福建省宁德市2024-2025学年高二年级上册期末考试英语试题（含解析）

宁德市2024-2025学年度第一学期期末高二质量检测

英语试题

注意事项:

1、本试卷共12页。满分150分。答题时间120分钟。

2、答题前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名填写在试卷的相应位置。

3、全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅

读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inthehotel.B.Ontheplane.C.Attheairport.

2.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?

A.Takingajobinterview.B.Chattingwithafriend.C.Makingaspeech.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Chemicalexperiments.B.Italianculture.C.Cooking.

4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Gohome.B.Attendaclass.C.Emailherprofessor.

5.Whenistheconfirmedappointmentfortheman'seyetest?

A.At10:00.B.At10:30.C.At11:30.

第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小

题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.Whatisthemanthinkingabout?

A.Themeetingschedule.

B.Thetouristdestination.

C.Theoverseasstudydestination.

7.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?

A.Talkwithherteacher.

B.Pickupherdaughter.

C.Haveadancelesson.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.WhendidthemanstarttoliveinAmerica?

A.In2011.B.In2013.C.In2016.

9.WhatchallengedidthemanfacewhenhereturnedtoJapan?

A.Languagebarriers.B.Hisnationality.C.Cultureshock.

10.WhydoesthemanadapttoJapaneseculturenow?

A.Japanesepeoplelikemakingfriends.

B.Japanesepeoplerespectothers5opinions.

C.Japanesepeopledon'thavedifferentopinions.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Socialmedia.B.Awearabledevice.C.Sportsandfitness.

12.WhatdoesthestudyaboutFitkitfocuson?

A.AccuracyofFitkit.B.Sleepingheartrate.C.Physicalactivities.

13.HowdoesthemanfindhisFitkit?

A.Cheap.

B.Uncomfortable.

C.Recommendable.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whatdoesthewoman'sjobinvolve?

A.Cookingmeals.

B.Makingclothes.

C.Bookingphotographers.

15.Whydosomepeoplehireaweddingplanner?

A.Tosavetime.

B.Tolowerthecosts.

C.Toattendtheparty.

16.Whatdidthewomandobeforeshebecameaweddingplanner?

A.Sheranarestaurant.

B.Shehostedtheopen-airevent.

C.Shevolunteeredforanorganization.

17.Howdidthewomanattractcustomers?

A.Bytakingtraining.

B.Bypresentingbeautifulpictures.

C.Byshowingthemwrittenreferences.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Whatisthespeaker'sfutureoccupationchoice?

A.Anauthor.B.Aninterpreter.C.Ateacher.

19.Whichsubjectcanexpandculturalbackgroundknowledge?

A.Math.B.English.C.Literature.

20.Whatisthespeaker'sfamily'sattitudetowardhischoice?

A.Favorable.B.Doubtful.C.Opposed.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。

A

ThisistheHeritageOpenDays,whichlargelyhappensoutsideLondon.Allarefree,someneedbookingin

advance,otherwise,justturnupontheday.

ParndonHallOpenDays

ThePrincessAlexandraHospitalNHSTrust,HamstelRoad,Harlow,Essex

TheformerhomeofLoftus&ElizabethArkwright,ParndonHallwasbuiltin1867.Elizabethdecoratedrooms

withpaintings,aswasthefashionatthetime,butnowthehouseisusedbythehospitalandtheoriginalroomshave

newpurposes.

•Saturday18September:11:00;12:30;14:00;15:00

•Sunday19September:11:00;12:30;14:00;15:00

BOOKINGNEEDED

HighLighthouseOpenDays

HighLighthouse,WestStreet,Harwich,Essex

TheHighLighthousewasbuiltin1818tolineupwiththeLowLighthouse,nowtheMaritimeMuseum,which

isalsoaheritage.Togethertheyoperatedasleadinglightsforshipping.Itwaslastusedasalighthousein1863.It

hasbeeninuseasaradiomuseumandasacouncilhouse.ClimbtothetopforadramaticviewoftheHarwicharea.

•Saturday11September:10:00-16:00

•Sunday12September:10:00-16:00

CaptainJonesHouseOpenDays

CaptainJonesHouse,21，KingsHeadStreet,Harwich,Essex

ThisisthehomeofthemasteroftheMayflower,amajorityofwhichisstillinoriginalcondition.Thishouse

hasbeenmaintainedashistoricallyaccurateaspossiblesubjecttomodernisationsuchaselectricity.

