2025届河南省天一大联考高三下学期考前模拟英语试题【含答案解析】

天一大联考2024—2025学年高三考前模拟考试英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C。1．Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A．Regretful.B．Encouraged.C．Sympathetic.2．HowdoesLizusuallygettowork?A．Bybus.B．Bysubway.C．Bycar.3．Whydidtheaccidenthappen?A．Adriverdroveafterdrinking.B．Thetrafficsignalstoppedworking.C．Thedriversdidn’tkeeptothespeedlimit.4．WhatwillthewomangivetoJason?A．Apen.B．Abaseball.C．AT-shirt.5．What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson.B．Husbandandwife.C．Brotherandsister.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirpersonalities.B．Theuniverse.C．HumanDNA.7．Whyhasthewomanbeenreadingaboutthetopic?A．OutofcuriosityB．Forschoolwork.C．Asarecreation.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whoarethespeakersprobably?A．Amber’sneighbors.B．Amber’sfriends.C．Amber’sparents.9．WhatdoesthewomansuggestbuyingforAmber?A．Adress.B．Alamp.C．Somecandles.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whowillusetheoldlaptopprobably?A．Themanspeaker.B．Thewoman’sbrother.C．Themanspeaker’sbrother.11．WhichpiledothespeakersputtheoldTVin?A．The“giveaway”pile.B．The“throwout”pile.C．The“keep”pile.12．Whatwillthewomanputthesweatertogetherwith?A．Thevideos.B．TheCDs.C．Thebooks.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whatdidthewomanwanttobeatfirst?A．Apilot.B．Asalesperson.C．Anairtrafficcontroller.14．Whydidthewomanworkasasalesgirl?A．Tomakemoneyforherdream.B．Toenrichherafter-schoollife.C．Togainsomeworkexperience.15．Whatcanaseniorfirstofficerdo?A．Trainyoungpilots.B．Flytomoreairports.C．Makeflightplans.16．Whatisthewoman’sultimatecareergoal?A．Acaptain.B．Aseniorfirstofficer.C．Afirstofficer.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhatcanwelearnaboutJessicaWatsonfromthespeech?A．Shewasinjuredinastorm.B．Shebrokeasailingrecordin2010.C．Shegotmuchhelpduringhertrip.18．WhatledJessicaWatsontomaketheattempt?A．Abook.B．Herparents.C．JordanRomero.19．WhendidJordanclimbMountQomolangma?A．In1993.B．In1996.C．In2010.20．What’speople’sattitudetoJordan’sclimbingupMountQomolangma?A．Critical.B．Uncaring.C．Supportive.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALookingforfunandeducationaltripsfordaycarechildren,schoolkids,familiesandcompanies?HerearesomeoptionsinCanada.Groupbookingsshouldalwaysbemadeinadvance.FortEdmontonParkIt’salivingtreasureatitsbestasCanada’slargesttraditionalpark!Fourperiodsarefeatured:1846fur(皮毛)trade,1885,1905and1920s.Schoolandfamilyprogramscanintroduceparticipantstofurtradeinhistory,theculturesandachievementsofnativepeople,thelivesofpioneerswhobuiltthecommunity,theage-oldcelebrationsandmore.Edmonton,Alberta,T6H4P3ArtGalleryofAlbertaThroughhands-onexhibitions,artworkshops,andfull-dayprograms,ArtGalleryofAlbertaSchoolProgramsrelateartworktostudentsinameaningfulway.2025SchoolProgramsbeginonAugust22,2025inanewbuildingonChurchillSquare.Youcancheckoutcurrentprogramsorbookyourschoolprogramonline.Edmonton,Alberta,T5J2ClDevonianBotanicGardenThesitefeaturesoutdoorgardensandanindoordisplayoftropicalbutterfliesanduncommonplants.Therearegiftshopsspecializingingardenandplant-relateditems.Additionally,itofferscoursesdesignedforchildrenandfamilies.Treatyourclasstoauniqueoutdoorexperience.Choosefromvariousenvironmentalprogramscoveringtopicssuchaslakes,insects,plants,forests,animalsandmore.Hwy605kmnorthofDevonPrairieGardensandGreenhousesPrairieGardensandGreenhousesoffersavarietyoffunactivities,includingeggcollecting,applepicking,horsebackriding,exploringbigcornmazes(迷宫)inautumn,andenjoyingcountryBBQsoveracampfire.Thetourguideswillprovideanenjoyabletourespeciallydesignedforpreschool,kindergartenorgrade1kidsinearlyagriculturaleducation.25kmnorthofEdmonton1.WhatcanparticipantsdoatFortEdmontonPark?A.Joinoutdooradventuretours. B.Learnaboutlocaltraditions.C.Makesomefurtradewithnatives. D.Haveaconversationwithpioneers.2.WhatisafeatureofDevonianBotanicGarden?A.Custom-designedgifts. B.Team-basedscienceshows.C.Hands-ongardeningactivities. D.Nature-focusededucationalprojects.3.Whichplacebestsuitskidslookingfortypicalfarmfun?A.FortEdmontonPark. B.ArtGalleryofAlberta.C.DevonianBotanicGarden. D.PrairieGardensandGreenhouses.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍加拿大适合儿童、家庭和公司的趣味教育旅行地。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据FortEdmontonPark部分中的“Schoolandfamilyprogramscanintroduceparticipantstofurtradeinhistory,theculturesandachievementsofnativepeople,thelivesofpioneerswhobuiltthecommunity,theage-oldcelebrationsandmore.(学校和家庭项目可让参与者了解历史上的皮毛贸易、原住民的文化与成就、建设社区的拓荒者的生活、古老的庆典等。)”可知，在FortEdmontonPark参与者可以了解当地文化和传统。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据DevonianBotanicGarden部分中的“Choosefromvariousenvironmentalprogramscoveringtopicssuchaslakes,insects,plants,forests,animalsandmore.(可选择各种环境项目，涵盖湖泊、昆虫、植物、森林、动物等主题。)”可知，DevonianBotanicGarden的特色是“以自然为核心的教育项目”。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据PrairieGardensandGreenhouses部分中的“PrairieGardensandGreenhousesoffersavarietyoffunactivities,includingeggcollecting,applepicking,horsebackriding,exploringbigcornmazes(迷宫)inautumn,andenjoyingcountryBBQsoveracampfire.(PrairieGardensandGreenhouses提供多种有趣的活动，包括捡鸡蛋、摘苹果、骑马、秋天探索大型玉米迷宫，以及在篝火旁享用乡村烧烤。)”可知，PrairieGardensandGreenhouses有典型的农场趣味活动，最适合寻求农场体验的孩子。故选D项。BAlfredHitchcockiseasilyoneofthemostinfluentialfilmdirectorsofalltime.Hewasknownthroughouthislifeasabrilliantbutbad-temperedman.Hepioneeredmanytechniquesinthethrillergenre(流派).Hedevelopedastyleallofhisown,whichhasdefinedtheentiregenreoffilmandinspiredotherhugelysuccessfulfilms.Hitchcockwasbornon13August,1899inLondon,thesonofagreengrocer.Heoncesaidthathewassentbyhisfathertothelocalpolicestationwithanoteaskingtheofficertolockhimawayfor10minutesaspunishmentforbehavingbadly.Healsoremarkedthathismotherwouldforcehimtostandatthefootofherbedforseveralhoursaspunishment.ThisideaofbeingharshlytreatedwouldlaterbereflectedinHitchcock’sfilms.In1920,Hitchcockenteredthefilmindustry.Hedirectedmorethanfiftyfeaturefilmsinacareerwithinsixdecades.InHitchcock’smovies,viewersaremadetoidentifywiththecamerawhichmovesinawaymeanttoimitateaperson’sgazeandforcesviewerstoengageinaformofprying(窥探).Heframedshotstocontrolthefeelingsoftheaudienceandmaximizeanxiety,fear,orunderstanding,andusedinnovativefilmeditingtodemonstratethepointofviewofthecharacters.ManyofHitchcock’sfilmshavetwistendingsandthrillingplots.Hitchcockcomparedhimselftotheoperatorofaswitchbackrailway—anearlyformofrollercoaster(过山车)—knowinghowfartopushhisaudiencetothrillthembutnotgoingsofarastomakeitunpleasant.“Iam,insomerespects,themanwhosays,inconstructingit,‘howsteep(陡峭的)canwemakethefirstfall?’,and‘thiswillmakethemscream’,”hesaid.“Ifyoumakethefalltoosteep,thescreamswillcontinueasthewholecargoesovertheedgeanddestroyseveryone.Therefore,youmustn’tgotoofar,becauseyoudowantthemtogetofftheswitchbackrailwaylaughingwithpleasure.”4.WhatdothefirsttwoparagraphssayaboutHitchcock?A.Hisparentsmotivatedhimtobecomeinterestedinshootingfilms.B.Helivedarichlifeduringhischildhoodforhisfather’sbusiness.C.Hisexperiencesduringthechildhoodinfluencedhisfilmslater.D.Hewasinspiredbysomefamousdirectorsinthethrillergenre.5.WhatcanweinferaboutHitchcock’smovies?A.Theymakeviewersabsorbedinmotionshots.B.Theymaximizethefeelingsofthecharacters.C.Theyhavelight-heartedplotsforthemostpart.D.Theyputmoreemphasisonshootingskillsthanplots.6.Whydoestheauthormentiontherollercoasterinthelastparagraph?A.TohighlightHitchcock’sloveforamusementparks.B.ToindicateHitchcock’spreferenceforactionscenes.C.ToshowHitchcock’sremarkableskillsindirectingfilms.D.Topresentthemajorchallengeofoperatingarollercoaster.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHitchcock?A.Professionalandcreative. B.Brilliantandpatient.C.Self-disciplinedandhumorous. D.Considerateandhonest.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了著名电影导演AlfredHitchcock的生平、创作风格及其对电影艺术的影响。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Heoncesaidthathewassentbyhisfathertothelocalpolicestationwithanoteaskingtheofficertolockhimawayfor10minutesaspunishmentforbehavingbadly.Healsoremarkedthathismotherwouldforcehimtostandatthefootofherbedforseveralhoursaspunishment.ThisideaofbeingharshlytreatedwouldlaterbereflectedinHitchcock’sfilms.(他曾说，父亲曾让他带着一张字条去当地警察局，字条上请求警官将他关起来10分钟，作为对他行为不端的惩罚。他还提到，母亲会强迫他在她的床尾站上几个小时作为惩罚。这种遭受严厉对待的经历后来在希区柯克的电影中得以体现。)”可知，Hitchcock童年的经历影响了他后来的电影。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“InHitchcock’smovies,viewersaremadetoidentifywiththecamerawhichmovesinawaymeanttoimitateaperson’sgazeandforcesviewerstoengageinaformofprying.(在希区柯克的电影中，观众被要求认同摄像机，摄像机以模仿人目光的方式移动，迫使观众参与一种窥探的形式。)”可知，Hitchcock的电影通过特定的摄影手法，使观众仿佛与摄像机融为一体，沉浸在电影的情节中。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hitchcockcomparedhimselftotheoperatorofaswitchbackrailway—anearlyformofrollercoaster—knowinghowfartopushhisaudiencetothrillthembutnotgoingsofarastomakeitunpleasant.(希区柯克将自己比作过山车的操作员——这是一种早期的过山车形式——他知道自己应该把观众推到多远才能让他们感到兴奋，但又不会走得太远而让他们感到不愉快。)”可知，Hitchcock将自己比作过山车的操作员，他知道如何把握观众的情绪，让他们感到兴奋但不会过于不适，这展示了他在导演电影方面的卓越技巧。