonuntilthepupilssettleddown.settle(down)to

开始专心于；着手认真做：Withsomuchnoiseoutside,Icouldn’tsettledowntomywork.settlefor勉强接受；将就：

Shedoesn’tsettleforanythingbutthebest.重要搭配词汇拓展settlement

n

[C]

定居点

[U]

移民；殖民；开拓：thesettlementoftheAmericanWest

[C]协议：cometo/

reachapeacesettlement

with

[U]

解决；处理：

thesettlementofanissuesettlern[C]

移居者；殖民者material基本义——材料n

[C]&[U]

[常用复数]材料；原料：reading/teachingmaterialsHeisagoodsoldier,butnotreallyofficermaterial.

[C]&[U]布料：curtainmaterial

[U]素材：She’scollectingmaterialforherlatestnovel.

adj

[只用于名词前]物质的；物质上的词汇拓展

materiallyadv物质上做衣服等的“材料”用于写作等的“材料”suitbusinesssuitswimmingsuitn

[C]（一套）衣服：abusiness/swimmingsuitvt（服装、颜色等）适合；对（某人）方便；中……的意：Ifoundaneveningdressthatsuitedmeperfectly.Ifwemeetat9a.m.,wouldthatsuityou?ThereisChinesefoodtosuiteveryone’staste,withtraditionaldishesfromalloverChina.人教新必修③–3suit...to使……适合：Agoodteachersuitshislessontotheageofhispupils.►suitedadj［不用于名词前，与for/to连用］适合的：bebestsuitedto/forsuit

词源义是“跟随的一群人”，后指配备给随从的统一的制服，最后演变成现在的套装、西服。suitsuit,fit,match辨析三者都可用作动词，有“适合”之意。suit主要指服装款式、颜色或花样等适合，也可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、身份等。Redandblackarecoloursthatsuitmeverywell.Theseveno’clocktrainwillsuitusverywell.Veryspicyfooddoesn’tsuitmystomach.

fit多指大小、形状等合适，引申为“一致”“吻合”。Hercoatfits(her)exactly.Allthefactscertainlyfityourtheory.match

多指大小、色调、形状、性质等相匹配、协调。Thecurtainsandthecarpetsmatchperfectly.Doyouthinkthesetwocoloursmatch?衣服穿在身上漂亮用suit，穿在身上不大不小用fit，协调、匹配用matchitem这里的item指的是“新闻”“报道”的意思，平时我们在阅读英语原版文章时，这两个国外网站，也可以供我们选择。读书破万卷，下笔如有神。外刊文章读多了，写出的文章自然也会非常地道。itemn[C]

（表格、目录、数据等的）项目；细目：Wehavemanyitemstodiscussinourmeetingtoday.

一件商品/物品：CanIpayforeachitemseparately?

一条/一则（新闻）：Whatisthefirstnewsitemmainlyabout?containcontain由con-(together共同)+tain(tohold握，持)构成，共同持有→包含containvt

包含；容纳；含有：Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.2010广东Ilostafilecontainingalotofimportantdocuments.

抑制；控制：Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme.2011陕西Wuhanisonlockdowntocontainthespreadofanewcoronavirusoutbreak.词汇拓展containern[C]器皿；容器；集装箱一物“包含”另一物将情绪“包含”在心里名词动词化说出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.Althoughthesoldiersufferedheadinjury,hestillwantedtoheadtothewarzone（地带）.__________2.Lintonstoppedcrying,andliftedhisgreatblueeyestoeyetheman.________3.Abackinjurymadethegirlloseherconfidence,butherparentsalwaysbackedherupandencouragedhertocheerup.__________4.Themoneywashandedonfromonetoanotheruntilitreachedtheconductor’shands. __________5.Themanpattedhissonontheshoulderandsaid,“Youshouldshouldertheresponsibilityofyourmistakes.” __________英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示身体部分的名词常可转化为动词。前往/向……前进看/审视支持传递承担必修B3U1—U3隐喻典型词单词基本义比喻义bar金属条/木条__________chip碎片__________material原料__________climate气候__________chain链子/链条__________branch树枝__________flexible可弯曲的__________（一）块；酒吧薯片；芯片做……事的料/当……的料环境；气氛一连串；连锁店（学科）分支；分部灵活的1.Wevolunteeredtocollectmoneytohelpthevictimsoftheearthquake.2.Rememberthateverythingcanbesettledbydiscussion.3.Shesettledherselfintoherchairandstartedtoread.4.ThereisChinesefoodtosuiteveryone’staste,withtraditionaldishesfromalloverChina.5.Agoodteachersuitshislessontotheageofhispupils.6.Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme.2011陕西本单元金句汇总随堂检测一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Hefoldedthemapupandputitinhispocket.___________2.Meerfoldedhisarms

overhischestandturnedhisheadaway.___________3.Thebirdfoldeditswings.___________4.Shefoldedherbabyinablanket.___________5.Makeafoldacrossthecentreofthecard.___________二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Youcanbuya__________(fold)bikeforlessthan£1,000.2.Hearrangedallthebooksinaneatrowandthenputhis__________(fold)clothesaway.折叠

合拢/收起foldingfoldedfold交叉双臂

包/裹褶痕写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Thecomputersystemscouldspeedupthe

collection

ofinformation.___________2.Ihaveboughtanew

collection

ofpoetry.

___________3.Thepaintingcomesfromhis

privatecollection.___________4.EveryChristmaswehavea

collection

foralocalcharity.

___________5.Therewasaninterestingcollectionofpeopleatthewedding.___________收集诗集私人收藏募捐一群有趣的人collection1.Shewasamildwoman,whonevershouted.__________2.Thecoatistooheavyforsuchamild

day. __________3.Hesufferedamildheartattack—nothingtooserious. __________4.Hedoesn’tlikeahotcurry（咖喱）—heprefersamild

one. __________写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。mild温和的温暖的；暖和的轻微的味淡的；不浓的一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.ThemanlethiseyessettleuponPeter’sface.___________2.Anuneasysilencesettledovertheroom.___________3.Shedidn’tstartthelessonuntilthepupilssettleddown.___________4.We

hope

for

a

lasting

settlement

of

allthese

troubles.

___________5.HealsoraiseddoubtsabouttheAmericanroadmaptoa

peacesettlement.___________落在/停留弥漫/充满安静下来解决和平协议settle二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.去年她从城里来就定居在这个村子里。Shecamedownlastyearand________________________.2.虽然他跳得非常好,可是没有取得第一名,只好屈居第二了。Althoughhewasjumpingsowell,hefailedtowinthefirstprizeandhadto__________________.3.经过长时间讨论以后,他们选定了修建电站的地点。Afteralongdiscussionthey__________________forthepowerstation.4.我讨厌经常外出,我想结婚然后安顿下来。Ihateallthistravel.Iwantto________________________.settleddowninthevillagesettleforthesecondsettledonthesitegetmarriedandsettledown1.Theballismadeofaspecialmaterial.（2013湖南） __________2.Thecompanyproducesitsowntrainingmaterial. __________3.Thewriteriscollectingmaterialforhisnewbook. __________4.Theteachersawherasgooduniversitymaterial. ______