•Saturday11September:11:00-15:00

•Sunday12September:11:00-15:00

1.WhatcanweknowaboutParndonHall?

A.YoucanseeElizabeth'spaintingsthere.B.ItcanbevisitedthewholeSaturday.

C.Youhavetomakeareservationtovisitit.D.Itsdecorationsarestillfashionable.

2.HowmanyheritagescanyouvisitinHarwich?

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

3.Whatdotheseopendayshaveincommon?

A.TheyhappeninearlySeptember.B.Theyalllastfivehours.

C.TheyareheldinHarwich.D.Theyareopenataspecifictime.

【答案】LC2.B3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了遗址开放日期间三个开放场所的相关信息。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据ParndonHallOpenDays部分中“BOOKINGNEEDED（需要预订）”可知，参观Parndon

Hall需要提前预订。故选C项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据HighLighthouseOpenDays部分中“HighLighthouse,WestStreet,Harwich,Essex（高灯塔,

西街，哈威奇，埃塞克斯）"和"TheHighLighthousewasbuiltin1818tolineupwiththeLowLighthouse,now

theMaritimeMuseum,whichisalsoaheritage.（高灯塔建于1818年，与现在的海事博物馆---低灯塔在一条

直线上，低灯塔也是一处遗产）”；木艮据CaptainJonesHouseOpenDays部分中^CaptainJonesHouse,21,

KingsHeadStreet,Harwich,Essex（琼斯船长之家，21号，国王头街，哈威奇，埃塞克斯）”和“CaptainJones

House,21,KingsHeadStreet,Harwich,Essex（琼斯船长之家，位于埃塞克斯郡哈里奇国王头街21号）”可知，

在哈威奇（Harwich）可以参观高灯塔、低灯塔（海事博物馆）和琼斯船长之家3处遗址。故选B项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据ParndonHallOpenDays部分•Saturday18September:11:00;12:30;14:00;15:00•Sunday

19September:11:00;12:30;14:00;15:00（-9月18日周六：11:00；12:30；14:00；15:00・9月19日周日：

11:00；12:30；14:00；15:00）"、Hi®LiqhthouseOpenDays部分u•Saturday11September:10:00-16:00

•Sunday12September:10:00-16:00（-911日周六：10:00-16:00・9月12日周日：10:00-16:00）”以及Captain

JonesHouseOpenDays部分•Saturday11September:11:00-15:00•Sunday12September:11:00-15:00（*9月

11日周六：11:00-15:00・9月12日周日：11:00-15:00）”可知，这三个开放日都在特定时间开放。故选D项。

B

The“FatheroftheNationalParkSystem,“JohnMuirwasaninfluentialwriter,naturalist,and

environmentalistduringthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.Bornin1838inDunbar,Scotland,hemovedtothe

UnitedStateswithhisfamilyandwasattractedbytheland.Hewasaprize-winninginventor,butifshislovefor

wildplacesandabsolutedevotiontoprotectingthemthatwerememberhimfor.

Asayoungman,heexploredtheNorthAmericancontinentbyfoot,walkingthousandsofmilesuntilhe

eventuallysettledinCalifornia.There,hefellinlovewithYosemiteValleyandtheSierraNevadaMountains.His

articleseries,"'StudiesintheSierra,puthisnameonthemapandlaunchedaprolificwritingcareer,withover300

articlesand10bookspublished.Atruemountainman,heencouragedeveryoneto“climbthemountainsandget

theirgoodtidings”.

Hiswritingsinspiredpresidents,congressmen,andaveragecitizenstocareaboutnature.In1890,dueinlarge

parttoaseriesofarticleshepublishedinCenturymagazine,U.S.CongresscreatedYosemiteNationalPark.Muir

wasalsoinvolvedinthecreationoftheSequoia,MountRainier,PetrifiedForest,andGrandCanyonNational

Parks,thusearninghistitle.

Buthisworkdidn'tstopthere:in1892MuirandhissupportersfoundedtheSierraClubto"dosomethingfor

wildnessandmakethemountainsglad."In1901,hepublishedthebook"OurNationalParks“andcaughtthe

attentionofPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt,whovisitedhimatYosemite.Duringthatvisit,theylaidthefoundation

ofRoosevelfsgroundbreakingprotectionprograms.