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Hepioneeredmanytechniquesinthethrillergenre.Hedevelopedastyleallofhisown,whichhasdefinedtheentiregenreoffilmandinspiredotherhugelysuccessfulfilms.(他在惊悚片领域开创了许多技巧。他发展了一种完全属于自己的风格，这种风格定义了整个电影类型，并启发了其他极其成功的电影。)”可知，Hitchcock在电影领域具有专业性和创造性，他开创了许多惊悚片的技巧，并发展了一种独特的风格。故选A。CUsingacombinationofcutting-edgeAI,sensitivesensorsandfine-tunedmotorskills,anAI-poweredrobotcaninteractwithitssurroundingsinmorehuman-likewaysthaneverbefore,researcherssay.Thenewtechnology,developedbyateamattheUniversityofEdinburgh,couldtransformrobots’abilitytocarryouttasksthatpreviouslycouldonlybedonebypeople.Whilerobotsaregoodatworkingintightlycontrolledsettingssuchasfactoriesandproductionlines,theystruggleindynamic,unpredictableplaceslikekitchens,expertssay.Thisisbecauserobotshavetraditionallyreliedonpre-programmedactionsandresponses,andlacktheabilitytoadapttounforeseenobstacles(障碍)inrealtime.Now,theEdinburghteamhascombinedadvancesinsensitivemotorskillsandAItocreatearobotthatcaninteractskillfullywithobjectsandpeopleinchallengingsettings.Previousdevelopmentsintheseareaswerelargelyindependentofeachother.Thenewdevice—aroboticarmwithsevenmovablejoints—firstinterpretsverbal(口语的)instructionsitreceives,andthenanalyzesitssurroundings.Next,itsearchesthekitchentofindacupbyworkingouthowtoaccessdrawerswithopeningmechanismsithasneverencounteredbefore.Therobotthenmeasuresandmixesasetratio(比例)ofgroundcoffeefromajarwithwaterfromakettle.Thetechnologybehindtherobotenablesittoadaptseamlesslytounforeseenevents,suchasifsomeonebumpsormovesthecupunexpectedlywhileitisworking.Theresearch,publishedinthejournalNatureMachineIntelligence,wasledbyRuaridhMon-Williams,aPhDstudentattheUniversityofEdinburgh.“Wearelookingintoafuturewhererobotswithincreasinglyadvancedintelligencebecomecommonplace.Humanintelligencespringsfromthecombinationofreasoning,movementandperception,yetAIandroboticshaveoftenadvancedseparately.Ourworkdemonstratesthepowerofcombiningtheseapproachesandunderlinesthegrowingneedtodiscusstheirsocietalconsequences,”saidRuaridh.8.Whatmakesthenewrobotdifferfromtraditionalones?A.Itexactlyfollowshumandirections. B.Itcaninterpretverbalinstructions.C.Itreliesonpre-programmedorders. D.Itcandealwithunfamiliarsurroundings.9.Howisparagraph3developed?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Bydisplayingtheprocess.C.Byfollowingtimeorder. D.Byclarifyingthedesignprinciple.10.WhatdoesRuaridhemphasizeinthelastparagraph?A.TheeffectsofAI-poweredrobotsonsociety.B.Thebenefitsofdevelopingintelligentrobots.C.ThemethodofcombiningAIwithrobots.D.Thepossibilityofinventinghuman-likerobots.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewRobotsAreTestedinControlledSettingsB.AIIsKeytoAchievingHuman-LikeIntelligenceC.Coffee-MakingRobotBreaksGroundforAIMachinesD.AI-PoweredCoffee-MakingRobotsAreaNewTrendintheKitchen【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇科技说明文，主要介绍爱丁堡大学研发的新型AI机器人，其通过结合AI、传感器和精细运动技能，能在动态环境中灵活完成任务。