Muirdiedin1914,buthismemoryliveson,continuingtoinspirenewgenerationsofenvironmentalist

everywhere.

4.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword"prolific“inParagraph2?

A.High-paying.B.Normal.C.Full-time.D.Productive.

5.WhatcontributedtoMuir'swritingcareer?

A.Hisloveforwildplaces.B.Hisworkasanenvironmentalist.

C.Hisdevotiontonationalparks.D.HisexplorationofAmericancontinents.

6.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?

A.Muir'sarticlesearnedhimhistitle.

B.Muirappealedfortheprotectionofnationalparks.

C.Muirinspiredpeopletovisitnationalparks.

D.Muir'sarticleshadaninfluenceonofficialdecision.

7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMuir?

A.Adventurousandcommitted.B.Determinedandhumorous.

C.Honestandcourageous.D.Generousandinspirational.

【答案】4.D5,A6.D7.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“国家公园系统之父”一一约翰•缪尔是19世纪末和20世

纪初一位有影响力的作家、自然学家和主义者。他对荒野的热爱促成了他的写作生涯，同时他通过写作来

号召人们保护荒野。

【4题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“withover300articlesand10bookspublished（发布了300多篇文章和10本

书）”可知，JohnMuir是个多产的作家，由此可推知，划线单词意为“多产的”，与D项“Productive.（多

产的）”意思一样，故选D。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Asayoungman,heexploredtheNorthAmericancontinentbyfoot,walking

thousandsofmilesuntilheeventuallysettledinCalifornia.There,hefellinlovewithYosemiteValleyandthe

SierraNevadaMountains.Hisarticleseries,"'StudiesintheSierra,“puthisnameonthemapandlaunched

aprolificwritingcareer,withover300articlesand10bookspublished.（作为一个年轻人，他徒步探索了北美大

陆，走了数千英里，最终定居在加利福尼亚。在那里，他爱上了约米蒂山谷和内华达山脉。他的文章系列

《内华达山脉研究》使他声名鹊起，开启了一段多产的写作，出版了300多篇文章和10本书。）”可知，

Muir对荒野的热爱促成了他的写作生涯，故选A。

【6题详解】

细节理施窣题。根据第三段中“Hiswritingsinspiredpresidents,congressmen,andaveragecitizenstocareabout

nature.In1890,dueinlargeparttoaseriesofarticleshepublishedinCenturymagazine,U.S.Congresscreated

YosemiteNationalPark.MuirwasalsoinvolvedinthecreationoftheSequoia,MountRainier,PetrifiedForest,and

GrandCanyonNationalParks,thusearninghistitle.（他的著作激励了总统、国会议员和普通公民关注自然。

1890年，由于他在《世纪》杂志上发表系列文章，美国国会创建了约塞米蒂国家公园。穆尔还参与了红

木、雷尼尔山、化石森林和大峡谷国家的创建，因此赢得了“国家公园之父”的称号。）”可知，缪尔

（Muir）的文章对官方的决定有影响，故选D。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中“Asayoungman,heexploredtheNorthAmericancontinentbyfoot,walking

thousandsofmilesuntilheeventuallysettledinCalifornia.（作为一个年轻人，他徒步探索了北美大陆，走了数

千英里，最终定居在加利福尼亚。）”可知，Muir爱冒险；根据第三段中“Hiswritingsinspiredpresidents,

congressmen,andaveragecitizenstocareaboutnature.（他的著作激励了总统、国会议员和普通公民关注自

然。）”和第四段中“Buthisworkdidn'tstopthere:in1892,MuirandhissupportersfoundedtheSierraClubto

“dosomethingforwildnessandmakethemountainsglad."In1901,hepublishedthebook“OurNationalParks”

andcaughttheattentionofPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt,whovisitedhimatYosemite.Duringthatvisit,theylaid

thefoundationofRoosevelt5sgroundbreakingprotectionprograms.（但他的工作并未止步于此：1892年，缪尔

和他的支持者们创立了塞拉俱乐部，旨在“为野地做点什么，让群山欢欣鼓舞”。1901年，他出版了《我

们的国家公园》一书，引起了西奥多罗斯福总统的关注，罗斯福总统访问了他在优胜美地的居所。在那次

访问期间，他们奠定了罗斯福开创性的保护计划的基础）”可知，他致力于保护荒野，写了很多作品，并

一直坚持，所以说他很坚定，故选A。

C

Anexperimentalpairofglovesisn'tparticularlyfashionableorusefulforkeepinganyone5shandswarm.