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Now,theEdinburghteamhascombinedadvancesinsensitivemotorskillsandAItocreatearobotthatcaninteractskillfullywithobjectsandpeopleinchallengingsettings.(现在，爱丁堡团队结合了灵敏运动技能和人工智能的进步，创造出一种能够在具有挑战性的环境中与物体和人熟练互动的机器人。)”可知，新机器人的独特之处在于能够应对陌生环境，而传统机器人依赖预设程序，无法实时适应意外障碍。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thenewdevice—aroboticarmwithsevenmovablejoints—firstinterpretsverbal(口语的)instructionsitreceives,andthenanalyzesitssurroundings.Next,itsearchesthekitchentofindacupbyworkingouthowtoaccessdrawerswithopeningmechanismsithasneverencounteredbefore.Therobotthenmeasuresandmixesasetratio(比例)ofgroundcoffeefromajarwithwaterfromakettle.Thetechnologybehindtherobotenablesittoadaptseamlesslytounforeseenevents,suchasifsomeonebumpsormovesthecupunexpectedlywhileitisworking.(这种新型设备——一个有七个活动关节的机械臂——首先解读接收到的口头指令，然后分析周围环境。接下来，它会搜索厨房，通过研究如何打开从未接触过的抽屉来找到杯子。然后，机器人从罐子里量取一定比例的咖啡粉，并与水壶中的水混合。机器人背后的技术使其能够无缝适应意外事件，例如在工作时有人意外碰撞或移动杯子。)”可知，段落通过first→Next→then的步骤衔接，按流程展示机器人完成煮咖啡任务的具体操作环节，包括解读指令、环境分析、物品搜索、混合咖啡及应对意外等步骤。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Wearelookingintoafuturewhererobotswithincreasinglyadvancedintelligencebecomecommonplace.Humanintelligencespringsfromthecombinationofreasoning,movementandperception,yetAIandroboticshaveoftenadvancedseparately.Ourworkdemonstratesthepowerofcombiningtheseapproachesandunderlinesthegrowingneedtodiscusstheirsocietalconsequences,”saidRuaridh.(Ruaridh说：“我们正在展望一个智能日益先进的机器人成为常态的未来。人类智能源于推理、运动和感知的结合，然而人工智能和机器人技术往往是各自发展的。我们的工作展示了结合这些方法的力量，并强调了讨论其社会影响的迫切需求。”)”可知，Ruaridh强调的核心是AI机器人对社会的潜在影响，而非技术方法或发明可能性。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段“Usingacombinationofcutting-edgeAI,sensitivesensorsandfine-tunedmotorskills,anAI-poweredrobotcaninteractwithitssurroundingsinmorehuman-likewaysthaneverbefore,researcherssay.Thenewtechnology,developedbyateamattheUniversityofEdinburgh,couldtransformrobots’abilitytocarryouttasksthatpreviouslycouldonlybedonebypeople.(据研究人员表示，通过结合尖端人工智能、灵敏的传感器和精细调节的运动技能，一种由人工智能驱动的机器人能够以前所未有的方式以更接近人类的方式与其周围环境互动。这项新技术是由爱丁堡大学的一个团队开发的，它可能会彻底改变机器人执行以往只能由人类完成的任务的能力。)”可知，介绍爱丁堡大学研发的新型AI机器人，其通过结合AI、传感器和精细运动技能，能在动态环境中灵活完成任务，结合下文以“机器人在厨房制作咖啡”为例，重点介绍其结合AI与运动技能的突破性技术可知，C选项“Coffee-MakingRobotBreaksGroundforAIMachines(煮咖啡机器人为AI机器开辟新领域)”涵盖具体案例，又突出技术创新性，最贴合文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。DResearchershavemadesurprisingdiscoveriesinrecentyearsaboutacrow’s(乌鸦)abilitytocommunicate,solveproblems,rememberpeopleandusetools.Whatthey’rediscoveringaboutcrowbrainsischanginghowscientistsunderstandintelligence—andbringingintoquestionouracceptedversionofevolution(进化)。Astudydemonstratedforthefirsttimethatcarrioncrowshave“sensoryconsciousness”—alevelofthinkingpreviouslythoughttobelimitedtohumansandotherprimates.NewCaledoniancrowsaresmartenoughtocreatetheirowntools—inthewildandthelab—byshapingoneendofastickorwireintoahook(钩子)togetfoodbeyondtheirreach.In2024,researchersinGermanytaughtcrowstocountoutloud,usingvocalizationstocorrespondwithnumbers.Despitethesediscoveries,thequestionofhowcrows,whichdonothaveaprefrontalcortex(aregioninthebrain)likehumansandothermammals,arecapableofhigh-levelthinking,islargelyobscure.“Andthatiswhatwewilltrytofindnext,”saysaresearcherofthestudy.Crows’awarenessandintentionusedtobesomethingaboutwhichscientistscouldonlyreason.Now,researcherslikeMarzluffcanmeasureandplotthebrainactivityofcrowstobetterunderstandhowtheyprocessinformationandmakedecisions.MarzluffandhisteamattheUniversityofWashingtonwerethefirsttolookatcrowbrainsduringexperimentsusingaPETscan,anoninvasivetechnologythatusesaradioactivetracertodetectwhichpartsofabrainareactiveatagivenmoment.YoumayrecallMarzluff’sfindingsthatcrowsrecognizehumansandremembertheirfaces.Aspartofthatstudy,researcherslookedatwhatpartsofthecrowbrainwereactivatedwhentheyencounteredpeoplewearingthe“caveman”masksscientistsworewhencapturingthecrows,versusthe“caring”maskswornbyresearcherswhofedandcaredforthecrowsduringtheircaptivity.“Theneurons(神经元)thathavebeenfoundinhumansandmonkeys,andthosenowfoundincrows,arebehavingexactlythesameway,”hesaid.“They’reswitchingtheiractivity,notasafunctionofthevisualinput,butasafunctionofthesubjectiveperceptionoftheorganism.”12.Whathavetheresearchersdiscoveredaboutcrowsrecently?A.Theyevolveinaspecialway. B.Theypossessamazingintelligence.C.Theyfeaturesimplebrainstructures. D.Theyhavebettermemorythanhumans.13.WhatdistinguishesNewCaledoniancrowsaccordingtothetext?A.Theirtalentfortool-making. B.Theiruniquewayofcommunication.C.Theircapabilityofcountingoutloud. D.Theiradaptabilitytodifferentcircumstances.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obscure”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Obvious. B.Undetermined. C.Unaffected. D.Predictable.15.WhatdoesMarzluff’sresearchimplyaboutcrowneurons?A.Theyarestructurallysimplerandlessefficient.B.Theyaretotallyirrelevanttofacialrecognitiontasks.C.Theycanperceivesubjectivelylikehumanneurons.D.Theycanbeonlyactivatedinresponsetovisualinputs.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家近年来关于乌鸦交流、解决问题、记忆和使用工具能力的惊人发现，以及这些发现如何改变科学家对智力的理解，并对进化论提出了质疑。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Researchershavemadesurprisingdiscoveriesinrecentyearsaboutacrow’s(乌鸦)abilitytocommunicate,solveproblems,rememberpeopleandusetools.Whatthey’rediscoveringaboutcrowbrainsischanginghowscientistsunderstandintelligence—andbringingintoquestionouracceptedversionofevolution(进化)。(近年来，研究人员在乌鸦的沟通能力、解决问题能力、记忆人类面孔的能力以及使用工具的能力方面有了惊人发现。他们对乌鸦大脑的研究正在改变科学家对“智力”的理解，并使我们对公认的进化观点产生质疑。)”可知，研究人员发现乌鸦拥有惊人的智力。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Astudydemonstratedforthefirsttimethatcarrioncrowshave“sensoryconsciousness”—alevelofthinkingpreviouslythoughttobelimitedtohumansandotherprimates.NewCaledoniancrowsaresmartenoughtocreatetheirowntools—inthewildandthelab—byshapingoneendofastickorwireintoahook(钩子)togetfoodbeyondtheirreach.(一项研究首次证明，食腐乌鸦具有“感官意识”——这一思维水平此前被认为仅人类和其他灵长类动物具备。新喀里多尼亚乌鸦非常聪明，无论是在野外还是实验室中，它们都能通过将树枝或金属丝的一端削成钩子，来获取够不着的食物，从而制造属于自己的工具。)”可知，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦的独特之处在于其制造工具的能力，无论是在野外还是实验室环境中，它们都能将树枝或金属丝制成钩子获取食物。