Insteadtheglovesusetactile（触觉的）sensorswovenintoitsfabrictoserveanentirelydifferentpurpose:teaching

pianoandotherhands-onskills.

MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologygraduatestudentYiyueLuoandhercolleaguescreatedthese“smart

gloves“usingtactiletechnology,whichincludesphysicalsensationssuchasvibrations（震动）orforcetohelpwith

tactileactivities.Researchersusedtheglovestorecordonepianist'shandmovementswhileplayingasong.They

thenrelayedthosemovementstoastudentthroughfingertipvibrations,helpingthelearnerbuildmusclememory

andperformthepiecewithgreateraccuracy.""Hand-basedmovementslikepianoplayingarenormallyreally

subjectiveanddifficulttorecordandtransfer,9,Luosays."Butwiththeseglovesweareactuallyabletotrackone

person'stouchexperienceandshareitwithanotherpersontoimprovetheirtactilelearningprocess.95

Usingacomputerizedembroidery（刺绣）machine,theteamfixedsmallwireslinkedtoapressure-sensing

materialintheglovestodetecthandmotions.Whenapianoteacherwearingtheglovesrepeatedlyperformeda

tune,amachine-learningalgorithm（运算法贝U）processedtheirmovementonthekeysandtranslateditinto

instructionalvibrations.Studentswearingtheirownglovesthenattemptedtoplaythesametune,withthefingertip

vibrationsguidingthemthroughpropermovements.Bythetrials5end,studentswhohadpracticedwiththegloves

couldplaymoreaccuratelythanthosewhohadnot.

Theteamalsotestedthegloves'abilitytoaidpeopleplayingonlinegameswithamouseandkeyboard,

recordingmotionsfromexperiencedplayerstoguidegreenhands.Peoplewhogamedwiththegloves'guidance

scoredbetteronaveragethanthosewhodidnot.

Playingpianoorvideogamesisoftenjustforfun,butLuoaddsthatwithanimprovedalgorithm,codedto

identifyandcatchfinerhandmovements,thenewglovetechnologycouldsomedayhelptoteachcrucialpractices

suchasmedicaloperations.

8.Inwhichpracticecanthesmartglovesbeunavailable?

A.Playingtheguitar.B.Singingsongs.

C.Teachingsignlanguage.D.Typingonakeyboard.

9.Whatisthefunctionofthepressure-sensingmaterial?

A.Torecordsongs.

B.Totranslatetunes.

C.Tokeephandswarm.

D.Tomonitorhandmovements.

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theglovesaredesignedforfun.

B.Thegloveshavebeenputintouse.

C.Theglovescanbeusedtoidentifycodes.

D.Thegloveswillbeusedinmorefields.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Anintroductiontoapromisingtechnology.

B.Anadvertisementofanewproduct.

C.Anapproachtoteachingpiano.

D.Aninstructionforacomputerizedmachine.

【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院研发的能教技能的“智能手套”及其用途。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Insteadtheglovesusetactile（触觉的）sensorswovenintoitsfabrictoserve

anentirelydifferentpurpose:teachingpianoandotherhands-onskills.（相反，这副手套使用了织入其织物中的

触觉传感器，以实现一个完全不同的目的：教授钢琴以及其他需要动手操作的技能。）”可知，这种智能手

套用于教像弹钢琴这样的需要动手的技能。而唱歌主要是用嗓子，不需要动手操作，所以智能手套在“唱

歌”这种实践中不可用。故选B。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。由文章第三段中的"Usingacomputerizedembroidery（刺绣）machine,theteamfixedsmallwires

linkedtoapressure-sensingmaterialintheglovestodetecthandmotions.（该团队使用一台电脑刺绣机，将与压