故选A。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在段落“Despitethesediscoveries,thequestionofhowcrows,whichdonothaveaprefrontalcortex(aregioninthebrain)likehumansandothermammals,arecapableofhigh-levelthinking,islargelyobscure.“Andthatiswhatwewilltrytofindnext,”saysaresearcherofthestudy.(尽管有这些发现，但乌鸦没有像人类和其他哺乳动物那样的前额叶皮层（大脑中的一个区域），却能够进行高级思维，这一问题在很大程度上……。“而这正是我们下一步要试图解开的谜团，”该研究的一位研究人员说。)”可知，乌鸦没有前额叶皮层却能进行高级思维，而这是团队需要解开的谜团。由此可知，该问题目前尚未明确。选项B“undetermined”意为“未确定的”与此相符。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Theneurons(神经元)thathavebeenfoundinhumansandmonkeys,andthosenowfoundincrows,arebehavingexactlythesameway,”hesaid.“They’reswitchingtheiractivity,notasafunctionofthevisualinput,butasafunctionofthesubjectiveperceptionoftheorganism.”(“在人类和猴子身上发现的神经元，与现在在乌鸦身上发现的神经元，表现得完全一样，”他说，“它们的活动切换并非取决于视觉输入，而是取决于生物体的主观感知。”)”可推测，乌鸦神经元能像人类神经元一样进行主观感知。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thepowerofcommunicationisthebackboneofanysuccessfulrelationship.___16___Along-lastingandfulfillingrelationshipisbuiltonasolidfoundationofcommunication.Asfamilymembers,wecanadoptthesepracticalwaystobemoreeffectivecommunicatorsandmakeourrelationshipstronger.Expresspersonalneedsandfeelings.Familymemberswhocommunicateeffectivelymustexpressthemselves.Thefirststepistoidentifyyourfeelingsandwhatyouneedfromyourfamily.Itisimportanttouse“I”statementswhenyou’reexpressingyourselfandstayawayfrom“you”statements.___17___Showempathy(共情)andcompassionforeachother.___18___Empathyistheabilitytoseethingsfromanotherperson’sperspectiveandunderstandtheirfeelings.Compassionisthedesiretohelpsomeonewhoisexperiencingpainorsuffering.Familymemberscanprovidesupportandcomfortwhenshowingempathyandcompassionforoneanotherduringdifficulttimes.___19___Itmeansunderstandingandacceptingthateachpersonhastheirlimitsregardingwhatonecantolerate.Withoutrespectforeachother’sprinciples,itcanbeeasytooverstep(逾越)thelineandcauseconflict.Byclearlycommunicatingneedsandexpectations,familymemberscanensurethattheyareallonthesamepageandavoidmisunderstandings.Supporteachotherthroughtoughtimes.Norelationshipisperfect,andfamilymemberswillunavoidablyfacechallengesanddifficultiesatsomepointintheirworkandlife.___20___Thentheycommunicateeffectivelyandhelpeachothergetthroughhardtimes,whichinturnstrengthensthebondsbetweenfamilymembers.A.Respecteachother’sboundaries.B.Keeptheconversationtopicsopen.C.Theyarecriticalskillsthathelpreacttoeachother’sfeelings.D.Beingpresentandofferingalisteningearcanmakeadifference.E.Thisallowsfamilymemberstocommunicatewitheachotherequally.F.Thismethodguidesyourfamilytoshowupinthewayyouneedthemto.G.Withouteffectivecommunication,relationshipswon’treachthefullpotential.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.A20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章强调了沟通在家庭关系中的重要性，并介绍了有效沟通、增进家庭关系的几种实用方法。【16题详解】上文“Thepowerofcommunicationisthebackboneofanysuccessfulrelationship.(沟通的力量是任何成功关系的基石)”强调了沟通对成功关系的重要性。