力感应材料相连的细电线固定在手套中，以监测手部动作。）”可知，压力感应材料连接着小电线，其功能

是监测手部运动。故选D。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。由文章最后一段"Playingpianoorvideogamesisoftenjustforfun,butLuoaddsthatwithan

improvedalgorithm,codedtoidentifyandcatchfinerhandmovements,thenewglovetechnologycouldsomeday

helptoteachcrucialpracticessuchasmedicaloperations.（弹钢琴或玩电子游戏通常只是为了娱乐，但罗艺悦

补充说，通过改进算法，对算法进行编程以识别和捕捉更细微的手部动作，这种新的手套技术有朝一日可

能会有助于教授像医疗手术这样关键的操作技能。）”可知，这种手套将会被应用到更多的领域。故选D。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段"Anexperimentalpairofglovesisn'tparticularlyfashionableor

usefulforkeepinganyone'shandswarm.Insteadtheglovesusetactile（触觉的）sensorswovenintoitsfabricto

serveanentirelydifferentpurpose:teachingpianoandotherhands-onskills.（一副实验性的手套既算不上特别时

尚，也不能很好地为人们的双手保暖。相反，这副手套使用了织入其织物中的触觉传感器，以实现一个完

全不同的目的：教授钢琴以及其他需要动手操作的技能。）”可知，文章开篇介绍了麻省理工学院研究生研

发的“智能手套”，接着阐述了其工作原理、在教弹钢琴和玩游戏方面的应用，最后提到未来可能应用到

医疗等领域，所以文章主要是对一种有前景的技术（智能手套技术）的介绍。故选A。

D

Inanerawhenonlinemisinformationisseeminglyeverywhereandobjectivefactsareofteninargument,UC

Berkeleypsychologistsinanewstudyhavepresentedasomewhatcontradictorypartialsolution:Exposeyoung

childrentomoremisinformationonline-notless.

Orticio,aPh.D.studentinUCBerkeley'sDepartmentofPsychology,andhiscolleaguesusedapairof

experimentsinvolving122childrenagedfourtoseventotesthowtheirlevelofskepticism（怀疑）changedin

differentonlineenvironments.

Thefirststudyexposedthemtoane-bookwithvaryingdegreesoftrueandfalsestatementsaboutanimals.Next

toapictureofazebra,forexample,somechildrenwereshowntruthslikethatzebrashadblackandwhitestripes.

Otherswereshownfalsehoodsaboutzebrasbeingredandgreen.Basedonthatinformation,theyindicatedwhether

theclaimsweretrueorfalse.Asecondstudysimulated（模拟）searchengineresultsandposedsimilaranimalfacts

andfictions.

Next,childrenevaluatedthetruthofanewclaimwithinthatsamedigitalcontext,thistimeaboutanalienspecies

calledZorpies.Onascreenwereimagesof20so-calledZorpies.Oneofthealien'sfacesshowedthatithadthree

eyes;therestoftheZorpiesworedarksunglassesthatcoveredtheireyes.Childrenwerethenaskedtodecidewhether

allZorpieshadthreeeyes.Butbeforemakingtheirfinaldecision,participantswereallowedtofact-checktheclaim

bytappinganynumberofthealiens,removingtheirsunglassesandrevealingtheireyes.Sincechildrenknewnothing

aboutthealiens,theirskepticismcouldonlycomefromtheirassessmentofhowreliablethisdigitalplatformwas.

Researchersfoundthatthechildrenwhowerethemosthardworkingaboutfact-checkingtheZorpiesclaims

werealsotheoneswhosawmorefalseclaimsaboutanimalsearlierinthestudy.Meanwhile,thosewhohadmore

reliableenvironmentswithfewerfalseclaimsearlierinthestudydidalmostnofact-checking.Acomputersimulation

confirmedthatthechildreninthemoreunreliableenvironmentsweremorelikelytorevealpotentialmisinformation.

12.Whatdopsychologistsrecommendtohelpchildrendealwithonlinemisinformation?

A.Toleavetheminalessprotectedinformationenvironment.

B.Tohelpthemsortoutdifferentkindsofinformation.

C.Torequirethemtocollectsomeusefulinformation.

D.Tohelpthemdeveloptheabilityofthecriticalthinking.

13.Whowillbemorelikelytobecomeagoodfact-checker?

A.Thechildrenworkinghardertomakestatements.

B.Thechildrenseeingmorefalseclaims.

C.Thechildrenexposedtomoredigitalcontexts.

D.Thechildrenexposedtomorereliableenvironments.

14.Howweretheexperimentsconducted?

A.Bymakingcomparisons.

B.Bymakingquestionnaires.

C.Byanalyzingdocuments.

D.Byinterviewingparticipants.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperiments?

A.Theywerecarriedoutthroughthesameonlinedigitalplatform.

B.ParticipantscantapthenumberofZorpiestogettrueinformation.

C.Participantscanremovethesunglassesforreference.

DTheybothpresentedfalseinformationtotheparticipants.

【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加州大学伯克利分校的心理学家通过实验发现，让孩子接触更多网

络虚假信息能提高他们的怀疑精神和事实核查能力。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Inanerawhenonlinemisinformationisseeminglyeverywhereandobjectivefactsare

ofteninargument,UCBerkeleypsychologistsinanewstudyhavepresentedasomewhatcontradictorypartial

solution:Exposeyoungchildrentomoremisinformationonline一notless.（在一个网络虚假信息似乎无处不在、

客观事实常引发争议的时代，加州大学伯克利分校的心理学家在一项新研究中提出了一个看似矛盾的部分

解决方案：让幼儿更多而非更少地接触网络虚假信息）”可知，心理学家建议让孩子处于一个较少受到保护

的信息环境，接触更多虚假信息。故选A项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段中"Researchersfoundthatthechildrenwhowerethemosthardworkingaboutfact

checkingtheZorpiesclaimswerealsotheoneswhosawmorefalseclaimsaboutanimalsearlierinthestudy.（研究

人员发现，在核查关于佐皮人说法的真实性方面最努力的孩子，也是那些在研究早期看到更多关于动物虚

假说法的孩子）”可知，看到更多虚假说法的孩子更有可能成为优秀的事实核查者。故选B项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Thefirststudyexposedthemtoane-bookwithvaryingdegreesoftrueandfalse

statementsaboutanimals.Nexttoapictureofazebra,forexample,somechildrenwereshowntruthslikethatzebras

hadblackandwhitestripes.Otherswereshownfalsehoodsaboutzebrasbeingredandgreen.Basedonthat

information,theyindicatedwhethertheclaimsweretrueorfalse.Asecondstudysimulated（模拟）searchengine

resultsandposedsimilaranimalfactsandfictions.（第一项研究让他们看一本电子书，里面有不同程度的关于动

物的真假陈述。例如，在一张斑马的照片旁边，一些孩子看到了斑马有黑白条纹这样的事实。其他人则被告

知斑马是红色和绿色的谎言。根据这些信息，他们指出这些说法是真是假。第二项研究模拟了搜索引擎的结

果，并提出了类似的动物事实和虚构）”和第五段中Researchersfoundthatthechildrenwhowerethemost

hardworkingaboutfactcheckingtheZorpiesclaimswerealsotheoneswhosawmorefalseclaimsaboutanimals

earlierinthestudy.Meanwhile,thosewhohadmorereliableenvironmentswithfewerfalseclaimsearlierinthestudy

didalmostnofactchecking.（研究人员发现，在核查关于佐皮人说法的真实性方面最努力的孩子，也是那些在

研究早期看到更多关于动物虚假说法的孩子。与此同时，那些在研究早期处于更可靠环境、虚假说法较少的

孩子几乎没有进行事实核查）”可知，实验通过对比不同信息环境下孩子的表现来进行，即通过做比较的方

式开展实验。故选A项。

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“ChildrenwerethenaskedtodecidewhetherallZorpieshadthreeeyes.Butbefore

makingtheirfinaldecision,participantswereallowedtofactchecktheclaimbytappinganynumberofthealiens,

removingtheirsunglassesandrevealingtheireyes.（然后孩子们被要求判断是否所有佐皮人都有三只眼睛。但

在做出最终决定之前，参与者可以通过点击任意数量的外星人、摘下他们的太阳镜并露出眼睛来核查这一

说法）”可知，参与者可以摘下外星人的太阳镜来获取参考信息。故选C项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Essaysareanextendedpieceofwritingthatpresentsanargumentorinformationonatopic.Theycanvaryin

purpose,styleandtypebuttheyallinvolvequestioning,assessinganddiscussingideasorevidence.Herearefour

tipsonhowtowriteanessay:introducingyouressay,focusingonitstructure,usingquotesandsources,andending

withaconclusion.