G选项“Withouteffectivecommunication,relationshipswon’treachthefullpotential.(没有有效的沟通，关系就无法发挥出全部潜力)”从反面进一步说明了沟通的重要性，与上文构成逻辑上的呼应。故选G项。【17题详解】上文提到“Thefirststepistoidentifyyourfeelingsandwhatyouneedfromyourfamily.Itisimportanttouse‘I’statementswhenyou’reexpressingyourselfandstayawayfrom‘you’statements.(第一步是确定你的感受以及你从家人那里需要什么。当你表达自己时，使用‘我’的表述很重要，要避免使用‘你’的表述)”，说明了表达个人需求和感受的方式。F选项“Thismethodguidesyourfamilytoshowupinthewayyouneedthemto.(这种方法能引导你的家人以你需要的方式出现)”中的“Thismethod”指代上文提到的表达方法，解释了这样做的好处，与上文逻辑紧密。故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Showempathy(共情)andcompassionforeachother.(对彼此表示同情和同情。)”和下文“Empathyistheabilitytoseethingsfromanotherperson’sperspectiveandunderstandtheirfeelings.Compassionisthedesiretohelpsomeonewhoisexperiencingpainorsuffering.(共情是能够从他人的角度看待事物并理解他们的感受的能力。同情是帮助正在经历痛苦或苦难的人的愿望)”对共情和同情进行解释。C选项“Theyarecriticalskillsthathelpreacttoeachother’sfeelings.(它们是帮助对彼此感受做出反应的关键技能)”中的“They”指代共情和同情，且说明了这两种能力的作用，与下文对其的解释相呼应。故选C项。【19题详解】下文“Itmeansunderstandingandacceptingthateachpersonhastheirlimitsregardingwhatonecantolerate.Withoutrespectforeachother’sprinciples,itcanbeeasytooverstep(逾越)thelineandcauseconflict.(这意味着理解并接受每个人在所能容忍的事情上都有自己的限度。如果不尊重彼此的原则，很容易越界并引发冲突)”围绕尊重彼此的限度和原则展开，说明不能逾越彼此的界限。A选项“Respecteachother’sboundaries.(尊重彼此的界限)”能概括下文内容，引出下文。故选A项。【20题详解】上文“Norelationshipisperfect,andfamilymemberswillunavoidablyfacechallengesanddifficultiesatsomepointintheirworkandlife.(没有一段关系是完美的，家庭成员在工作和生活中的某个时刻不可避免地会面临挑战和困难)”指出家庭成员会遇到困难。D选项“Beingpresentandofferingalisteningearcanmakeadifference.(陪伴在旁并倾听会产生很大的作用)”说明了在家人遇到困难时应该怎么做，与上文提到的困难情况相呼应，且为下文“Thentheycommunicateeffectivelyandhelpeachothergetthroughhardtimes(然后他们进行有效的沟通，互相帮助度过艰难时期)”做铺垫。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iamterriblybadatbowling.It’sthekindofbadwheremyscores____21____break30(asignofabetterperformance)andtheonlystrikesIachievearepure____22____.Yet,Ilovebowlingandeachpin(球瓶)Iknockdownfeelslikeapersonal____23____.Mostimportantly,Ivaluethememoriescreatedwithmyfamilyandfriends,becauseevenwhenI’m____24____,I’mlaughing.Onememorablenight,myfriendsandIwentbowling,andonceagainImissedthepin.Insteadoffeeling____25____,weeruptedintolaughter.MyfriendJenna,whowasequallybadatbowling,attemptedtoimitate(模仿)aprofessionalbowlerbut____26____fallingontothefloor.Welaughedsohardthattearsstreameddownourfacesandthatsharedjoyhelpedus____27____ourlowscores.Asthenightunfolded,westartedanew____28____:Eachtimeoneofusbowledbadly,wewouldcelebrateour“achievement”withafunnydance.Astrangernearbyeven____29____us,transformingoursillygameintoaminidanceparty.Engaginginactivitieswherewe’renot____30____hasunexpectedbenefits.Forinstance,whenIstruggleatbowlingrepeatedly,Ilearnsomething,andtheabilitytolaughatmy____31____allowsmetodealwithdifficultiesinmoresignificantaspectsofmylife.So,thenexttimeyou____32____totrysomethingbecauseyoumightbebadatit,askyourself:Isitworththe____33____?Iftheanswerisno,divein.Joydoesn’tcomefrom____34____,butfromthefreedomtoenjoytheexperienceandthelaughterthat____35____it.21.A.barely B.suddenly