Agoodintroductionexplainsthefactsthatthereaderneedstoknowfirst.16Beclearaboutyouraims

andalwayswriteinthethirdperson.It9sagoodideatobeginyouressayusingthesamestyleoflanguageasthe

question,toshowyouareansweringitdirectly.

17Paragraphscanhelp.Startwitha"topicsentence^^thatintroduceswhattheparagraphisabout.At

theend,bringyourtopictoaclosesothereadercanmoveontothenextidea.18Theyconnectittothe

previousone.

Ifyouusedideasfromabookinyouressay,youcanincludesnippetsfromittosupportyourpoints.Theseare

quotesandhavespeechmarksaroundthemtoshowtheyarenotyourwords.19Forexample,ccDrRoberts

says,"Climatechangeis...”'.Attheendoftheessay,youcanlistallthebooksthathelpedyou.

Inyourfinalparagraph,youshouldconcludebysummarisingallyourpointstoshowhowyouhaveanswered

theessayquestion.Ybumightbeginthissectionwith"Inconclusion,andyourtoneshouldbeconfident.20

A.Youshouldalsosharewhosaidit.

B.Ithelpsreadersimprovetheirwritingskills.

C.Tohelpthereaderfollowyourideas,youneedstructure.

D.Writingessaysisanunavoidablebutfunpartofstudyinglotsofsubjects.

E.Itsumsupwhattheessaywillbeaboutandwhatyouaretryingtoprove.

F.Hereyoucanwriteinthefirstpersonandgiveyourownopiniononthetopic.

G.Youcanusewordssuchas“however"or"fiirthermore“tostartanewparagraph.

【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.A20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何书写一篇文章。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Agoodintroductionexplainsthefactsthatthereaderneedstoknowfirst.（一篇好的导言首先解释了

读者需要知道的事实）”以及后文“Beclearaboutyouraimsandalwayswriteinthethirdperson.It?sagood

ideatobeginyouressayusingthesamestyleoflanguageasthequestion,toshowyouareansweringitdirectly.（明

确你的目标，用第三人称写作。用与问题相同的语言风格来开始你的文章是个好主意，这样可以表明你在

直接回答问题）”可知，本句主要说明导言需要包含的内容。故E选项“它概括了文章的内容和你想要证明

的东西”符合语境，故选E。

【17题详解】

木艮据后文Paragraphscanhelp.Startwitha“topicsentence^^thatintroduceswhattheparagraphisabout.Atthe

end,bringyourtopictoaclosesothereadercanmoveontothenextidea.（段落可以有所帮助。从“主题句"开

始，介绍这段话的内容。最后，结束你的主题，这样读者就可以继续下一个想法了）”可知，本段主要针对

文章的结构提出了一些建议，故C选项“为了帮助读者理解你的想法，你需要结构”符合语境，故选C。

【18题详解】

根据后文“Theyconnectittothepreviousone.（它们把它和前一个连接起来）”可知，本句主要说明如何连接

段落，G选项中however和furthermore对应后文They。故G选项“你可以用'however'或

"furthermore?这样的词来开始一个新的段落”符合语境，故选G。

【19题详解】

卞艮据后文“Forexample,tcDrRobertssays,"Climatechangeis..」".Attheendoftheessay,youcanlistallthe

booksthathelpedyou.（例如，“罗伯茨博士说，'气候变化是……’”。在文章的最后，你可以列出所有帮

助过你的书）”可知，后文的例子表明需要说明是谁的观点，故A选项“你也应该分享是谁说的”符合语

境，故选A。

[20题详解】

根据上文“Inyourfinalparagraph,youshouldconcludebysummarisingallyourpointstoshowhowyouhave

answeredtheessayquestion.Youmightbeginthissectionwith“Inconclusion,5,andyourtoneshouldbe

confident.（在你的最后一段，你应该总结你所有的观点来表明你是如何回答文章问题的。你可以用“总结”

来开始这个部分，你的语气应该自信）”可知，上文提到了如何写最后一段，且最后一段主要和自己的观点

有关，故F选项“在这里，你可以用第一人称写出你对这个话题的看法”符合语境，故